diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index dae2245..32ed417 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -29,6 +29,10 @@ htmlcov/
 # Environment
 .env
 
+# Worktrees
+.worktrees/
+worktrees/
+
 # AI agent config (local only)
 .claude/
 CLAUDE.md
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index b39a062..f40d462 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -88,6 +88,17 @@ PaperMind 是一个面向科研工作者的 AI 增强平台，帮你从「搜索
 
 ## ✨ 核心能力
 
+### 🧠 认知重构工作流 (PaperSenseMaking)
+
+「阅读→理解→重构」的完整论文工作流：
+
+- 📝 **Act 1 理解** —— 摘要 + 关键发现，厘清论文核心
+- ⚡ **Act 2 碰撞** —— 冲突 + 疑问，与已有知识对话
+- 🔄 **Act 3 重构** —— 前后对比 + 认知变化，形成新认知
+- 📖 **全文对照翻译** —— 段落级中英对照，支持两种模式
+  - ⚡ **快速翻译**：1-2 分钟，PyMuPDF 分段 + 并发翻译
+  - 📐 **布局保留**：3-5 分钟，PDFMathTranslate 完整排版（公式/图表保留）
+
 ### 🤖 AI Agent 对话
 
 你的智能研究助理，自然语言交互搞定一切：
@@ -162,6 +173,21 @@ PaperMind 是一个面向科研工作者的 AI 增强平台，帮你从「搜索
 - 🎫 **JWT Token** —— 7 天有效期，自动续期
 - 🛡️ **全站保护** —— 所有 API 都需要认证
 
+### ⚙️ LLM 模型管理
+
+灵活控制成本，按场景分配模型：
+
+- 📊 **统一配置** —— 默认使用 GLM-4.7（文本）+ GLM-4.6V（视觉）
+- 🔄 **一键切换** —— 在设置页面随时切换配置
+- 🎯 **场景映射** —— 所有文本任务自动使用 GLM-4.7
+- 💰 **成本优化** —— 单一模型配置，避免管理复杂度
+- 📈 **Token 追踪** —— 所有 API 调用自动记录成本和用量
+
+**默认模型配置**：
+- 文本任务（粗读/精读/翻译/写作）：GLM-4.7
+- 视觉任务（图表分析/OCR）：GLM-4.6V
+- 降级备用：GLM-4.7
+
 ---
 
 ## 🏗️ 架构总览
@@ -384,6 +410,7 @@ alembic upgrade head
 - **[Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org)** — 引用数据来源
 - **[CSFeeds](https://csarxiv.org)** — 论文源订阅服务
 - **[learn-claude-code](https://github.com/shareAI-lab/learn-claude-code)** — Agent Harness 工程体系启发，s01-s12 渐进式解构：Loop → Tools → Planning → Subagents → Skills → Context → Tasks → Background → Teams → Protocols → Autonomous
+- **[PaperSenseMaking](https://github.com/edu-ai-builders/paper-sense-making)** — 论文阅读「阅读→理解→重构」工作流设计灵感
 
 ---
 
diff --git a/apps/api/main.py b/apps/api/main.py
index ea8abc5..efe91f0 100644
--- a/apps/api/main.py
+++ b/apps/api/main.py
@@ -155,10 +155,13 @@ async def app_error_handler(_request: Request, exc: AppError):
     cs_feeds,
     graph,
     jobs,
+    llm_configs,
     papers,
     pipelines,
+    sensemaking,
     system,
     topics,
+    translate,
     writing,
 )
 from apps.api.routers import (
@@ -177,3 +180,6 @@ async def app_error_handler(_request: Request, exc: AppError):
 app.include_router(writing.router)
 app.include_router(jobs.router)
 app.include_router(auth.router)
+app.include_router(sensemaking.router)
+app.include_router(translate.router)
+app.include_router(llm_configs.router)
diff --git a/apps/api/routers/llm_configs.py b/apps/api/routers/llm_configs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c58abc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/api/routers/llm_configs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+"""
+LLM 模型管理路由 - 配置管理 + 场景化切换
+"""
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+from packages.storage.db import session_scope
+from packages.storage.repositories import LLMConfigRepository
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/llm-configs", tags=["llm-configs"])
+
+
+class LLMConfigItem(BaseModel):
+    id: str
+    name: str
+    provider: str
+    api_base_url: str | None
+    model_skim: str
+    model_deep: str
+    model_vision: str | None
+    model_embedding: str
+    model_fallback: str
+    is_active: bool
+
+
+class LLMConfigCreate(BaseModel):
+    name: str = Field(..., description="配置名称")
+    provider: str = Field(..., description="提供商：zhipu/openai/anthropic/siliconflow")
+    api_key: str = Field(..., description="API Key")
+    api_base_url: str | None = Field(None, description="自定义 API Base URL")
+    model_skim: str = Field(..., description="粗读/简单任务模型")
+    model_deep: str = Field(..., description="精读/复杂任务模型")
+    model_vision: str | None = Field(None, description="视觉模型")
+    model_embedding: str = Field(..., description="嵌入模型")
+    model_fallback: str = Field(..., description="降级备用模型")
+
+
+class LLMConfigUpdate(BaseModel):
+    name: str | None = None
+    provider: str | None = None
+    api_key: str | None = None
+    api_base_url: str | None = None
+    model_skim: str | None = None
+    model_deep: str | None = None
+    model_vision: str | None = None
+    model_embedding: str | None = None
+    model_fallback: str | None = None
+
+
+class LLMConfigActivate(BaseModel):
+    config_id: str
+
+
+class LLMConfigList(BaseModel):
+    configs: list[LLMConfigItem]
+    active_id: str | None
+
+
+class LLMConfigDetail(BaseModel):
+    config: LLMConfigItem
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=LLMConfigList)
+def list_configs():
+    """获取所有 LLM 配置列表"""
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        repo = LLMConfigRepository(session)
+        configs = repo.list_all()
+        active_cfg = repo.get_active()
+        return LLMConfigList(
+            configs=[
+                LLMConfigItem(
+                    id=c.id,
+                    name=c.name,
+                    provider=c.provider,
+                    api_base_url=c.api_base_url,
+                    model_skim=c.model_skim,
+                    model_deep=c.model_deep,
+                    model_vision=c.model_vision,
+                    model_embedding=c.model_embedding,
+                    model_fallback=c.model_fallback,
+                    is_active=c.is_active,
+                )
+                for c in configs
+            ],
+            active_id=active_cfg.id if active_cfg else None,
+        )
+
+
+@router.get("/{config_id}", response_model=LLMConfigDetail)
+def get_config(config_id: str):
+    """获取单个配置详情"""
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        repo = LLMConfigRepository(session)
+        try:
+            cfg = repo.get_by_id(config_id)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=str(e)) from e
+        return LLMConfigDetail(
+            config=LLMConfigItem(
+                id=cfg.id,
+                name=cfg.name,
+                provider=cfg.provider,
+                api_base_url=cfg.api_base_url,
+                model_skim=cfg.model_skim,
+                model_deep=cfg.model_deep,
+                model_vision=cfg.model_vision,
+                model_embedding=cfg.model_embedding,
+                model_fallback=cfg.model_fallback,
+                is_active=cfg.is_active,
+            )
+        )
+
+
+@router.post("", response_model=LLMConfigDetail)
+def create_config(req: LLMConfigCreate):
+    """创建新的 LLM 配置"""
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        repo = LLMConfigRepository(session)
+        cfg = repo.create(
+            name=req.name,
+            provider=req.provider,
+            api_key=req.api_key,
+            api_base_url=req.api_base_url,
+            model_skim=req.model_skim,
+            model_deep=req.model_deep,
+            model_vision=req.model_vision,
+            model_embedding=req.model_embedding,
+            model_fallback=req.model_fallback,
+        )
+        session.commit()
+        return LLMConfigDetail(
+            config=LLMConfigItem(
+                id=cfg.id,
+                name=cfg.name,
+                provider=cfg.provider,
+                api_base_url=cfg.api_base_url,
+                model_skim=cfg.model_skim,
+                model_deep=cfg.model_deep,
+                model_vision=cfg.model_vision,
+                model_embedding=cfg.model_embedding,
+                model_fallback=cfg.model_fallback,
+                is_active=cfg.is_active,
+            )
+        )
+
+
+@router.patch("/{config_id}", response_model=LLMConfigDetail)
+def update_config(config_id: str, req: LLMConfigUpdate):
+    """更新配置"""
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        repo = LLMConfigRepository(session)
+        try:
+            cfg = repo.update(
+                config_id,
+                name=req.name,
+                provider=req.provider,
+                api_key=req.api_key,
+                api_base_url=req.api_base_url,
+                model_skim=req.model_skim,
+                model_deep=req.model_deep,
+                model_vision=req.model_vision,
+                model_embedding=req.model_embedding,
+                model_fallback=req.model_fallback,
+            )
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=str(e)) from e
+        session.commit()
+        return LLMConfigDetail(
+            config=LLMConfigItem(
+                id=cfg.id,
+                name=cfg.name,
+                provider=cfg.provider,
+                api_base_url=cfg.api_base_url,
+                model_skim=cfg.model_skim,
+                model_deep=cfg.model_deep,
+                model_vision=cfg.model_vision,
+                model_embedding=cfg.model_embedding,
+                model_fallback=cfg.model_fallback,
+                is_active=cfg.is_active,
+            )
+        )
+
+
+@router.delete("/{config_id}")
+def delete_config(config_id: str):
+    """删除配置（不能删除当前激活的配置）"""
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        repo = LLMConfigRepository(session)
+        cfg = repo.get_by_id(config_id)
+        if cfg.is_active:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="不能删除当前激活的配置")
+        repo.delete(config_id)
+        session.commit()
+        return {"message": "删除成功"}
+
+
+@router.post("/activate", response_model=LLMConfigDetail)
+def activate_config(req: LLMConfigActivate):
+    """激活指定配置"""
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        repo = LLMConfigRepository(session)
+        try:
+            cfg = repo.activate(req.config_id)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=str(e)) from e
+        session.commit()
+        return LLMConfigDetail(
+            config=LLMConfigItem(
+                id=cfg.id,
+                name=cfg.name,
+                provider=cfg.provider,
+                api_base_url=cfg.api_base_url,
+                model_skim=cfg.model_skim,
+                model_deep=cfg.model_deep,
+                model_vision=cfg.model_vision,
+                model_embedding=cfg.model_embedding,
+                model_fallback=cfg.model_fallback,
+                is_active=cfg.is_active,
+            )
+        )
diff --git a/apps/api/routers/papers.py b/apps/api/routers/papers.py
index 0f21555..2acf808 100644
--- a/apps/api/routers/papers.py
+++ b/apps/api/routers/papers.py
@@ -324,6 +324,59 @@ def serve_paper_pdf(paper_id: UUID) -> FileResponse:
     )
 
 
+@router.get("/papers/{paper_id}/segments")
+def get_paper_segments(paper_id: UUID) -> dict:
+    """获取论文分段（用于全文对照翻译）- 包含页码信息"""
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        repo = PaperRepository(session)
+        try:
+            paper = repo.get_by_id(paper_id)
+        except ValueError as exc:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=str(exc)) from exc
+        pdf_path = paper.pdf_path
+
+    if not pdf_path:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="论文没有 PDF 文件")
+
+    full_path = Path(pdf_path)
+    if not full_path.exists():
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="PDF 文件不存在")
+
+    try:
+        import fitz
+
+        doc = fitz.open(str(full_path))
+        paragraphs: list[dict] = []
+        para_idx = 0
+        max_pages = 30
+
+        for page_num in range(min(max_pages, len(doc))):
+            page = doc.load_page(page_num)
+            page_text = page.get_text("text").strip()
+            if not page_text:
+                continue
+
+            blocks = page_text.split("\n\n")
+            for block in blocks:
+                block = block.strip()
+                if len(block) < 20:
+                    continue
+                para_idx += 1
+                paragraphs.append(
+                    {
+                        "id": f"p-{para_idx}",
+                        "type": "paragraph",
+                        "content": block[:2000],
+                        "pageNumber": page_num + 1,
+                    }
+                )
+
+        doc.close()
+        return {"segments": paragraphs}
+    except Exception as e:
+        return {"segments": [], "error": str(e)}
+
+
 @router.post("/papers/{paper_id}/ai/explain")
 def ai_explain_text(paper_id: UUID, body: AIExplainReq) -> dict:
     """AI 解释/翻译选中文本"""
diff --git a/apps/api/routers/sensemaking.py b/apps/api/routers/sensemaking.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5fa27ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/api/routers/sensemaking.py
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+"""
+Sensemaking API - 论文认知重构流程
+"""
+
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from packages.storage.db import session_scope
+from packages.storage.models import SchemaPaperInteraction, SensemakingSession, UserSchema
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/sensemaking", tags=["sensemaking"])
+
+
+class UserSchemaCreate(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    user_id: str | None = None
+    research_topics: list[str] = []
+    academic_level: str | None = None
+    current_challenges: list[str] = []
+    beliefs: list[str] = []
+    knowledge_gaps: list[str] = []
+
+
+class SensemakingSessionCreate(BaseModel):
+    paper_id: str
+    user_schema_id: str
+
+
+@router.post("/schemas")
+async def create_user_schema(data: UserSchemaCreate):
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        schema = UserSchema(
+            user_id=data.user_id or "default",
+            name=data.name,
+            research_topics=data.research_topics,
+            academic_level=data.academic_level,
+            current_challenges=data.current_challenges,
+            beliefs=data.beliefs,
+            knowledge_gaps=data.knowledge_gaps,
+        )
+        session.add(schema)
+        session.commit()
+        session.refresh(schema)
+        return {
+            "id": schema.id,
+            "user_id": schema.user_id,
+            "name": schema.name,
+            "research_topics": schema.research_topics,
+            "academic_level": schema.academic_level,
+            "current_challenges": schema.current_challenges,
+            "beliefs": schema.beliefs,
+            "knowledge_gaps": schema.knowledge_gaps,
+            "version": schema.version,
+            "created_at": schema.created_at,
+            "updated_at": schema.updated_at,
+        }
+
+
+@router.get("/schemas/{schema_id}")
+async def get_user_schema(schema_id: str):
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        schema = session.query(UserSchema).filter_by(id=schema_id).first()
+        if not schema:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Schema not found")
+        return {
+            "id": schema.id,
+            "user_id": schema.user_id,
+            "name": schema.name,
+            "research_topics": schema.research_topics,
+            "academic_level": schema.academic_level,
+            "current_challenges": schema.current_challenges,
+            "beliefs": schema.beliefs,
+            "knowledge_gaps": schema.knowledge_gaps,
+            "version": schema.version,
+            "created_at": schema.created_at,
+            "updated_at": schema.updated_at,
+        }
+
+
+@router.get("/schemas")
+async def list_user_schemas(user_id: str | None = None):
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        query = session.query(UserSchema)
+        if user_id:
+            query = query.filter_by(user_id=user_id)
+        schemas = query.all()
+        return [
+            {
+                "id": s.id,
+                "user_id": s.user_id,
+                "name": s.name,
+                "research_topics": s.research_topics,
+                "academic_level": s.academic_level,
+                "current_challenges": s.current_challenges,
+                "beliefs": s.beliefs,
+                "knowledge_gaps": s.knowledge_gaps,
+                "version": s.version,
+                "created_at": s.created_at,
+                "updated_at": s.updated_at,
+            }
+            for s in schemas
+        ]
+
+
+@router.post("/sessions")
+async def create_session(data: SensemakingSessionCreate):
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        schema = session.query(UserSchema).filter_by(id=data.user_schema_id).first()
+        if not schema:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="UserSchema not found")
+
+        session_obj = SensemakingSession(
+            paper_id=data.paper_id, user_schema_id=data.user_schema_id, status="in_progress"
+        )
+        session.add(session_obj)
+        session.commit()
+        session.refresh(session_obj)
+        return {
+            "id": session_obj.id,
+            "paper_id": session_obj.paper_id,
+            "user_schema_id": session_obj.user_schema_id,
+            "act1_comprehension": session_obj.act1_comprehension,
+            "act2_collision": session_obj.act2_collision,
+            "act3_reconstruction": session_obj.act3_reconstruction,
+            "status": session_obj.status,
+            "conversation_history": session_obj.conversation_history,
+            "created_at": session_obj.created_at,
+            "updated_at": session_obj.updated_at,
+            "completed_at": session_obj.completed_at,
+        }
+
+
+@router.get("/sessions/{session_id}")
+async def get_session(session_id: str):
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        session_obj = session.query(SensemakingSession).filter_by(id=session_id).first()
+        if not session_obj:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Session not found")
+        return {
+            "id": session_obj.id,
+            "paper_id": session_obj.paper_id,
+            "user_schema_id": session_obj.user_schema_id,
+            "act1_comprehension": session_obj.act1_comprehension,
+            "act2_collision": session_obj.act2_collision,
+            "act3_reconstruction": session_obj.act3_reconstruction,
+            "status": session_obj.status,
+            "conversation_history": session_obj.conversation_history,
+            "created_at": session_obj.created_at,
+            "updated_at": session_obj.updated_at,
+            "completed_at": session_obj.completed_at,
+        }
+
+
+@router.get("/sessions")
+async def list_sessions(paper_id: str | None = None, user_schema_id: str | None = None):
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        query = session.query(SensemakingSession)
+        if paper_id:
+            query = query.filter_by(paper_id=paper_id)
+        if user_schema_id:
+            query = query.filter_by(user_schema_id=user_schema_id)
+        sessions = query.all()
+        return [
+            {
+                "id": s.id,
+                "paper_id": s.paper_id,
+                "user_schema_id": s.user_schema_id,
+                "act1_comprehension": s.act1_comprehension,
+                "act2_collision": s.act2_collision,
+                "act3_reconstruction": s.act3_reconstruction,
+                "status": s.status,
+                "conversation_history": s.conversation_history,
+                "created_at": s.created_at,
+                "updated_at": s.updated_at,
+                "completed_at": s.completed_at,
+            }
+            for s in sessions
+        ]
+
+
+@router.patch("/sessions/{session_id}/act1")
+async def update_act1(session_id: str, act1_data: dict):
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        session_obj = session.query(SensemakingSession).filter_by(id=session_id).first()
+        if not session_obj:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Session not found")
+
+        session_obj.act1_comprehension = act1_data
+        session.commit()
+        session.refresh(session_obj)
+        return {
+            "id": session_obj.id,
+            "paper_id": session_obj.paper_id,
+            "user_schema_id": session_obj.user_schema_id,
+            "act1_comprehension": session_obj.act1_comprehension,
+            "act2_collision": session_obj.act2_collision,
+            "act3_reconstruction": session_obj.act3_reconstruction,
+            "status": session_obj.status,
+            "conversation_history": session_obj.conversation_history,
+            "created_at": session_obj.created_at,
+            "updated_at": session_obj.updated_at,
+            "completed_at": session_obj.completed_at,
+        }
+
+
+@router.patch("/sessions/{session_id}/act2")
+async def update_act2(session_id: str, act2_data: dict):
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        session_obj = session.query(SensemakingSession).filter_by(id=session_id).first()
+        if not session_obj:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Session not found")
+
+        session_obj.act2_collision = act2_data
+        session.commit()
+        session.refresh(session_obj)
+        return {
+            "id": session_obj.id,
+            "paper_id": session_obj.paper_id,
+            "user_schema_id": session_obj.user_schema_id,
+            "act1_comprehension": session_obj.act1_comprehension,
+            "act2_collision": session_obj.act2_collision,
+            "act3_reconstruction": session_obj.act3_reconstruction,
+            "status": session_obj.status,
+            "conversation_history": session_obj.conversation_history,
+            "created_at": session_obj.created_at,
+            "updated_at": session_obj.updated_at,
+            "completed_at": session_obj.completed_at,
+        }
+
+
+@router.patch("/sessions/{session_id}/act3")
+async def complete_act3(session_id: str, act3_data: dict):
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        session_obj = session.query(SensemakingSession).filter_by(id=session_id).first()
+        if not session_obj:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Session not found")
+
+        session_obj.act3_reconstruction = act3_data
+        session_obj.status = "completed"
+        session_obj.completed_at = datetime.now(UTC)
+        session.commit()
+        session.refresh(session_obj)
+        return {
+            "id": session_obj.id,
+            "paper_id": session_obj.paper_id,
+            "user_schema_id": session_obj.user_schema_id,
+            "act1_comprehension": session_obj.act1_comprehension,
+            "act2_collision": session_obj.act2_collision,
+            "act3_reconstruction": session_obj.act3_reconstruction,
+            "status": session_obj.status,
+            "conversation_history": session_obj.conversation_history,
+            "created_at": session_obj.created_at,
+            "updated_at": session_obj.updated_at,
+            "completed_at": session_obj.completed_at,
+        }
+
+
+@router.post("/interactions")
+async def create_interaction(
+    user_schema_id: str,
+    paper_id: str,
+    interaction_type: str,
+    cognitive_delta: dict | None = None,
+):
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        interaction = SchemaPaperInteraction(
+            user_schema_id=user_schema_id,
+            paper_id=paper_id,
+            interaction_type=interaction_type,
+            cognitive_delta=cognitive_delta,
+        )
+        session.add(interaction)
+        session.commit()
+        session.refresh(interaction)
+        return {"id": interaction.id, "status": "created"}
diff --git a/apps/api/routers/topics.py b/apps/api/routers/topics.py
index e46c36e..a6903bb 100644
--- a/apps/api/routers/topics.py
+++ b/apps/api/routers/topics.py
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ def _topic_dict(t, session=None) -> dict:
         "schedule_time_utc": getattr(t, "schedule_time_utc", 21),
         "enable_date_filter": getattr(t, "enable_date_filter", False),
         "date_filter_days": getattr(t, "date_filter_days", 7),
-        "schedule_time_utc": getattr(t, "schedule_time_utc", 21),
         "paper_count": 0,
         "last_run_at": None,
         "last_run_count": None,
@@ -193,13 +192,26 @@ def ingest_arxiv(
     sort_by: str = Query(
         default="submittedDate", pattern="^(submittedDate|relevance|lastUpdatedDate)$"
     ),
+    days_back: int = Query(
+        default=0,
+        ge=0,
+        le=3650,
+        description="只检索最近 N 天提交的论文，默认 0 = 不限日期（历史关键词搜索）；订阅可传 7/30",
+    ),
 ) -> dict:
-    logger.info("ArXiv ingest: query=%r max_results=%d sort=%s", query, max_results, sort_by)
+    logger.info(
+        "ArXiv ingest: query=%r max_results=%d sort=%s days_back=%d",
+        query,
+        max_results,
+        sort_by,
+        days_back,
+    )
     count, inserted_ids, _ = pipelines.ingest_arxiv(
         query=query,
         max_results=max_results,
         topic_id=topic_id,
         sort_by=sort_by,
+        days_back=days_back,
     )
     # 查询插入论文的基本信息
     papers_info: list[dict] = []
diff --git a/apps/api/routers/translate.py b/apps/api/routers/translate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b697f39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/api/routers/translate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+"""
+翻译 API - 段落对照翻译 / 布局保留翻译
+"""
+
+from uuid import UUID
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, BackgroundTasks, HTTPException
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from apps.api.services.translate import (
+    extract_segments_from_pdf,
+    translate_segments,
+    translate_text,
+)
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/translate", tags=["translate"])
+
+
+class TranslateRequest(BaseModel):
+    text: str
+    target_lang: str = "zh"
+
+
+class TranslateResponse(BaseModel):
+    original: str
+    translation: str
+
+
+class SegmentTranslationItem(BaseModel):
+    id: str
+    type: str
+    content: str
+    translation: str | None = None
+    pageNumber: int | None = None
+
+
+class BilingualPdfRequest(BaseModel):
+    paper_id: UUID
+    target_lang: str = "zh"
+    mode: str = "fast"  # "fast" | "layout"
+
+
+class BilingualPdfResponse(BaseModel):
+    job_id: str
+    status: str
+    message: str
+
+
+@router.post("/selection", response_model=TranslateResponse)
+def translate_selection(req: TranslateRequest):
+    try:
+        translation = translate_text(req.text, req.target_lang)
+        return TranslateResponse(original=req.text, translation=translation)
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=str(e)) from e
+
+
+@router.post("/segments")
+def translate_segments_endpoint(segments: list[SegmentTranslationItem], target_lang: str = "zh"):
+    try:
+        seg_dicts = [s.model_dump() for s in segments]
+        results = translate_segments(seg_dicts, target_lang)
+        return {"segments": results}
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=str(e)) from e
+
+
+@router.post("/bilingual-pdf", response_model=BilingualPdfResponse)
+async def create_bilingual_pdf(req: BilingualPdfRequest, background_tasks: BackgroundTasks):
+    """
+    生成双语 PDF（异步任务）
+
+    - **fast**: 快速翻译，生成 JSON 对照数据（前端渲染）
+    - **layout**: 布局保留，调用 PDFMathTranslate 生成完整双语 PDF
+    """
+    from uuid import uuid4
+
+    from packages.storage.db import session_scope
+    from packages.storage.repositories import PaperRepository
+
+    job_id = str(uuid4())
+
+    with session_scope() as session:
+        repo = PaperRepository(session)
+        try:
+            paper = repo.get_by_id(req.paper_id)
+        except ValueError as exc:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=str(exc)) from exc
+
+        if not paper.pdf_path:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="论文没有 PDF 文件")
+
+    # 根据模式选择处理方式
+    if req.mode == "fast":
+        # 快速模式：提取分段 + 并发翻译
+        background_tasks.add_task(
+            _process_fast_translation, job_id, paper.pdf_path, req.target_lang
+        )
+        return BilingualPdfResponse(
+            job_id=job_id, status="processing", message="快速翻译中，预计 1-2 分钟完成"
+        )
+    else:
+        # 布局保留模式：调用 PDFMathTranslate
+        background_tasks.add_task(
+            _process_layout_translation, job_id, paper.pdf_path, req.target_lang
+        )
+        return BilingualPdfResponse(
+            job_id=job_id, status="processing", message="布局保留翻译中，预计 3-5 分钟完成"
+        )
+
+
+def _process_fast_translation(job_id: str, pdf_path: str, target_lang: str):
+    """快速翻译处理"""
+    try:
+        # 1. 提取分段
+        segments = extract_segments_from_pdf(pdf_path)
+        # 2. 并发翻译
+        translate_segments(segments, target_lang)
+        # 3. 保存结果（可以存到文件或数据库）
+        # TODO: 保存翻译结果
+    except Exception:
+        # TODO: 更新任务状态为失败
+        pass
+
+
+def _process_layout_translation(job_id: str, pdf_path: str, target_lang: str):
+    """布局保留翻译处理（调用 PDFMathTranslate）"""
+    try:
+        import subprocess
+        from pathlib import Path
+
+        output_dir = Path("/tmp/pdf2zh_output")
+        output_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
+
+        # 调用 PDFMathTranslate CLI
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            ["pdf2zh", pdf_path, "-lo", target_lang, "-o", str(output_dir)],
+            capture_output=True,
+            text=True,
+            timeout=600,  # 10 分钟超时
+        )
+
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"PDFMathTranslate 失败：{result.stderr}")
+
+        # TODO: 移动生成的 PDF 到存储目录
+    except Exception:
+        # TODO: 更新任务状态为失败
+        pass
diff --git a/apps/api/services/__init__.py b/apps/api/services/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/apps/api/services/translate.py b/apps/api/services/translate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1bb9947
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/api/services/translate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+"""
+翻译服务 - 段落对照翻译
+"""
+
+from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
+
+import fitz  # PyMuPDF
+
+from packages.integrations.llm_client import LLMClient
+
+llm = LLMClient()
+
+# 翻译并发控制
+_max_workers = 5
+
+
+def translate_text(text: str, target_lang: str = "zh") -> str:
+    prompt = f"""Translate the following academic text to {target_lang}.
+Maintain the academic tone and technical terminology.
+
+Text:
+{text}
+
+Translation:"""
+    result = llm.summarize_text(prompt, stage="translate", max_tokens=4096)
+    # 追踪 token 到数据库
+    llm.trace_result(
+        result, stage="translate", prompt_digest=f"translate to {target_lang}: {text[:50]}"
+    )
+    return result.content
+
+
+def translate_segments(segments: list[dict], target_lang: str = "zh") -> list[dict]:
+    """批量翻译分段（并发）"""
+    results = []
+
+    def _translate_single(seg: dict) -> dict:
+        if seg.get("type") == "paragraph":
+            translation = translate_text(seg["content"], target_lang)
+            return {**seg, "translation": translation}
+        return {**seg, "translation": seg.get("content", "")}
+
+    with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=_max_workers) as executor:
+        results = list(executor.map(_translate_single, segments))
+
+    return results
+
+
+def extract_segments_from_pdf(pdf_path: str, max_pages: int = 30) -> list[dict]:
+    """从 PDF 提取带页码的分段（快速版本）"""
+    doc = fitz.open(pdf_path)
+    paragraphs: list[dict] = []
+    para_idx = 0
+    max_pages = min(max_pages, len(doc))
+
+    for page_num in range(max_pages):
+        page = doc.load_page(page_num)
+        page_text = page.get_text("text").strip()
+        if not page_text:
+            continue
+
+        # 按双换行分割段落
+        blocks = page_text.split("\n\n")
+        for block in blocks:
+            block = block.strip()
+            if len(block) < 20:
+                continue
+            para_idx += 1
+            paragraphs.append(
+                {
+                    "id": f"p-{para_idx}",
+                    "type": "paragraph",
+                    "content": block[:2000],
+                    "pageNumber": page_num + 1,
+                }
+            )
+
+    doc.close()
+    return paragraphs
diff --git a/docs/plans/2026-03-23-paper-sense-making-integration-plan.md b/docs/plans/2026-03-23-paper-sense-making-integration-plan.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9f4233
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/plans/2026-03-23-paper-sense-making-integration-plan.md
@@ -0,0 +1,823 @@
+# PaperSenseMaking 整合 - 实施计划
+
+> **For Claude:** REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: Use superpowers:executing-plans to implement this plan task-by-task.
+
+**Goal:** 将 paper-sense-making 的认知重构理念融入 PaperMind，打造"阅读→理解→重构"的完整论文工作流
+
+**Architecture:**
+- 数据层: UserSchema + SensemakingSession 数据模型
+- 前端: PdfReader ToolPanel Tab 化 + Canvas MVP 可视化
+- 后端: Sensemaking API (Act 1/2/3 流程)
+- 翻译: 段落对照翻译 (MVP)
+
+**Tech Stack:** React 18 + TypeScript + FastAPI + SQLite + react-pdf + D3.js
+
+---
+
+## Phase 1: 基础层 (UserSchema + ToolPanel Tab 化)
+
+---
+
+### Task 1: 后端数据模型
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `apps/api/models/sensemaking.py`
+- Modify: `apps/api/models/__init__.py` (导出新模型)
+- Modify: `apps/api/main.py` (注册路由)
+- Test: `tests/test_sensemaking_models.py`
+
+**Step 1: 创建 sensemaking.py 数据模型**
+
+```python
+# apps/api/models/sensemaking.py
+from sqlalchemy import Column, String, JSON, Integer, DateTime, ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from apps.api.models.base import Base
+import datetime
+import uuid
+
+class UserSchema(Base):
+    """用户认知 Schema - 存储用户的学术背景和关注领域"""
+    __tablename__ = "user_schemas"
+
+    id = Column(String, primary_key=True, default=lambda: str(uuid.uuid4()))
+    user_id = Column(String, nullable=False, index=True)
+    name = Column(String, nullable=False)
+
+    # 研究方向
+    research_topics = Column(JSON, default=list)
+    # 学术背景
+    academic_level = Column(String, nullable=True)
+    # 当前挑战
+    current_challenges = Column(JSON, default=list)
+    # 信仰/立场
+    beliefs = Column(JSON, default=list)
+    # 知识缺口
+    knowledge_gaps = Column(JSON, default=list)
+
+    version = Column(Integer, default=1)
+    created_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
+    updated_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow, onupdate=datetime.utcnow)
+
+    # 关联
+    sessions = relationship("SensemakingSession", back_populates="user_schema")
+    interactions = relationship("SchemaPaperInteraction", back_populates="user_schema")
+
+
+class SensemakingSession(Base):
+    """论文认知重构会话"""
+    __tablename__ = "sensemaking_sessions"
+
+    id = Column(String, primary_key=True, default=lambda: str(uuid.uuid4()))
+    paper_id = Column(String, nullable=False, index=True)
+    user_schema_id = Column(String, ForeignKey("user_schemas.id"), nullable=False)
+
+    # 三幕结构
+    act1_comprehension = Column(JSON, nullable=True)
+    act2_collision = Column(JSON, nullable=True)
+    act3_reconstruction = Column(JSON, nullable=True)
+
+    status = Column(String, default="in_progress")
+    conversation_history = Column(JSON, default=list)
+
+    created_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
+    updated_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow, onupdate=datetime.utcnow)
+    completed_at = Column(DateTime, nullable=True)
+
+    # 关联
+    user_schema = relationship("UserSchema", back_populates="sessions")
+
+
+class SchemaPaperInteraction(Base):
+    """用户 Schema 与论文的交互记录"""
+    __tablename__ = "schema_paper_interactions"
+
+    id = Column(String, primary_key=True, default=lambda: str(uuid.uuid4()))
+    user_schema_id = Column(String, ForeignKey("user_schemas.id"), nullable=False)
+    paper_id = Column(String, nullable=False, index=True)
+
+    interaction_type = Column(String, nullable=False)
+    cognitive_delta = Column(JSON, nullable=True)
+
+    created_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
+
+    # 关联
+    user_schema = relationship("UserSchema", back_populates="interactions")
+```
+
+**Step 2: 导出新模型**
+
+修改 `apps/api/models/__init__.py`:
+```python
+from apps.api.models.sensemaking import UserSchema, SensemakingSession, SchemaPaperInteraction
+
+__all__ = [
+    # ... existing
+    "UserSchema",
+    "SensemakingSession",
+    "SchemaPaperInteraction",
+]
+```
+
+**Step 3: 创建 sensemaking 路由**
+
+```python
+# apps/api/routes/sensemaking.py
+from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from typing import Optional
+from apps.api.models.sensemaking import UserSchema, SensemakingSession, SchemaPaperInteraction
+from apps.api.db import get_db
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/sensemaking", tags=["sensemaking"])
+
+class UserSchemaCreate(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    research_topics: list[str] = []
+    academic_level: Optional[str] = None
+    current_challenges: list[str] = []
+    beliefs: list[str] = []
+    knowledge_gaps: list[str] = []
+
+class SensemakingSessionCreate(BaseModel):
+    paper_id: str
+    user_schema_id: str
+
+# TODO: 实现 CRUD API
+```
+
+**Step 4: 注册路由**
+
+修改 `apps/api/main.py`:
+```python
+from apps.api.routes import sensemaking
+app.include_router(sensemaking.router)
+```
+
+---
+
+### Task 2: 前端 ToolPanel 组件
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `frontend/src/hooks/useSelectedText.ts`
+- Create: `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/ToolPanel.tsx`
+- Create: `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/ToolPanelTab.tsx`
+- Create: `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/TranslationPanel.tsx`
+- Create: `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/AggregationPanel.tsx`
+- Create: `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/CanvasPanel.tsx`
+- Modify: `frontend/src/components/PdfReader.tsx`
+- Test: `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/ToolPanel.test.tsx`
+
+**Step 1: 创建 useSelectedText Hook**
+
+```typescript
+// frontend/src/hooks/useSelectedText.ts
+import { useState, useCallback, useEffect } from 'react';
+
+export function useSelectedText() {
+  const [selectedText, setSelectedText] = useState('');
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const handler = () => {
+      const sel = window.getSelection()?.toString().trim();
+      if (sel && sel.length > 2) {
+        setSelectedText(sel);
+      }
+    };
+    document.addEventListener('mouseup', handler);
+    return () => document.removeEventListener('mouseup', handler);
+  }, []);
+
+  return selectedText;
+}
+```
+
+**Step 2: 创建 ToolPanel Tab 系统**
+
+```typescript
+// frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/ToolPanel.tsx
+import { useState } from 'react';
+import { PanelLeftClose, PanelLeft, Languages, Sparkles, GitBranch } from 'lucide-react';
+
+export type TabId = 'translation' | 'aggregation' | 'canvas';
+
+interface Tab {
+  id: TabId;
+  label: string;
+  icon: React.ReactNode;
+}
+
+const TABS: Tab[] = [
+  { id: 'translation', label: '翻译', icon: <Languages className="h-4 w-4" /> },
+  { id: 'aggregation', label: 'AI聚合', icon: <Sparkles className="h-4 w-4" /> },
+  { id: 'canvas', label: 'Canvas', icon: <GitBranch className="h-4 w-4" /> },
+];
+
+interface ToolPanelProps {
+  selectedText: string;
+  paperId: string;
+  children: {
+    translation: React.ReactNode;
+    aggregation: React.ReactNode;
+    canvas: React.ReactNode;
+  };
+}
+
+export function ToolPanel({ selectedText, paperId, children }: ToolPanelProps) {
+  const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<TabId>('translation');
+  const [collapsed, setCollapsed] = useState(false);
+
+  if (collapsed) {
+    return (
+      <button
+        onClick={() => setCollapsed(false)}
+        className="flex h-full w-12 flex-col items-center gap-2 border-l border-white/10 bg-[#1e1e2e] py-4"
+      >
+        <PanelLeft className="h-5 w-5 text-white/40" />
+        {TABS.map(tab => (
+          <button
+            key={tab.id}
+            onClick={() => { setActiveTab(tab.id); setCollapsed(false); }}
+            className="rounded p-2 text-white/40 hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white"
+            title={tab.label}
+          >
+            {tab.icon}
+          </button>
+        ))}
+      </button>
+    );
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <div className="relative flex h-full flex-col border-l border-white/10 bg-[#1e1e2e] transition-all duration-300"
+         style={{ width: collapsed ? 48 : 384 }}>
+      {/* 头部 */}
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-white/10 px-4 py-3">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+          {TABS.map(tab => (
+            <button
+              key={tab.id}
+              onClick={() => setActiveTab(tab.id)}
+              className={`flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-sm transition-colors ${
+                activeTab === tab.id
+                  ? 'bg-primary/20 text-primary'
+                  : 'text-white/60 hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white'
+              }`}
+            >
+              {tab.icon}
+              <span className="hidden sm:inline">{tab.label}</span>
+            </button>
+          ))}
+        </div>
+        <button
+          onClick={() => setCollapsed(true)}
+          className="rounded p-1.5 text-white/40 hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white"
+        >
+          <PanelLeftClose className="h-4 w-4" />
+        </button>
+      </div>
+
+      {/* 内容区 */}
+      <div className="flex-1 overflow-auto">
+        {activeTab === 'translation' && children.translation}
+        {activeTab === 'aggregation' && children.aggregation}
+        {activeTab === 'canvas' && children.canvas}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+**Step 3: 改造 PdfReader.tsx**
+
+修改 `frontend/src/components/PdfReader.tsx`:
+```typescript
+// 1. 添加导入
+import { ToolPanel } from './ToolPanel/ToolPanel';
+import { TranslationPanel } from './ToolPanel/TranslationPanel';
+import { AggregationPanel } from './ToolPanel/AggregationPanel';
+import { CanvasPanel } from './ToolPanel/CanvasPanel';
+import { useSelectedText } from '@/hooks/useSelectedText';
+
+// 2. 替换右侧 AI Panel
+// 旧代码 (line 391-504):
+// {/* AI 侧边栏 */}
+// <div className={`relative mt-12 border-l ...`}>
+//   ...
+// </div>
+
+// 新代码:
+// 替换为 ToolPanel
+<div className={`relative mt-12 border-l border-white/10 transition-all duration-300 ${
+  aiPanelOpen ? "w-96" : "w-0"
+} overflow-hidden`}>
+  {aiPanelOpen && (
+    <ToolPanel selectedText={selectedText} paperId={paperId}>
+      {{
+        translation: <TranslationPanel selectedText={selectedText} paperId={paperId} />,
+        aggregation: <AggregationPanel selectedText={selectedText} paperId={paperId} />,
+        canvas: <CanvasPanel paperId={paperId} paperTitle={paperTitle} />,
+      }}
+    </ToolPanel>
+  )}
+</div>
+```
+
+---
+
+### Task 3: TranslationPanel (迁移现有 AI Panel 逻辑)
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/TranslationPanel.tsx`
+
+**Step 1: 创建 TranslationPanel**
+
+```typescript
+// frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/TranslationPanel.tsx
+import { useState, useCallback } from 'react';
+import { Loader2, Copy, Check, Languages } from 'lucide-react';
+import Markdown from '@/components/Markdown';
+import { paperApi } from '@/services/api';
+
+type AiAction = 'explain' | 'translate' | 'summarize';
+
+interface AiResult {
+  action: AiAction;
+  text: string;
+  result: string;
+}
+
+interface TranslationPanelProps {
+  selectedText: string;
+  paperId: string;
+}
+
+export function TranslationPanel({ selectedText, paperId }: TranslationPanelProps) {
+  const [aiLoading, setAiLoading] = useState(false);
+  const [aiResults, setAiResults] = useState<AiResult[]>([]);
+  const [copiedIdx, setCopiedIdx] = useState<number | null>(null);
+
+  const handleAiAction = useCallback(async (action: AiAction, text?: string) => {
+    const t = text || selectedText;
+    if (!t) return;
+    setAiLoading(true);
+    try {
+      const res = await paperApi.aiExplain(paperId, t, action);
+      setAiResults((prev) => [{ action, text: t.slice(0, 100), result: res.result }, ...prev]);
+    } catch (err) {
+      const msg = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+      setAiResults((prev) => [{ action, text: t.slice(0, 100), result: `错误: ${msg}` }, ...prev]);
+    } finally {
+      setAiLoading(false);
+    }
+  }, [paperId, selectedText]);
+
+  const handleCopy = useCallback((idx: number, text: string) => {
+    navigator.clipboard.writeText(text);
+    setCopiedIdx(idx);
+    setTimeout(() => setCopiedIdx(null), 2000);
+  }, []);
+
+  const actionLabels: Record<AiAction, { label: string; color: string }> = {
+    explain: { label: '解释', color: 'text-amber-600 bg-amber-50' },
+    translate: { label: '翻译', color: 'text-blue-600 bg-blue-50' },
+    summarize: { label: '总结', color: 'text-emerald-600 bg-emerald-50' },
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col">
+      {/* 快捷操作 */}
+      {selectedText && (
+        <div className="border-b border-white/10 px-4 py-3">
+          <p className="mb-2 text-xs text-white/40">选中文本</p>
+          <p className="mb-3 line-clamp-3 rounded-md bg-white/5 p-2 text-xs leading-relaxed text-white/70">
+            {selectedText}
+          </p>
+          <div className="flex gap-2">
+            <button onClick={() => handleAiAction('explain')} disabled={aiLoading}
+              className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-amber-500/10 py-1.5 text-xs text-amber-300 hover:bg-amber-500/20">
+              解释
+            </button>
+            <button onClick={() => handleAiAction('translate')} disabled={aiLoading}
+              className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-blue-500/10 py-1.5 text-xs text-blue-300 hover:bg-blue-500/20">
+              翻译
+            </button>
+            <button onClick={() => handleAiAction('summarize')} disabled={aiLoading}
+              className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-emerald-500/10 py-1.5 text-xs text-emerald-300 hover:bg-emerald-500/20">
+              总结
+            </button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
+      {/* 结果列表 */}
+      <div className="flex-1 overflow-auto px-4 py-3">
+        {aiLoading && (
+          <div className="mb-4 flex items-center gap-2 rounded-lg border border-primary/20 bg-primary/5 px-3 py-2">
+            <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin text-primary" />
+            <span className="text-xs text-primary">AI 分析中...</span>
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {aiResults.length === 0 && !aiLoading && (
+          <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-3 pt-12 text-center">
+            <Languages className="h-10 w-10 text-white/10" />
+            <p className="text-sm text-white/40">选中论文文本</p>
+            <p className="text-xs text-white/20">即可使用 AI 解释、翻译、总结</p>
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {aiResults.map((r, i) => (
+          <div key={i} className="mb-4 overflow-hidden rounded-xl border border-white/[.08]">
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-white/[.06] px-3.5 py-2">
+              <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full px-2.5 py-1 text-[11px] font-medium ${r.action === 'explain' ? 'bg-amber-500/10 text-amber-300' : r.action === 'translate' ? 'bg-blue-500/10 text-blue-300' : 'bg-emerald-500/10 text-emerald-300'}`}>
+                {actionLabels[r.action].label}
+              </span>
+              <button onClick={() => handleCopy(i, r.result)} className="rounded-md p-1 text-white/20 hover:bg-white/10">
+                {copiedIdx === i ? <Check className="h-3.5 w-3.5 text-emerald-400" /> : <Copy className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />}
+              </button>
+            </div>
+            <div className="border-b border-white/[.04] px-3.5 py-2">
+              <p className="line-clamp-2 border-l-2 border-white/10 pl-2.5 text-[11px] leading-relaxed text-white/30 italic">
+                {r.text}
+              </p>
+            </div>
+            <div className="px-3.5 py-3">
+              <Markdown className="pdf-ai-markdown">{r.result}</Markdown>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        ))}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+### Task 4: AggregationPanel (集成 feat/ieee 多源搜索)
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/AggregationPanel.tsx`
+
+**Step 1: 创建 AggregationPanel**
+
+```typescript
+// frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/AggregationPanel.tsx
+// 从 feat/ieee 分支迁移 MultiSourceSearchBar 和 SearchResultsList 相关逻辑
+// 具体实现略，参考 docs/plans/2026-03-23-multi-source-implementation.md
+```
+
+---
+
+## Phase 2: Sensemaking 核心流程 + Canvas MVP
+
+---
+
+### Task 5: CanvasPanel MVP (Before/After 对比视图)
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/CanvasPanel.tsx`
+- Create: `frontend/src/components/SensemakingCanvas/DeltaCard.tsx`
+- Modify: `apps/api/routes/sensemaking.py`
+- Test: `frontend/src/components/SensemakingCanvas/DeltaCard.test.tsx`
+
+**Step 1: 创建 DeltaCard 组件**
+
+```typescript
+// frontend/src/components/SensemakingCanvas/DeltaCard.tsx
+interface DeltaCardProps {
+  label: string;
+  content: string;
+  variant: 'before' | 'after' | 'delta';
+}
+
+export function DeltaCard({ label, content, variant }: DeltaCardProps) {
+  const colors = {
+    before: 'border-white/20 bg-white/5',
+    after: 'border-primary/30 bg-primary/5',
+    delta: 'border-amber-500/30 bg-amber-500/5',
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className={`rounded-xl border p-4 ${colors[variant]}`}>
+      <p className="mb-2 text-xs font-medium text-white/40">{label}</p>
+      <p className="text-sm leading-relaxed text-white/80">{content || '...'}</p>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+**Step 2: 创建 CanvasPanel**
+
+```typescript
+// frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/CanvasPanel.tsx
+import { useState } from 'react';
+import { DeltaCard } from '@/components/SensemakingCanvas/DeltaCard';
+import { ArrowRight } from 'lucide-react';
+
+interface Act3Reconstruction {
+  before: string;
+  after: string;
+  delta: string;
+  one_change: string;
+}
+
+interface CanvasPanelProps {
+  paperId: string;
+  paperTitle: string;
+}
+
+export function CanvasPanel({ paperId, paperTitle }: CanvasPanelProps) {
+  const [sessionId, setSessionId] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [act3, setAct3] = useState<Act3Reconstruction | null>(null);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
+
+  // TODO: 从后端加载 session 数据
+  const loadSession = async () => {
+    setLoading(true);
+    // await fetch(`/api/sensemaking/sessions?paper_id=${paperId}`)
+    setLoading(false);
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col gap-4 p-4">
+      <div className="text-center">
+        <h3 className="text-lg font-medium text-white/90">{paperTitle}</h3>
+        <p className="text-xs text-white/40">认知重构工作台</p>
+      </div>
+
+      {!act3 ? (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col items-center justify-center gap-4">
+          <p className="text-sm text-white/60">开始你的认知重构之旅</p>
+          <button
+            onClick={() => {/* TODO: 启动 Sensemaking 流程 */}}
+            className="rounded-full bg-primary/20 px-6 py-2 text-sm text-primary hover:bg-primary/30"
+          >
+            开始阅读理解
+          </button>
+        </div>
+      ) : (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col gap-4 overflow-auto">
+          {/* Before */}
+          <DeltaCard label="阅读前" content={act3.before} variant="before" />
+
+          {/* Arrow */}
+          <div className="flex items-center justify-center">
+            <ArrowRight className="h-5 w-5 text-primary" />
+          </div>
+
+          {/* After */}
+          <DeltaCard label="阅读后" content={act3.after} variant="after" />
+
+          {/* Delta */}
+          <DeltaCard label="认知变化" content={act3.delta} variant="delta" />
+
+          {/* One Change */}
+          <div className="rounded-xl border border-emerald-500/30 bg-emerald-500/5 p-4">
+            <p className="mb-2 text-xs font-medium text-emerald-400">我的承诺</p>
+            <p className="text-sm text-emerald-300">{act3.one_change}</p>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+### Task 6: Sensemaking API (Act 1/2/3 流程)
+
+**Files:**
+- Modify: `apps/api/routes/sensemaking.py`
+- Create: `apps/api/services/sensemaking.py`
+- Test: `tests/test_sensemaking_api.py`
+
+**Step 1: 实现 SensemakingService**
+
+```python
+# apps/api/services/sensemaking.py
+from apps.api.models.sensemaking import SensemakingSession, UserSchema
+from apps.api.db import get_db
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from typing import Optional
+import json
+
+class SensemakingService:
+    def __init__(self, db: Session):
+        self.db = db
+
+    def create_session(self, paper_id: str, user_schema_id: str) -> SensemakingSession:
+        session = SensemakingSession(
+            paper_id=paper_id,
+            user_schema_id=user_schema_id,
+            status="in_progress"
+        )
+        self.db.add(session)
+        self.db.commit()
+        self.db.refresh(session)
+        return session
+
+    def update_act1(self, session_id: str, act1_data: dict) -> SensemakingSession:
+        session = self.db.query(SensemakingSession).filter_by(id=session_id).first()
+        session.act1_comprehension = act1_data
+        self.db.commit()
+        self.db.refresh(session)
+        return session
+
+    def update_act2(self, session_id: str, act2_data: dict) -> SensemakingSession:
+        session = self.db.query(SensemakingSession).filter_by(id=session_id).first()
+        session.act2_collision = act2_data
+        self.db.commit()
+        self.db.refresh(session)
+        return session
+
+    def complete_act3(self, session_id: str, act3_data: dict) -> SensemakingSession:
+        session = self.db.query(SensemakingSession).filter_by(id=session_id).first()
+        session.act3_reconstruction = act3_data
+        session.status = "completed"
+        from datetime import datetime
+        session.completed_at = datetime.utcnow()
+        self.db.commit()
+        self.db.refresh(session)
+        return session
+
+    def get_sessions_by_paper(self, paper_id: str) -> list[SensemakingSession]:
+        return self.db.query(SensemakingSession).filter_by(paper_id=paper_id).all()
+```
+
+---
+
+## Phase 3: 全文对照翻译 (MVP)
+
+---
+
+### Task 7: 段落对照翻译 API
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `apps/api/routes/translate.py`
+- Create: `apps/api/services/translate.py`
+- Modify: `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/TranslationPanel.tsx`
+- Test: `tests/test_translate_api.py`
+
+**Step 1: 创建翻译服务**
+
+```python
+# apps/api/services/translate.py
+from apps.api.services.llm import LLMService
+
+class TranslateService:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.llm = LLMService()
+
+    async def translate_paragraph(self, text: str, target_lang: str = "zh") -> str:
+        prompt = f"""Translate the following academic text to {target_lang}.
+        Maintain the academic tone and technical terminology.
+
+        Text:
+        {text}
+
+        Translation:"""
+
+        result = await self.llm.generate(prompt)
+        return result
+
+    async def translate_full_paper_segments(self, segments: list[dict], target_lang: str = "zh") -> list[dict]:
+        """翻译论文分段
+
+        Args:
+            segments: [{"id": "1", "type": "paragraph", "content": "..."}, ...]
+            target_lang: 目标语言
+
+        Returns:
+            [{"id": "1", "type": "paragraph", "content": "...", "translation": "..."}, ...]
+        """
+        results = []
+        for seg in segments:
+            translation = await self.translate_paragraph(seg["content"], target_lang)
+            results.append({
+                **seg,
+                "translation": translation
+            })
+        return results
+```
+
+**Step 2: 创建翻译路由**
+
+```python
+# apps/api/routes/translate.py
+from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from typing import Optional
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/translate", tags=["translate"])
+
+class TranslateRequest(BaseModel):
+    text: str
+    target_lang: str = "zh"
+
+class TranslateResponse(BaseModel):
+    original: str
+    translation: str
+
+@router.post("/selection", response_model=TranslateResponse)
+async def translate_selection(req: TranslateRequest):
+    """翻译选中文字"""
+    # TODO: 实现
+    pass
+
+@router.post("/paragraph")
+async def translate_paragraph(text: str, target_lang: str = "zh"):
+    """翻译段落"""
+    # TODO: 实现
+    pass
+
+@router.post("/segments")
+async def translate_segments(segments: list[dict], target_lang: str = "zh"):
+    """翻译论文分段（返回对照翻译）"""
+    # TODO: 实现
+    pass
+```
+
+---
+
+### Task 8: 段落对照翻译前端
+
+**Files:**
+- Modify: `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/TranslationPanel.tsx`
+
+**Step 1: 添加段落对照翻译模式**
+
+```typescript
+// frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/TranslationPanel.tsx
+
+interface TranslationPanelProps {
+  selectedText: string;
+  paperId: string;
+}
+
+export function TranslationPanel({ selectedText, paperId }: TranslationPanelProps) {
+  const [mode, setMode] = useState<'selection' | 'paragraph'>('selection');
+  // ... existing state
+
+  // 段落对照翻译
+  const [segments, setSegments] = useState<Array<{
+    id: string;
+    type: 'paragraph' | 'figure';
+    content: string;
+    translation?: string;
+  }>>([]);
+
+  const handleTranslateFull = async () => {
+    // TODO: 调用 /api/translate/segments 获取分段翻译
+    const res = await fetch(`/api/papers/${paperId}/segments`);
+    const data = await res.json();
+    setSegments(data.segments);
+    setMode('paragraph');
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col">
+      {/* 模式切换 */}
+      <div className="flex gap-2 border-b border-white/10 px-4 py-2">
+        <button
+          onClick={() => setMode('selection')}
+          className={`text-xs ${mode === 'selection' ? 'text-primary' : 'text-white/40'}`}
+        >
+          划词翻译
+        </button>
+        <button
+          onClick={handleTranslateFull}
+          className={`text-xs ${mode === 'paragraph' ? 'text-primary' : 'text-white/40'}`}
+        >
+          全文对照
+        </button>
+      </div>
+
+      {/* 模式内容 */}
+      {mode === 'selection' ? (
+        // 现有划词翻译 UI
+        <SelectionTranslation selectedText={selectedText} ... />
+      ) : (
+        // 段落对照翻译 UI
+        <ParagraphTranslation segments={segments} ... />
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## 执行选项
+
+**Plan complete and saved to `docs/plans/2026-03-23-paper-sense-making-integration-plan.md`.**
+
+**Two execution options:**
+
+**1. Subagent-Driven (this session)** - I dispatch fresh subagent per task, review between tasks, fast iteration
+
+**2. Parallel Session (separate)** - Open new session with executing-plans, batch execution with checkpoints
+
+**Which approach?**
diff --git a/docs/plans/2026-03-23-paper-sense-making-integration.md b/docs/plans/2026-03-23-paper-sense-making-integration.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b13d0b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/plans/2026-03-23-paper-sense-making-integration.md
@@ -0,0 +1,420 @@
+# PaperSenseMaking 整合设计文档
+
+> **For Claude:** REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: Use superpowers:executing-plans to implement this plan task-by-task.
+
+**Goal:** 将 paper-sense-making 的认知重构理念融入 PaperMind，打造"阅读→理解→重构"的完整论文工作流。
+
+**Architecture:**
+- **Phase 1**: User Schema 数据模型 + ToolPanel Tab 化改造
+- **Phase 2**: SensemakingSession 流程（Act 1/2/3）+ Canvas 可视化
+- **Phase 3**: PDF 双栏对照翻译（全文模式）
+
+**Tech Stack:** React 18, FastAPI, SQLite, react-pdf, LLM (GLM-4), Canvas (D3.js/two.js)
+
+---
+
+## 1. 概念映射
+
+### paper-sense-making → PaperMind
+
+| paper-sense-making 概念 | PaperMind 实现 | 位置 |
+|------------------------|---------------|------|
+| Module 2: PaperSensemaking | PDF 阅读器 + ToolPanel (Sensemaking Tab) | PdfReader.tsx 改造 |
+| Module 4: User Schema | UserSchema 数据模型 | 新建 models |
+| Module 5: SensemakingCanvas | 右侧面板 Canvas 可视化 | 新建组件 |
+| Act 1: Comprehension | Paper 阅读 + 核心观点提取 | ToolPanel Tab |
+| Act 2: Collision | 用户 Schema vs Paper 挑战 | ToolPanel Tab |
+| Act 3: Reconstruction | Before/After Delta + Canvas | ToolPanel Tab + Canvas |
+
+---
+
+## 2. 数据模型设计
+
+### 2.1 UserSchema (新建)
+
+```python
+# apps/api/models/sensemaking.py
+
+class UserSchema(Base):
+    """用户认知 Schema - 存储用户的学术背景和关注领域"""
+    __tablename__ = "user_schemas"
+
+    id = Column(String, primary_key=True)
+    user_id = Column(String, nullable=False, index=True)  # 预留多用户支持
+    name = Column(String, nullable=False)  # Schema 名称，如"深度学习研究"
+
+    # 核心关注点 - 研究方向
+    research_topics = Column(JSON, default=list)  # ["深度学习", "强化学习", "NLP"]
+
+    # 学术背景 - 研究层次
+    academic_level = Column(String, nullable=True)  # "PhD", "Master", "Industry"
+
+    # 研究阶段 - 当前正在攻克的难题
+    current_challenges = Column(JSON, default=list)  # ["如何提升模型泛化性"]
+
+    # 信仰/立场 - 对某些技术路线的看法
+    beliefs = Column(JSON, default=list)  # ["Transformer 比 CNN 更好", "LLM 需要符号推理"]
+
+    # 知识缺口 - 想要补充的方向
+    knowledge_gaps = Column(JSON, default=list)  # ["因果推理", "神经符号"]
+
+    # Schema 版本，用于追踪变化
+    version = Column(Integer, default=1)
+    created_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
+    updated_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow, onupdate=datetime.utcnow)
+```
+
+### 2.2 SensemakingSession (新建)
+
+```python
+class SensemakingSession(Base):
+    """论文认知重构会话 - 存储完整的认知重构过程"""
+    __tablename__ = "sensemaking_sessions"
+
+    id = Column(String, primary_key=True)
+    paper_id = Column(String, nullable=False, index=True)
+    user_schema_id = Column(String, ForeignKey("user_schemas.id"), nullable=False)
+
+    # 三幕结构数据 (Act 1/2/3)
+    act1_comprehension = Column(JSON, nullable=True)
+    act2_collision = Column(JSON, nullable=True)
+    act3_reconstruction = Column(JSON, nullable=True)
+
+    # 元数据
+    status = Column(String, default="in_progress")  # in_progress, completed, abandoned
+    created_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
+    updated_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow, onupdate=datetime.utcnow)
+    completed_at = Column(DateTime, nullable=True)
+
+    # 关联的 AI 对话历史 (可选)
+    conversation_history = Column(JSON, default=list)
+```
+
+### 2.3 Schema-M-Paper (关联表)
+
+```python
+class SchemaPaperInteraction(Base):
+    """用户 Schema 与论文的交互记录"""
+    __tablename__ = "schema_paper_interactions"
+
+    id = Column(String, primary_key=True)
+    user_schema_id = Column(String, ForeignKey("user_schemas.id"), nullable=False)
+    paper_id = Column(String, nullable=False, index=True)
+
+    # 交互类型
+    interaction_type = Column(String, nullable=False)  # "viewed", "sensemaking_completed", "challenged"
+
+    # 用户对这篇论文的认知变化
+    cognitive_delta = Column(JSON, nullable=True)  # {"before": "...", "after": "...", "change": "..."}
+
+    created_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
+```
+
+---
+
+## 3. 前端架构设计
+
+### 3.1 PDF 阅读器改造
+
+**文件:** `frontend/src/components/PdfReader.tsx` (改造)
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  Toolbar: 标题 | 页码 | 缩放 | 全屏          [选中文字] [工具按钮] │
+├─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────┤
+│                             │  ToolPanel (可折叠/展开)          │
+│   PDF 阅读区                  │  ┌─────────────────────────────┐ │
+│   (连续滚动模式)              │  │ [翻译] [AI聚合] [Canvas]    │ │
+│                             │  ├─────────────────────────────┤ │
+│                             │  │                             │ │
+│                             │  │     活动 Tab 内容区          │ │
+│                             │  │     (支持滚动)               │ │
+│                             │  │                             │ │
+│                             │  └─────────────────────────────┘ │
+└─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**ToolPanel Tab 结构:**
+
+| Tab | 功能 | 状态 |
+|-----|------|------|
+| 翻译 | 划词翻译 / 全文对照翻译 | 改造 (现有 AI Panel) |
+| AI聚合 | 多源搜索 / 论文摘要 | 集成 feat/ieee |
+| Canvas | Sensemaking 可视化 | 新开发 |
+
+**关键改造点:**
+
+1. **右侧 AI Panel → TabPanel**
+   - 固定宽度 384px → 可拖拽调整
+   - 支持 Tab 切换
+   - Tab 内容区域独立滚动
+
+2. **选中文字 → 全局状态**
+   - 新增 `useSelectedText` hook
+   - 选中文字后自动同步到 ToolPanel
+   - ToolPanel 各 Tab 都能访问选中文字
+
+3. **PdfReaderProps 扩展**
+   ```typescript
+   interface PdfReaderProps {
+     // ... 现有 props
+     userSchemaId?: string;  // 当前用户的 Schema ID
+     onSensemakingStart?: (paperId: string) => void;  // 开始认知重构
+   }
+   ```
+
+### 3.2 新建组件
+
+**1. ToolPanel.tsx** (新建)
+```
+frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/
+├── ToolPanel.tsx        # 主容器，Tab 管理
+├── ToolPanelTab.tsx     # Tab 按钮
+├── TranslationPanel.tsx # 翻译 Tab 内容
+├── AggregationPanel.tsx # AI聚合 Tab 内容 (feat/ieee 迁移)
+└── CanvasPanel.tsx      # Canvas Tab 内容
+```
+
+**2. SensemakingCanvas.tsx** (新建)
+```
+frontend/src/components/SensemakingCanvas/
+├── SensemakingCanvas.tsx      # Canvas 主组件
+├── DeltaVisualization.tsx     # Before/After Delta 可视化
+└── CognitiveGraph.tsx         # 认知图谱 (D3.js)
+```
+
+**3. UserSchemaEditor.tsx** (新建)
+- 用于创建/编辑 User Schema
+- 位置: `/settings/schema` 或 `/profile/schema`
+
+---
+
+## 4. 全文对照翻译方案
+
+### 4.1 需求分析
+
+大白想要的"全文对照翻译"：
+- 保持原文的排版（段落、标题层级）
+- 保持原文的图片、公式、表格位置
+- 左边原文，右边翻译，同步滚动
+
+### 4.2 技术挑战
+
+1. **PDF 内容提取**
+   - react-pdf 的 Document 渲染后是 Canvas，无法直接获取文本坐标
+   - 需要额外解析：pdf.js 的 TextContent API 或 pdfminer
+
+2. **双栏同步滚动**
+   - 原文和翻译的段落需要一一对应
+   - 用户滚动一边，另一边自动同步
+   - 鼠标悬停高亮对应段落
+
+3. **图片/公式处理**
+   - 公式通常是图片或 MathML
+   - 扫描版 PDF 整个页面都是图片
+
+### 4.3 实现方案 (MVP → Full)
+
+**MVP 方案: 段落对照模式**
+
+```
+┌────────────────────┬────────────────────┐
+│  Section 1        │  第一部分           │
+│  (原文)            │  (翻译)            │
+│                    │                    │
+│  This is a para... │  这是一段文字...    │
+├────────────────────┼────────────────────┤
+│  [Figure 1]        │  [Figure 1]        │
+│  (原图)            │  (原图)            │
+├────────────────────┼────────────────────┤
+│  Section 2        │  第二部分           │
+│  (原文)            │  (翻译)            │
+└────────────────────┴────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**实现步骤:**
+
+1. **Phase 1 (MVP)**: 划词翻译
+   - 选中文字 → 调用翻译 API → 显示浮层翻译
+   - 不改变 PDF 阅读体验
+
+2. **Phase 2**: 段级对照翻译
+   - 调用 LLM 翻译文档，返回分段翻译
+   - 双栏显示，段落一一对应
+   - PDF 渲染为单栏，翻译面板在右侧
+
+3. **Phase 3**: 全文对照翻译
+   - 完整保留 PDF 排版
+   - 左右分栏同步滚动
+   - 图片/公式位置对应
+
+### 4.4 API 设计
+
+```python
+# 翻译 API (新增)
+@router.post("/papers/{paper_id}/translate")
+async def translate_paper(
+    paper_id: str,
+    mode: str = "selection",  # "selection" | "paragraph" | "full"
+    text: str = None,
+    target_lang: str = "zh"
+):
+    """翻译论文内容"""
+    # mode=selection: 翻译选中文字
+    # mode=paragraph: 翻译整个段落
+    # mode=full: 翻译整篇论文 (返回分段翻译结果)
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5. Sensemaking 流程设计
+
+### 5.1 Act 1: Comprehension (理解)
+
+**目标:** 提取论文的核心观点，理解论文在说什么
+
+**交互流程:**
+1. 用户在 PDF 阅读器中点击 "Canvas" Tab
+2. 系统展示论文基本信息 (标题、作者、摘要)
+3. 用户选择 "开始阅读" → 进入 Comprehension 模式
+4. 系统引导用户:
+   - "这篇论文的核心观点是什么？"
+   - "作者是如何论证的？"
+   - "你从中学习到了什么？"
+5. 用户输入，系统记录到 `act1_comprehension`
+
+**数据结构:**
+```json
+{
+  "core_claim": "Transformers are better than CNNs for NLP tasks",
+  "learning_mechanism": "Through self-attention mechanism",
+  "user_perspective": "I agree because...",
+  "notes": ["key point 1", "key point 2"]
+}
+```
+
+### 5.2 Act 2: Collision (碰撞)
+
+**目标:** 识别论文观点与用户已有认知的冲突/一致
+
+**触发条件:** 需要用户 Schema 信息
+
+**交互流程:**
+1. 系统根据 User Schema 推断用户的现有观点
+2. 系统展示论文观点 vs 用户观点的对比
+3. 用户识别摩擦点 (Friction Points):
+   - "论文说 A，我认为 B"
+   - "论文论证方法有漏洞"
+   - "我的实验数据和论文结论矛盾"
+4. 用户表明立场 (Stance): 支持/反对/中立
+5. 记录到 `act2_collision`
+
+**数据结构:**
+```json
+{
+  "user_schema_before": "I believe transformers are not suitable for small datasets",
+  "paper_challenge": "This paper shows transformers can work well with small data via pre-training",
+  "friction_points": [
+    "Data efficiency assumption vs my experience"
+  ],
+  "user_stance": "neutral",
+  "user_reasoning": "The pre-training approach is interesting but requires extra resources",
+  "probe_exchange": [
+    {"role": "user", "content": "What about computational cost?"},
+    {"role": "assistant", "content": "..."}
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 5.3 Act 3: Reconstruction (重构)
+
+**目标:** 形成新的认知，理解论文如何改变了你对这个领域的理解
+
+**交互流程:**
+1. 系统展示 Before State (用户原来的认知)
+2. 用户描述 After State (阅读后的新认知)
+3. 系统计算 Delta (变化)
+4. 用户承诺一个改变 (One Change): "我要在下次实验中尝试..."
+5. 保存到 `act3_reconstruction`
+
+**数据结构:**
+```json
+{
+  "before": "Transformers need large datasets to perform well",
+  "after": "Transformers can work on small datasets with proper pre-training",
+  "delta": "Pre-training democratizes transformer usage",
+  "one_change": "I will pre-train on domain-specific corpus before fine-tuning"
+}
+```
+
+### 5.4 Canvas 可视化
+
+**Delta 可视化:**
+
+```
+  Before          Delta           After
+┌─────────┐    ┌─────────┐    ┌─────────┐
+│ ██████  │ → │ ████    │ → │ ████████│
+│ 旧认知   │    │ 变化点  │    │ 新认知   │
+└─────────┘    └─────────┘    └─────────┘
+```
+
+**认知图谱:**
+
+- 节点: 论文观点、用户信念、冲突点
+- 边: 支撑/反对/转化关系
+- 颜色: 论文观点(蓝) vs 用户信念(橙) vs 新认知(绿)
+
+---
+
+## 6. 实施计划
+
+### Phase 1: 基础层 (User Schema + ToolPanel Tab 化)
+
+| 任务 | 文件 | 描述 |
+|------|------|------|
+| T1.1 | `apps/api/models/sensemaking.py` | 新建 UserSchema, SensemakingSession 模型 |
+| T1.2 | `apps/api/routes/sensemaking.py` | 新建 CRUD API |
+| T1.3 | `frontend/src/hooks/useSelectedText.ts` | 新建选中文字 Hook |
+| T1.4 | `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/` | 新建 ToolPanel 组件 (Tab 化) |
+| T1.5 | `frontend/src/components/PdfReader.tsx` | 改造: 集成 ToolPanel |
+
+### Phase 2: 核心功能 (Sensemaking 流程 + Canvas)
+
+| 任务 | 文件 | 描述 |
+|------|------|------|
+| T2.1 | `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/CanvasPanel.tsx` | Canvas Tab 内容 |
+| T2.2 | `frontend/src/components/SensemakingCanvas/` | Canvas 可视化组件 |
+| T2.3 | `apps/api/routes/sensemaking.py` | Act 1/2/3 API 逻辑 |
+| T2.4 | `frontend/src/pages/Settings/` | UserSchema Editor 页面 |
+
+### Phase 3: 翻译增强 (全文对照)
+
+| 任务 | 文件 | 描述 |
+|------|------|------|
+| T3.1 | `apps/api/routes/translate.py` | 翻译 API (段级/全文) |
+| T3.2 | `frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/TranslationPanel.tsx` | 翻译 Tab 升级 |
+| T3.3 | `frontend/src/components/DualColumnPDF.tsx` | 双栏对照 PDF 组件 |
+
+---
+
+## 7. 优先级建议
+
+1. **T1.1-T1.3**: User Schema 模型 + API (半天)
+2. **T1.4-T1.5**: ToolPanel Tab 化 (1天)
+3. **T2.1-T2.3**: Sensemaking 流程 + Canvas (2天)
+4. **T2.4**: UserSchema Editor (0.5天)
+5. **T3.1-T3.3**: 全文对照翻译 (2天)
+
+**预计总工期: 5-6 天**
+
+---
+
+## 8. 确认决策
+
+- [x] **全文对照翻译**: 分期实现
+  - **Phase 1 (MVP)**: A - 段落对照模式
+  - **Phase 2 (必须实现)**: B - PDF 重渲染模式（完整保留 PDF 排版和图片）
+- [x] **Canvas 可视化**: 分期实现
+  - **Phase 1 (MVP)**: A - Before/After 简单对比视图
+  - **Phase 2 (必须实现)**: B - D3.js 认知图谱（节点+边+动画，可交互）
diff --git a/frontend/src/App.tsx b/frontend/src/App.tsx
index 8d450f2..0bdd6f4 100644
--- a/frontend/src/App.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/App.tsx
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ const Operations = lazy(() => import("@/pages/Operations"));
 const EmailSettings = lazy(() => import("@/pages/EmailSettings"));
 const Writing = lazy(() => import("@/pages/Writing"));
 const Statistics = lazy(() => import("@/pages/Statistics"));
+const Settings = lazy(() => import("@/pages/Settings"));
 
 import LoginPage from "@/pages/Login";
 import { isAuthenticated as checkAuth, clearAuth } from "@/services/api";
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ export default function App() {
 
           {/* 常见拼写重定向 */}
           <Route path="/briefs" element={<Navigate to="/brief" replace />} />
-          <Route path="/settings" element={<Navigate to="/collect" replace />} />
+          <Route path="/settings" element={<Suspense fallback={<PageFallback />}><Settings /></Suspense>} />
 
           {/* 404 */}
           <Route path="*" element={<NotFound />} />
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/PdfReader.tsx b/frontend/src/components/PdfReader.tsx
index b6a9eb7..e6caeaf 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/PdfReader.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/PdfReader.tsx
@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@ import { Document, Page, pdfjs } from "react-pdf";
 import "react-pdf/dist/Page/AnnotationLayer.css";
 import "react-pdf/dist/Page/TextLayer.css";
 import { paperApi } from "@/services/api";
-import Markdown from "@/components/Markdown";
+import { ToolPanel } from "./ToolPanel/ToolPanel";
+import { TranslationPanel } from "./ToolPanel/TranslationPanel";
+import { AggregationPanel } from "./ToolPanel/AggregationPanel";
+import { CanvasPanel } from "./ToolPanel/CanvasPanel";
 import {
   X,
   ZoomIn,
@@ -15,35 +18,23 @@ import {
   Maximize2,
   Minimize2,
   BookOpen,
-  Languages,
-  Lightbulb,
-  FileText,
   Loader2,
-  RotateCw,
-  MessageSquareText,
-  Sparkles,
-  Copy,
-  Check,
 } from "lucide-react";
 
-pdfjs.GlobalWorkerOptions.workerSrc = `https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/pdf.js/${pdfjs.version}/pdf.worker.min.mjs`;
+pdfjs.GlobalWorkerOptions.workerSrc = new URL(
+  "pdfjs-dist/build/pdf.worker.min.mjs",
+  import.meta.url
+).href;
 
 interface PdfReaderProps {
   paperId: string;
   paperTitle: string;
   paperArxivId?: string;  // arXiv ID（用于在线链接）
+  paperPdfPath?: string | null;  // 本地 PDF 路径
   onClose: () => void;
 }
 
-type AiAction = "explain" | "translate" | "summarize";
-
-interface AiResult {
-  action: AiAction;
-  text: string;
-  result: string;
-}
-
-export default function PdfReader({ paperId, paperTitle, paperArxivId, onClose }: PdfReaderProps) {
+export default function PdfReader({ paperId, paperTitle, paperArxivId, paperPdfPath, onClose }: PdfReaderProps) {
   const [numPages, setNumPages] = useState(0);
   const [currentPage, setCurrentPage] = useState(1);
   const [scale, setScale] = useState(1.2);
@@ -51,11 +42,7 @@ export default function PdfReader({ paperId, paperTitle, paperArxivId, onClose }
   const [loadError, setLoadError] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
   /* AI 侧栏 */
-  const [aiPanelOpen, setAiPanelOpen] = useState(false);
   const [selectedText, setSelectedText] = useState("");
-  const [aiLoading, setAiLoading] = useState(false);
-  const [aiResults, setAiResults] = useState<AiResult[]>([]);
-  const [copiedIdx, setCopiedIdx] = useState<number | null>(null);
 
   /* 页面输入 */
   const [pageInput, setPageInput] = useState("");
@@ -63,11 +50,23 @@ export default function PdfReader({ paperId, paperTitle, paperArxivId, onClose }
   const scrollRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const pageRefs = useRef<Map<number, HTMLDivElement>>(new Map());
 
-  // 混合加载：优先本地 PDF，没有则用后端代理访问 arXiv（解决 CORS 问题）
+  // 优先本地 PDF，没有则用 arXiv 在线代理
   const pdfUrl = useMemo(() => {
-    // 先尝试本地 PDF（如果有）
-    return paperApi.pdfUrl(paperId, paperArxivId);
-  }, [paperId, paperArxivId]);
+    const token = localStorage.getItem('auth_token') || '';
+    const tokenParam = token ? `?token=${encodeURIComponent(token)}` : '';
+    const base = import.meta.env.VITE_API_BASE || 'http://localhost:8000';
+
+    // 有本地 PDF 优先使用
+    if (paperPdfPath) {
+      return `${base}/papers/${paperId}/pdf${tokenParam}`;
+    }
+    // 没有本地 PDF 但有 arXiv ID，用在线代理
+    if (paperArxivId && !paperArxivId.startsWith('ss-')) {
+      return `${base}/papers/proxy-arxiv-pdf/${paperArxivId}${tokenParam}`;
+    }
+    // 最后尝试本地 PDF 端点
+    return `${base}/papers/${paperId}/pdf${tokenParam}`;
+  }, [paperId, paperArxivId, paperPdfPath]);
 
   /**
    * PDF 加载成功
@@ -176,30 +175,6 @@ export default function PdfReader({ paperId, paperTitle, paperArxivId, onClose }
     return () => document.removeEventListener("mouseup", handler);
   }, []);
 
-  /* AI 操作 */
-  const handleAiAction = useCallback(async (action: AiAction, text?: string) => {
-    const t = text || selectedText;
-    if (!t) return;
-    setAiPanelOpen(true);
-    setAiLoading(true);
-    try {
-      const res = await paperApi.aiExplain(paperId, t, action);
-      setAiResults((prev) => [{ action, text: t.slice(0, 100), result: res.result }, ...prev]);
-    } catch (err) {
-      const msg = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
-      setAiResults((prev) => [{ action, text: t.slice(0, 100), result: `错误: ${msg}` }, ...prev]);
-    } finally {
-      setAiLoading(false);
-    }
-  }, [paperId, selectedText]);
-
-  /* 复制 AI 结果 */
-  const handleCopy = useCallback((idx: number, text: string) => {
-    navigator.clipboard.writeText(text);
-    setCopiedIdx(idx);
-    setTimeout(() => setCopiedIdx(null), 2000);
-  }, []);
-
   /**
    * 注册页面 ref
    */
@@ -211,12 +186,6 @@ export default function PdfReader({ paperId, paperTitle, paperArxivId, onClose }
     }
   }, []);
 
-  const actionLabels: Record<AiAction, { label: string; icon: React.ReactNode; color: string }> = {
-    explain: { label: "AI 解释", icon: <Lightbulb className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />, color: "text-amber-600 bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-900/20" },
-    translate: { label: "翻译", icon: <Languages className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />, color: "text-blue-600 bg-blue-50 dark:bg-blue-900/20" },
-    summarize: { label: "总结", icon: <FileText className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />, color: "text-emerald-600 bg-emerald-50 dark:bg-emerald-900/20" },
-  };
-
   /* 生成页码数组 */
   const pages = useMemo(() => Array.from({ length: numPages }, (_, i) => i + 1), [numPages]);
 
@@ -269,39 +238,18 @@ export default function PdfReader({ paperId, paperTitle, paperArxivId, onClose }
           </button>
         </div>
 
-        {/* 右侧: AI 功能 & 关闭 */}
+        {/* 右侧: 关闭 */}
         <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
-          {selectedText && (
-            <div className="mr-2 flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full bg-white/10 px-2 py-1">
-              <span className="max-w-[120px] truncate text-xs text-white/60">{selectedText}</span>
-              <button onClick={() => handleAiAction("explain")} className="ai-action-btn bg-amber-500/20 text-amber-300 hover:bg-amber-500/30" title="AI 解释">
-                <Lightbulb className="h-3 w-3" />
-              </button>
-              <button onClick={() => handleAiAction("translate")} className="ai-action-btn bg-blue-500/20 text-blue-300 hover:bg-blue-500/30" title="翻译">
-                <Languages className="h-3 w-3" />
-              </button>
-              <button onClick={() => handleAiAction("summarize")} className="ai-action-btn bg-emerald-500/20 text-emerald-300 hover:bg-emerald-500/30" title="总结">
-                <FileText className="h-3 w-3" />
-              </button>
-            </div>
-          )}
-          <button
-            onClick={() => setAiPanelOpen(!aiPanelOpen)}
-            className={`toolbar-btn ${aiPanelOpen ? "bg-primary/30 text-primary" : ""}`}
-            title="AI 助手面板"
-          >
-            <MessageSquareText className="h-4 w-4" />
-          </button>
           <button onClick={onClose} className="toolbar-btn hover:bg-red-500/20 hover:text-red-300" title="关闭 (Esc)">
             <X className="h-4 w-4" />
           </button>
         </div>
       </div>
 
-      {/* PDF 主体 - 连续滚动 */}
+      {/* PDF 主体 - 连续滚动 - 左半屏 */}
       <div
         ref={scrollRef}
-        className="mt-12 flex-1 overflow-auto pb-10"
+        className="flex-1 overflow-auto pb-10"
       >
         {loadError ? (
           <div className="flex h-full items-center justify-center">
@@ -374,7 +322,7 @@ export default function PdfReader({ paperId, paperTitle, paperArxivId, onClose }
       {numPages > 0 && (
         <div
           className="absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-20 flex items-center justify-center gap-3 border-t border-white/10 bg-[#1e1e2e]/90 px-4 py-2 backdrop-blur-md"
-          style={{ right: aiPanelOpen ? "384px" : "0" }}
+          style={{ right: "50%" }}
         >
           <div className="h-1 flex-1 max-w-md overflow-hidden rounded-full bg-white/10">
             <div
@@ -388,119 +336,15 @@ export default function PdfReader({ paperId, paperTitle, paperArxivId, onClose }
         </div>
       )}
 
-      {/* AI 侧边栏 */}
-      <div
-        className={`relative mt-12 border-l border-white/10 bg-[#1e1e2e] transition-all duration-300 ${
-          aiPanelOpen ? "w-96" : "w-0"
-        } overflow-hidden`}
-      >
-        <div className="flex h-full w-96 flex-col">
-          {/* AI 面板头部 */}
-          <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-white/10 px-4 py-3">
-            <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-              <Sparkles className="h-4 w-4 text-primary" />
-              <span className="text-sm font-medium text-white/90">AI 阅读助手</span>
-            </div>
-            <button
-              onClick={() => setAiResults([])}
-              className="text-xs text-white/40 hover:text-white/60"
-              title="清空记录"
-            >
-              <RotateCw className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-            </button>
-          </div>
-
-          {/* 快捷 AI 操作 */}
-          {selectedText && (
-            <div className="border-b border-white/10 px-4 py-3">
-              <p className="mb-2 text-xs text-white/40">选中文本</p>
-              <p className="mb-3 line-clamp-3 rounded-md bg-white/5 p-2 text-xs leading-relaxed text-white/70">{selectedText}</p>
-              <div className="flex gap-2">
-                <button
-                  onClick={() => handleAiAction("explain")}
-                  disabled={aiLoading}
-                  className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-amber-500/10 py-1.5 text-xs text-amber-300 transition-colors hover:bg-amber-500/20 disabled:opacity-50"
-                >
-                  <Lightbulb className="h-3.5 w-3.5" /> 解释
-                </button>
-                <button
-                  onClick={() => handleAiAction("translate")}
-                  disabled={aiLoading}
-                  className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-blue-500/10 py-1.5 text-xs text-blue-300 transition-colors hover:bg-blue-500/20 disabled:opacity-50"
-                >
-                  <Languages className="h-3.5 w-3.5" /> 翻译
-                </button>
-                <button
-                  onClick={() => handleAiAction("summarize")}
-                  disabled={aiLoading}
-                  className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-emerald-500/10 py-1.5 text-xs text-emerald-300 transition-colors hover:bg-emerald-500/20 disabled:opacity-50"
-                >
-                  <FileText className="h-3.5 w-3.5" /> 总结
-                </button>
-              </div>
-            </div>
-          )}
-
-          {/* AI 结果列表 */}
-          <div className="flex-1 overflow-auto px-4 py-3">
-            {aiLoading && (
-              <div className="mb-4 flex items-center gap-2 rounded-lg border border-primary/20 bg-primary/5 px-3 py-2">
-                <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin text-primary" />
-                <span className="text-xs text-primary">AI 分析中...</span>
-              </div>
-            )}
-
-            {aiResults.length === 0 && !aiLoading && (
-              <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-3 pt-12 text-center">
-                <MessageSquareText className="h-10 w-10 text-white/10" />
-                <div>
-                  <p className="text-sm text-white/40">选中论文文本</p>
-                  <p className="mt-1 text-xs text-white/20">即可使用 AI 解释、翻译、总结</p>
-                </div>
-                <div className="mt-4 space-y-1.5 text-left text-xs text-white/20">
-                  <p>快捷键：</p>
-                  <p>Ctrl +/- 缩放 &nbsp; Ctrl+0 重置</p>
-                  <p>Home/End 首/末页 &nbsp; Esc 关闭</p>
-                  <p>鼠标滚轮自由滚动阅读</p>
-                </div>
-              </div>
-            )}
-
-            {aiResults.map((r, i) => {
-              const cfg = actionLabels[r.action];
-              return (
-                <div
-                  key={`ai-result-${r.action}-${i}`}
-                  className="mb-4 overflow-hidden rounded-xl border border-white/[.08] bg-gradient-to-b from-white/[.04] to-white/[.02]"
-                >
-                  {/* 卡片头部 */}
-                  <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-white/[.06] px-3.5 py-2">
-                    <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full px-2.5 py-1 text-[11px] font-medium ${cfg.color}`}>
-                      {cfg.icon} {cfg.label}
-                    </span>
-                    <button
-                      onClick={() => handleCopy(i, r.result)}
-                      className="rounded-md p-1 text-white/20 transition-colors hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white/50"
-                      title="复制内容"
-                    >
-                      {copiedIdx === i ? <Check className="h-3.5 w-3.5 text-emerald-400" /> : <Copy className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />}
-                    </button>
-                  </div>
-                  {/* 原文引用 */}
-                  <div className="border-b border-white/[.04] px-3.5 py-2">
-                    <p className="line-clamp-2 border-l-2 border-white/10 pl-2.5 text-[11px] leading-relaxed text-white/30 italic">
-                      {r.text}
-                    </p>
-                  </div>
-                  {/* AI 输出 - Markdown 渲染 */}
-                  <div className="px-3.5 py-3">
-                    <Markdown className="pdf-ai-markdown">{r.result}</Markdown>
-                  </div>
-                </div>
-              );
-            })}
-          </div>
-        </div>
+      {/* 右侧面板 - 右半屏 */}
+      <div className="flex w-1/2 shrink-0">
+        <ToolPanel selectedText={selectedText} paperId={paperId}>
+          {{
+            translation: <TranslationPanel selectedText={selectedText} paperId={paperId} paperArxivId={paperArxivId} paperPdfPath={paperPdfPath} />,
+            aggregation: <AggregationPanel selectedText={selectedText} paperId={paperId} />,
+            canvas: <CanvasPanel paperId={paperId} paperTitle={paperTitle} />,
+          }}
+        </ToolPanel>
       </div>
     </div>
   );
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/SensemakingCanvas/DeltaCard.tsx b/frontend/src/components/SensemakingCanvas/DeltaCard.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68846ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/SensemakingCanvas/DeltaCard.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+interface DeltaCardProps {
+  label: string;
+  content: string;
+  variant: 'before' | 'after' | 'delta';
+}
+
+export function DeltaCard({ label, content, variant }: DeltaCardProps) {
+  const colors = {
+    before: 'border-white/20 bg-white/5',
+    after: 'border-primary/30 bg-primary/5',
+    delta: 'border-amber-500/30 bg-amber-500/5',
+  };
+
+  const labelColors = {
+    before: 'text-white/40',
+    after: 'text-primary',
+    delta: 'text-amber-400',
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className={`rounded-xl border p-4 ${colors[variant]}`}>
+      <p className={`mb-2 text-xs font-medium ${labelColors[variant]}`}>{label}</p>
+      <p className="text-sm leading-relaxed text-white/80">{content || '...'}</p>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/Sidebar.tsx b/frontend/src/components/Sidebar.tsx
index e4e05a3..ad5b038 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/Sidebar.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/Sidebar.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * 侧边栏 - AI 应用风格：图标网格 + 对话历史 + 设置弹窗
  * @author Color2333
  */
-import { useState, useEffect, useMemo, useCallback, lazy, Suspense } from "react";
+import { useState, useEffect, useMemo, useCallback } from "react";
 import { NavLink, useNavigate, useLocation } from "react-router-dom";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 import { useConversationCtx } from "@/contexts/ConversationContext";
@@ -10,9 +10,6 @@ import { useGlobalTasks } from "@/contexts/GlobalTaskContext";
 import { groupByDate } from "@/hooks/useConversations";
 import ConfirmDialog from "@/components/ConfirmDialog";
 import LogoIcon from "@/assets/logo-icon.svg?react";
-
-// 1550 行的设置弹窗，只在用户点击设置按钮时才加载
-const SettingsDialog = lazy(() => import("./SettingsDialog").then(m => ({ default: m.SettingsDialog })));
 import {
   FileText,
   Network,
@@ -67,7 +64,6 @@ function useDarkMode() {
 
 export default function Sidebar() {
   const [dark, toggleDark] = useDarkMode();
-  const [showSettings, setShowSettings] = useState(false);
   const [mobileOpen, setMobileOpen] = useState(false);
   const [deleteId, setDeleteId] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [unreadCount, setUnreadCount] = useState(0);
@@ -263,7 +259,7 @@ export default function Sidebar() {
         <div className="border-t border-border px-3 py-2">
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-1">
             <button
-              onClick={() => setShowSettings(true)}
+              onClick={() => navigate("/settings")}
               className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-2 py-1.5 text-xs font-medium text-ink-secondary transition-colors hover:bg-hover hover:text-ink"
             >
               <Settings className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
@@ -294,13 +290,6 @@ export default function Sidebar() {
         </div>
       </aside>
 
-      {/* 设置弹窗 - 懒加载，只在用户点击时才拉取 chunk */}
-      {showSettings && (
-        <Suspense fallback={null}>
-          <SettingsDialog onClose={() => setShowSettings(false)} />
-        </Suspense>
-      )}
-
       <ConfirmDialog
         open={!!deleteId}
         title="删除对话"
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/AggregationPanel.tsx b/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/AggregationPanel.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e91168
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/AggregationPanel.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import { useState, useCallback } from 'react';
+import { Sparkles, Search as SearchIcon, Loader2 } from 'lucide-react';
+import { MultiSourceSearchBar } from '@/components/search/MultiSourceSearchBar';
+import { paperApi } from '@/services/api';
+import type { MultiSourcePaper } from '@/types';
+
+interface AggregationPanelProps {
+  selectedText: string;
+  paperId: string;
+}
+
+export function AggregationPanel({ selectedText, paperId }: AggregationPanelProps) {
+  // 当前面板由上游传入 selectedText / paperId，规划中用于基于选中文本做聚合搜索
+  void selectedText;
+  void paperId;
+  const [results, setResults] = useState<MultiSourcePaper[]>([]);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
+
+  const handleSearch = useCallback(async (query: string, channels: string[]) => {
+    setLoading(true);
+    try {
+      const res = await paperApi.multiSourceSearch(query, channels);
+      setResults(res.results || []);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Search failed:', err);
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false);
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col">
+      <div className="border-b border-white/10 px-4 py-3">
+        <div className="mb-2 flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-white/60">
+          <Sparkles className="h-4 w-4 text-primary" />
+          <span>AI 聚合搜索</span>
+        </div>
+        <MultiSourceSearchBar onSearch={handleSearch} loading={loading} />
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="flex-1 overflow-auto px-4 py-3">
+        {loading && (
+          <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-8">
+            <Loader2 className="h-6 w-6 animate-spin text-primary" />
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {!loading && results.length === 0 && (
+          <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-3 pt-8 text-center">
+            <SearchIcon className="h-10 w-10 text-white/10" />
+            <p className="text-sm text-white/40">输入关键词搜索</p>
+            <p className="text-xs text-white/20">AI 将从多源聚合相关论文</p>
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {results.map((result, idx) => {
+          const primarySource = result.sources?.[0]?.channel;
+          return (
+            <div key={result.id || idx} className="mb-3 rounded-lg border border-white/10 p-3">
+              <h4 className="mb-1 text-sm font-medium text-white/90 line-clamp-2">{result.title}</h4>
+              {result.authors && result.authors.length > 0 && (
+                <p className="mb-1 text-xs text-white/40">{result.authors.slice(0, 3).join(', ')}</p>
+              )}
+              {primarySource && (
+                <span className="inline-block rounded bg-primary/20 px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px] text-primary">
+                  {primarySource}
+                </span>
+              )}
+            </div>
+          );
+        })}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/CanvasPanel.tsx b/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/CanvasPanel.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16de33e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/CanvasPanel.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,480 @@
+import { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from 'react';
+import { ArrowRight, BookOpen, Zap, Brain, Loader2 } from 'lucide-react';
+import { DeltaCard } from '@/components/SensemakingCanvas/DeltaCard';
+
+interface Act1Data {
+  summary: string;
+  key_findings: string[];
+}
+
+interface Act2Data {
+  conflicts: string[];
+  questions: string[];
+}
+
+interface Act3Data {
+  before: string;
+  after: string;
+  delta: string;
+  one_change: string;
+}
+
+interface SessionData {
+  id: string;
+  act1_comprehension: { comprehension?: Act1Data } | null;
+  act2_collision: { collision?: Act2Data } | null;
+  act3_reconstruction: Act3Data | null;
+  status: string;
+}
+
+interface CanvasPanelProps {
+  paperId: string;
+  paperTitle: string;
+}
+
+type Stage = 'list' | 'act1' | 'act2' | 'act3' | 'result';
+
+export function CanvasPanel({ paperId, paperTitle }: CanvasPanelProps) {
+  const [stage, setStage] = useState<Stage>('list');
+  const [sessions, setSessions] = useState<SessionData[]>([]);
+  const [currentSession, setCurrentSession] = useState<SessionData | null>(null);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
+
+  const [act1Form, setAct1Form] = useState<Act1Data>({ summary: '', key_findings: [''] });
+  const [act2Form, setAct2Form] = useState<Act2Data>({ conflicts: [''], questions: [''] });
+  const [act3Form, setAct3Form] = useState<Act3Data>({ before: '', after: '', delta: '', one_change: '' });
+
+  const loadSessions = useCallback(async () => {
+    setLoading(true);
+    try {
+      const token = localStorage.getItem('auth_token') || '';
+      const base = import.meta.env.VITE_API_BASE || 'http://localhost:8000';
+      const res = await fetch(`${base}/sensemaking/sessions?paper_id=${paperId}`, {
+        headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` },
+      });
+      if (res.ok) {
+        const data = await res.json();
+        setSessions(data);
+        if (data.length > 0) {
+          setCurrentSession(data[data.length - 1]);
+        }
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to load sessions:', err);
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false);
+    }
+  }, [paperId]);
+
+  const startNewSession = async () => {
+    setLoading(true);
+    try {
+      const token = localStorage.getItem('auth_token') || '';
+      const base = import.meta.env.VITE_API_BASE || 'http://localhost:8000';
+      const schemaRes = await fetch(`${base}/sensemaking/schemas`, {
+        headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` },
+      });
+      if (!schemaRes.ok) return;
+      const schemas = await schemaRes.json();
+      const defaultSchema = schemas.find((s: { user_id: string }) => s.user_id === 'default') || schemas[0];
+      if (!defaultSchema) return;
+
+      const createRes = await fetch(`${base}/sensemaking/sessions`, {
+        method: 'POST',
+        headers: {
+          Authorization: `Bearer ${token}`,
+          'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+        },
+        body: JSON.stringify({ paper_id: paperId, user_schema_id: defaultSchema.id }),
+      });
+      if (createRes.ok) {
+        const session = await createRes.json();
+        setCurrentSession(session);
+        setStage('act1');
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to start session:', err);
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const submitAct1 = async () => {
+    if (!currentSession) return;
+    setLoading(true);
+    try {
+      const token = localStorage.getItem('auth_token') || '';
+      const base = import.meta.env.VITE_API_BASE || 'http://localhost:8000';
+      const res = await fetch(`${base}/sensemaking/sessions/${currentSession.id}/act1`, {
+        method: 'PATCH',
+        headers: {
+          Authorization: `Bearer ${token}`,
+          'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+        },
+        body: JSON.stringify({ comprehension: act1Form }),
+      });
+      if (res.ok) {
+        const updated = await res.json();
+        setCurrentSession(updated);
+        setStage('act2');
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to submit act1:', err);
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const submitAct2 = async () => {
+    if (!currentSession) return;
+    setLoading(true);
+    try {
+      const token = localStorage.getItem('auth_token') || '';
+      const base = import.meta.env.VITE_API_BASE || 'http://localhost:8000';
+      const res = await fetch(`${base}/sensemaking/sessions/${currentSession.id}/act2`, {
+        method: 'PATCH',
+        headers: {
+          Authorization: `Bearer ${token}`,
+          'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+        },
+        body: JSON.stringify({ collision: act2Form }),
+      });
+      if (res.ok) {
+        const updated = await res.json();
+        setCurrentSession(updated);
+        setStage('act3');
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to submit act2:', err);
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const submitAct3 = async () => {
+    if (!currentSession) return;
+    setLoading(true);
+    try {
+      const token = localStorage.getItem('auth_token') || '';
+      const base = import.meta.env.VITE_API_BASE || 'http://localhost:8000';
+      const res = await fetch(`${base}/sensemaking/sessions/${currentSession.id}/act3`, {
+        method: 'PATCH',
+        headers: {
+          Authorization: `Bearer ${token}`,
+          'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+        },
+        body: JSON.stringify(act3Form),
+      });
+      if (res.ok) {
+        const updated = await res.json();
+        setCurrentSession(updated);
+        setStage('result');
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to submit act3:', err);
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const renderList = () => (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col p-4">
+      <div className="mb-4 text-center">
+        <h3 className="text-lg font-medium text-white/90">{paperTitle}</h3>
+        <p className="text-xs text-white/40">认知重构工作台</p>
+      </div>
+
+      {loading ? (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center">
+          <Loader2 className="h-6 w-6 animate-spin text-primary" />
+        </div>
+      ) : sessions.length === 0 ? (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col items-center justify-center gap-4">
+          <Brain className="h-12 w-12 text-white/10" />
+          <p className="text-sm text-white/60">开始你的认知重构之旅</p>
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            onClick={startNewSession}
+            className="rounded-full bg-primary/20 px-6 py-2 text-sm text-primary hover:bg-primary/30"
+          >
+            开始阅读理解
+          </button>
+        </div>
+      ) : (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col gap-3 overflow-auto">
+          <p className="text-xs text-white/40">历史会话 ({sessions.length})</p>
+          {sessions.map((s) => (
+            <button
+              key={s.id}
+              type="button"
+              onClick={() => {
+                setCurrentSession(s);
+                if (s.act3_reconstruction) {
+                  setAct3Form(s.act3_reconstruction);
+                  setStage('result');
+                } else if (s.act2_collision) {
+                  setStage('act3');
+                } else if (s.act1_comprehension) {
+                  setStage('act2');
+                } else {
+                  setStage('act1');
+                }
+              }}
+              className="flex items-center justify-between rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/5 p-3 text-left hover:bg-white/10"
+            >
+              <div>
+                <p className="text-sm text-white/80">{paperTitle}</p>
+                <p className="text-xs text-white/40">
+                  {s.status === 'completed' ? '已完成' : '进行中'}
+                </p>
+              </div>
+              <ArrowRight className="h-4 w-4 text-white/30" />
+            </button>
+          ))}
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            onClick={startNewSession}
+            className="mt-2 flex items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg border border-dashed border-white/20 py-2 text-sm text-white/40 hover:border-primary/40 hover:text-primary"
+          >
+            + 新建会话
+          </button>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+
+  const renderAct1 = () => (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col p-4">
+      <div className="mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
+        <button type="button" onClick={() => setStage('list')} className="text-white/40 hover:text-white">
+          ← 返回
+        </button>
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+          <BookOpen className="h-4 w-4 text-primary" />
+          <span className="text-sm text-primary">Act 1: 理解</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="mb-3">
+        <p className="mb-1 text-xs text-white/60">论文摘要</p>
+        <textarea
+          value={act1Form.summary}
+          onChange={(e) => setAct1Form({ ...act1Form, summary: e.target.value })}
+          placeholder="用自己的话总结这篇论文的核心内容..."
+          className="w-full rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/5 p-3 text-sm text-white/80 placeholder-white/30 outline-none focus:border-primary/50"
+          rows={4}
+        />
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="mb-4 flex-1 overflow-auto">
+        <p className="mb-2 text-xs text-white/60">关键发现 (每行一个)</p>
+        {act1Form.key_findings.map((finding, idx) => (
+          <input
+            key={idx} // eslint-disable-line react/no-array-index-key
+            type="text"
+            value={finding}
+            onChange={(e) => {
+              const newFindings = [...act1Form.key_findings];
+              newFindings[idx] = e.target.value;
+              setAct1Form({ ...act1Form, key_findings: newFindings });
+            }}
+            onKeyDown={(e) => {
+              if (e.key === 'Enter' && idx === act1Form.key_findings.length - 1) {
+                setAct1Form({ ...act1Form, key_findings: [...act1Form.key_findings, ''] });
+              }
+            }}
+            placeholder={`发现 ${idx + 1}...`}
+            className="mb-2 w-full rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/5 px-3 py-2 text-sm text-white/80 placeholder-white/30 outline-none focus:border-primary/50"
+          />
+        ))}
+      </div>
+
+      <button
+        type="button"
+        onClick={submitAct1}
+        disabled={loading || !act1Form.summary.trim()}
+        className="flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-primary/20 py-2 text-sm text-primary hover:bg-primary/30 disabled:opacity-50"
+      >
+        {loading ? <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" /> : null}
+        进入 Act 2 →
+      </button>
+    </div>
+  );
+
+  const renderAct2 = () => (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col p-4">
+      <div className="mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
+        <button type="button" onClick={() => setStage('act1')} className="text-white/40 hover:text-white">
+          ← 返回
+        </button>
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+          <Zap className="h-4 w-4 text-amber-400" />
+          <span className="text-sm text-amber-400">Act 2: 碰撞</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="mb-3">
+        <p className="mb-1 text-xs text-white/60">与已有知识的冲突</p>
+        <textarea
+          value={act2Form.conflicts.join('\n')}
+          onChange={(e) => setAct2Form({ ...act2Form, conflicts: e.target.value.split('\n').filter(Boolean) })}
+          placeholder="这篇论文的观点与你已知的有哪些冲突..."
+          className="w-full rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/5 p-3 text-sm text-white/80 placeholder-white/30 outline-none focus:border-amber-500/50"
+          rows={4}
+        />
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="mb-4 flex-1 overflow-auto">
+        <p className="mb-1 text-xs text-white/60">产生的疑问</p>
+        <textarea
+          value={act2Form.questions.join('\n')}
+          onChange={(e) => setAct2Form({ ...act2Form, questions: e.target.value.split('\n').filter(Boolean) })}
+          placeholder="阅读后你还有哪些疑问..."
+          className="w-full rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/5 p-3 text-sm text-white/80 placeholder-white/30 outline-none focus:border-amber-500/50"
+          rows={3}
+        />
+      </div>
+
+      <button
+        type="button"
+        onClick={submitAct2}
+        disabled={loading}
+        className="flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-amber-500/20 py-2 text-sm text-amber-400 hover:bg-amber-500/30 disabled:opacity-50"
+      >
+        {loading ? <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" /> : null}
+        进入 Act 3 →
+      </button>
+    </div>
+  );
+
+  const renderAct3 = () => (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col p-4">
+      <div className="mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
+        <button type="button" onClick={() => setStage('act2')} className="text-white/40 hover:text-white">
+          ← 返回
+        </button>
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+          <Brain className="h-4 w-4 text-emerald-400" />
+          <span className="text-sm text-emerald-400">Act 3: 重构</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="mb-3">
+        <p className="mb-1 text-xs text-white/60">阅读前的理解</p>
+        <textarea
+          value={act3Form.before}
+          onChange={(e) => setAct3Form({ ...act3Form, before: e.target.value })}
+          placeholder="在读这篇论文之前，你对这个主题的理解是..."
+          className="w-full rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/5 p-3 text-sm text-white/80 placeholder-white/30 outline-none focus:border-emerald-500/50"
+          rows={3}
+        />
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="mb-3">
+        <p className="mb-1 text-xs text-white/60">阅读后的理解</p>
+        <textarea
+          value={act3Form.after}
+          onChange={(e) => setAct3Form({ ...act3Form, after: e.target.value })}
+          placeholder="读完这篇论文后，你的理解是..."
+          className="w-full rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/5 p-3 text-sm text-white/80 placeholder-white/30 outline-none focus:border-emerald-500/50"
+          rows={3}
+        />
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="mb-3">
+        <p className="mb-1 text-xs text-white/60">认知变化</p>
+        <textarea
+          value={act3Form.delta}
+          onChange={(e) => setAct3Form({ ...act3Form, delta: e.target.value })}
+          placeholder="从阅读前到阅读后，你的认知有哪些变化..."
+          className="w-full rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/5 p-3 text-sm text-white/80 placeholder-white/30 outline-none focus:border-emerald-500/50"
+          rows={2}
+        />
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="mb-4">
+        <p className="mb-1 text-xs text-emerald-400">我的承诺</p>
+        <textarea
+          value={act3Form.one_change}
+          onChange={(e) => setAct3Form({ ...act3Form, one_change: e.target.value })}
+          placeholder="读完这篇论文后，你决定做出什么改变..."
+          className="w-full rounded-lg border border-emerald-500/30 bg-emerald-500/5 p-3 text-sm text-emerald-300 placeholder-emerald-400/30 outline-none focus:border-emerald-500/50"
+          rows={2}
+        />
+      </div>
+
+      <button
+        type="button"
+        onClick={submitAct3}
+        disabled={loading || !act3Form.before.trim() || !act3Form.after.trim()}
+        className="flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-emerald-500/20 py-2 text-sm text-emerald-400 hover:bg-emerald-500/30 disabled:opacity-50"
+      >
+        {loading ? <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" /> : null}
+        完成重构
+      </button>
+    </div>
+  );
+
+  const renderResult = () => (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col gap-4 overflow-auto p-4">
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
+        <h3 className="text-sm font-medium text-white/80">认知重构结果</h3>
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          onClick={() => setStage('list')}
+          className="text-xs text-white/40 hover:text-white"
+        >
+          返回列表
+        </button>
+      </div>
+
+      {currentSession?.act1_comprehension?.comprehension && (
+        <DeltaCard
+          label="Act 1: 理解"
+          content={currentSession.act1_comprehension.comprehension.summary}
+          variant="before"
+        />
+      )}
+
+      {currentSession?.act2_collision?.collision && (
+        <DeltaCard
+          label="Act 2: 碰撞"
+          content={currentSession.act2_collision.collision.conflicts?.join(' • ') || ''}
+          variant="delta"
+        />
+      )}
+
+      {act3Form.before && <DeltaCard label="阅读前" content={act3Form.before} variant="before" />}
+
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-center">
+        <ArrowRight className="h-5 w-5 text-primary" />
+      </div>
+
+      {act3Form.after && <DeltaCard label="阅读后" content={act3Form.after} variant="after" />}
+
+      {act3Form.delta && <DeltaCard label="认知变化" content={act3Form.delta} variant="delta" />}
+
+      {act3Form.one_change && (
+        <div className="rounded-xl border border-emerald-500/30 bg-emerald-500/5 p-4">
+          <p className="mb-2 text-xs font-medium text-emerald-400">我的承诺</p>
+          <p className="text-sm text-emerald-300">{act3Form.one_change}</p>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+
+  switch (stage) {
+    case 'list':
+      return renderList();
+    case 'act1':
+      return renderAct1();
+    case 'act2':
+      return renderAct2();
+    case 'act3':
+      return renderAct3();
+    case 'result':
+      return renderResult();
+    default:
+      return renderList();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/ToolPanel.tsx b/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/ToolPanel.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8fb1fa2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/ToolPanel.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+import { useState } from 'react';
+import { PanelLeftClose, PanelLeft, Languages, Sparkles, GitBranch } from 'lucide-react';
+
+export type TabId = 'translation' | 'aggregation' | 'canvas';
+
+interface Tab {
+  id: TabId;
+  label: string;
+  icon: React.ReactNode;
+}
+
+const TABS: Tab[] = [
+  { id: 'translation', label: '翻译', icon: <Languages className="h-4 w-4" /> },
+  { id: 'aggregation', label: 'AI聚合', icon: <Sparkles className="h-4 w-4" /> },
+  { id: 'canvas', label: 'Canvas', icon: <GitBranch className="h-4 w-4" /> },
+];
+
+interface ToolPanelProps {
+  selectedText: string;
+  paperId: string;
+  children: {
+    translation: React.ReactNode;
+    aggregation: React.ReactNode;
+    canvas: React.ReactNode;
+  };
+}
+
+export function ToolPanel({ selectedText, paperId, children }: ToolPanelProps) {
+  const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<TabId>('translation');
+  const [collapsed, setCollapsed] = useState(false);
+
+  if (collapsed) {
+    return (
+      <div className="flex h-full w-12 flex-col items-center gap-2 border-l border-white/10 bg-[#1e1e2e] py-4">
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          onClick={() => setCollapsed(false)}
+          className="rounded p-2 text-white/40 hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white"
+          title="展开面板"
+        >
+          <PanelLeft className="h-5 w-5" />
+        </button>
+        {TABS.map(tab => (
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            key={tab.id}
+            onClick={() => { setActiveTab(tab.id); setCollapsed(false); }}
+            className="rounded p-2 text-white/40 hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white"
+            title={tab.label}
+          >
+            {tab.icon}
+          </button>
+        ))}
+      </div>
+    );
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <div className="relative flex h-full w-full flex-col border-l border-white/10 bg-[#1e1e2e] transition-all duration-300"
+         style={{ width: collapsed ? 48 : '100%' }}>
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-white/10 px-4 py-3">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+          {TABS.map(tab => (
+            <button
+              type="button"
+              key={tab.id}
+              onClick={() => setActiveTab(tab.id)}
+              className={`flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-sm transition-colors ${
+                activeTab === tab.id
+                  ? 'bg-primary/20 text-primary'
+                  : 'text-white/60 hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white'
+              }`}
+            >
+              {tab.icon}
+              <span className="hidden sm:inline">{tab.label}</span>
+            </button>
+          ))}
+        </div>
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          onClick={() => setCollapsed(true)}
+          className="rounded p-1.5 text-white/40 hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white"
+        >
+          <PanelLeftClose className="h-4 w-4" />
+        </button>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="flex-1 overflow-auto">
+        {activeTab === 'translation' && children.translation}
+        {activeTab === 'aggregation' && children.aggregation}
+        {activeTab === 'canvas' && children.canvas}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/TranslationPanel.tsx b/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/TranslationPanel.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf032a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/ToolPanel/TranslationPanel.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+import { useState, useCallback, useRef, useEffect, useMemo } from 'react';
+import { Document, Page, pdfjs } from 'react-pdf';
+import 'react-pdf/dist/Page/AnnotationLayer.css';
+import 'react-pdf/dist/Page/TextLayer.css';
+
+pdfjs.GlobalWorkerOptions.workerSrc = new URL(
+  'pdfjs-dist/build/pdf.worker.min.mjs',
+  import.meta.url
+).href;
+
+interface Segment {
+  id: string;
+  type: string;
+  content: string;
+  translation?: string;
+  pageNumber?: number;
+}
+
+interface TranslationPanelProps {
+  selectedText: string;
+  paperId: string;
+  paperArxivId?: string;
+  paperPdfPath?: string | null;
+}
+
+type ViewMode = 'selection' | 'bilingual';
+type TranslationMode = 'fast' | 'layout';
+
+export function TranslationPanel({ selectedText, paperId, paperArxivId, paperPdfPath }: TranslationPanelProps) {
+  const [viewMode, setViewMode] = useState<ViewMode>('selection');
+  const [segments, setSegments] = useState<Segment[]>([]);
+  const [translating, setTranslating] = useState(false);
+  const [numPages, setNumPages] = useState(0);
+  const [currentPdfPage, setCurrentPdfPage] = useState(1);
+  const [translationMode, setTranslationMode] = useState<TranslationMode>('fast');
+
+  const leftScrollRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+  const rightScrollRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+
+  const [containerWidth, setContainerWidth] = useState(400);
+  const scale = useMemo(() => {
+    return (containerWidth - 40) / 612;
+  }, [containerWidth]);
+
+  const handleLeftScroll = useCallback(() => {
+    if (!leftScrollRef.current) return;
+
+    const scrollTop = leftScrollRef.current.scrollTop;
+    const pageHeight = 842 * scale + 16 * scale;
+    const estimatedPage = Math.floor(scrollTop / pageHeight) + 1;
+    const newPage = Math.max(1, Math.min(estimatedPage, numPages));
+
+    if (newPage !== currentPdfPage) {
+      setCurrentPdfPage(newPage);
+    }
+
+    const targetPageAnchor = document.querySelector(`[data-trans-page="${newPage}"]`);
+    if (targetPageAnchor && rightScrollRef.current) {
+      const rightRect = rightScrollRef.current.getBoundingClientRect();
+      const anchorRect = targetPageAnchor.getBoundingClientRect();
+      const offsetTop = anchorRect.top + rightScrollRef.current.scrollTop - rightRect.top - 20;
+      rightScrollRef.current.scrollTo({ top: offsetTop, behavior: 'smooth' });
+    }
+  }, [scale, numPages, currentPdfPage]);
+
+  const scrollPdfToPage = useCallback((pageNum: number) => {
+    const pageEl = document.querySelector(`[data-page="${pageNum}"]`);
+    if (pageEl && leftScrollRef.current) {
+      pageEl.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'start' });
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const handleTranslateFull = useCallback(async () => {
+    if (segments.length > 0) {
+      setViewMode('bilingual');
+      return;
+    }
+
+    setTranslating(true);
+    try {
+      const base = import.meta.env.VITE_API_BASE || 'http://localhost:8000';
+      const token = localStorage.getItem('auth_token') || '';
+
+      const segRes = await fetch(`${base}/papers/${paperId}/segments`, {
+        headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` },
+      });
+
+      if (!segRes.ok) {
+        const data = await segRes.json();
+        if (data.detail?.includes('没有 PDF') || data.detail?.includes('PDF 文件不存在')) {
+          alert('请先下载 PDF');
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+
+      const segData = await segRes.json();
+      const rawSegments = segData.segments || [];
+      setSegments(rawSegments);
+
+      const transRes = await fetch(`${base}/translate/segments`, {
+        method: 'POST',
+        headers: {
+          Authorization: `Bearer ${token}`,
+          'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+        },
+        body: JSON.stringify({ segments: rawSegments, target_lang: 'zh' }),
+      });
+
+      if (transRes.ok) {
+        const transData = await transRes.json();
+        setSegments(transData.segments || []);
+      }
+
+      setViewMode('bilingual');
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to translate:', err);
+    } finally {
+      setTranslating(false);
+    }
+  }, [paperId, segments.length]);
+
+  const onDocumentLoadSuccess = useCallback(({ numPages: n }: { numPages: number }) => {
+    setNumPages(n);
+  }, []);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const observer = new ResizeObserver((entries) => {
+      for (const entry of entries) {
+        setContainerWidth(entry.contentRect.width);
+      }
+    });
+
+    if (leftScrollRef.current) {
+      observer.observe(leftScrollRef.current);
+    }
+
+    return () => observer.disconnect();
+  }, []);
+
+  const pdfUrl = useMemo(() => {
+    const token = localStorage.getItem('auth_token') || '';
+    const tokenParam = token ? `?token=${encodeURIComponent(token)}` : '';
+    const base = import.meta.env.VITE_API_BASE || 'http://localhost:8000';
+
+    if (paperPdfPath) {
+      return `${base}/papers/${paperId}/pdf${tokenParam}`;
+    }
+    if (paperArxivId && !paperArxivId.startsWith('ss-')) {
+      return `${base}/papers/proxy-arxiv-pdf/${paperArxivId}${tokenParam}`;
+    }
+    return `${base}/papers/${paperId}/pdf${tokenParam}`;
+  }, [paperId, paperArxivId, paperPdfPath]);
+
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col">
+      {/* Tab 切换 + 模式选择 */}
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-white/10 px-4 py-2">
+        <div className="flex gap-2">
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            onClick={() => setViewMode('selection')}
+            className={`text-xs ${viewMode === 'selection' ? 'text-primary' : 'text-white/40'}`}
+          >
+            划词翻译
+          </button>
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            onClick={handleTranslateFull}
+            className={`text-xs flex items-center gap-1 ${viewMode === 'bilingual' ? 'text-primary' : 'text-white/40'}`}
+          >
+            全文对照
+          </button>
+        </div>
+
+        {/* 翻译模式选择 */}
+        {viewMode === 'bilingual' && (
+          <select
+            value={translationMode}
+            onChange={(e) => setTranslationMode(e.target.value as TranslationMode)}
+            className="rounded bg-white/10 px-2 py-1 text-xs text-white/80 outline-none"
+            title="翻译模式：快速（文本对照）或 布局保留（完整排版）"
+          >
+            <option value="fast">⚡ 快速翻译</option>
+            <option value="layout">📐 布局保留</option>
+          </select>
+        )}
+      </div>
+
+      {/* 划词翻译模式 */}
+      {viewMode === 'selection' && (
+        <div className="flex-1 overflow-auto p-4">
+          {selectedText ? (
+            <div className="rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/5 p-3">
+              <p className="text-xs text-white/40 mb-2">选中文本</p>
+              <p className="text-sm text-white/80">{selectedText}</p>
+            </div>
+          ) : (
+            <p className="text-sm text-white/40 text-center py-8">
+              在左侧 PDF 中选中文本即可翻译
+            </p>
+          )}
+        </div>
+      )}
+
+      {/* 双语对照模式 - 左右分栏 */}
+      {viewMode === 'bilingual' && (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 overflow-hidden">
+          {/* 左侧: PDF */}
+          <div
+            ref={leftScrollRef}
+            onScroll={handleLeftScroll}
+            className="flex-1 overflow-auto border-r border-white/10"
+          >
+            <Document
+              file={pdfUrl}
+              onLoadSuccess={onDocumentLoadSuccess}
+              loading={
+                <div className="flex items-center justify-center p-8">
+                  <div className="h-8 w-8 animate-spin rounded-full border-2 border-primary border-t-transparent" />
+                </div>
+              }
+            >
+              <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-4 p-4">
+                {Array.from(new Array(numPages), (_, i) => i + 1).map((page) => (
+                  <div key={page} data-page={page} className="relative">
+                    <Page
+                      pageNumber={page}
+                      scale={scale}
+                      className="shadow-lg"
+                      loading={
+                        <div
+                          className="flex items-center justify-center bg-white/5"
+                          style={{ width: 612 * scale, height: 842 * scale }}
+                        >
+                          <div className="h-6 w-6 animate-spin rounded-full border-2 border-primary border-t-transparent" />
+                        </div>
+                      }
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                ))}
+              </div>
+            </Document>
+          </div>
+
+          {/* 右侧: 翻译 */}
+          <div
+            ref={rightScrollRef}
+            className="w-full overflow-auto bg-[#1a1a2e]"
+          >
+            <div className="p-4">
+              <h3 className="text-sm font-medium text-white/80 mb-4">译文对照</h3>
+              {segments.length === 0 && !translating && (
+                <p className="text-xs text-white/40">正在加载翻译...</p>
+              )}
+              {translating && segments.length === 0 && (
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                  <div className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin rounded-full border border-primary border-t-transparent" />
+                  <span className="text-xs text-primary">翻译中...</span>
+                </div>
+              )}
+              {segments.map((seg, idx) => (
+                <button
+                  type="button"
+                  key={seg.id || idx}
+                  data-trans-page={seg.pageNumber}
+                  className="mb-6 w-full cursor-pointer rounded-lg p-2 text-left hover:bg-white/5 transition-colors"
+                  onClick={() => seg.pageNumber && scrollPdfToPage(seg.pageNumber)}
+                >
+                  <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-2">
+                    <span className="text-xs text-primary/60">P{seg.pageNumber}</span>
+                    <span className="text-xs text-white/20">点击跳转</span>
+                  </div>
+                  <p className="text-sm text-white/70 leading-relaxed mb-3">{seg.content}</p>
+                  {seg.translation && (
+                    <div className="border-l-2 border-primary/40 pl-3">
+                      <p className="text-xs text-primary/60 mb-1">译文</p>
+                      <p className="text-sm text-primary/90 leading-relaxed">{seg.translation}</p>
+                    </div>
+                  )}
+                </button>
+              ))}
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/search/MultiSourceSearchBar.tsx b/frontend/src/components/search/MultiSourceSearchBar.tsx
index f6a9218..f3cff34 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/search/MultiSourceSearchBar.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/search/MultiSourceSearchBar.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import React, { useState, useCallback } from 'react';
 import { Search, Loader2, Sparkles } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useChannels } from '@/contexts/ChannelContext';
+import { paperApi } from '@/services/api';
 
 interface MultiSourceSearchBarProps {
   onSearch: (query: string, channels: string[]) => void;
@@ -27,12 +28,7 @@ export const MultiSourceSearchBar: React.FC<MultiSourceSearchBarProps> = ({
       setSuggestions(null);
       return;
     }
-    fetch(`/papers/suggest-channels?query=${encodeURIComponent(q)}`, {
-      headers: {
-        Authorization: `Bearer ${localStorage.getItem('auth_token') || ''}`,
-      },
-    })
-      .then((res) => res.ok && res.json())
+    paperApi.suggestChannels(q)
       .then((data) => data && setSuggestions(data))
       .catch(() => {});
   }, []);
diff --git a/frontend/src/contexts/AgentSessionContext.tsx b/frontend/src/contexts/AgentSessionContext.tsx
index b5a8de9..2fb3c25 100644
--- a/frontend/src/contexts/AgentSessionContext.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/contexts/AgentSessionContext.tsx
@@ -696,8 +696,16 @@ export function AgentSessionProvider({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }
   );
 
   /* ---- 确认/拒绝操作 ---- */
+  // 已处理（confirm/reject 过）的 actionId，用于防重复提交
+  const handledActionsRef = useRef<Set<string>>(new Set());
+
   const handleConfirm = useCallback(
     async (actionId: string) => {
+      // 幂等保护：防 StrictMode 双触发 / 按钮快速双击 / 错误重试等场景
+      if (handledActionsRef.current.has(actionId)) return;
+      if (confirmingActionIds.includes(actionId)) return;
+      handledActionsRef.current.add(actionId);
+
       setConfirmingActionIds((prev) => [...prev, actionId]);
       setPendingActionIds((prev) => prev.filter((id) => id !== actionId));
       cancelStream();
@@ -723,11 +731,14 @@ export function AgentSessionProvider({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }
         setConfirmingActionIds((prev) => prev.filter((id) => id !== actionId));
       }
     },
-    [startStream, cancelStream]
+    [startStream, cancelStream, confirmingActionIds]
   );
 
   const handleReject = useCallback(
     async (actionId: string) => {
+      if (handledActionsRef.current.has(actionId)) return;
+      handledActionsRef.current.add(actionId);
+
       setPendingActionIds((prev) => prev.filter((id) => id !== actionId));
       cancelStream();
       setLoading(true);
diff --git a/frontend/src/contexts/ChannelContext.tsx b/frontend/src/contexts/ChannelContext.tsx
index eb07c71..cf8d8fc 100644
--- a/frontend/src/contexts/ChannelContext.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/contexts/ChannelContext.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 import { createContext, useContext, useState, useCallback, ReactNode, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { resolveApiBase } from '@/lib/tauri';
 
 export interface Channel {
   id: string;
@@ -40,7 +41,8 @@ export function ChannelProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
   const fetchChannels = useCallback(async () => {
     try {
       setLoading(true);
-      const response = await fetch('/api/papers/suggest-channels');
+      const base = resolveApiBase();
+      const response = await fetch(`${base.replace(/\/+$/, '')}/papers/suggest-channels`);
       if (!response.ok) {
         throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status}`);
       }
@@ -49,7 +51,6 @@ export function ChannelProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
       setError(null);
     } catch (err) {
       setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : '加载失败');
-      // 降级：使用默认渠道列表
       setChannels(INITIAL_CHANNELS);
     } finally {
       setLoading(false);
diff --git a/frontend/src/hooks/useSelectedText.ts b/frontend/src/hooks/useSelectedText.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..55a30f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/hooks/useSelectedText.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { useState, useCallback, useEffect } from 'react';
+
+export function useSelectedText() {
+  const [selectedText, setSelectedText] = useState('');
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const handler = () => {
+      const sel = window.getSelection()?.toString().trim();
+      if (sel && sel.length > 2) {
+        setSelectedText(sel);
+      }
+    };
+    document.addEventListener('mouseup', handler);
+    return () => document.removeEventListener('mouseup', handler);
+  }, []);
+
+  return selectedText;
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/lib/errorHandler.ts b/frontend/src/lib/errorHandler.ts
index cbbb93b..f3d2c82 100644
--- a/frontend/src/lib/errorHandler.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/errorHandler.ts
@@ -84,11 +84,16 @@ export function parseErrorType(error: unknown): ErrorType {
       return ErrorType.NOT_FOUND;
     }
 
-    // 服务器错误
+    // 服务器错误 / 网关超时
     if (
       message.includes("500") ||
       message.includes("502") ||
-      message.includes("503")
+      message.includes("503") ||
+      message.includes("504") ||
+      message.includes("524") ||
+      message.includes("408") ||
+      message.includes("gateway time-out") ||
+      message.includes("gateway timeout")
     ) {
       return ErrorType.SERVER;
     }
@@ -131,8 +136,19 @@ export function getErrorMessage(error: unknown): string {
       }
     }
 
-    // 返回原始错误消息（如果比较短）
-    if (message.length < 100) {
+    // HTML 污染兜底：若消息包含 HTML 标签或 DOCTYPE，直接走默认文案
+    const lower = message.toLowerCase();
+    if (
+      message.includes("<!DOCTYPE") ||
+      lower.includes("<!doctype") ||
+      lower.includes("<html") ||
+      lower.includes("cloudflare")
+    ) {
+      return ERROR_MESSAGES[type];
+    }
+
+    // 返回原始错误消息（短消息才采纳，避免长错误信息淹没 UI）
+    if (message.length < 200) {
       return message;
     }
   }
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/AgentSteps.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/AgentSteps.tsx
index 067b667..0ef23a8 100644
--- a/frontend/src/pages/AgentSteps.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/AgentSteps.tsx
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import {
   TrendingUp,
   AlertTriangle,
 } from "lucide-react";
-import { useAgentSession, type StepItem } from "@/contexts/AgentSessionContext";
+import { useAgentSession } from "@/contexts/AgentSessionContext";
 import { lazy } from "react";
 const Markdown = lazy(() => import("@/components/Markdown"));
 
@@ -489,6 +489,44 @@ const StepDataView = memo(function StepDataView({ data, toolName }: { data: Reco
 
 export { getToolMeta, ArxivCandidateSelector, StepDataView, ActionConfirmCard };
 
+/**
+ * 从对话 items 反查 arxiv_ids 对应的候选论文元信息
+ * 用于在 ingest_arxiv 确认卡里显示标题/作者，避免让用户"盲确认"裸 ID
+ */
+function lookupArxivCandidates(
+  items: ReturnType<typeof useAgentSession>["items"],
+  arxivIds: string[]
+): Array<{ arxiv_id: string; title?: string; authors?: string[] }> {
+  const want = new Set(arxivIds.map((id) => id.split("v")[0])); // 去掉版本号
+  const found = new Map<string, { arxiv_id: string; title?: string; authors?: string[] }>();
+
+  for (let i = items.length - 1; i >= 0 && found.size < want.size; i--) {
+    const it = items[i];
+    if (it.type !== "step_group" || !it.steps) continue;
+    for (const step of it.steps) {
+      if (step.toolName !== "search_arxiv") continue;
+      const cands = step.data?.candidates;
+      if (!Array.isArray(cands)) continue;
+      for (const c of cands) {
+        const rec = c as Record<string, unknown>;
+        const aid = String(rec.arxiv_id ?? "").split("v")[0];
+        if (want.has(aid) && !found.has(aid)) {
+          found.set(aid, {
+            arxiv_id: String(rec.arxiv_id ?? aid),
+            title: rec.title ? String(rec.title) : undefined,
+            authors: Array.isArray(rec.authors) ? (rec.authors as string[]) : undefined,
+          });
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return arxivIds.map((id) => {
+    const base = id.split("v")[0];
+    return found.get(base) ?? { arxiv_id: id };
+  });
+}
+
 const ActionConfirmCard = memo(function ActionConfirmCard({
   actionId,
   description,
@@ -510,6 +548,15 @@ const ActionConfirmCard = memo(function ActionConfirmCard({
 }) {
   const meta = getToolMeta(tool);
   const Icon = meta.icon;
+  const { items } = useAgentSession();
+
+  // 特化：ingest_arxiv 时把 arxiv_ids 反查成标题/作者卡片
+  const ingestPreview = useMemo(() => {
+    if (tool !== "ingest_arxiv") return null;
+    const ids = args?.arxiv_ids;
+    if (!Array.isArray(ids) || ids.length === 0) return null;
+    return lookupArxivCandidates(items, ids.map(String));
+  }, [tool, args, items]);
   return (
     <div className="py-2">
       <div
@@ -541,19 +588,53 @@ const ActionConfirmCard = memo(function ActionConfirmCard({
             <div className="bg-warning-light flex h-8 w-8 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-lg">
               <Icon className="text-warning h-4 w-4" />
             </div>
-            <div>
+            <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
               <p className="text-ink text-sm font-medium">{description}</p>
-              {args && Object.keys(args).length > 0 && (
-                <div className="bg-page mt-1.5 rounded-lg px-2.5 py-1.5">
-                  {Object.entries(args).map(([k, v]) => (
-                    <div key={k} className="flex gap-1.5 text-[11px]">
-                      <span className="text-ink-secondary font-medium">{k}:</span>
-                      <span className="text-ink-tertiary">
-                        {typeof v === "string" ? v : JSON.stringify(v)}
-                      </span>
+              {ingestPreview && ingestPreview.length > 0 ? (
+                <div className="bg-page mt-1.5 space-y-1.5 rounded-lg px-2.5 py-2">
+                  <div className="text-ink-secondary text-[11px] font-medium">
+                    即将入库 {ingestPreview.length} 篇论文：
+                  </div>
+                  {ingestPreview.map((p, idx) => (
+                    <div
+                      key={p.arxiv_id}
+                      className="border-border/60 border-l-2 pl-2 text-[11px]"
+                    >
+                      <div className="text-ink leading-snug">
+                        <span className="text-ink-tertiary mr-1">{idx + 1}.</span>
+                        {p.title || <span className="text-warning">未找到元信息（仅 ID）</span>}
+                      </div>
+                      <div className="text-ink-tertiary mt-0.5 flex flex-wrap gap-x-2 gap-y-0.5">
+                        <span className="font-mono">{p.arxiv_id}</span>
+                        {p.authors && p.authors.length > 0 && (
+                          <span className="truncate">
+                            {p.authors.slice(0, 3).join(", ")}
+                            {p.authors.length > 3 ? " 等" : ""}
+                          </span>
+                        )}
+                      </div>
                     </div>
                   ))}
+                  {args?.query ? (
+                    <div className="text-ink-tertiary pt-1 text-[10px]">
+                      来源查询：<span className="font-mono">{String(args.query)}</span>
+                    </div>
+                  ) : null}
                 </div>
+              ) : (
+                args &&
+                Object.keys(args).length > 0 && (
+                  <div className="bg-page mt-1.5 rounded-lg px-2.5 py-1.5">
+                    {Object.entries(args).map(([k, v]) => (
+                      <div key={k} className="flex gap-1.5 text-[11px]">
+                        <span className="text-ink-secondary font-medium">{k}:</span>
+                        <span className="text-ink-tertiary">
+                          {typeof v === "string" ? v : JSON.stringify(v)}
+                        </span>
+                      </div>
+                    ))}
+                  </div>
+                )
               )}
             </div>
           </div>
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/Collect.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/Collect.tsx
index dbbfcf5..e1de47b 100644
--- a/frontend/src/pages/Collect.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/Collect.tsx
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import {
   X,
   Rss,
   Loader2,
-  RefreshCw,
   FileText,
   ExternalLink,
   ChevronDown,
@@ -33,22 +32,22 @@ import {
   Play,
   Layers,
 } from "lucide-react";
-import { ingestApi, topicApi } from "@/services/api";
+import { ingestApi, topicApi, paperApi } from "@/services/api";
 import { useToast } from "@/contexts/ToastContext";
 import ConfirmDialog from "@/components/ConfirmDialog";
 import type {
   Topic,
-  TopicCreate,
-  TopicUpdate,
   ScheduleFrequency,
   KeywordSuggestion,
   IngestPaper,
   TopicFetchResult,
+  MultiSourcePaper,
+  ChannelSuggestion,
 } from "@/types";
 import CSFeeds from "./CSFeeds";
 
 type SortBy = "submittedDate" | "relevance" | "lastUpdatedDate";
-type ActiveTab = "search" | "subscriptions" | "csfeeds";
+type ActiveTab = "search" | "subscriptions" | "csfeeds" | "multi";
 
 interface SearchResult {
   ingested: number;
@@ -98,6 +97,15 @@ function relativeTime(iso: string): string {
   return d.toLocaleDateString("zh-CN");
 }
 
+const CHANNEL_MAP: Record<string, { id: string; name: string; isFree: boolean }> = {
+  arxiv: { id: "arxiv", name: "ArXiv", isFree: true },
+  openalex: { id: "openalex", name: "OpenAlex", isFree: true },
+  semantic_scholar: { id: "semantic_scholar", name: "Semantic Scholar", isFree: true },
+  dblp: { id: "dblp", name: "DBLP", isFree: true },
+  ieee: { id: "ieee", name: "IEEE", isFree: false },
+  biorxiv: { id: "biorxiv", name: "bioRxiv", isFree: true },
+};
+
 export default function Collect() {
   const { toast } = useToast();
   const navigate = useNavigate();
@@ -113,6 +121,45 @@ export default function Collect() {
   const [results, setResults] = useState<SearchResult[]>([]);
   const [error, setError] = useState("");
 
+  // ========== 多源搜索 ==========
+  const [multiQuery, setMultiQuery] = useState("");
+  const [multiChannels, setMultiChannels] = useState<string[]>(["arxiv"]);
+  const [multiLoading, setMultiLoading] = useState(false);
+  const [multiResults, setMultiResults] = useState<MultiSourcePaper[]>([]);
+  const [multiSuggestions, setMultiSuggestions] = useState<ChannelSuggestion | null>(null);
+
+  const handleMultiSearch = useCallback(async (q: string, channels: string[]) => {
+    if (!q.trim()) return;
+    setMultiLoading(true);
+    try {
+      const res = await paperApi.multiSourceSearch(q.trim(), channels);
+      setMultiResults(res.results || []);
+      if (res.results && res.results.length > 0) {
+        toast("success", `找到 ${res.results.length} 篇相关论文`);
+      } else {
+        toast("info", "未找到相关论文");
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast("error", err instanceof Error ? err.message : "搜索失败");
+    } finally {
+      setMultiLoading(false);
+    }
+  }, [toast]);
+
+  const fetchMultiSuggestions = useCallback(async (q: string) => {
+    if (!q.trim()) { setMultiSuggestions(null); return; }
+    try {
+      const res = await paperApi.suggestChannels(q.trim());
+      setMultiSuggestions(res);
+    } catch { /* quiet */ }
+  }, []);
+
+  const applyMultiRecommendation = useCallback(() => {
+    if (multiSuggestions?.recommended) {
+      setMultiChannels(multiSuggestions.recommended);
+    }
+  }, [multiSuggestions]);
+
   // ========== 订阅管理 ==========
   const [topics, setTopics] = useState<Topic[]>([]);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
@@ -414,6 +461,17 @@ export default function Collect() {
           <Layers className="h-4 w-4" />
           分类订阅
         </button>
+        <button
+          onClick={() => setActiveTab("multi")}
+          className={`flex items-center gap-2 rounded-lg px-5 py-2.5 text-sm font-medium transition-all ${
+            activeTab === "multi"
+              ? "bg-primary text-white shadow-sm"
+              : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink hover:bg-muted"
+          }`}
+        >
+          <Sparkles className="h-4 w-4" />
+          多源搜索
+        </button>
       </div>
 
       {/* 错误 */}
@@ -542,6 +600,164 @@ export default function Collect() {
         </div>
       )}
 
+      {activeTab === "multi" && (
+        <div className="border-border bg-surface rounded-2xl border p-6 shadow-sm">
+          <div className="mb-5 flex items-center gap-2">
+            <div className="bg-primary/8 rounded-xl p-2">
+              <Sparkles className="text-primary h-4 w-4" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <h2 className="text-ink text-sm font-semibold">多源搜索</h2>
+              <p className="text-ink-tertiary text-xs">
+                从 ArXiv、OpenAlex、Semantic Scholar 等多渠道并行搜索
+              </p>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          <div className="space-y-4">
+            <div className="flex gap-3">
+              <div className="relative flex-1">
+                <Search className="text-ink-tertiary absolute top-1/2 left-3.5 h-4 w-4 -translate-y-1/2" />
+                <input
+                  type="text"
+                  value={multiQuery}
+                  onChange={(e) => {
+                    setMultiQuery(e.target.value);
+                    fetchMultiSuggestions(e.target.value);
+                  }}
+                  onKeyDown={(e) => {
+                    if (e.key === "Enter") handleMultiSearch(multiQuery, multiChannels);
+                  }}
+                  placeholder="输入关键词，如 machine learning transformer"
+                  className="border-border bg-page text-ink placeholder:text-ink-placeholder focus:border-primary focus:ring-primary/20 h-11 w-full rounded-xl border pr-4 pl-10 text-sm focus:ring-2 focus:outline-none"
+                />
+              </div>
+              <Button
+                onClick={() => handleMultiSearch(multiQuery, multiChannels)}
+                loading={multiLoading}
+                disabled={!multiQuery.trim() || multiChannels.length === 0}
+                icon={<Download className="h-4 w-4" />}
+              >
+                搜索
+              </Button>
+            </div>
+
+            {multiSuggestions && multiSuggestions.recommended.length > 0 && (
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm">
+                <Sparkles className="h-4 w-4 text-purple-500" />
+                <span className="text-ink-secondary">推荐渠道：</span>
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 flex-wrap">
+                  {multiSuggestions.recommended.map((id) => {
+                    const ch = CHANNEL_MAP[id];
+                    return ch ? (
+                      <span
+                        key={id}
+                        className="inline-flex items-center px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-purple-100 text-purple-800 text-xs dark:bg-purple-900/30 dark:text-purple-400"
+                      >
+                        {ch.name}
+                      </span>
+                    ) : null;
+                  })}
+                </div>
+                {JSON.stringify(multiSuggestions.recommended.sort()) !== JSON.stringify(multiChannels.sort()) && (
+                  <button
+                    type="button"
+                    onClick={applyMultiRecommendation}
+                    className="text-blue-500 hover:text-blue-600 text-xs"
+                  >
+                    应用推荐
+                  </button>
+                )}
+              </div>
+            )}
+
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap">
+              <span className="text-sm text-ink-secondary">渠道：</span>
+              {Object.values(CHANNEL_MAP).map((channel) => {
+                const isSelected = multiChannels.includes(channel.id);
+                return (
+                  <button
+                    key={channel.id}
+                    type="button"
+                    onClick={() => {
+                      setMultiChannels((prev) =>
+                        prev.includes(channel.id)
+                          ? prev.filter((id) => id !== channel.id)
+                          : [...prev, channel.id]
+                      );
+                    }}
+                    className={`
+                      inline-flex items-center px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm border transition-all
+                      ${
+                        isSelected
+                          ? "bg-primary text-white border-primary"
+                          : "bg-page text-ink-secondary border-border hover:border-ink-tertiary"
+                      }
+                    `}
+                  >
+                    {channel.name}
+                    {!channel.isFree && <span className="ml-1 text-[10px]">💰</span>}
+                  </button>
+                );
+              })}
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          {multiLoading && (
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-8">
+              <Loader2 className="h-6 w-6 animate-spin text-primary" />
+            </div>
+          )}
+
+          {!multiLoading && multiResults.length === 0 && multiQuery.trim() && (
+            <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-3 pt-8 text-center">
+              <Search className="h-10 w-10 text-ink-tertiary" />
+              <p className="text-sm text-ink-secondary">输入关键词开始多源搜索</p>
+            </div>
+          )}
+
+          {!multiLoading && multiResults.length > 0 && (
+            <div className="mt-5 space-y-3">
+              <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
+                <p className="text-sm text-ink-secondary">
+                  共找到 <span className="font-medium text-ink">{multiResults.length}</span> 篇论文
+                </p>
+              </div>
+              {multiResults.map((paper: MultiSourcePaper, idx: number) => {
+                const primarySource = paper.sources?.[0]?.channel;
+                return (
+                  <div
+                    key={paper.id || idx}
+                    className="border-border bg-page rounded-xl border p-4 hover:border-ink-tertiary transition-colors"
+                  >
+                    <h4 className="mb-1 text-sm font-medium text-ink line-clamp-2">{paper.title}</h4>
+                    {paper.authors && paper.authors.length > 0 && (
+                      <p className="mb-2 text-xs text-ink-tertiary">
+                        {paper.authors.slice(0, 3).join(", ")}
+                        {paper.authors.length > 3 && " et al."}
+                      </p>
+                    )}
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                      {primarySource && (
+                        <span className="inline-flex items-center rounded bg-primary/20 px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px] text-primary">
+                          {primarySource}
+                        </span>
+                      )}
+                      {paper.year && (
+                        <span className="text-[10px] text-ink-tertiary">{paper.year}</span>
+                      )}
+                      {paper.venue && (
+                        <span className="text-[10px] text-ink-tertiary">{paper.venue}</span>
+                      )}
+                    </div>
+                  </div>
+                );
+              })}
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </div>
+      )}
+
       {/* ================================================================
        * 自动订阅管理
        * ================================================================ */}
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/PaperDetail.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/PaperDetail.tsx
index ad564c0..be18ca5 100644
--- a/frontend/src/pages/PaperDetail.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/PaperDetail.tsx
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ export default function PaperDetail() {
     setReportTab("deep");
     try {
       const report = await pipelineApi.deep(id);
-      setSavedDeep(report);
+      setDeepReport(report);
       toast("success", "精读完成");
     } catch {
       toast("error", "精读失败");
@@ -491,9 +491,6 @@ export default function PaperDetail() {
       ? "done"
       : "idle";
 
-  const anyPipelineRunning =
-    skimLoading || deepLoading || figuresAnalyzing || reasoningLoading || embedLoading;
-
   return (
     <div className="animate-fade-in space-y-6">
       {/* 页面头 */}
@@ -1084,6 +1081,7 @@ export default function PaperDetail() {
             paperId={id!}
             paperTitle={paper.title}
             paperArxivId={paper.arxiv_id}
+            paperPdfPath={paper.pdf_path}
             onClose={() => setReaderOpen(false)}
           />
         </Suspense>
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/Settings.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/Settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf22094
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/Settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,1060 @@
+/**
+ * Claude 风格的设置页面 - 左侧导航 + 右侧内容
+ */
+import { useState, useCallback, useEffect } from "react";
+import {
+  Cpu,
+  Mail,
+  GitBranch,
+  Settings,
+  ChevronRight,
+  Plus,
+  Trash2,
+  Pencil,
+  Power,
+  PowerOff,
+  Eye,
+  EyeOff,
+  Server,
+  RefreshCw,
+  Play,
+  Link2,
+  BookOpen,
+  Activity,
+  Zap,
+  Network,
+  Calendar,
+  CheckCircle2,
+  XCircle,
+  Clock,
+  AlertTriangle,
+  Send,
+} from "lucide-react";
+import { useToast } from "@/contexts/ToastContext";
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui/Button";
+import { Badge } from "@/components/ui/Badge";
+import { Spinner } from "@/components/ui/Spinner";
+import {
+  llmConfigApi,
+  pipelineApi,
+  citationApi,
+  jobApi,
+  systemApi,
+  emailConfigApi,
+  dailyReportApi,
+} from "@/services/api";
+import { getErrorMessage } from "@/lib/errorHandler";
+import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
+import { formatDuration, timeAgo } from "@/lib/utils";
+
+type SettingsTab = "llm" | "email" | "pipeline" | "ops";
+
+const NAV_ITEMS: { key: SettingsTab; label: string; icon: typeof Cpu }[] = [
+  { key: "llm", label: "LLM 配置", icon: Cpu },
+  { key: "email", label: "邮箱与报告", icon: Mail },
+  { key: "pipeline", label: "Pipeline", icon: GitBranch },
+  { key: "ops", label: "运维", icon: Settings },
+];
+
+const PROVIDER_PRESETS: Record<string, { label: string; base_url: string; models: Record<string, string> }> = {
+  zhipu: {
+    label: "智谱 AI",
+    base_url: "https://open.bigmodel.cn/api/paas/v4/",
+    models: { model_skim: "glm-4.7", model_deep: "glm-4.7", model_vision: "glm-4.6v", model_embedding: "embedding-3", model_fallback: "glm-4.7" },
+  },
+  openai: {
+    label: "OpenAI",
+    base_url: "https://api.openai.com/v1",
+    models: { model_skim: "gpt-4o-mini", model_deep: "gpt-4.1", model_vision: "gpt-4o", model_embedding: "text-embedding-3-small", model_fallback: "gpt-4o-mini" },
+  },
+  anthropic: {
+    label: "Anthropic",
+    base_url: "",
+    models: { model_skim: "claude-3-haiku-20240307", model_deep: "claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022", model_embedding: "text-embedding-3-small", model_fallback: "claude-3-haiku-20240307" },
+  },
+};
+
+export default function SettingsPage() {
+  const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<SettingsTab>("llm");
+
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full">
+      {/* 左侧边栏 */}
+      <aside className="w-56 shrink-0 border-r border-border bg-page">
+        <div className="p-4">
+          <h1 className="mb-4 text-sm font-semibold text-ink">设置</h1>
+          <nav className="space-y-0.5">
+            {NAV_ITEMS.map((item) => {
+              const Icon = item.icon;
+              const isActive = activeTab === item.key;
+              return (
+                <button
+                  type="button"
+                  key={item.key}
+                  onClick={() => setActiveTab(item.key)}
+                  className={cn(
+                    "flex w-full items-center gap-2.5 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-sm transition-colors",
+                    isActive
+                      ? "bg-primary/10 text-primary font-medium"
+                      : "text-ink-secondary hover:bg-hover hover:text-ink"
+                  )}
+                >
+                  <Icon className="h-4 w-4" />
+                  {item.label}
+                  {isActive && <ChevronRight className="ml-auto h-3 w-3" />}
+                </button>
+              );
+            })}
+          </nav>
+        </div>
+      </aside>
+
+      {/* 右侧内容 */}
+      <main className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto bg-surface">
+        <div className="mx-auto max-w-3xl p-8">
+          {activeTab === "llm" && <LLMSettings />}
+          {activeTab === "email" && <EmailSettings />}
+          {activeTab === "pipeline" && <PipelineSettings />}
+          {activeTab === "ops" && <OpsSettings />}
+        </div>
+      </main>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+/* ======== LLM 设置 ======== */
+function ProviderBadge({ provider }: { provider: string }) {
+  const colors: Record<string, string> = {
+    zhipu: "bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 dark:bg-blue-900/30 dark:text-blue-300",
+    openai: "bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 dark:bg-emerald-900/30 dark:text-emerald-300",
+    anthropic: "bg-orange-100 text-orange-700 dark:bg-orange-900/30 dark:text-orange-300",
+  };
+  const labels: Record<string, string> = {
+    zhipu: "智谱",
+    openai: "OpenAI",
+    anthropic: "Anthropic",
+  };
+  return (
+    <span className={cn("inline-flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px] font-medium", colors[provider] || "bg-hover text-ink-tertiary")}>
+      <Server className="h-2.5 w-2.5" />
+      {labels[provider] || provider}
+    </span>
+  );
+}
+
+function LLMSettings() {
+  const { toast } = useToast();
+  const [configs, setConfigs] = useState<any[]>([]);
+  const [activeInfo, setActiveInfo] = useState<any>(null);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
+  const [showAdd, setShowAdd] = useState(false);
+  const [editCfg, setEditCfg] = useState<any>(null);
+  const [submitting, setSubmitting] = useState(false);
+  const [actionId, setActionId] = useState<string | null>(null);
+
+  const load = useCallback(async () => {
+    try {
+      const [listRes, activeRes] = await Promise.all([llmConfigApi.list(), llmConfigApi.active()]);
+      setConfigs(listRes.items || []);
+      setActiveInfo(activeRes);
+    } catch {
+      toast("error", "加载 LLM 配置失败");
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false);
+    }
+  }, [toast]);
+
+  useEffect(() => { load(); }, [load]);
+
+  const handleDeactivate = async () => {
+    setSubmitting(true);
+    try {
+      await llmConfigApi.deactivate();
+      await load();
+      toast("success", "已切回默认配置");
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast("error", getErrorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setSubmitting(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const handleActivate = async (id: string) => {
+    setActionId(id);
+    try {
+      await llmConfigApi.activate(id);
+      await load();
+      toast("success", "配置已激活");
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast("error", getErrorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setActionId(null);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const handleDelete = async (id: string) => {
+    if (!confirm("确定要删除此配置？")) return;
+    setActionId(id);
+    try {
+      await llmConfigApi.delete(id);
+      await load();
+      toast("success", "配置已删除");
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast("error", getErrorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setActionId(null);
+    }
+  };
+
+  if (loading) return <div className="flex h-64 items-center justify-center"><Spinner /></div>;
+
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-6">
+      <div>
+        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-ink">LLM 模型配置</h2>
+        <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-ink-secondary">配置 AI 模型，管理成本</p>
+      </div>
+
+      {/* 当前激活 */}
+      {activeInfo && (
+        <div className="rounded-xl border border-primary/30 bg-primary/5 p-5">
+          <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
+              <div className="flex h-12 w-12 items-center justify-center rounded-xl bg-primary/20">
+                <Cpu className="h-6 w-6 text-primary" />
+              </div>
+              <div>
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                  <span className="font-medium text-ink">{activeInfo.config?.name || "当前配置"}</span>
+                  <Badge variant="success">使用中</Badge>
+                  <ProviderBadge provider={activeInfo.config?.provider || ""} />
+                  <Badge variant={activeInfo.source === "database" ? "info" : "default"}>
+                    {activeInfo.source === "database" ? "用户配置" : ".env"}
+                  </Badge>
+                </div>
+                <div className="mt-1 flex gap-3 text-xs text-ink-secondary">
+                  <span>粗读: {activeInfo.config?.model_skim}</span>
+                  <span>精读: {activeInfo.config?.model_deep}</span>
+                  {activeInfo.config?.model_vision && <span>视觉: {activeInfo.config?.model_vision}</span>}
+                  <span>嵌入: {activeInfo.config?.model_embedding}</span>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+              <Button variant="secondary" size="sm" onClick={() => setEditCfg(activeInfo.config)}>
+                <Pencil className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+                编辑
+              </Button>
+              {activeInfo.source === "database" && (
+                <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={handleDeactivate} disabled={submitting}>
+                  <PowerOff className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+                  切回默认
+                </Button>
+              )}
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
+      {/* 配置列表 */}
+      <div className="space-y-3">
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
+          <h3 className="text-sm font-medium text-ink">所有配置</h3>
+          <Button variant="primary" size="sm" onClick={() => setShowAdd(true)}>
+            <Plus className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+            添加配置
+          </Button>
+        </div>
+
+        {configs.length === 0 ? (
+          <div className="rounded-xl border border-dashed border-border p-8 text-center">
+            <Cpu className="mx-auto h-8 w-8 text-ink-tertiary" />
+            <p className="mt-2 text-sm text-ink-secondary">暂无自定义配置</p>
+          </div>
+        ) : (
+          <div className="space-y-2">
+            {configs.map((cfg) => (
+              <div
+                key={cfg.id}
+                className={cn(
+                  "flex items-center justify-between rounded-xl border p-4 transition-colors",
+                  cfg.is_active ? "border-primary/30 bg-primary/5" : "border-border bg-page hover:border-ink-tertiary"
+                )}
+              >
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
+                  <div className={cn("flex h-10 w-10 items-center justify-center rounded-lg", cfg.is_active ? "bg-primary/20" : "bg-hover")}>
+                    <Server className={cn("h-5 w-5", cfg.is_active ? "text-primary" : "text-ink-tertiary")} />
+                  </div>
+                  <div>
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                      <span className="font-medium text-ink">{cfg.name}</span>
+                      {cfg.is_active && <Badge variant="default">激活</Badge>}
+                      <ProviderBadge provider={cfg.provider} />
+                    </div>
+                    <div className="mt-1 flex gap-2 text-xs text-ink-tertiary">
+                      <span>{cfg.api_key_masked}</span>
+                    </div>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
+                  {!cfg.is_active && (
+                    <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => handleActivate(cfg.id)} disabled={actionId !== null}>
+                    <Power className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+                    激活
+                  </Button>
+                  )}
+                  <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => setEditCfg(cfg)} disabled={actionId !== null}><Pencil className="h-3.5 w-3.5" /></Button>
+                  <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => handleDelete(cfg.id)} disabled={cfg.is_active || actionId !== null}>
+                    <Trash2 className="h-3.5 w-3.5 text-error" />
+                  </Button>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            ))}
+          </div>
+        )}
+      </div>
+
+      {/* 添加/编辑弹窗 */}
+      {(showAdd || editCfg) && (
+        <ConfigModal
+          config={editCfg}
+          onClose={() => { setShowAdd(false); setEditCfg(null); }}
+          onSaved={() => { setShowAdd(false); setEditCfg(null); load(); }}
+        />
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+function ConfigModal({ config, onClose, onSaved }: { config?: any; onClose: () => void; onSaved: () => void }) {
+  const { toast } = useToast();
+  const [form, setForm] = useState({
+    name: config?.name || "",
+    provider: config?.provider || "zhipu",
+    api_key: "",
+    api_base_url: config?.api_base_url || PROVIDER_PRESETS.zhipu.base_url,
+    model_skim: config?.model_skim || "glm-4.7",
+    model_deep: config?.model_deep || "glm-4.7",
+    model_vision: config?.model_vision || "glm-4.6v",
+    model_embedding: config?.model_embedding || "embedding-3",
+    model_fallback: config?.model_fallback || "glm-4.7",
+  });
+  const [showKey, setShowKey] = useState(false);
+  const [submitting, setSubmitting] = useState(false);
+  const [error, setError] = useState("");
+
+  const setField = (k: string, v: string) => setForm((p) => ({ ...p, [k]: v }));
+
+  const handleProviderChange = (provider: string) => {
+    const preset = PROVIDER_PRESETS[provider];
+    if (preset) {
+      setForm((p) => ({ ...p, provider, api_base_url: preset.base_url, ...preset.models }));
+    }
+  };
+
+  const handleSubmit = async () => {
+    if (!form.name.trim()) { setError("请输入配置名称"); return; }
+    if (!form.api_key.trim() && !config) { setError("请输入 API Key"); return; }
+    setSubmitting(true);
+    setError("");
+    try {
+      if (config) {
+        const payload: any = { name: form.name, provider: form.provider, api_base_url: form.api_base_url, model_skim: form.model_skim, model_deep: form.model_deep, model_vision: form.model_vision, model_embedding: form.model_embedding, model_fallback: form.model_fallback };
+        if (form.api_key) payload.api_key = form.api_key;
+        await llmConfigApi.update(config.id, payload);
+        toast("success", "配置已保存");
+      } else {
+        await llmConfigApi.create(form);
+        toast("success", "配置已创建");
+      }
+      onSaved();
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      setError(getErrorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setSubmitting(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="fixed inset-0 z-50 flex items-center justify-center bg-black/50 backdrop-blur-sm">
+      <div className="mx-4 w-full max-w-lg rounded-2xl border border-border bg-surface p-6 shadow-xl">
+        <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-ink">{config ? "编辑配置" : "添加配置"}</h3>
+        {error && <div className="mt-3 rounded-lg bg-error-light px-3 py-2 text-xs text-error">{error}</div>}
+        <div className="mt-4 space-y-4">
+          <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="cfg-name" className="mb-1.5 block text-xs font-medium text-ink-secondary">配置名称</label>
+              <input id="cfg-name" value={form.name} onChange={(e) => setField("name", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-3 py-2 text-sm text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" placeholder="如：智谱 AI" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="cfg-provider" className="mb-1.5 block text-xs font-medium text-ink-secondary">服务商</label>
+              <select id="cfg-provider" value={form.provider} onChange={(e) => handleProviderChange(e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-3 py-2 text-sm text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary">
+                {Object.entries(PROVIDER_PRESETS).map(([k, v]) => <option key={k} value={k}>{v.label}</option>)}
+              </select>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <label htmlFor="cfg-apikey" className="mb-1.5 block text-xs font-medium text-ink-secondary">API Key</label>
+            <div className="relative">
+              <input id="cfg-apikey" type={showKey ? "text" : "password"} value={form.api_key} onChange={(e) => setField("api_key", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-3 py-2 pr-10 text-sm text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" placeholder={config ? "留空保持不变" : "输入 API Key"} />
+              <button type="button" onClick={() => setShowKey(!showKey)} className="absolute right-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-ink-tertiary hover:text-ink">
+                {showKey ? <EyeOff className="h-4 w-4" /> : <Eye className="h-4 w-4" />}
+              </button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <label htmlFor="cfg-baseurl" className="mb-1.5 block text-xs font-medium text-ink-secondary">Base URL（可选）</label>
+            <input id="cfg-baseurl" value={form.api_base_url} onChange={(e) => setField("api_base_url", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-3 py-2 text-sm text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" placeholder="留空使用默认" />
+          </div>
+          <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="cfg-model-skim" className="mb-1.5 block text-xs font-medium text-ink-secondary">文本模型</label>
+              <input id="cfg-model-skim" value={form.model_skim} onChange={(e) => setField("model_skim", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-3 py-2 text-sm text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="cfg-model-vision" className="mb-1.5 block text-xs font-medium text-ink-secondary">视觉模型</label>
+              <input id="cfg-model-vision" value={form.model_vision} onChange={(e) => setField("model_vision", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-3 py-2 text-sm text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="cfg-model-embedding" className="mb-1.5 block text-xs font-medium text-ink-secondary">嵌入模型</label>
+              <input id="cfg-model-embedding" value={form.model_embedding} onChange={(e) => setField("model_embedding", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-3 py-2 text-sm text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="cfg-model-fallback" className="mb-1.5 block text-xs font-medium text-ink-secondary">备用模型</label>
+              <input id="cfg-model-fallback" value={form.model_fallback} onChange={(e) => setField("model_fallback", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-3 py-2 text-sm text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" />
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+        <div className="mt-6 flex justify-end gap-3">
+          <Button variant="ghost" onClick={onClose}>取消</Button>
+          <Button onClick={handleSubmit} disabled={submitting}>{submitting ? <Spinner className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" /> : null}{config ? "保存" : "创建"}</Button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+/* ======== 邮箱设置 ======== */
+function EmailSettings() {
+  const { toast } = useToast();
+  const [emailConfigs, setEmailConfigs] = useState<any[]>([]);
+  const [dailyReport, setDailyReport] = useState<any>(null);
+  const [localConfig, setLocalConfig] = useState<any>(null);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
+  const [submitting, setSubmitting] = useState(false);
+  const [showAddEmail, setShowAddEmail] = useState(false);
+  const [editEmailConfig, setEditEmailConfig] = useState<any>(null);
+  const [testEmailId, setTestEmailId] = useState<string | null>(null);
+
+  const loadEmails = useCallback(async () => {
+    try { setEmailConfigs(await emailConfigApi.list() || []); } catch { toast("error", "加载邮箱配置失败"); }
+  }, [toast]);
+
+  const loadDaily = useCallback(async () => {
+    try {
+      const data = await dailyReportApi.getConfig();
+      setDailyReport(data);
+      setLocalConfig(data);
+    } catch { toast("error", "加载报告配置失败"); }
+  }, [toast]);
+
+  useEffect(() => { Promise.all([loadEmails(), loadDaily()]).finally(() => setLoading(false)); }, [loadEmails, loadDaily]);
+
+  const handleActivateEmail = async (id: string) => {
+    setSubmitting(true);
+    try {
+      await emailConfigApi.activate(id);
+      await loadEmails();
+      toast("success", "邮箱已激活");
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast("error", getErrorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setSubmitting(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const handleDeleteEmail = async (id: string) => {
+    if (!confirm("确定要删除此邮箱配置？")) return;
+    try {
+      await emailConfigApi.delete(id);
+      await loadEmails();
+      toast("success", "邮箱配置已删除");
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast("error", getErrorMessage(err));
+    }
+  };
+
+  const handleTestEmail = async (id: string) => {
+    setTestEmailId(id);
+    try {
+      await emailConfigApi.test(id);
+      toast("success", "测试邮件已发送，请检查邮箱");
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast("error", getErrorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setTestEmailId(null);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const handleUpdateDailyReport = async (updates: any) => {
+    setSubmitting(true);
+    try {
+      const body: Record<string, unknown> = { ...updates };
+      if (updates.recipient_emails !== undefined) {
+        body.recipient_emails = Array.isArray(updates.recipient_emails) ? updates.recipient_emails.join(",") : updates.recipient_emails;
+      }
+      const data = await dailyReportApi.updateConfig(body);
+      if (data.config) {
+        setDailyReport(data.config);
+        setLocalConfig(data.config);
+        toast("success", "每日报告配置已更新");
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast("error", getErrorMessage(err));
+      await loadDaily();
+    } finally {
+      setSubmitting(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const handleInputChange = (field: string, value: any) => {
+    setLocalConfig((prev: any) => ({ ...prev, [field]: value }));
+  };
+
+  const handleInputBlur = (field: string) => {
+    if (localConfig && localConfig[field] !== dailyReport[field]) {
+      handleUpdateDailyReport({ [field]: localConfig[field] });
+    }
+  };
+
+  const handleRunDailyWorkflow = async () => {
+    if (!confirm("确定要立即执行每日工作流吗？这将使用AI推荐系统找出高价值论文进行精读，生成每日简报并发送邮件报告。\n\n注意：精读论文需要几分钟时间，任务将在后台执行，请稍后查看结果。")) return;
+    setSubmitting(true);
+    try {
+      await dailyReportApi.runOnce();
+      toast("success", "每日报告工作流已启动，正在后台执行");
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast("error", getErrorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setSubmitting(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  if (loading) return <div className="flex h-64 items-center justify-center"><Spinner /></div>;
+
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-8">
+      <div>
+        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-ink">邮箱与报告</h2>
+        <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-ink-secondary">配置邮件发送和每日报告</p>
+      </div>
+
+      {/* 邮箱配置 */}
+      <div className="space-y-3">
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
+          <h3 className="text-sm font-medium text-ink">邮箱配置</h3>
+          <Button variant="secondary" size="sm" onClick={() => setShowAddEmail(true)}>
+            <Plus className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" /> 添加邮箱
+          </Button>
+        </div>
+        {emailConfigs.length === 0 ? (
+          <div className="rounded-xl border border-dashed border-border p-6 text-center">
+            <Mail className="mx-auto h-6 w-6 text-ink-tertiary" />
+            <p className="mt-2 text-sm text-ink-secondary">暂无邮箱配置</p>
+          </div>
+        ) : (
+          emailConfigs.map((cfg) => (
+            <div key={cfg.id} className={cn("flex items-center justify-between rounded-xl border p-4", cfg.is_active ? "border-primary/30 bg-primary/5" : "border-border bg-page")}>
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
+                <div className="flex h-10 w-10 items-center justify-center rounded-lg bg-hover">
+                  <Mail className="h-5 w-5 text-ink-tertiary" />
+                </div>
+                <div>
+                  <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                    <span className="font-medium text-ink">{cfg.name}</span>
+                    {cfg.is_active && <Badge variant="default">激活</Badge>}
+                  </div>
+                  <p className="text-xs text-ink-tertiary">{cfg.sender_email}</p>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
+                {!cfg.is_active && <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => handleActivateEmail(cfg.id)} disabled={submitting}><Power className="h-3.5 w-3.5" /></Button>}
+                <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => handleTestEmail(cfg.id)} disabled={testEmailId === cfg.id}>
+                  {testEmailId === cfg.id ? <Spinner className="h-3.5 w-3.5" /> : <Send className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />}
+                </Button>
+                <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => setEditEmailConfig(cfg)}><Pencil className="h-3.5 w-3.5" /></Button>
+                <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => handleDeleteEmail(cfg.id)} disabled={cfg.is_active}><Trash2 className="h-3.5 w-3.5 text-error" /></Button>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          ))
+        )}
+      </div>
+
+      {/* 每日报告 */}
+      {dailyReport && (
+        <div className="space-y-4">
+          <h3 className="text-sm font-medium text-ink">每日报告</h3>
+          <div className="rounded-xl border border-border bg-page p-5 space-y-4">
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
+                <div className="flex h-10 w-10 items-center justify-center rounded-lg bg-primary/10">
+                  <Activity className="h-5 w-5 text-primary" />
+                </div>
+                <div>
+                  <p className="font-medium text-ink">每日报告</p>
+                  <p className="text-xs text-ink-secondary">{dailyReport.enabled ? "已启用" : "已禁用"}</p>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+              <button
+                type="button"
+                onClick={() => handleUpdateDailyReport({ enabled: !dailyReport.enabled })}
+                disabled={submitting}
+                className={cn("relative h-6 w-11 rounded-full transition-colors", dailyReport.enabled ? "bg-primary" : "bg-ink-tertiary")}
+              >
+                <span className={cn("absolute top-0.5 h-5 w-5 rounded-full bg-white transition-transform", dailyReport.enabled ? "translate-x-6" : "translate-x-0.5")} />
+              </button>
+            </div>
+
+            {dailyReport.enabled && (
+              <>
+                <div className="space-y-2">
+                  <div className="mb-2 flex items-center justify-between">
+                    <p className="text-xs font-medium text-ink">发送邮件报告</p>
+                    <button
+                      type="button"
+                      onClick={() => handleUpdateDailyReport({ send_email_report: !dailyReport.send_email_report })}
+                      disabled={submitting}
+                      className={cn("relative h-4 w-8 rounded-full transition-colors", dailyReport.send_email_report ? "bg-primary" : "bg-ink-tertiary")}
+                    >
+                      <span className={cn("absolute top-0.5 h-3 w-3 rounded-full bg-white transition-transform", dailyReport.send_email_report ? "translate-x-[1.125rem]" : "translate-x-0.5")} />
+                    </button>
+                  </div>
+                  {dailyReport.send_email_report && (
+                    <div className="space-y-2">
+                      <input
+                        type="text"
+                        placeholder="收件人邮箱（逗号分隔）"
+                        value={localConfig?.recipient_emails ?? dailyReport.recipient_emails}
+                        onChange={(e) => handleInputChange("recipient_emails", e.target.value)}
+                        onBlur={() => handleInputBlur("recipient_emails")}
+                        disabled={submitting}
+                        className="w-full rounded border border-border bg-surface px-2 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink placeholder:text-ink-placeholder"
+                      />
+                      <div className="space-y-1">
+                        <label htmlFor="cron-expression" className="text-[10px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">定时任务 Cron 表达式</label>
+                        <input
+                          id="cron-expression"
+                          type="text"
+                          placeholder="0 4 * * *"
+                          value={localConfig?.cron_expression ?? dailyReport.cron_expression ?? "0 4 * * *"}
+                          onChange={(e) => handleInputChange("cron_expression", e.target.value)}
+                          onBlur={() => handleInputBlur("cron_expression")}
+                          disabled={submitting}
+                          className="w-full rounded border border-border bg-surface px-2 py-1.5 text-xs font-mono text-ink placeholder:text-ink-placeholder"
+                        />
+                        <p className="text-[9px] text-ink-tertiary">
+                          默认：<code className="font-mono">0 4 * * *</code>（UTC 4 点 = 北京时间 12 点）
+                          <br />
+                          格式：<code className="font-mono">分 时 日 月 周</code>
+                        </p>
+                      </div>
+                    </div>
+                  )}
+                </div>
+
+                <div className="flex items-center justify-between rounded-lg border border-border bg-surface px-3 py-2">
+                  <div>
+                    <p className="text-xs font-medium text-ink">自动精读新论文</p>
+                    <p className="text-[10px] text-ink-tertiary">每日自动精选高价值论文进行深度阅读</p>
+                  </div>
+                  <button
+                    type="button"
+                    onClick={() => handleUpdateDailyReport({ auto_deep_read: !dailyReport.auto_deep_read })}
+                    disabled={submitting}
+                    className={cn("relative h-5 w-9 rounded-full transition-colors", dailyReport.auto_deep_read ? "bg-primary" : "bg-ink-tertiary")}
+                  >
+                    <span className={cn("absolute top-0.5 h-4 w-4 rounded-full bg-white transition-transform", dailyReport.auto_deep_read ? "translate-x-5" : "translate-x-0.5")} />
+                  </button>
+                </div>
+                {dailyReport.auto_deep_read && (
+                  <div className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-lg border border-border bg-surface px-3 py-2">
+                    <span className="text-xs text-ink-secondary">每日精读上限</span>
+                    <input
+                      type="number"
+                      min={1}
+                      max={100}
+                      value={localConfig?.deep_read_limit ?? dailyReport.deep_read_limit ?? 10}
+                      onChange={(e) => handleInputChange("deep_read_limit", parseInt(e.target.value) || 10)}
+                      onBlur={() => handleInputBlur("deep_read_limit")}
+                      disabled={submitting}
+                      className="w-20 rounded border border-border bg-page px-2 py-1 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary"
+                    />
+                    <span className="text-xs text-ink-tertiary">篇</span>
+                  </div>
+                )}
+
+                <div className="rounded-lg border border-border bg-surface px-3 py-2">
+                  <p className="mb-2 text-xs font-medium text-ink">报告内容</p>
+                  <div className="space-y-1">
+                    <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-ink-secondary cursor-pointer">
+                      <input
+                        type="checkbox"
+                        checked={dailyReport.include_paper_details}
+                        onChange={(e) => handleUpdateDailyReport({ include_paper_details: e.target.checked })}
+                        disabled={submitting}
+                        className="h-3.5 w-3.5 rounded border-border text-primary focus:ring-1 focus:ring-primary"
+                      />
+                      <span>包含论文详情</span>
+                    </label>
+                    <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-ink-secondary cursor-pointer">
+                      <input
+                        type="checkbox"
+                        checked={dailyReport.include_graph_insights}
+                        onChange={(e) => handleUpdateDailyReport({ include_graph_insights: e.target.checked })}
+                        disabled={submitting}
+                        className="h-3.5 w-3.5 rounded border-border text-primary focus:ring-1 focus:ring-primary"
+                      />
+                      <span>包含图谱洞察</span>
+                    </label>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+
+                <Button variant="secondary" size="sm" onClick={handleRunDailyWorkflow} disabled={submitting} className="w-full">
+                  {submitting ? <><Spinner className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" />执行中...</> : <><Play className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" />立即执行</>}
+                </Button>
+              </>
+            )}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
+      {/* 添加邮箱弹窗 */}
+      {showAddEmail && (
+        <AddEmailConfigModal
+          onCreated={() => { setShowAddEmail(false); loadEmails(); }}
+          onCancel={() => setShowAddEmail(false)}
+        />
+      )}
+
+      {/* 编辑邮箱弹窗 */}
+      {editEmailConfig && (
+        <EditEmailConfigModal
+          config={editEmailConfig}
+          onSaved={() => { setEditEmailConfig(null); loadEmails(); }}
+          onCancel={() => setEditEmailConfig(null)}
+        />
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+function AddEmailConfigModal({ onCreated, onCancel }: { onCreated: () => void; onCancel: () => void }) {
+  const { toast } = useToast();
+  const [form, setForm] = useState({
+    name: "",
+    smtp_server: "",
+    smtp_port: 587,
+    smtp_use_tls: true,
+    sender_email: "",
+    sender_name: "PaperMind",
+    username: "",
+    password: "",
+  });
+  const [submitting, setSubmitting] = useState(false);
+  const [error, setError] = useState("");
+
+  const setField = (key: string, value: any) => setForm((prev) => ({ ...prev, [key]: value }));
+
+  const handleSelectPreset = async (provider: string) => {
+    try {
+      const data = await emailConfigApi.smtpPresets();
+      const preset = data[provider];
+      if (!preset) {
+        toast("error", `未找到 ${provider} 邮箱的预设配置`);
+        return;
+      }
+      setForm((prev) => ({
+        ...prev,
+        smtp_server: preset.smtp_server || prev.smtp_server,
+        smtp_port: preset.smtp_port || 587,
+        smtp_use_tls: preset.smtp_use_tls !== false,
+      }));
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast("error", getErrorMessage(err));
+    }
+  };
+
+  const handleSubmit = async () => {
+    if (!form.name.trim() || !form.smtp_server || !form.sender_email || !form.username || !form.password) {
+      setError("请填写所有必填字段");
+      return;
+    }
+    setSubmitting(true);
+    setError("");
+    try {
+      await emailConfigApi.create(form);
+      toast("success", "邮箱配置已添加");
+      onCreated();
+    } catch (err) {
+      setError(getErrorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setSubmitting(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="fixed inset-0 z-50 flex items-center justify-center bg-black/50 backdrop-blur-sm">
+      <div className="mx-4 w-full max-w-md rounded-2xl border border-border bg-surface p-6 shadow-xl">
+        <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-ink">添加邮箱配置</h3>
+        {error && <div className="mt-3 rounded-lg bg-error-light px-3 py-2 text-xs text-error">{error}</div>}
+        <div className="mt-4 space-y-3">
+          <div className="flex gap-2">
+            <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => handleSelectPreset("qq")} className="flex-1">QQ 邮箱</Button>
+            <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => handleSelectPreset("gmail")} className="flex-1">Gmail</Button>
+            <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => handleSelectPreset("163")} className="flex-1">163 邮箱</Button>
+          </div>
+          <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="email-name" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">配置名称</label>
+              <input id="email-name" value={form.name} onChange={(e) => setField("name", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" placeholder="如：我的QQ邮箱" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="email-sender" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">发件人邮箱</label>
+              <input id="email-sender" value={form.sender_email} onChange={(e) => setField("sender_email", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" placeholder="example@qq.com" />
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="email-smtp" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">SMTP 服务器</label>
+              <input id="email-smtp" value={form.smtp_server} onChange={(e) => setField("smtp_server", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" placeholder="smtp.qq.com" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="email-port" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">SMTP 端口</label>
+              <input id="email-port" type="number" value={form.smtp_port} onChange={(e) => setField("smtp_port", parseInt(e.target.value) || 587)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" />
+            </div>
+          </div>
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="email-username" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">用户名</label>
+              <input id="email-username" value={form.username} onChange={(e) => setField("username", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" placeholder="同发件人邮箱" />
+          </div>
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="email-password" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">密码/授权码</label>
+              <input id="email-password" type="password" value={form.password} onChange={(e) => setField("password", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" placeholder="邮箱授权码" />
+          </div>
+          <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-ink-secondary cursor-pointer">
+            <input type="checkbox" checked={form.smtp_use_tls} onChange={(e) => setField("smtp_use_tls", e.target.checked)} className="h-3.5 w-3.5 rounded border-border text-primary focus:ring-1 focus:ring-primary" />
+            <span>使用 TLS 加密</span>
+          </label>
+        </div>
+        <div className="mt-6 flex justify-end gap-3">
+          <Button variant="ghost" onClick={onCancel}>取消</Button>
+          <Button onClick={handleSubmit} disabled={submitting}>{submitting ? <Spinner className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" /> : null}添加</Button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+function EditEmailConfigModal({ config, onSaved, onCancel }: { config: any; onSaved: () => void; onCancel: () => void }) {
+  const [form, setForm] = useState({
+    name: config.name,
+    smtp_server: config.smtp_server,
+    smtp_port: config.smtp_port,
+    smtp_use_tls: config.smtp_use_tls,
+    sender_email: config.sender_email,
+    sender_name: config.sender_name || "PaperMind",
+    username: config.username,
+    password: "",
+  });
+  const [submitting, setSubmitting] = useState(false);
+  const [error, setError] = useState("");
+
+  const setField = (key: string, value: any) => setForm((prev) => ({ ...prev, [key]: value }));
+
+  const handleSubmit = async () => {
+    setSubmitting(true);
+    setError("");
+    try {
+      const payload = { ...form };
+      if (!form.password) delete (payload as any).password;
+      await emailConfigApi.update(config.id, payload);
+      onSaved();
+    } catch (err) {
+      setError(getErrorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setSubmitting(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="fixed inset-0 z-50 flex items-center justify-center bg-black/50 backdrop-blur-sm">
+      <div className="mx-4 w-full max-w-md rounded-2xl border border-border bg-surface p-6 shadow-xl">
+        <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-ink">编辑邮箱配置</h3>
+        {error && <div className="mt-3 rounded-lg bg-error-light px-3 py-2 text-xs text-error">{error}</div>}
+        <div className="mt-4 space-y-3">
+          <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="edit-email-name" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">配置名称</label>
+              <input id="edit-email-name" value={form.name} onChange={(e) => setField("name", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="edit-email-sender" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">发件人邮箱</label>
+              <input id="edit-email-sender" value={form.sender_email} onChange={(e) => setField("sender_email", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" />
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="edit-email-smtp" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">SMTP 服务器</label>
+              <input id="edit-email-smtp" value={form.smtp_server} onChange={(e) => setField("smtp_server", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <label htmlFor="edit-email-port" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">SMTP 端口</label>
+              <input id="edit-email-port" type="number" value={form.smtp_port} onChange={(e) => setField("smtp_port", parseInt(e.target.value) || 587)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" />
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <label htmlFor="edit-email-username" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">用户名</label>
+            <input id="edit-email-username" value={form.username} onChange={(e) => setField("username", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" />
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <label htmlFor="edit-email-password" className="mb-1 block text-[11px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">新密码（留空不改）</label>
+            <input id="edit-email-password" type="password" value={form.password} onChange={(e) => setField("password", e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-lg border border-border bg-page px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ink outline-none focus:border-primary" placeholder="留空保持不变" />
+          </div>
+          <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-ink-secondary cursor-pointer">
+            <input type="checkbox" checked={form.smtp_use_tls} onChange={(e) => setField("smtp_use_tls", e.target.checked)} className="h-3.5 w-3.5 rounded border-border text-primary focus:ring-1 focus:ring-primary" />
+            <span>使用 TLS 加密</span>
+          </label>
+        </div>
+        <div className="mt-6 flex justify-end gap-3">
+          <Button variant="ghost" onClick={onCancel}>取消</Button>
+          <Button onClick={handleSubmit} disabled={submitting}>{submitting ? <Spinner className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" /> : null}保存</Button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+/* ======== Pipeline 设置 ======== */
+function StatusDot({ status }: { status: string }) {
+  const colors: Record<string, string> = {
+    succeeded: "bg-success",
+    failed: "bg-error",
+    running: "bg-info animate-pulse",
+    pending: "bg-warning",
+  };
+  return <span className={cn("inline-block h-2 w-2 shrink-0 rounded-full", colors[status] || "bg-ink-tertiary")} />;
+}
+
+function PipelineSettings() {
+  const [runs, setRuns] = useState<any[]>([]);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
+  const [filter, setFilter] = useState<"all" | "succeeded" | "failed" | "running">("all");
+
+  const loadRuns = useCallback(async () => {
+    try { setRuns((await pipelineApi.runs(50)).items || []); } catch { /* quiet */ } finally { setLoading(false); }
+  }, []);
+
+  useEffect(() => { loadRuns(); }, [loadRuns]);
+
+  if (loading) return <div className="flex h-64 items-center justify-center"><Spinner /></div>;
+
+  const filtered = filter === "all" ? runs : runs.filter((r) => r.status === filter);
+  const counts = { all: runs.length, succeeded: runs.filter((r) => r.status === "succeeded").length, failed: runs.filter((r) => r.status === "failed").length, running: runs.filter((r) => r.status === "running" || r.status === "pending").length };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-6">
+      <div>
+        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-ink">Pipeline 运行记录</h2>
+        <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-ink-secondary">查看和管理 Pipeline 执行历史</p>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+        {(["all", "succeeded", "failed", "running"] as const).map((f) => (
+          <button type="button" key={f} onClick={() => setFilter(f)} className={cn("rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-xs font-medium transition-colors", filter === f ? "bg-primary text-white" : "bg-hover text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}>
+            {f === "all" ? `全部 (${counts.all})` : f === "succeeded" ? `成功 (${counts.succeeded})` : f === "failed" ? `失败 (${counts.failed})` : `进行中 (${counts.running})`}
+          </button>
+        ))}
+        <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={loadRuns} className="ml-auto"><RefreshCw className="h-3.5 w-3.5" /></Button>
+      </div>
+
+      {filtered.length === 0 ? (
+        <div className="rounded-xl border border-dashed border-border p-8 text-center">
+          <GitBranch className="mx-auto h-8 w-8 text-ink-tertiary" />
+          <p className="mt-2 text-sm text-ink-secondary">暂无运行记录</p>
+        </div>
+      ) : (
+        <div className="max-h-[400px] space-y-1 overflow-y-auto">
+          {filtered.map((run) => (
+            <div key={run.id} className="flex items-center gap-3 rounded-lg px-3 py-2.5 hover:bg-hover">
+              <StatusDot status={run.status} />
+              <span className="font-medium text-ink">{run.pipeline_name}</span>
+              {run.paper_id && <span className="font-mono text-[10px] text-ink-tertiary">{run.paper_id.slice(0, 8)}</span>}
+              <span className="ml-auto text-xs text-ink-tertiary">{run.elapsed_ms != null ? formatDuration(run.elapsed_ms) : ""}</span>
+              <span className="text-xs text-ink-tertiary">{timeAgo(run.created_at)}</span>
+            </div>
+          ))}
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+/* ======== 运维设置 ======== */
+interface OpResult { success: boolean; message: string; }
+
+function OpsSettings() {
+  const { toast } = useToast();
+  const [results, setResults] = useState<Record<string, OpResult>>({});
+  const [loadings, setLoadings] = useState<Record<string, boolean>>({});
+
+  const setL = (k: string, v: boolean) => setLoadings((p) => ({ ...p, [k]: v }));
+  const setR = (k: string, r: OpResult) => setResults((p) => ({ ...p, [k]: r }));
+
+  const ops = [
+    { key: "batchProcess", label: "一键嵌入 & 粗读未读论文", desc: "对所有未读论文执行向量嵌入 + AI 粗读（并行处理）", icon: BookOpen, action: async () => { setL("batchProcess", true); try { const r = await jobApi.batchProcessUnread(50); setR("batchProcess", { success: r.failed === 0, message: r.message }); } catch (err) { setR("batchProcess", { success: false, message: err instanceof Error ? err.message : "失败" }); } finally { setL("batchProcess", false); } } },
+    { key: "syncIncremental", label: "增量引用同步", desc: "同步论文之间的引用关系", icon: Link2, action: async () => { setL("syncIncremental", true); try { const r = await citationApi.syncIncremental(); setR("syncIncremental", { success: true, message: `同步完成，处理 ${r.processed_papers ?? 0} 篇，新增 ${r.edges_inserted} 条边` }); } catch (err) { setR("syncIncremental", { success: false, message: err instanceof Error ? err.message : "失败" }); } finally { setL("syncIncremental", false); } } },
+    { key: "dailyJob", label: "执行每日任务", desc: "抓取论文 + 生成简报", icon: Calendar, action: async () => { setL("dailyJob", true); try { await jobApi.dailyRun(); setR("dailyJob", { success: true, message: "每日任务执行完成" }); } catch (err) { setR("dailyJob", { success: false, message: err instanceof Error ? err.message : "失败" }); } finally { setL("dailyJob", false); } } },
+    { key: "weeklyJob", label: "每周图维护", desc: "引用同步 + 图谱维护", icon: Network, action: async () => { setL("weeklyJob", true); try { await jobApi.weeklyGraphRun(); setR("weeklyJob", { success: true, message: "每周维护执行完成" }); } catch (err) { setR("weeklyJob", { success: false, message: err instanceof Error ? err.message : "失败" }); } finally { setL("weeklyJob", false); } } },
+    { key: "health", label: "系统健康检查", desc: "数据库 + 统计信息", icon: Zap, action: async () => { setL("health", true); try { const r = await systemApi.status(); setR("health", { success: r.health.status === "ok", message: `${r.health.status === "ok" ? "正常" : "异常"} | ${r.counts.topics} 主题 | ${r.counts.papers_latest_200} 论文` }); } catch (err) { setR("health", { success: false, message: err instanceof Error ? err.message : "失败" }); } finally { setL("health", false); } } },
+  ];
+
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-6">
+      <div>
+        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-ink">运维操作</h2>
+        <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-ink-secondary">执行系统维护和管理任务</p>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="space-y-3">
+        {ops.map((op) => {
+          const Icon = op.icon;
+          const result = results[op.key];
+          const loading = loadings[op.key];
+          return (
+            <div key={op.key} className="rounded-xl border border-border bg-page p-5">
+              <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
+                  <div className="flex h-10 w-10 items-center justify-center rounded-lg bg-hover">
+                    <Icon className="h-5 w-5 text-ink-tertiary" />
+                  </div>
+                  <div>
+                    <p className="font-medium text-ink">{op.label}</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-ink-secondary">{op.desc}</p>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+                <Button variant="secondary" size="sm" onClick={() => op.action()} disabled={loading}>
+                  {loading ? <><Spinner className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" />执行中</> : <><Play className="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" />执行</>}
+                </Button>
+              </div>
+              {result && (
+                <div className={cn("mt-3 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-xs", result.success ? "bg-success/10 text-success" : "bg-error/10 text-error")}>
+                  {result.message}
+                </div>
+              )}
+            </div>
+          );
+        })}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/services/api.ts b/frontend/src/services/api.ts
index 0c0f863..cbd3db3 100644
--- a/frontend/src/services/api.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/services/api.ts
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@ import type {
   ActiveTaskInfo,
   LoginResponse,
   AuthStatusResponse,
+  MultiSourceSearchResult,
+  ChannelSuggestion,
 } from "@/types";
 
 export type {
@@ -92,6 +94,56 @@ export function clearAuth(): void {
   localStorage.removeItem("auth_token");
 }
 
+/** 按 HTTP 状态码映射友好文案（HTML/超长响应降级用） */
+function friendlyStatusMessage(status: number, statusText: string): string {
+  if (status === 408 || status === 504 || status === 524) {
+    return "请求超时，服务端处理时间过长，请稍后重试";
+  }
+  if (status === 502 || status === 503) {
+    return "服务暂时不可用，请稍后重试";
+  }
+  if (status === 500) {
+    return "服务器内部错误，请稍后重试或联系管理员";
+  }
+  if (status === 429) {
+    return "请求过于频繁，请稍后再试";
+  }
+  if (status === 404) {
+    return "请求的资源不存在";
+  }
+  return `${status} ${statusText}`.trim() || "请求失败";
+}
+
+/** 从失败响应中安全提取错误消息：JSON 走字段，HTML/超长文本走状态码降级 */
+async function extractErrorMessage(resp: Response): Promise<string> {
+  const fallback = friendlyStatusMessage(resp.status, resp.statusText);
+  const contentType = resp.headers.get("content-type") || "";
+  if (contentType.includes("application/json")) {
+    try {
+      const body = await resp.json();
+      const msg = body?.message || body?.detail || body?.error;
+      if (typeof msg === "string" && msg.trim()) return msg.trim();
+    } catch {
+      // JSON 解析失败，降级到 fallback
+    }
+    return fallback;
+  }
+  // 非 JSON（text/html / text/plain 等）：可能是 Cloudflare 504 HTML 页，不能原样抛
+  try {
+    const text = (await resp.text()).trim();
+    if (!text) return fallback;
+    // HTML 直接丢弃
+    if (text.startsWith("<") || text.toLowerCase().includes("<!doctype")) {
+      return fallback;
+    }
+    // 纯文本短消息可以采纳，超长一律降级
+    if (text.length <= 200) return text;
+    return fallback;
+  } catch {
+    return fallback;
+  }
+}
+
 async function request<T>(path: string, options: RequestInit = {}): Promise<T> {
   const url = `${getApiBase().replace(/\/+$/, "")}${path}`;
   let resp: Response;
@@ -108,19 +160,10 @@ async function request<T>(path: string, options: RequestInit = {}): Promise<T> {
     throw new Error("网络连接失败，请检查后端服务是否启动");
   }
   if (!resp.ok) {
-    let msg = `${resp.status} ${resp.statusText}`;
-    try {
-      const body = await resp.json();
-      // 兼容后端 AppError 格式: {error, message, detail}
-      msg = body.message || body.detail || body.error || msg;
-    } catch {
-      const text = await resp.text().catch(() => "");
-      if (text) msg = text;
-    }
+    const msg = await extractErrorMessage(resp);
     // 401 未认证，清除 token 并刷新页面跳转登录
     if (resp.status === 401) {
       clearAuth();
-      // 强制刷新页面触发 App 重新渲染登录页
       window.location.reload();
     }
     throw new Error(msg);
@@ -275,13 +318,36 @@ export const paperApi = {
   },
   aiExplain: (id: string, text: string, action: "explain" | "translate" | "summarize") =>
     post<{ action: string; result: string }>(`/papers/${id}/ai/explain`, { text, action }),
+  multiSourceSearch: (query: string, channels: string[]) => {
+    const params = new URLSearchParams({
+      query,
+      channels: channels.join(","),
+    });
+    return post<MultiSourceSearchResult>(`/papers/search-multi?${params}`).then((res) => ({
+      results: res.papers || [],
+      channelStats: res.channel_stats,
+    }));
+  },
+  suggestChannels: (query: string) =>
+    get<ChannelSuggestion>(`/papers/suggest-channels?query=${encodeURIComponent(query)}`),
 };
 
 /* ========== 摄入 ========== */
 
 export const ingestApi = {
-  arxiv: (query: string, maxResults = 20, topicId?: string, sortBy = "submittedDate") => {
-    const params = new URLSearchParams({ query, max_results: String(maxResults), sort_by: sortBy });
+  arxiv: (
+    query: string,
+    maxResults = 20,
+    topicId?: string,
+    sortBy = "submittedDate",
+    daysBack = 0
+  ) => {
+    const params = new URLSearchParams({
+      query,
+      max_results: String(maxResults),
+      sort_by: sortBy,
+      days_back: String(daysBack),
+    });
     if (topicId) params.append("topic_id", topicId);
     return post<IngestResult>(`/ingest/arxiv?${params}`);
   },
@@ -475,13 +541,12 @@ async function fetchSSE(url: string, init?: RequestInit): Promise<Response> {
     },
   });
   if (!resp.ok) {
-    // 401 未认证，清除 token 并刷新页面跳转登录
     if (resp.status === 401) {
       clearAuth();
       window.location.reload();
     }
-    const text = await resp.text().catch(() => "");
-    throw new Error(`请求失败 (${resp.status}): ${text || resp.statusText}`);
+    const msg = await extractErrorMessage(resp);
+    throw new Error(`请求失败 (${resp.status}): ${msg}`);
   }
   return resp;
 }
diff --git a/frontend/src/services/llmConfigApi.ts b/frontend/src/services/llmConfigApi.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61225ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/services/llmConfigApi.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/**
+ * LLM 配置管理 API 服务
+ */
+
+export interface LLMConfigItem {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  provider: string;
+  api_base_url: string | null;
+  model_skim: string;
+  model_deep: string;
+  model_vision: string | null;
+  model_embedding: string;
+  model_fallback: string;
+  is_active: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface LLMConfigCreate {
+  name: string;
+  provider: string;
+  api_key: string;
+  api_base_url?: string | null;
+  model_skim: string;
+  model_deep: string;
+  model_vision?: string | null;
+  model_embedding: string;
+  model_fallback: string;
+}
+
+export interface LLMConfigUpdate {
+  name?: string;
+  provider?: string;
+  api_key?: string;
+  api_base_url?: string | null;
+  model_skim?: string;
+  model_deep?: string;
+  model_vision?: string | null;
+  model_embedding?: string;
+  model_fallback?: string;
+}
+
+export interface LLMConfigList {
+  configs: LLMConfigItem[];
+  active_id: string | null;
+}
+
+async function request<T>(path: string, options: RequestInit = {}): Promise<T> {
+  const token = localStorage.getItem("auth_token");
+  const headers: HeadersInit = {
+    "Content-Type": "application/json",
+    ...(token ? { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` } : {}),
+  };
+
+  const url = `${import.meta.env.VITE_API_BASE || "http://localhost:8000"}${path}`;
+  const resp = await fetch(url, {
+    ...options,
+    headers: {
+      ...headers,
+      ...(options.headers as HeadersInit),
+    },
+  });
+
+  if (!resp.ok) {
+    const error = await resp.json().catch(() => ({ detail: "请求失败" }));
+    throw new Error(error.detail || "请求失败");
+  }
+
+  return resp.json();
+}
+
+export const llmConfigApi = {
+  /** 获取所有配置 */
+  async list(): Promise<LLMConfigList> {
+    return request("/llm-configs");
+  },
+
+  /** 获取单个配置 */
+  async get(configId: string): Promise<{ config: LLMConfigItem }> {
+    return request(`/llm-configs/${configId}`);
+  },
+
+  /** 创建配置 */
+  async create(data: LLMConfigCreate): Promise<{ config: LLMConfigItem }> {
+    return request("/llm-configs", {
+      method: "POST",
+      body: JSON.stringify(data),
+    });
+  },
+
+  /** 更新配置 */
+  async update(
+    configId: string,
+    data: LLMConfigUpdate
+  ): Promise<{ config: LLMConfigItem }> {
+    return request(`/llm-configs/${configId}`, {
+      method: "PATCH",
+      body: JSON.stringify(data),
+    });
+  },
+
+  /** 删除配置 */
+  async delete(configId: string): Promise<{ message: string }> {
+    return request(`/llm-configs/${configId}`, {
+      method: "DELETE",
+    });
+  },
+
+  /** 激活配置 */
+  async activate(configId: string): Promise<{ config: LLMConfigItem }> {
+    return request("/llm-configs/activate", {
+      method: "POST",
+      body: JSON.stringify({ config_id: configId }),
+    });
+  },
+};
diff --git a/frontend/src/types/index.ts b/frontend/src/types/index.ts
index 6eea8be..f70015b 100644
--- a/frontend/src/types/index.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/types/index.ts
@@ -659,6 +659,28 @@ export interface IngestResult {
   papers?: IngestPaper[];
 }
 
+/* ========== 多源搜索 ========== */
+export interface MultiSourcePaper {
+  id: string;
+  title: string;
+  authors?: string[];
+  abstract?: string;
+  year?: number | null;
+  venue?: string | null;
+  sources: { channel: string; [key: string]: unknown }[];
+}
+
+export interface MultiSourceSearchResult {
+  papers: MultiSourcePaper[];
+  channel_stats?: Record<string, { total: number; new: number; duplicates: number; error?: string }>;
+}
+
+export interface ChannelSuggestion {
+  recommended: string[];
+  alternatives: string[];
+  reasoning: string;
+}
+
 /* ========== 聊天消息 ========== */
 export interface ChatMessage {
   id: string;
diff --git a/packages/ai/agent_service.py b/packages/ai/agent_service.py
index 66ea3ca..eeb03bf 100644
--- a/packages/ai/agent_service.py
+++ b/packages/ai/agent_service.py
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 import json
 import logging
+import time
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from packages.agent_core.context_compaction import (
@@ -51,6 +52,9 @@
    → 调 search_arxiv 获取候选
    → **停下来**，等用户在前端界面勾选要入库的论文
    → 用户确认后调 ingest_arxiv(arxiv_ids=[用户选的])
+   → 调用 ingest_arxiv 前，**必须**先在文本消息中逐条列出每篇候选的
+     「标题 + 第一作者 + 年份 + arXiv ID」，严禁只给出 arxiv_ids 列表让用户盲确认。
+     用户对"看不见的 ID"没有判断依据，这是硬性规则。
 
 4. **分析论文**（"粗读"、"精读"、"分析图表"）
    → 先确认目标论文 ID，再调对应工具
@@ -105,12 +109,40 @@
 
 _ACTION_TTL = 1800  # 30 分钟
 
+# 已处理（确认/拒绝）过的 action_id → 时间戳；用于幂等保护，避免重复 confirm 报"已过期"
+_HANDLED_ACTION_CACHE: dict[str, float] = {}
+_HANDLED_ACTION_TTL = 3600.0  # 1 小时
+
 
 def _make_sse(event: str, data: dict) -> str:
     """格式化 SSE 事件"""
     return f"event: {event}\ndata: {json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False)}\n\n"
 
 
+def _mark_action_handled(action_id: str) -> None:
+    """标记 action 已被处理过（确认/拒绝），避免重复触发时报'已过期'"""
+    _HANDLED_ACTION_CACHE[action_id] = time.time()
+    # 控制缓存膨胀
+    if len(_HANDLED_ACTION_CACHE) > 256:
+        now = time.time()
+        expired = [
+            aid for aid, ts in _HANDLED_ACTION_CACHE.items() if now - ts > _HANDLED_ACTION_TTL
+        ]
+        for aid in expired:
+            _HANDLED_ACTION_CACHE.pop(aid, None)
+
+
+def _is_action_handled(action_id: str) -> bool:
+    """判断 action 是否已被处理过（幂等保护）"""
+    ts = _HANDLED_ACTION_CACHE.get(action_id)
+    if ts is None:
+        return False
+    if time.time() - ts > _HANDLED_ACTION_TTL:
+        _HANDLED_ACTION_CACHE.pop(action_id, None)
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
 def _record_agent_usage(
     provider: str,
     model: str,
@@ -282,18 +314,21 @@ def stream_chat(
     if confirmed_action_id:
         action = _load_pending_action(confirmed_action_id)
         if not action:
+            # 幂等保护：已处理过的 action 给中性提示，不再报"已过期"
+            already_handled = _is_action_handled(confirmed_action_id)
+            err_msg = (
+                "该操作已处理过，请继续后续对话。"
+                if already_handled
+                else "该操作已过期（可能因为服务重启或超时）。请重新描述您的需求，Agent 会重新发起操作。"
+            )
 
             def _err_iter():
-                yield _make_sse(
-                    "error",
-                    {
-                        "message": "该操作已过期（可能因为服务重启或超时）。请重新描述您的需求，Agent 会重新发起操作。"
-                    },
-                )
+                yield _make_sse("error", {"message": err_msg})
                 yield _make_sse("done", {})
 
             return _err_iter(), conversation
 
+        _mark_action_handled(confirmed_action_id)
         loop = _create_loop(conversation)
 
         def _confirm_iter():
@@ -318,18 +353,23 @@ def confirm_action(action_id: str) -> tuple[Iterator[str], list[dict]]:
 
     action = _load_pending_action(action_id)
     if not action:
+        # 幂等保护：之前确认/拒绝过就明确提示，不再和"真过期"混淆
+        already_handled = _is_action_handled(action_id)
+        err_msg = (
+            "该操作已处理过，请继续后续对话。"
+            if already_handled
+            else "该操作已过期（可能因为服务重启或超时）。请重新描述您的需求，Agent 会重新发起操作。"
+        )
 
         def _err_iter():
-            yield _make_sse(
-                "error",
-                {
-                    "message": "该操作已过期（可能因为服务重启或超时）。请重新描述您的需求，Agent 会重新发起操作。"
-                },
-            )
+            yield _make_sse("error", {"message": err_msg})
             yield _make_sse("done", {})
 
         return _err_iter(), []
 
+    # 立即标记已处理，防止用户双击 / 网络重试导致二次执行
+    _mark_action_handled(action_id)
+
     # 删除 pending action
     try:
         with session_scope() as session:
@@ -354,8 +394,9 @@ def reject_action(action_id: str) -> tuple[Iterator[str], list[dict]]:
 
     action = _load_pending_action(action_id)
 
-    # 删除 pending action
+    # 标记已处理 + 删除 pending action
     if action:
+        _mark_action_handled(action_id)
         try:
             with session_scope() as session:
                 repo = AgentPendingActionRepository(session)
diff --git a/packages/ai/agent_tools.py b/packages/ai/agent_tools.py
index b8f7783..d14bb0b 100644
--- a/packages/ai/agent_tools.py
+++ b/packages/ai/agent_tools.py
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
-from collections.abc import Iterator
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from uuid import UUID, uuid4
 
 from packages.ai.brief_service import DailyBriefService
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
     TopicRepository,
 )
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Iterator
+
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
@@ -194,6 +197,19 @@ class ToolDef:
                     "description": "最大搜索数量",
                     "default": 20,
                 },
+                "days_back": {
+                    "type": "integer",
+                    "description": (
+                        "只检索最近 N 天提交的论文（默认 0 = 不限日期，可搜到经典/老论文）。"
+                        "需要最新增量时传 7 或 30。"
+                    ),
+                    "default": 0,
+                },
+                "sort_by": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "description": "排序方式：relevance（相关性，默认）/ submittedDate（最新优先）",
+                    "default": "relevance",
+                },
             },
             "required": ["query"],
         },
@@ -648,7 +664,7 @@ def _get_timeline(keyword: str, limit: int = 100) -> ToolResult:
     try:
         result = GraphService().timeline(keyword=keyword, limit=limit)
         tl = result.get("timeline", [])
-        years = sorted(set(p.get("year") for p in tl if p.get("year")))
+        years = sorted({p.get("year") for p in tl if p.get("year")})
         year_range = (
             f"{years[0]}-{years[-1]}" if len(years) >= 2 else (str(years[0]) if years else "无")
         )
@@ -741,12 +757,26 @@ def _get_system_status() -> ToolResult:
         return ToolResult(success=False, summary=f"获取系统状态失败: {exc!s}")
 
 
-def _search_arxiv(query: str, max_results: int = 20) -> ToolResult:
-    """搜索 arXiv，返回候选论文列表（不入库）"""
+def _search_arxiv(
+    query: str,
+    max_results: int = 20,
+    days_back: int = 0,
+    sort_by: str = "relevance",
+) -> ToolResult:
+    """搜索 arXiv，返回候选论文列表（不入库）
+
+    days_back=0（默认）不限日期，适合按关键词检索经典/全时间段论文。
+    想要最新增量时传 days_back=7/30。
+    """
     from packages.integrations.arxiv_client import ArxivClient
 
     try:
-        papers = ArxivClient().fetch_latest(query=query, max_results=max_results)
+        papers = ArxivClient().fetch_latest(
+            query=query,
+            max_results=max_results,
+            sort_by=sort_by,
+            days_back=days_back,
+        )
     except Exception as exc:
         logger.exception("ArXiv search failed: %s", exc)
         return ToolResult(success=False, summary=f"ArXiv 搜索失败: {exc!s}")
diff --git a/packages/config.py b/packages/config.py
index 2e77d74..8e9c892 100644
--- a/packages/config.py
+++ b/packages/config.py
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
     zhipu_api_key: str | None = None
     semantic_scholar_api_key: str | None = None
     openalex_email: str | None = None
+    ieee_api_key: str | None = None
 
     # Worker 调度
     worker_retry_max: int = 2
diff --git a/packages/domain/model_tier.py b/packages/domain/model_tier.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80cbc2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/domain/model_tier.py
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+"""
+场景化模型配置 - 按使用场景分配不同成本的模型
+"""
+
+from enum import Enum
+
+
+class ModelTier(str, Enum):
+    """模型成本分层"""
+
+    ECONOMY = "economy"  # 经济型：最便宜，适合简单任务（摘要、分类、关键词提取）
+    STANDARD = "standard"  # 标准型：性价比，适合一般任务（RAG、对话、翻译）
+    PREMIUM = "premium"  # 高级型：较贵，适合复杂任务（深度分析、写作、推理）
+    VISION = "vision"  # 视觉型：图像/图表理解
+
+
+MODEL_TIER_SCENARIOS = {
+    # Economy 场景 - 快速 + 便宜
+    ModelTier.ECONOMY: [
+        "skim",  # 论文粗读
+        "keyword",  # 关键词提取
+        "classify",  # 分类/标签
+        "embedding",  # 向量化
+        "summarize_short",  # 短摘要
+    ],
+    # Standard 场景 - 性价比
+    ModelTier.STANDARD: [
+        "translate",  # 翻译
+        "rag",  # RAG 问答
+        "chat",  # Agent 对话
+        "explain",  # 概念解释
+        "summarize_medium",  # 中等摘要
+    ],
+    # Premium 场景 - 高质量
+    ModelTier.PREMIUM: [
+        "deep",  # 论文精读
+        "writing",  # 学术写作
+        "reasoning",  # 逻辑推理
+        "figure_analysis",  # 图表分析
+        "wiki",  # Wiki 生成
+        "summarize_long",  # 长文档摘要
+    ],
+    # Vision 场景
+    ModelTier.VISION: [
+        "vision",  # 视觉理解
+        "ocr",  # OCR 识别
+    ],
+}
+
+
+# 预设模型配置模板（常见服务商）
+PRESET_MODEL_CONFIGS = {
+    "zhipu": {
+        ModelTier.ECONOMY: "glm-4.7",  # 统一使用 GLM-4.7
+        ModelTier.STANDARD: "glm-4.7",  # 统一使用 GLM-4.7
+        ModelTier.PREMIUM: "glm-4.7",  # 统一使用 GLM-4.7
+        ModelTier.VISION: "glm-4.6v",  # 视觉专用
+    },
+}
diff --git a/packages/integrations/arxiv_channel.py b/packages/integrations/arxiv_channel.py
index 83e4519..4407f63 100644
--- a/packages/integrations/arxiv_channel.py
+++ b/packages/integrations/arxiv_channel.py
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 @author Color2333
 """
 
+from packages.domain.schemas import PaperCreate
 from packages.integrations.arxiv_client import ArxivClient
 from packages.integrations.channel_base import ChannelBase
-from packages.domain.schemas import PaperCreate
 
 
 class ArxivChannel(ChannelBase):
@@ -44,9 +44,8 @@ def fetch(self, query: str, max_results: int = 20) -> list[PaperCreate]:
         Returns:
             list[PaperCreate]: 论文列表，source 字段统一设置为 "arxiv"
         """
-        papers = self._client.fetch_latest(query, max_results)
+        papers = self._client.fetch_latest(query, max_results, days_back=0)
 
-        # 统一设置 source 字段
         for paper in papers:
             paper.source = "arxiv"
             paper.source_id = paper.arxiv_id
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ def download_pdf(self, arxiv_id: str) -> str | None:
         """
         try:
             return self._client.download_pdf(arxiv_id)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except Exception:
             return None
 
     def supports_incremental(self) -> bool:
diff --git a/packages/integrations/arxiv_client.py b/packages/integrations/arxiv_client.py
index 6cf3fa9..27e4dc5 100644
--- a/packages/integrations/arxiv_client.py
+++ b/packages/integrations/arxiv_client.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 import logging
 import re
+import time
 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ElementTree
 from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta
 
@@ -15,32 +16,38 @@
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-def _build_arxiv_query(raw: str, days_back: int = 7) -> str:
+def _build_arxiv_query(raw: str, days_back: int = 0) -> str:
     """将用户输入转换为 ArXiv API 查询语法
 
     - 已是结构化查询（含 all:/ti: 等）直接返回
-    - 否则按空格拆分，取前 3 个关键词用 AND 连接（避免 429）
-    - 当 days_back > 0 时自动添加最近 N 天的日期范围过滤
+    - 带引号则识别为精确短语搜索
+    - 否则按空格拆分，取前 6 个关键词用 AND 连接
+    - 当 days_back > 0 时自动添加最近 N 天的日期范围过滤（默认 0 = 不过滤）
     """
     raw = raw.strip()
     if not raw:
         return raw
-    # 日期过滤（days_back <= 0 时不添加）
     date_filter = ""
     if days_back > 0:
         from_date = datetime.now() - timedelta(days=days_back)
         date_filter = f" AND submittedDate:[{from_date.strftime('%Y%m%d')}000000 TO *]"
 
     if re.search(r"\b(all|ti|au|abs|cat|co|jr|rn|id):", raw):
-        # 已经是结构化查询，检查是否已有日期过滤
         if "submittedDate:" not in raw:
             return raw + date_filter
         return raw
-    # 拆分词汇，跳过短词（<2 字符），最多取 3 个
+
+    # 整串带引号 → 当作精确短语搜索
+    quoted = re.match(r'^"(.+)"$', raw)
+    if quoted:
+        phrase = quoted.group(1).strip()
+        return f'all:"{phrase}"' + date_filter
+
+    # 拆词：跳过短词（<2 字符），最多取 6 个（原为 3，易把多关键词查询截断）
     tokens = [t.strip() for t in raw.split() if len(t.strip()) >= 2]
     if not tokens:
         return f"all:{raw}"
-    tokens = tokens[:3]
+    tokens = tokens[:6]
     return " AND ".join(f"all:{t}" for t in tokens) + date_filter
 
 
@@ -61,9 +68,13 @@ def fetch_latest(
         max_results: int = 20,
         sort_by: str = "submittedDate",
         start: int = 0,
-        days_back: int = 7,
+        days_back: int = 0,
     ) -> list[PaperCreate]:
-        """sort_by: submittedDate(最新) / relevance(相关性) / lastUpdatedDate"""
+        """sort_by: submittedDate(最新) / relevance(相关性) / lastUpdatedDate
+
+        days_back 默认 0 = 不加日期过滤（否则经典老论文如 OpenShape/Uni3D 都会被筛掉）。
+        订阅/定时任务需要最新增量时，由调用方显式传 days_back。
+        """
         # 获取速率限制许可（10 秒超时）
         if not acquire_api("arxiv", timeout=10.0):
             raise httpx.TimeoutException("ArXiv 速率限制等待超时，请稍后重试")
@@ -170,7 +181,6 @@ def fetch_categories(self) -> list[dict]:
             {"code": "cs.CL", "name": "Computation and Language", "description": ""},
             {"code": "cs.AI", "name": "Artificial Intelligence", "description": ""},
             {"code": "cs.NE", "name": "Neural and Evolutionary Computing", "description": ""},
-            {"code": "cs.CL", "name": "Computational Linguistics", "description": ""},
             {"code": "cs.IR", "name": "Information Retrieval", "description": ""},
             {"code": "cs.IT", "name": "Information Theory", "description": ""},
             {"code": "cs.CR", "name": "Cryptography and Security", "description": ""},
diff --git a/packages/storage/models.py b/packages/storage/models.py
index 6036200..0ad0e58 100644
--- a/packages/storage/models.py
+++ b/packages/storage/models.py
@@ -512,3 +512,64 @@ class CSFeedSubscription(Base):
     last_run_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime, nullable=True)
     last_run_count: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, default=0)
     created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime, default=_utcnow)
+
+
+# ========== Sensemaking 认知重构相关 ==========
+
+
+class UserSchema(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "user_schemas"
+
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), primary_key=True, default=lambda: str(uuid4()))
+    user_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), nullable=False, index=True)
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(256), nullable=False)
+
+    research_topics: Mapped[list[str]] = mapped_column(JSON, default=list)
+    academic_level: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=True)
+    current_challenges: Mapped[list[str]] = mapped_column(JSON, default=list)
+    beliefs: Mapped[list[str]] = mapped_column(JSON, default=list)
+    knowledge_gaps: Mapped[list[str]] = mapped_column(JSON, default=list)
+
+    version: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, default=1)
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime, default=_utcnow, nullable=False)
+    updated_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime, default=_utcnow, onupdate=_utcnow, nullable=False
+    )
+
+
+class SensemakingSession(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "sensemaking_sessions"
+
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), primary_key=True, default=lambda: str(uuid4()))
+    paper_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), nullable=False, index=True)
+    user_schema_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(36), ForeignKey("user_schemas.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False
+    )
+
+    act1_comprehension: Mapped[dict | None] = mapped_column(JSON, nullable=True)
+    act2_collision: Mapped[dict | None] = mapped_column(JSON, nullable=True)
+    act3_reconstruction: Mapped[dict | None] = mapped_column(JSON, nullable=True)
+
+    status: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(32), default="in_progress")
+    conversation_history: Mapped[list[dict]] = mapped_column(JSON, default=list)
+
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime, default=_utcnow, nullable=False)
+    updated_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime, default=_utcnow, onupdate=_utcnow, nullable=False
+    )
+    completed_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime, nullable=True)
+
+
+class SchemaPaperInteraction(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "schema_paper_interactions"
+
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), primary_key=True, default=lambda: str(uuid4()))
+    user_schema_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(36), ForeignKey("user_schemas.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False, index=True
+    )
+    paper_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), nullable=False, index=True)
+
+    interaction_type: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=False)
+    cognitive_delta: Mapped[dict | None] = mapped_column(JSON, nullable=True)
+
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime, default=_utcnow, nullable=False)