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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
<title>Flwty</title>
<subtitle>漫步天际边</subtitle>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/"/>
<updated>2025-12-09T08:20:56.655Z</updated>
<id>https://flwty.cn/</id>
<author>
<name>Flwty</name>
</author>
<generator uri="https://hexo.io/">Hexo</generator>
<entry>
<title>魔改计划01: 兵马未动,粮草先行</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/12/09/%E9%AD%94%E6%94%B9%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%9201-%E5%85%B5%E9%A9%AC%E6%9C%AA%E5%8A%A8%EF%BC%8C%E7%B2%AE%E8%8D%89%E5%85%88%E8%A1%8C/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/12/09/%E9%AD%94%E6%94%B9%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%9201-%E5%85%B5%E9%A9%AC%E6%9C%AA%E5%8A%A8%EF%BC%8C%E7%B2%AE%E8%8D%89%E5%85%88%E8%A1%8C/</id>
<published>2025-12-08T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-09T08:20:56.655Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>关于以后的魔改,现在先找一点<strong>攻略</strong>。</p><p>暂时粘在这里,以便后续调取:</p><ul><li><a href="https://snowtafir.top/posts/2020bkm9.html">星雪的魔改笔记</a>,特别详细!</li><li><a href="https://jezer.top/posts/3dae3a99/">Jezer的魔改攻略</a>,重点看里面改透明度的部分。</li><li><a href="https://butterfly.zhheo.com/create.html">很详细的魔改教程</a></li></ul><p>Good luck</p><p>哦对了还有字体方面的问题,我曾经用内嵌字体但是移动端加载太慢了,以至于根本打不开。得研究一下在线字体,美化一下页面。</p><h2 id="正在进行的魔改:"><a href="#正在进行的魔改:" class="headerlink" title="正在进行的魔改:"></a>正在进行的魔改:</h2><ol><li>更改了menu的图标</li><li>对css进行整合(好像是什么异步加载)</li></ol>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p>关于以后的魔改,现在先找一点<strong>攻略</strong>。</p>
<p>暂时粘在这里,以便后续调取:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://snowtafir.top/posts/2020bkm9.html">星雪的魔改笔记</a>,特别详</summary>
<category term="魔改计划" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E9%AD%94%E6%94%B9%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92/"/>
<category term="魔改教程" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E9%AD%94%E6%94%B9%E6%95%99%E7%A8%8B/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>不明物体</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/10/30/2025-10-30-%E4%B8%8D%E6%98%8E%E7%89%A9%E4%BD%93/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/10/30/2025-10-30-%E4%B8%8D%E6%98%8E%E7%89%A9%E4%BD%93/</id>
<published>2025-10-29T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-09T06:11:58.167Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>“它死了吗?”<br>这个消息如同霹雳,瞬间将沉寂的场所激活。目光纷纷转向言辞的中心——A 伸手指向侧面。<br>“就在那个壁龛旁!”A 惊呼。<br>目光顺着 A 的胳膊流了过去。<br>“它不动了。”<br>“不对啊,它明明还在抽动!”<br>“那是呼吸的起伏。”<br>“这…… 这这分明…… 只是一堆酒瓶。是谁刚刚往上…… 丢了个空瓶…… 塌了!”<br>“酒蒙子!”<br>“哈哈哈哈哈哈。”众人欢笑。<br>“这是一堆还没开盖的酒呢,你快过去捡一瓶喝。”<br>“你敢去吗?”<br>“快去快去。”<br>“去啊,快啊,不去我踹你了。”<br>“我才…… 不去。”<br>众人又是一顿欢笑。</p><p>“它到底是活的还是死的!”一阵惊呼,伴随着一阵痛苦的哀嚎。<br>“我的天,你们是怎么敢笑得出声的。这到底是什么东西?它就在那儿,就在壁龛旁边。不知道它什么时候开始出现在哪儿的,也许是我们还没进来的时候就一直在这里吧!但是你们,你们居然,没一个人发现它!它那么大那么明显,那么恐怖!它就在那儿!它就在那儿…..”</p><p>“叽里咕噜的,有本事你去看,你凑到它旁边去。凑到它旁边去探探它的气息。如果它还有气息的话…… 哦对了,你是不敢吧?你敢吗?说话!”</p><p>一阵沉默后不知是谁噗嗤一声笑了</p><p>“懦夫,coward。嘴皮子动地比脑子快。别以为我不知道你是个什么人,你根本没有一点胆量去探探它。且不说探,你能往它的方向多走一步路我都要尊你为勇夫。你这个废物。别以为我不知道你以前的勾当。旁边的那个人,以前被人堵巷子里了,你就在旁边看着,不报警就先不说了,你就在那儿呆愣着看。那个人逮住间隙火速跑出来了,恶人追到路口,看到你,你当时又做了什么呢?你这个怂货,怕自己落得那个下场你就给人家逃跑的方向供出来了。事后还恬不知耻说自己迫不得已。在座的各位谁信他的荒谬言论?谁信他的圣洁名声?”</p><p>沉默一阵后,迸发一阵哄笑。</p><p>“真是不如以前了,觉昨是而今非。如果你要处在某一个位置——在此正如戈夫曼的形象整饰一般——在整饰的过程,与他者的关系本应该是互促的。自我展演对他者来说是利他的,但是渐渐的自我却深陷泥沼,整饰的持续导致自我成为了整饰的表现形式,自我已经和整饰行为绑定在了一起。整饰原初的目的早已湮灭,而自我依照剧本发生行为的只是因为某种惯性,是不得已,是彻底的束缚。那么目的消失在哪儿了呢?如果共同整饰的他者能够指认自我的展演,能够指认自我的展演内涵的利他属性,同时对自我的展演进行回应,甚至开展自己的展演来配合。那么这个目的可能仍然能够清晰吧?要知道曾经目的是明晰的,而整饰的他者也会共舞。如果让这一切的整饰延续,会不会是……?</p><p>“你们快听啊,这个沉思者、君子、超脱者、哲学家和神学家又开始布道了。什么‘整布’?什么‘他着’?什么‘湮灭’?敢问这位贤者这些都是什么意思?所谓的展演共舞都是什么意思?这些话和那位圣洁人士有关系吗?”</p><p>“连你也是这样…… 为什么要要求所有人都和你保持同一意志呢?遵从你会让你感到开心,稍微和你的意见有点出入,你就要开始大肆镇压。你无法接受别人的观点,因为这个世界是围绕你旋转的,世界的程序也都是应你的要求来决定的。你难道没有发现很多事情都是有很多套秩序并行的吗?你不会还天真地觉得种种事件都是只有一套规则在发挥作用吧?规则间难道都是不可兼容的吗,它们就必须非此即彼而毫无中间地带?仿佛种种问题种种世界都有一个已经设定好的标准答案。除了标答绝无他者。”</p><p>“你说什么呢,神学家。我只是问问你刚刚在嘀咕什么,你这样攻击我是什么意思?既然你这么会说,你这么聪明,你用语天花乱坠让人难会其意,不如你动用你那个充满哲思的脑子思考一下,回答一下懦夫的问题——壁龛那儿的东西到底是活的还是死的吧!”</p><p>“他不说话了,哈哈哈哈。”<br>“哈哈哈….”<br>“你不是很聪明吗?你不是很会说吗?怎么现在哑口无言了,神学家。哦不对,神棍!”<br>“哈哈哈哈神棍”<br>“对啊他就是个神棍罢了”<br>“神棍!只会批判别人的神棍!现在到了检验的时间了。你标榜理性,标榜交往理性,借由理性攻讦别人。你说别人强加观点,那你刚刚自己批判别人的观点,又何尝不是一种将自己不要强加于人的观点强加于人?你和他难道不是一路货色吗?让我来说说你们的不同吧——那就是前提!你们唯一的不同就是前提不同,你是所谓的理性,这个理性仍然值得推敲,因为它是服务于你的思维范式的,而他只是抛弃了这个壳子。你们本就一路货色。你看你脸都绿了,比壁龛下的那个不知死活的东西还要绿!你不是理性人吗?现在感性上头了,拳头攥紧了,理性说服不了就要感性压制了对吗。那我还说错了,你比他还要恶劣,你追求的是肉体的消灭是吧。我说的没错吧?神棍。都不能叫你神棍了,应该叫你束棍!”</p><p>一只空酒瓶在空中飞翔。<br>“不许你侮辱理性!”<br>神学家脸涨得发绿,恶气大喘。还好酒馆人满为患,神学家和攻讦者中间有一道厚厚的人墙,不然现在你来我往的就不只是言辞了。</p><p>又一只酒瓶在空中飞翔。<br>“不许你侮辱我!”<br>最初攻击懦夫的人脸涨得发红,粗气大喘,仿佛刚从冰窖里爬回来。好在攻讦者选址不错,在酒馆正中间,像帝企鹅幼崽一样被簇拥在人群的最中央,离他们俩都还挺远,免去了皮肉之苦。</p><p>又一只酒瓶飞翔在空中。也许我们看到的是本世纪最为激烈的酒瓶空战吧。<br>“忍你很久了闸总!”<br>可能是酒壮怂人胆,也有可能是发现了自己的同伴,懦夫突然一改常态,展现出了性格里最为坚毅、最为决绝、最具攻击性的一面。小小的酒馆瞬间化作了四股势力,锣鼓喧天、鞭炮齐鸣!</p><p>一只白猫似乎听到了馆里喧闹动静。它刚睡醒,它自然是不能够明白在不远的前方,那一团蠕动的密集身影为何聚集、为何蠕动。它看着原本端坐桌上的绿色酒瓶在天上飞来飞去,迷惑着伸了伸懒腰。<br>从壁龛上跳下,绿光剥离,洁白的毛重回它的身上。</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p>“它死了吗?”<br>这个消息如同霹雳,瞬间将沉寂的场所激活。目光纷纷转向言辞的中心——A 伸手指向侧面。<br>“就在那个壁龛旁!”A 惊呼。<br>目光顺着 A 的胳膊流了过去。<br>“它不动了。”<br>“不对啊,它明明还在抽动!”<br>“那是呼吸的起伏。”<br</summary>
<category term="随笔" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E9%9A%8F%E7%AC%94/"/>
<category term="随手" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E9%9A%8F%E6%89%8B/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>9.24考研日记</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/24/9.24%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/24/9.24%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%B0/</id>
<published>2025-09-24T15:18:45.370Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:17.361Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="明日规划:"><a href="#明日规划:" class="headerlink" title="明日规划:"></a>明日规划:</h2><p>809</p><ul><li><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 传播效果部分完全背完</li><li><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 新闻学第三章,如果有时间就把第四章也背了</li><li><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 热点专题两个名词解释</li><li><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 做一道真题</li><li><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 跟热点答题</li></ul><p>617</p><ul><li><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 四篇赏析,然后复习昨天背的</li><li><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 做一道真题</li></ul><p>英语</p><ul><li><p><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 复习两个七选五和一个完形,研究一下错的原因</p></li><li><p><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 单词300</p></li><li><p><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 真题词汇一年</p></li><li><p><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 做一篇七选五</p></li></ul><p>政治</p><ul><li><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 做完史纲并批改</li></ul>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="明日规划:"><a href="#明日规划:" class="headerlink" title="明日规划:"></a>明日规划:</h2><p>809</p>
<ul>
<li><input disabled="" type="checkbox"> 传播效果部</summary>
<category term="考研日记" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<category term="考研" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>9.14考研日记</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/14/9.14%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/14/9.14%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%B0/</id>
<published>2025-09-14T02:07:41.760Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:16.277Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>September 14, a brief note:</p><p>The last couple of days, my state was really off. Although I spent at least 12 hours studying each day, my actual output was low—I didn’t accomplish much.</p><p>It’s better to judge progress by <strong>task completion</strong> rather than total study time.</p><p>I need to adjust my strategy: plan my study based on <strong>task volume</strong>, not just hours spent.</p><h1 id="RECITE!"><a href="#RECITE!" class="headerlink" title="RECITE!"></a>RECITE!</h1><p>instance!</p><p>question template!</p><p>concept and key point!</p><h1 id="REVIEW!"><a href="#REVIEW!" class="headerlink" title="REVIEW!"></a>REVIEW!</h1><p>either review in cycles , or review the next day!</p><h1 id="REAL-EXAM-QUESTIONS!"><a href="#REAL-EXAM-QUESTIONS!" class="headerlink" title="REAL EXAM QUESTIONS!"></a>REAL EXAM QUESTIONS!</h1><p>study what is tested! real exam questions and academic articles indicate the direction of assessment!</p><p>work on real exam questions everyday!</p><p>practice one or two problems from the 809 and 617 exams daily —- it truly requires practice!</p><h1 id="UNINTERRUPTED!"><a href="#UNINTERRUPTED!" class="headerlink" title="UNINTERRUPTED!"></a>UNINTERRUPTED!</h1><p>continuous retrieval of knowledge all the way up to the exam. </p><p>skip unnecessary school stuff and just dip!</p><h1 id="macroscopic"><a href="#macroscopic" class="headerlink" title="macroscopic"></a>macroscopic</h1><p>RECITE! </p><p>REAL EXAM QUESTIONS!</p><p>ANSWER IT!</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p>September 14, a brief note:</p>
<p>The last couple of days, my state was really off. Although I spent at least 12 hours studying each day</summary>
<category term="考研日记" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<category term="考研" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>英一翻译:2014年(未完待续)</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/12/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%EF%BC%9A2014%E5%B9%B4/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/12/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%EF%BC%9A2014%E5%B9%B4/</id>
<published>2025-09-12T12:50:19.000Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:30.466Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>知识点的整理来源于<a href="https://b23.tv/NJG2bbI">大道至简Loru</a>,整理不易麻烦大家支持一下Loru老师,只需要十块钱就能获得翻译和完形的整理,付费途径在这👉<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1dtXCQDMNb9jcwAG-33vlg">2011-2020【完型+翻译】完整笔记</a></p><p>讲解视频:<a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Lme9zSEkx?vd_source=3930ee77044f4fec716dbcd388cd812e">【英一90】2014翻译串讲(直播回放)</a></p></blockquote><h2 id="写在前面"><a href="#写在前面" class="headerlink" title="写在前面"></a>写在前面</h2><p>怎么说呢,这一篇明显简单很多了。但是翻译的句子里有一些生词和固定搭配,我是真的翻译不出来。这个生词其实并不是超纲词或者说别的,只是我没背下来。比如articulate、by all accounts、intensity。</p><p>很多单词也只知道一个意思,翻译的时候也就很怪,比如说grasp,我只记得它有抓住的意思,所以没法翻,只能意译为把握了。</p><p>另外感觉思想还是太受束缚了,不敢大刀阔斧地改,比如说把名词改成动词。好吧其实也不算束缚,是因为我不知道同指译法。</p><p>结构方面,比如说by saying that,这个虽然说我知道后面这么长一串需要前置,但是居然没有这样翻译的勇气,太诡异了。复盘一下吧👇</p><p>第一句不知道it is also the reason why的译法,只知道直接翻译;不认识articulate,reaction不知道如何意译</p><p>第二句固定搭配和语法结构有问题,一是by all accounts不知道意思,let alone误以为是被丢到一边,其实是更不用说,是固定搭配。二是find courage an essential quality不知道后面那个名词是宾补(靠,学转回去了)</p><p>第三句结构没问题,就是of后面跟了一大长串修饰habit,让我不知道怎么翻译了,就是这么一大坨应该丢在哪儿,我最后就是把主句翻译完之后,把这一坨用冒号丢后面去了。但其实应该把habit翻译成动词习惯,然后前面这一坨都顺着翻译出来(这里其实就是A of B然后B>8然后后置的翻译方法)。后面主句的谓宾前面再补一下主语习惯。</p><p>哦对了除了这个以外,abruptly和sudden两个突然一起出现,给我看迷了。突然用一段突然的轻柔乐章,这个太诡异了,所以我居然直接把后面的突然删掉了。但是应该换一个说法,换成意想不到</p><p>好的一点在于这里的被动语态,我没有翻译成被动。也算是得道了😆</p><p>第四句significant只记得有显著的意思了,忘记最根本的重要的意思了,但是这里显著说不通,所以我就换成引人注目了…</p><p>其他的没啥问题,就是which是修饰freedom但是我搞错成the view of freedom了</p><p>第五句虽然有生词但是我猜对了一点点意思,interpret我猜成理解了,这里做诠释,虽然不对,但是没有偏太多。然后就是by saying我是直接直译的通过言之,其实没有问题,但是不知道这个应该放在哪儿,放在后面太诡异了。其实是状语应该前置。放在人们可以…..来诠释中间。</p><p>看看<a href="https://b23.tv/NJG2bbI">大道至简Loru</a>老师是怎么讲的吧:<a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Lme9zSEkx?vd_source=3930ee77044f4fec716dbcd388cd812e">【英一90】2014翻译串讲(直播回放)</a></p><h2 id="课堂笔记"><a href="#课堂笔记" class="headerlink" title="课堂笔记"></a>课堂笔记</h2><hr><h3 id="第一句"><a href="#第一句" class="headerlink" title="第一句"></a>第一句</h3><blockquote><p>It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself</p></blockquote><h4 id="It-is-also-the-reason-why"><a href="#It-is-also-the-reason-why" class="headerlink" title="It is also the reason why"></a>It is also the reason why</h4><p>这里的结构可以直接当成固定搭配来记忆</p><ul><li>这也是为什么…✅</li><li>这也是…的原因</li></ul><p>这个地方也可以适用于8词法,这里后面的成分大于8词,所以可以直接用第一个译法✅</p><p>这是why引导的定语从句,后面是when引导的时间状语从句</p><h4 id="when-we-try-to-describe-music-with-words"><a href="#when-we-try-to-describe-music-with-words" class="headerlink" title="when we try to describe music with words"></a>when we try to describe music with words</h4><p>word这里表示言语或话语</p><p>with word是状语,需要前置</p><p>当我门试图用语言来描述音乐时</p><h4 id="all-we-can-do-is-articulate-our-reactions-to-it"><a href="#all-we-can-do-is-articulate-our-reactions-to-it" class="headerlink" title="all we can do is articulate our reactions to it"></a>all we can do is articulate our reactions to it</h4><ul><li>articulate v. 明确表达;清楚说明</li><li>reaction n. 回应;反应</li></ul><p>we can do 是定语,应该要前置,直译为我们能做的一切,但是这样不太好</p><p>这里其实强调为我们做得不多,应该是我们只能做</p><p>而且reaction的反应也不太好,reaction需要延伸一下词义</p><h4 id="and-not-grasp-music-itself"><a href="#and-not-grasp-music-itself" class="headerlink" title="and not grasp music itself"></a>and not grasp music itself</h4><ul><li>grasp v. 抓住;理解,领会;掌握</li></ul><h4 id="重组:"><a href="#重组:" class="headerlink" title="重组:"></a>重组:</h4><p>这也是为什么当我们试图用语言来描述音乐时,我们只能说清楚自己对音乐的感受,而非领会音乐本身。</p><hr><h3 id="第二句"><a href="#第二句" class="headerlink" title="第二句"></a>第二句</h3><blockquote><p><strong>By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.</strong></p></blockquote><blockquote><p>这里的and连接前后两个主系表部分,后面是for引导的介词短语,所以可以从for这里断一下</p></blockquote><h4 id="By-all-accounts-he-was-a-freethinking-person-and-a-courageous-one"><a href="#By-all-accounts-he-was-a-freethinking-person-and-a-courageous-one" class="headerlink" title="By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one"></a>By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one</h4><p>翻译:据说,他是一个思想自由的人,也是个勇敢的人</p><p>调整:人们普遍认为,他思想自由,勇敢无畏。</p><p>==生难词==:</p><ul><li><p>by/from all accounts 据说;根据报道 (according to what other people say)</p><ul><li><p>on account of sb/sth 由于;因为 </p></li><li><p>on this/that account 由于这/那个缘故</p></li><li><p><strong>take sth into account</strong> 考虑到;顾及</p></li></ul></li></ul><blockquote><p>这里的account短语应该翻译成:人们普遍认为</p></blockquote><blockquote><p>这些都是account短语的小结</p><ul><li>account作为名词的意思:<ol><li>账户;赊账,账单;广告业务;交易账期;</li><li><strong>描述,报道</strong>;(by/from all accounts 据大家所述)</li><li>(为某事)责问某人 call/bring/hold sb to account for sth/for doing sth</li><li>印象 <ol><li>to give a good/bad account of oneself 表现出色/不佳</li></ol></li><li>理由<ol><li>on account of sb/sth 由于某人/某事</li><li>on no account 绝不 </li><li>on this account 由于这个缘故</li></ol></li><li>利益<ol><li>on sb’s/one’s own account 为自己(set up in business on one’s own account 独立创业)</li></ol></li><li>(充分)利用某事物 turn/push sth to (good) account</li><li>重要性 to be of little/no/some/… account (to sb)(对于某人)无足轻重/无关紧要/有点重要</li><li>考虑 take account of sth ; take sth into account</li></ol></li><li>accounts的意思<ol><li>会计账目<ol><li>keep the accounts 记账</li><li>to balance the accounts 使收支平衡</li></ol></li><li>会计部门</li></ol></li><li>accounts作为动词的意思<ol><li>认为</li></ol></li><li>account for<ul><li>解释…的原因</li><li>说明…的下落</li><li>占(比)</li><li>杀死;摧毁</li><li>使出局</li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><ul><li><p>freethinking /ˌfriːˈθɪŋkɪŋ/ adj. 自由思想的;思想开明的</p></li><li><p>courageous /kəˈreɪdʒəs/ adj. 勇敢的;无畏的</p><ul><li>courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气,胆量</li></ul></li></ul><blockquote><p>这里搞错了,以为是encourage,翻译成鼓舞了</p></blockquote><p>==翻译要点:同指译法==</p><p>He is a rich man. 他是个富有的人。→ 他很富有。</p><h4 id="and-I-find-courage-an-essential-quality"><a href="#and-I-find-courage-an-essential-quality" class="headerlink" title="and I find courage an essential quality"></a><strong>and I find courage an essential quality</strong></h4><p>翻译:我认为勇气是一个必不可少的品质</p><p>==生难词:==</p><ul><li><p>essential /ɪˈsenʃəl/ adj. 必要的;必不可少的;本质的</p></li><li><p>quality /ˈkwɒlɪti/ n. 质量;品质;特质</p><ul><li>quantity /ˈkwɒntəti/ n. 数量</li></ul></li></ul><p>==翻译要点:==</p><ol><li><p>and:省略不译,它只是用来连接两个句子的,就类似于标点符号,所以没必要翻</p></li><li><p>find:认为;感到(虽然直译是发现,但是也有表达观点的含义在find中,所以应该翻译成认为、感到)</p><p>to have a particular feeling or opinion about sth【<em>Oxford</em>】</p></li><li><p>宾补的翻译:顺译法,宾语和宾补之间适当增词(这里需要在宾语和宾补之间加一个谓语)</p></li></ol><p>常见结构:主语+谓语 (find/make/think/believe/render 等) +宾语+宾补</p><blockquote><p>an essential quality</p></blockquote><h4 id="for-the-understanding-let-alone-the-performance-of-his-works"><a href="#for-the-understanding-let-alone-the-performance-of-his-works" class="headerlink" title="for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works."></a><strong>for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.</strong></h4><p>翻译:理解—更别说演奏—其作品</p><p>==生难词:==</p><p>let alone 更不用说</p><p>performance /pəˈfɔ:məns/ n. 表演;演出</p><p>work /wɜ:k/ n. 著作;作品【熟词癖义】</p><p>==翻译要点:==</p><ol><li><p>of 结构:名词转译为动词</p><ul><li><p>understanding of his works</p></li><li><p>performance of his works</p></li></ul></li><li><p>插入语的译法</p><ol><li>提到句首</li><li>保留原文位置,用破折号连接</li></ol></li></ol><h4 id="重组:-1"><a href="#重组:-1" class="headerlink" title="重组:"></a>重组:</h4><p>②③调整语序:定语前置</p><p>By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an</p><p>essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.</p><p>人们普遍认为,他思想自由,勇敢无畏。我认为勇气是理解—更别说演奏—其作品一个必不可</p><p>少的品质。</p><hr><h3 id="第三句"><a href="#第三句" class="headerlink" title="第三句"></a>第三句</h3><blockquote><p><strong>Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.</strong></p></blockquote><h4 id="Beethoven’s-habit"><a href="#Beethoven’s-habit" class="headerlink" title="Beethoven’s habit"></a><strong>Beethoven’s habit</strong></h4><p>翻译:贝多芬的习惯</p><p>Beethoven /ˈbeɪtoʊvən/ 贝多芬</p><h4 id="of-increasing-the-volume-with-an-extreme-intensity"><a href="#of-increasing-the-volume-with-an-extreme-intensity" class="headerlink" title="of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity"></a><strong>of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity</strong></h4><p>直译:以极端的强度增加音量</p><blockquote><p>但是这个听起来很奇怪,弹钢琴极端的强度不对,可以换成极强的力度</p></blockquote><p>调整:以极强的力度增强音量</p><p>==生难词==</p><ul><li><p>volume /ˈvɒljuːm/ n. 音量;卷,册;<strong>体积</strong>;<strong>大量</strong></p></li><li><p>extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/ adj. 极度的;极端的</p></li><li><p>intensity /ɪnˈtensɪti/ n. 强度;强烈;紧张</p><ul><li><p>【衍】intense /ɪnˈtens/ adj. 强烈的;剧烈的</p></li><li><p>intensive /ɪnˈtensɪv/ adj. <strong>集中的</strong>;彻底的</p></li><li><p>intensify /ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ/ v. 加强;加剧</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>==翻译要点==</p><p>调整语序:状语前置(with部分)</p><h4 id="and-then-abruptly-following-it-with-a-sudden-soft-passage"><a href="#and-then-abruptly-following-it-with-a-sudden-soft-passage" class="headerlink" title="and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage"></a><strong>and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage</strong></h4><p>直译:然后突然用一段突然的轻柔的乐章跟在它后面</p><blockquote><p>把with句往前提</p><p>这两个突然太冗余了,所以可以换一个词,比如突兀或者意想不到</p><p>跟在它后面也不太对,应该译为紧随其后,我最开始也是这样想的,但是落笔的时候忘记了</p></blockquote><p>调整:然后突然用一段意想不到的轻柔的乐章紧随其后</p><p>==生难词:==</p><ul><li><p>abruptly /əˈbrʌptli/ adv. 突然地;意外地</p></li><li><p>passage /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ n. 乐段;段落;章节</p><ul><li>a short section from a book, piece of music, etc.</li></ul></li></ul><p>==翻译要点:==</p><p>soft:软的→轻柔的;柔和的;舒缓的</p><p>sudden:突然的→意想不到的;出乎意料的</p><h4 id="was-only-rarely-used-by-composers-before-him"><a href="#was-only-rarely-used-by-composers-before-him" class="headerlink" title="was only rarely used by composers before him."></a><strong>was only rarely used by composers before him.</strong></h4><p>直译:(这一习惯)极少被他之前的作曲家使用</p><p>调整:他之前的作曲家极少使用这一习惯</p><blockquote><p>但是调整完还是很奇怪,这里可以改为很少采用这种做法</p></blockquote><p>调整 2:他之前的作曲家极少采用这种做法</p><p>==生难词:==</p><p>rarely /ˈreəli/ adv. 很少;罕有地</p><p>composer /kəmˈpəʊzə/ n. 作曲家;创作者</p><p>【衍】compose /kəmˈpəʊz/ v. 作曲;组成;创作</p><p>==翻译要点==:</p><ul><li><p>被动结构:核心原则:尽量不用“被”</p><ol><li><p>用其他词替换“被”:遭到;受到;为…所;是由…的;得以</p></li><li><p>固定搭配</p></li><li><p>被动变主动,可根据语境补充主语</p></li><li><p>有被不用被</p></li></ol></li></ul><h4 id="重组:-2"><a href="#重组:-2" class="headerlink" title="重组:"></a>重组:</h4><p><strong>of</strong> 结构:</p><ol><li><p><strong>of</strong> 构成固定搭配:a lot of / a host of / a series of</p></li><li><p><strong>A of B</strong>:</p><ol><li><p>B 的 A: the illusion of control</p></li><li><p>A 转译为动词:由动词衍生来的名词,翻译为动词;或增加动词</p></li><li><p>B>8,B 后置:A:B</p></li></ol></li></ol><p>Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.</p><p>贝多芬<strong>习惯</strong>以极强的力度增强音量,然后突然用一段意想不到的轻柔的乐章紧随其后。 他之前的作曲家极少采用这种做法。</p><hr><h3 id="第四句"><a href="#第四句" class="headerlink" title="第四句"></a>第四句</h3><blockquote><p><strong>Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.</strong></p></blockquote><h4 id="Especially-significant-was-his-view-of-freedom"><a href="#Especially-significant-was-his-view-of-freedom" class="headerlink" title="Especially significant was his view of freedom"></a><strong>Especially significant was his view of freedom</strong></h4><p>翻译:尤其重要的是他的自由观</p><p>==生难词:==</p><ul><li><p>especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其;特别;格外</p></li><li><p>significant /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/ adj. 重要的;有重大意义的;显著的</p><ul><li>significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ n. 重要性;意义</li></ul></li></ul><p>==翻译要点:==</p><p>his view of freedom:他对自由的观点→他的自由观</p><h4 id="which-for-him-was-associated-with-the-rights-and-responsibilities-of-the-individual"><a href="#which-for-him-was-associated-with-the-rights-and-responsibilities-of-the-individual" class="headerlink" title="which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual"></a><strong>which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual</strong></h4><p>翻译:对他而言,自由与个人的权利和责任有关</p><p>==生难词:==</p><p>be associated with 与…有关;与…相关联</p><p>right /raɪt/ n. 权利</p><p>responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪlɪti/ n. 责任</p><p>==翻译要点==:</p><ol><li><p>定语从句:</p><ol><li>从句较短(<8):前置译法– 放在被修饰词之前,译为 …的</li><li>从句较长(>8):后置译法–主从句分开翻译,重复先行词</li></ol></li><li><p>插入语:for him</p><ol><li>提到句首</li><li>保留原文位置,用破折号连接</li></ol></li><li><p><strong>of</strong> 结构变形:</p><ul><li>A and B of C → C 的 A 和 B</li></ul></li></ol><h4 id="he-advocated-freedom-of-thought-and-of-personal-expression"><a href="#he-advocated-freedom-of-thought-and-of-personal-expression" class="headerlink" title="he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression."></a><strong>he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.</strong></h4><p>翻译:他提倡思想自由和个人表达自由</p><p>==生难词:==</p><p>advocate /ˈædvəkeɪt/ v. 提倡;支持 n. 提倡者;拥护者</p><p>==翻译要点:==</p><ul><li><strong>of</strong> 结构变形:<ul><li>A of B and of C → B 的 A 和 C 的 A</li></ul></li></ul><h4 id="重组:-3"><a href="#重组:-3" class="headerlink" title="重组:"></a>重组:</h4><p>(49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights</p><p>and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.</p><p>尤其重要的是他的自由观,对他而言, 自由与个人的权利和责任有关:他提倡思想自由和个人表达自由。</p><hr><h3 id="第五句"><a href="#第五句" class="headerlink" title="第五句"></a>第五句</h3><blockquote><p><strong>One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.</strong></p></blockquote><blockquote><p>by saying that 介词短语作状语,用来修饰interpret </p></blockquote><h4 id="One-could-interpret-much-of-the-work-of-Beethoven"><a href="#One-could-interpret-much-of-the-work-of-Beethoven" class="headerlink" title="One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven"></a><strong>One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven</strong></h4><p>翻译:人们可以诠释贝多芬的大部分作品</p><p>生难词:</p><ul><li><p>interpret /ɪnˈtɜːprɪt/ v. 诠释;解释;口译</p><ul><li><p>interpreter /ɪnˈtɜːprɪtə/ n. 口译员;阐释者</p></li><li><p>interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːprɪˈteɪʃən/ n. 诠释;解释;口译</p></li><li><p>misinterpretation /ˌmɪsɪntɜːrprəˈteɪʃn/ n. 误解</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>==翻译要点==:</p><ol><li><p>one 泛指,“人们”、“我们”(2013 年)</p></li><li><p>of 结构变形:A of B of C</p><ol><li><p>much of the work of Beethoven:贝多芬的大多数作品</p></li><li><p>much of 大部分;许多</p></li></ol></li></ol><h4 id="by-saying-that-suffering-is-inevitable"><a href="#by-saying-that-suffering-is-inevitable" class="headerlink" title="by saying that suffering is inevitable,"></a><strong>by saying that suffering is inevitable,</strong></h4><p>翻译:通过说,苦难是不可避免的</p><blockquote><p>这里太奇怪了</p></blockquote><p>==生难词:==</p><ul><li><p>suffering /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/ n. 苦难;痛苦;折磨</p><ul><li>suffer /ˈsʌfə/ v. 遭受;受苦;经受 (痛苦)</li></ul></li><li><p>inevitable /ɪnˈevɪtəbəl/ adj. 不可避免的;必然发生的</p><ul><li><p>Pain is inevitable. Suffering is optional.</p></li><li><p>What I talk about When I talk about Running</p></li></ul></li></ul><h4 id="but-the-courage-to-fight-it-renders-life-worth-living"><a href="#but-the-courage-to-fight-it-renders-life-worth-living" class="headerlink" title="but the courage to fight it renders life worth living."></a><strong>but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.</strong></h4><p>直译:但是对抗苦难的勇气让生命值得过</p><p>调整:但是与之抗争的勇气让生命变得有价值</p><p>生难词:</p><p>courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气;胆量;无畏</p><p>render /ˈrendə/ v. 使成为;使变得(make)</p><p>worth + V-ing 值得做</p><h4 id="重组:-4"><a href="#重组:-4" class="headerlink" title="重组:"></a>重组:</h4><blockquote><p>One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.</p></blockquote><p>==直接重组:状语前置==</p><p>人们可以通过说,苦难是不可避免的,但是与之抗争的勇气让生命变得有价值 来诠释贝多芬的大部分作品。</p><p>调整:</p><p>人们可以这样诠释贝多芬的大部分作品: 苦难是不可避免的,但是与之抗争的勇气让生命变得有价值。</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><blockquote>
<p>知识点的整理来源于<a href="https://b23.tv/NJG2bbI">大道至简Loru</a>,整理不易麻烦大家支持一下Loru老师,只需要十块钱就能获得翻译和完形的整理,付费途径在这👉<a href="https://mp.wei</summary>
<category term="英一翻译" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91/"/>
<category term="考研英语" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>9.11考研日记</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/11/9.11%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/11/9.11%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%B0/</id>
<published>2025-09-11T15:45:28.120Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:48:45.622Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>今天效率不是很高,背书方面还是很难进脑子,很难想象媒介即讯息的东西那么简单,就四个概念加一个内爆,还是知识点填空的形式,花了1个多小时也没背下来。还有之前大学语文的赏析,一篇赏析大概也要背1个小时,如果想这样81篇得背81个小时,要背40天才能过完一轮,那这个铁定要下岸了。专业课的基础知识也还没背完。新闻学也是没背。所以真得找到背诵的方法了,需要提高效率。现在虽然每天在图书馆坐很久,但是效率都不是很高,磨一年的翻译➕精讲居然要3个小时,太恐怖。</p><p>我觉得有一个方面在于每天睡太晚了,一天睡六七个小时对我而言还是不太够,感觉从今天开始,需要回来就直接上床准备睡觉,不能在下面耽误时间了。</p><p>这是其一,第二就是明确第二天有哪些需要做的,预估一下所需时间。</p><p>如上,继续加油</p><p>明天早起先😊</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p>今天效率不是很高,背书方面还是很难进脑子,很难想象媒介即讯息的东西那么简单,就四个概念加一个内爆,还是知识点填空的形式,花了1个多小时也没背下来。还有之前大学语文的赏析,一篇赏析大概也要背1个小时,如果想这样81篇得背81个小时,要背40天才能过完一轮,那这个铁定要下岸了。</summary>
<category term="考研日记" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<category term="考研" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>英一翻译:2013年</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/11/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%EF%BC%9A2013%E5%B9%B4/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/11/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%EF%BC%9A2013%E5%B9%B4/</id>
<published>2025-09-11T04:52:34.000Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:29.783Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>知识点的来源于<a href="https://b23.tv/NJG2bbI">大道至简Loru</a>,整理不易麻烦大家支持一下Loru老师,只需要十块钱就能获得翻译和完形的整理,付费途径在这👉<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1dtXCQDMNb9jcwAG-33vlg">2011-2020【完型+翻译】完整笔记</a></p></blockquote><h2 id="写在前面"><a href="#写在前面" class="headerlink" title="写在前面"></a>写在前面</h2><p>这篇翻译爆炸了,五个句子都没完整翻译出来。前面两篇虽然也很难吧,但是也不至于说翻译不了。</p><p>前前后后磨了一个小时,真是心累。</p><p>气死我了,翻译的一点都不通顺,甚至都提不上通顺</p><p>回顾一下为啥呢?</p><p>其实最关键的还是词义不理解,分两点,首先是认识的词不知道在文中的含义,其次是不认识的词。</p><p>此外还有句子结构分不清,我曾经自认为大多数句子成分的划分我已完全没问题,但是今天的这篇翻译告诉还需要继续努力。</p><p>比如these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges,这个看死我了都不知道成分怎么拆</p><p>看看咋回事吧</p><h2 id="题目"><a href="#题目" class="headerlink" title="题目"></a>题目</h2><h3 id="第一句"><a href="#第一句" class="headerlink" title="第一句"></a>第一句</h3><blockquote><p>yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression. </p></blockquote><blockquote><p>yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless:从句</p><p>it strikes one that 主句</p><p>for all their diversity of styles 一个短语</p><p>these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges 主句中嵌套了从句</p><p>beyond that of decoration and creative expression 从句后接了一个介词短语</p></blockquote><h4 id="yet-when-one-looks-at-the-photographs-of-the-gardens-created-by-the-homeless"><a href="#yet-when-one-looks-at-the-photographs-of-the-gardens-created-by-the-homeless" class="headerlink" title="++yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless++"></a>++<strong>yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless</strong>++</h4><p>翻译:然而,当我们看到那些由无家可归者创造的花园的照片时 </p><p>==词义==:</p><ul><li>yet conj. 但是;然而 </li><li>one 泛指,“人们”、“我们”、“一个人” </li><li>the homeless 无家可归的人 </li><li><strong>the +adj. → 名词</strong> <ul><li>the poor 穷人 </li><li>the rich 富人 </li><li>the elderly 老年人</li><li>the disabled 残疾人</li></ul></li></ul><blockquote><p>++语法提示++</p><ul><li><p>被动结构: 核心原则:尽量不用“被” </p><ol><li><p>用其他词替换“被”:遭到;受到;为…所;是由…的;得以</p></li><li><p>固定搭配</p></li><li><p>被动变主动,可根据语境补充主语</p></li><li><p>有被不用被</p></li></ol></li></ul></blockquote><p>==用语适配==</p><p>调整语序:定语前置(分词短语+of 结构)</p><h4 id="it-strikes-one-that-for-all-their-diversity-of-styles"><a href="#it-strikes-one-that-for-all-their-diversity-of-styles" class="headerlink" title="++it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles++"></a>++<strong>it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles</strong>++</h4><p>翻译:我们会突然意识到,尽管它们风格多样 </p><blockquote><p>这里的for是啥啊</p></blockquote><p>==词义==</p><ul><li>strike /straɪk/ v. 碰撞,撞击 </li><li><strong>it strikes sb. that 某人突然想到;猛地意识到</strong>(类似于我们被什么撞了一下)</li><li>strike sb as sth 让(某人)觉得;给(某人以…)印象 </li><li><strong>for all 尽管;虽然(despite)</strong>(这里就相当于是一个介词短语)</li><li>diversity /daɪˈvɜ:səti/ / n. 多样性;差异 <ul><li>diverse /daɪˈvɜ:s/ adj. 多种多样的;不同的</li></ul></li></ul><p>==翻译要点==</p><ol><li><p>it strikes one that: 我们会突然意识到</p></li><li><p>of 结构:their diversity of styles</p></li></ol><p>直译:它们风格的多样性</p><p>调整:它们风格多样</p><blockquote><p>这里也是静态语言动态语言之分,英文爱用名词,中文爱用动词</p></blockquote><h4 id="these-gardens-speak-of-various-other-fundamental-urges"><a href="#these-gardens-speak-of-various-other-fundamental-urges" class="headerlink" title="++these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges++"></a>++<strong>these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges</strong>++</h4><p>翻译:这些花园体现了各种其他的根本欲望</p><p>==词义==</p><ul><li><p>speak of 表明;说明;体现(to be evidence that sth exists or is present)</p></li><li><p>fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/ adj. 根本的;基本的;基础的</p></li><li><p><strong>urge /ɜ:dʒ/ n. (强烈的) 欲望;冲动</strong></p></li></ul><blockquote><p>真是怪了,这里的various为啥能放在other前面呢</p><p>urge我还以为是敦促,那敦促是什么呢</p></blockquote><h4 id="beyond-that-of-decoration-and-creative-expression"><a href="#beyond-that-of-decoration-and-creative-expression" class="headerlink" title="++beyond that of decoration and creative expression.++"></a>++<strong>beyond that of decoration and creative expression.</strong>++</h4><p>翻译:除了装饰和创造性表达的欲望之外</p><p>==词义==</p><ul><li>beyond prep. 超出;<strong>除…之外</strong></li><li>decoration /ˌdekəˈreɪʃn/ n. 装饰;装饰品<ul><li>decorate /ˈdekəreɪt/ v. 装饰</li></ul></li></ul><blockquote><p>这里我把beyond翻译成超过了</p></blockquote><p>==翻译要点==</p><p>代词 that:指明要点–urge</p><p>of 结构:A of B and C→B和C 的A</p><h4 id="重组"><a href="#重组" class="headerlink" title="++重组++"></a>++<strong>重组</strong>++</h4><ol><li><p>2、3重组时需注意++中文关联词成对出现++:尽管…但是…</p></li><li><p>中英语序差异:</p><p> 英文:主语+重要信息+修饰解释(中心信息前置)</p><p> 中文:主语+修饰解释+重要信息(自然因果顺序)</p></li></ol><p>所以在 ③④重组时</p><p>直译为:这些花园体现了各种其他的根本欲望,除了装饰和创造性表达的欲望之外 </p><p>++调整为符合中文语序++: <strong>把除了往前放</strong></p><p>调整 1:这些花园除了装饰和创造性表达的欲望之外,还体现了各种其他的根本欲望 </p><p>++增加动词++:体现/表达</p><p>调整 2:这些花园除了表达装饰和创造性表达的欲望之外,还体现了各种其他的根本欲望。</p><pre><code>He wears a coat, a hat and a scarf. 他穿着一件上衣,戴着一顶帽子,系着一个围脖。 </code></pre><p>++增加对象词++:人类</p><p>调整 3:这些花园除了表达(人类)装饰和创造性表达的欲望之外,还体现了(人类)各种其他的根本欲望。</p><p>然而,当<strong>我们</strong>看到那些由无家可归者<strong>创造</strong>的花园的照片时,<strong>我们</strong>会突然意识到,<strong>尽管</strong>它们风格<strong>多样</strong>,<strong>但是</strong>这些花园**除了表达(人类)<strong>装饰和创造性表达的欲望之外,<strong>还</strong>体现了</strong>(人类)**各种 其他的根本欲望。</p><hr><h3 id="第二句"><a href="#第二句" class="headerlink" title="第二句"></a>第二句</h3><blockquote><p>A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need.</p></blockquote><h4 id="A-sacred-place-of-peace"><a href="#A-sacred-place-of-peace" class="headerlink" title="++A sacred place of peace++"></a>++<strong>A sacred place of peace</strong>++</h4><p>翻译:一个神圣的宁静之所 </p><p>==词义== </p><ul><li>sacred /ˈseɪkrɪd/ adj. 神圣的;宗教的;受崇敬的</li></ul><p>==翻译要点==: </p><ul><li><p>调整语序:定语前置 </p></li><li><p>peace /piːs/ n. 和平;平静,安静,<strong>宁静</strong> (在这个题里,和这个文章的意思不符合了)</p></li></ul><h4 id="however-crude-it-may-be"><a href="#however-crude-it-may-be" class="headerlink" title="++however crude it may be++"></a>++<strong>however crude it may be</strong>++</h4><p>翻译:无论它多么简陋 </p><p>==翻译要点==: </p><p><strong>however = no matter how</strong> (与adj.或 adv.连用)无论多么;无论如何 </p><p><strong>crude</strong> /kruːd/ adj. <strong>粗糙的</strong>;粗制的;天然的;未加工的 (这里不能写未加工,需要根据文意来调整,改为简陋)</p><p>代词 it:它 </p><h4 id="is-a-distinctly-human-need"><a href="#is-a-distinctly-human-need" class="headerlink" title="++is a distinctly human need++"></a>++<strong>is a distinctly human need</strong>++</h4><p>翻译:明显是人类的需求 </p><p>==生难词==: </p><ul><li>distinctly /dɪˈstɪŋktli/ adv. <strong>明显地</strong>;清楚地 <ul><li>distinct adj. 明显的;清晰的;确实的</li></ul></li></ul><h4 id="as-opposed-to-shelter-which-is-a-distinctly-animal-need"><a href="#as-opposed-to-shelter-which-is-a-distinctly-animal-need" class="headerlink" title="++as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need.++"></a>++<strong>as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need.</strong>++</h4><p>前置:与明显是动物需求的庇护所不同</p><p>后置:与庇护所不同,庇护所明显是动物需求✅(这个更好一些)</p><p>调整:与庇护所不同,后者明显是动物需求</p><p>==生难词==: </p><ul><li>as opposed to (表示对比)而,相对于 (= <strong>rather than</strong>)(这里翻译为<strong>与…不同</strong>)<ul><li>used to make a contrast between two things【Oxford】</li></ul></li></ul><p>shelter /ˈʃeltə(r)/ n. (尤指用以躲避风雨或攻击的)遮蔽物;避难处;庇护所</p><h4 id="重组-1"><a href="#重组-1" class="headerlink" title="重组"></a><strong>重组</strong></h4><p>这方面没啥需要大改的,就是在is a distinctly前面加一个代词这,让句意更通顺</p><hr><h3 id="第三句"><a href="#第三句" class="headerlink" title="第三句"></a>第三句</h3><blockquote><p><strong>The gardens of the homeless, which are in effect homeless gardens, introduce form into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such.</strong></p></blockquote><blockquote><p>which引导的定语从句和where引导的定语从句</p></blockquote><p>翻译:无家可归者的花园实际上也是无家之园,它们把“形式”引入城市环境,在城市环境中,要么</p><p>不存在这种“形式”,要么不把它识别为真的“形式”。</p><h4 id="The-gardens-of-the-homeless"><a href="#The-gardens-of-the-homeless" class="headerlink" title="The gardens of the homeless"></a>The gardens of the homeless</h4><p>无家可归者的花园</p><h4 id="which-are-in-effect-homeless-gardens"><a href="#which-are-in-effect-homeless-gardens" class="headerlink" title="which are in effect homeless gardens"></a>which are in effect homeless gardens</h4><p>==词义==</p><ul><li>in effect 是 <strong>实际上</strong>;<strong>事实上</strong>的意思</li></ul><p>==要点==</p><p>这里的homeless gardens直译为“无家可归”的花园,但是不通顺</p><p>调整为无家之园</p><p>这个地方可以将一二句重组</p><h4 id="introduce-form-into-an-urban-environment"><a href="#introduce-form-into-an-urban-environment" class="headerlink" title="introduce form into an urban environment"></a>introduce form into an urban environment</h4><p>form是一个斜体,可能表示强调或者别的含义,需要加双引号</p><p>introduce 的主题是无家可归者的花园</p><p>需要补充一个代词来指代前面的主语(它们)</p><p>这里的introduce… into… 意思为<strong>将…引入</strong>,<strong>为…带来</strong>,而不是直接理解成介绍</p><blockquote><p>很遗憾本人就是直接当介绍来理解了,居然忘记introduce还有引入的含义</p></blockquote><h4 id="where-it-either-didn’t-exist-or-was-not-discernible-as-such"><a href="#where-it-either-didn’t-exist-or-was-not-discernible-as-such" class="headerlink" title="where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such"></a>where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such</h4><p>这里主要还是词义的问题:</p><ul><li>either… or… 是要么…要么…的意思<ul><li>neither··· nor···是既不···也不···</li></ul></li></ul><blockquote><p>在这里我翻译成既…也….了</p></blockquote><ul><li><strong>discernible</strong> 可辨别的;可识别的(我不知道是啥意思)<ul><li>discern v. 识别;辨别</li></ul></li><li>as such 准确意义上;严格来说(与否定词连用)</li></ul><p>where修饰environment,相当于in environment</p><p>it指的是前面的form</p><p>discernible直接翻译很奇怪,所以换成 be discerned。</p><p>直译:在城市环境中,这种“形式”要么不存在,要么不被识别为真的“形式”</p><blockquote><p>这里的被动需要调整一下,不被…就像相当于不把它…</p><p>这里前面也需要改成动词,改为不存在这种形式</p></blockquote><p>调整:++在城市环境中,要么不存在这种“形式”,要么不把它识别为真的“形式”++</p><h4 id="重组-2"><a href="#重组-2" class="headerlink" title="重组"></a>重组</h4><p>无家可归者的花园实际上也是无家之园,它们把“形式”引入城市环境,在城市环境中,要么</p><p>不存在这种“形式”,要么不把它识别为真的“形式”。</p><hr><h3 id="第四句"><a href="#第四句" class="headerlink" title="第四句"></a>第四句</h3><blockquote><p><strong>most of us give in to a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic.</strong></p></blockquote><blockquote><p>拆分方面:</p><p>most of us give in to a demoralization of spirit主谓宾,句子主干</p><p>which we usually blame on some psychological conditions定从</p><p>until one day we find ourselves in a garden 时间状语从句</p><p> feel the oppression vanish as if by magic</p></blockquote><h4 id="most-of-us-give-in-to-a-demoralization-of-spirit"><a href="#most-of-us-give-in-to-a-demoralization-of-spirit" class="headerlink" title="most of us give in to a demoralization of spirit"></a>most of us give in to a demoralization of spirit</h4><blockquote><p>直译:我们大多数人会屈服于精神的意志消沉</p><p>调整:我们大多数人都会陷入一种精神萎靡的状态</p></blockquote><ul><li><p>give in(to sb/sth)屈服、让步、头像</p></li><li><p>demoralization n. 意志消沉;士气低落;推搡</p><ul><li>demoralize v. 使意志消沉</li></ul></li></ul><p>==翻译要点==</p><p>give in (to sb/sth):屈服于→陷入</p><p>of 结构:a demoralization of spirit</p><p>直译:精神的意志消沉</p><p>调整 1:精神萎靡(名词转译为动词)</p><p>调整 2:精神萎靡的状态(增加范畴词)</p><blockquote><p>增加范畴词:(英译汉)</p><p>范畴词,汉语特有的表达习惯,没有实际意义,用于归类或概括某一属性、状态或行为,使抽象概念具象化。英语原文无对应词,但中文需补充才能符合表达习惯。水平,方式,方法,情况,问题,方面</p></blockquote><h4 id="which-we-usually-blame-on-some-psychological-conditions"><a href="#which-we-usually-blame-on-some-psychological-conditions" class="headerlink" title="which we usually blame on some psychological conditions"></a>which we usually blame on some psychological conditions</h4><ul><li>blame A on B 把A 归咎于 B</li></ul><p>Police are <strong>blaming</strong> the accident <strong>on</strong> dangerous driving.【<em>Oxford</em>】</p><ul><li>blame B for A 把A 归咎于 B(因为 A 责怪B)</li></ul><p>She doesn’t <strong>blame</strong> anyone <strong>for</strong> the accident. 【<em>Oxford</em>】</p><ul><li><p>psychological /ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ adj. 心理的;心理学的</p><ul><li>psychology n. 心理学 </li><li>psychologist n. 心理学家</li></ul></li><li><p>condition n. 条件;状况(2018 年完型)</p><ol><li>状态,状况 in bad/good condition 处于糟糕的/良好的状态</li><li>(居住、工作)<strong>环境</strong>,条件 under … conditions 在…条件/环境下</li><li>(先决)条件 a necessary <strong>condition for</strong> …的必要条件</li><li><strong>疾病</strong> a heart condition 心脏病</li></ol></li></ul><p>这里是blame~on,中间加一个代词其(翻译对了✅)</p><h4 id="until-one-day-we-find-ourselves-in-a-garden"><a href="#until-one-day-we-find-ourselves-in-a-garden" class="headerlink" title="until one day we find ourselves in a garden"></a>until one day we find ourselves in a garden</h4><blockquote><p>翻译:直到有一天,我们发现自己身处花园</p></blockquote><h4 id="and-feel-the-oppression-vanish-as-if-by-magic"><a href="#and-feel-the-oppression-vanish-as-if-by-magic" class="headerlink" title="and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic"></a>and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic</h4><p>直译:感到那种压抑神奇地消失了</p><p>调整:才感到那种压抑感神奇地消失了</p><p>as if by magic 神奇地;奇迹般地。当作固定搭配来记</p><p>by magic是状语,修饰vanish的,需要前置</p><p>前面and 是 feel和find的并列,这个地方有一个隐形的因果逻辑,翻译为才</p><p>oppression,可以翻译成压抑</p><p>vanish v. 消失;突然不见</p><h4 id="重组-3"><a href="#重组-3" class="headerlink" title="重组"></a><strong>重组</strong></h4><p>我们大多数人都会<strong>陷入</strong>一种<strong>精神萎靡</strong>的<strong>状态</strong>, 我们通常将<strong>其</strong>归咎于<strong>某些</strong>心理疾病,直到有一天,我们发现自己身处花园,<strong>才</strong>感到那种压抑<strong>感</strong>神奇地消失了。</p><hr><h3 id="第五句"><a href="#第五句" class="headerlink" title="第五句"></a>第五句</h3><blockquote><p><strong>It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden,though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions.</strong></p></blockquote><h4 id="It-is-this-implicit-or-explicit-reference-to-nature-that-fully-justifies-the-use-of-word-garden"><a href="#It-is-this-implicit-or-explicit-reference-to-nature-that-fully-justifies-the-use-of-word-garden" class="headerlink" title="It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden"></a>It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden</h4><p>翻译:<strong>正是</strong>这种或含蓄或明确的对自然的<strong>参照</strong>,充分证明了<strong>使用</strong>“花园”一词是合理的</p><p>这是一个强调结构it is + 强调部分 + that,去掉强调结构,句子仍然完整</p><ul><li><p>implicit /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/ adj. 含蓄的;暗示的</p></li><li><p>explicit /ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/ adj. 明确的;直言不讳的</p></li><li><p>reference /ˈrefrəns/ n. 提及;谈及;参考,参照</p></li><li><p>justify /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/ v. 证明…正当;为…辩护;对…作出解释</p><ul><li>justification /ˌdʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 正当理由;辩护</li></ul></li></ul><p>==翻译要点==</p><ul><li><p>强调结构:</p><ol><li><p>辨别方法:it is +强调部分+ that,去掉强调结构,句子仍然完整</p></li><li><p>翻译方法:强调部分加上“正如,正是,就是,恰恰是等”</p></li></ol></li><li><p>reference 词义确定:参照/指涉</p></li><li><p>of 结构:the use of word garden→use 转译为动词</p></li></ul><h4 id="though-in-a-“liberated”-sense"><a href="#though-in-a-“liberated”-sense" class="headerlink" title="though in a “liberated” sense"></a>though in a “liberated” sense</h4><ul><li><p>直译:尽管是在一种“不受束缚的”的意义上</p></li><li><p>调整:</p><ol><li>尽管是一种“宽泛”意义上的花园</li><li>尽管是“广义”的花园</li><li>尽管得稍稍“解放”花园这个词的语义</li></ol></li></ul><p>==生难词==</p><ul><li><p>liberated /ˈlɪbəreɪtɪd/ adj. 解放的;不受束缚的</p><ul><li><p>liberate /ˈlɪbəˌreɪt/ v. 解放;使自由</p></li><li><p>liberty /ˈlɪbətɪ/ n. 自由</p></li></ul></li><li><p>in a … sense 从…角度;在…意义上</p></li></ul><p>==要点==</p><p>这里的liberated应该怎么翻译,自由或者不受束缚似乎都不太对</p><p>原译本把这个翻译为“解放”,打了英豪</p><h4 id="to-describe-these-synthetic-constructions"><a href="#to-describe-these-synthetic-constructions" class="headerlink" title="to describe these synthetic constructions"></a>to describe these synthetic constructions</h4><p>翻译:来描述这些人造建造物</p><p>==生难词:==</p><p>synthetic /sɪnˈθetɪk/ adj. 人造的;(人工)合成的</p><p><strong>construction</strong> /kənˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n/ n. 建筑;<strong>建造物</strong></p><p>这里的construction不能翻作建筑,可以翻译为建造物</p><h4 id="重组-4"><a href="#重组-4" class="headerlink" title="重组"></a>重组</h4><p>尽管是一种“宽泛”意义上的花园,但正是这种或含蓄或明确的对自然的参照,充分证明了使用“花园”一词来描述这些人造建造物是合理的。</p><p>==要点==:</p><ul><li><p>插入语的译法:</p><ol><li>提到句首</li><li>保留原文位置,用破折号连接</li></ol></li><li><p>中文关联词成对出现:尽管…但是…</p></li><li><p>① ③重组:语序调整</p></li></ul><h2 id="原文"><a href="#原文" class="headerlink" title="原文"></a>原文</h2><p>It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) ++Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression++.</p><p>One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)++A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need++. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the former becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48)++The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such++. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.</p><p>Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49) ++most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic++. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)++It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions++. In them we can see basophilic- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life-assuming uncanny representational forms.</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><blockquote>
<p>知识点的来源于<a href="https://b23.tv/NJG2bbI">大道至简Loru</a>,整理不易麻烦大家支持一下Loru老师,只需要十块钱就能获得翻译和完形的整理,付费途径在这👉<a href="https://mp.weixi</summary>
<category term="英一翻译" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91/"/>
<category term="考研英语" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>英一翻译:2011年</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/10/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%EF%BC%9A2011%E5%B9%B4/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/10/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%EF%BC%9A2011%E5%B9%B4/</id>
<published>2025-09-10T07:39:01.000Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-09T03:12:09.740Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>是对<a href="https://space.bilibili.com/36033152?spm_id_from=333.788.upinfo.head.click">大道至简Loru</a>老师的<a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Gwt6zHEVz/?share_source=copy_web&vd_source=3930ee77044f4fec716dbcd388cd812e">【英一90】翻译真题怎么刷?</a>课程的笔记,如果想看详细讲解请移步文章最后观看视频:</p><p>知识点的整理来源于<a href="https://b23.tv/NJG2bbI">大道至简Loru</a>,整理不易麻烦大家支持一下Loru老师,只需要十块钱就能获得翻译和完形的整理,付费途径在这👉<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1dtXCQDMNb9jcwAG-33vlg">2011-2020【完型+翻译】完整笔记</a></p></blockquote><h2 id="题目"><a href="#题目" class="headerlink" title="题目"></a>题目</h2><h3 id="第一句"><a href="#第一句" class="headerlink" title="第一句"></a>第一句</h3><blockquote><p>Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share—that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts—and reveal its erroneous nature.</p></blockquote><p><strong>Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption</strong></p><p>was to 这里其实不能这么断,应该是to take,因为不可能用taking,所以用to take </p><p><strong>we all share</strong></p><p>share v. 有同样的情感(或想法、经历);这里译作<strong>认同</strong> </p><p> </p><p><strong>that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts</strong></p><p>这是个++同位语从句++</p><blockquote><p>同位语从句的翻译</p><p>辨认同位语从句:</p><ol><li>先行词通常是比较抽象的概念性的名词</li><li>that在从句中不作成分,从句不缺少成分,是独立句子</li></ol><p>翻译方法:</p><ol><li>先行词在主句中作宾语:<strong>保留原文语序</strong>,用冒号、破折号或“即”引出同位语从句</li><li>先行词在主句中作主语:<strong>从句独立成句</strong>,先译从句,再译主句</li></ol></blockquote><p>这里使用译法1</p><p>therefore conj. 所以(我把这个翻成因此了)</p><p><strong>and reveal its erroneous nature</strong></p><ul><li><p>++reveal++ /rɪˈviːl/ v. 揭示;显露</p><ul><li>revelation /ˌrevəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 披露;揭露;被泄露的秘密;被暴露的真相</li></ul></li><li><p>erroneous /ɪˈrəʊniəs/ adj. 错误的</p></li><li><p><strong>nature</strong> /ˈneɪtʃər/ n. 自然;天性;本质</p></li></ul><blockquote><p><strong>and的翻译</strong></p><p>英汉差异:</p><p>英语:形合语言,依赖连词等显性连接</p><p>汉语:意合语言,连词较少,靠语义连贯,隐性逻辑</p><ol><li><p>直译:和,并且,与…</p></li><li><p>省略不译</p></li><li><p>其他逻辑词:从而</p><ul><li>He practiced daily <em>and</em> won the championship. 他每日训练,从而赢得冠军。</li></ul></li></ol></blockquote><p><strong>重组</strong>:</p><p>艾伦的贡献是选取了一个<strong>我们都认同的</strong>假设—因为我们不是机器人,所以我们能掌控自己的想法—并且揭示了它的错误本质。</p><blockquote><p>we all share 作为定语,很短,所以定语前置翻译了</p></blockquote><hr><h3 id="第二句"><a href="#第二句" class="headerlink" title="第二句"></a>第二句</h3><blockquote><p>while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone,in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? “</p></blockquote><p><strong>while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control</strong> </p><ul><li><p>sustain /səˈsteɪn/ v. 维持;保持;支撑</p><ul><li>sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的</li></ul></li><li><p>illusion /ɪˈluːʒn/ n. 幻想;错觉</p><ul><li>illusory /ɪˈluːsəri/ adj. 幻觉的;虚幻的</li></ul></li></ul><blockquote><p>while conj. 的意思</p><ol><li><p>表时间:当…的时候 when</p></li><li><p>表时间:与…同时 at the same time</p></li><li><p>表对比:…而,…然而</p></li><li><p>表让步:虽然;尽管</p></li></ol></blockquote><p>the illusion of control 里直译为控制的错觉很奇怪,控制需要扩充一下,可以补充为“能够控制自己思想”的错觉</p><p>翻译:尽管我们或许可以维持“能控制自己思想”的错觉</p><p><strong>through the conscious mind alone</strong></p><ul><li><p>the conscious mind 这里的mind没实际含义,直接翻译成意识即可</p></li><li><p>alone adj. / adv.</p></li></ul><ol><li><p>独自;单独</p></li><li><p>(用于名词或代词后)唯一,只有</p><ul><li>You alone should determine what is right for you.</li></ul></li><li><p>(用于名词或代词后加强语气)仅仅</p><ul><li>The shoes alone cost £200.</li></ul></li></ol><p>翻译:仅凭意识</p><p><strong>in reality we are continually faced with a question</strong>:</p><ul><li>in reality 实际上;事实上</li><li>be faced with 面临。这里是被动结构。但是这个是固定搭配,直接翻译为面临即可</li></ul><p>翻译:事实上,我们会不断地面临一个问题:</p><p><strong>Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that?</strong></p><p>achieve /əˈtʃi:v/ v. 达到(某目标、地位、标准);完成</p><p>代词that直翻也没问题,但是补充一下指代的内容会更好</p><p>直译:为什么我不能让自己做这个或实现那个?</p><p>调整:为什么我不能让自己做这件事或实现那个目标?</p><blockquote><p>代词的翻译:</p><p>中文不善用代词;英文善用代词</p><ol><li>代词指明要点</li><li>模糊处理</li></ol></blockquote><p><strong>重组</strong>:</p><p>尽管我们或许可以<strong>仅凭意识</strong>维持“能控制自己思想”的错觉,<strong>但是</strong>事实上,我们会不断地面临一个问题:为什么我不能让自己做这件事或实现那个目标?</p><blockquote><ol><li><p>状语前置</p></li><li><p>中文关联词成对出现:尽管…但是</p></li></ol></blockquote><hr><h3 id="第三句"><a href="#第三句" class="headerlink" title="第三句"></a>第三句</h3><blockquote><p>This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.</p><p>难点在于:</p><ol><li>第一个and是哪两个部分在并列</li><li>后面的of是修饰什么的</li></ol><p>爽了,这两个难点我都翻对了✅</p></blockquote><p><strong>This seems a justification</strong></p><ul><li>justification /ˌdʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 正当理由;辩护<ul><li>justify /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/ v. 证明…正当;为…辩护;对…作出解释</li><li>justifiable /ˈdʒʌstɪˌfaɪəbəl/ adj. 有理由的;无可非议的</li></ul></li></ul><blockquote><p>代词的翻译</p><p>中文不善用代词;英文善用代词,翻译方法如下:</p><ol><li>代词指明要点</li><li>模糊处理:它,这,那</li></ol></blockquote><p>在这里,this可以不翻译成这,而是这种说法</p><p>翻译:++这种说法似乎是一种辩护++</p><p><strong>for neglect of those in need</strong></p><ul><li><p>neglect /nɪˈɡlekt/ n./v. 忽视;疏忽</p></li><li><p><strong>those in need</strong> 贫穷的人;贫困者(我这里就误翻成需要帮助的人了😠)</p></li></ul><p>这个句子是of结构</p><blockquote><p>of结构的翻译:</p><ol><li><p><strong>of</strong> 构成固定搭配:a lot of / a host of / a series of,这样就直接顺译</p></li><li><p><strong>A of B</strong>:</p><ol><li><p>B 的 A: the illusion of control</p></li><li><p>++A 转译为动词++:由动词衍生来的名词,++翻译为动词;或者增加动词++(本题就是如此)</p></li><li><p>B>8,B 后置:++A:B++(如果放到前面会显得头重脚轻)</p><p>eg. he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage ++of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning andin his own observations++.(2008 年 Q46)</p></li></ol></li><li><p><strong>of</strong> 结构的变形:<strong>A of B of C</strong> → <strong>C</strong> 的 <strong>B</strong> 的 <strong>A</strong></p></li></ol></blockquote><p>翻译:忽视贫困者</p><p><strong>and a rationalization of exploitation</strong></p><ul><li>exploitation /ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃn/ n. 开发;利用;剥削<ul><li>exploit /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/ v. 剥削;开发;利用</li></ul></li></ul><p>翻译:剥削的合理化 → 让剥削合理化</p><p><strong>of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom</strong></p><ul><li><p>superiority /su:ˌpɪəriˈɒrəti/ n. 优越(性);优势</p><ul><li>superior /su:ˈpɪəriə(r)/ adj. 优越的;高级的</li></ul></li><li><p>inferiority /ɪnˌfɪəriˈɒrəti/ n. 低等;劣等;劣势</p><ul><li>inferior /ɪnˈfɪəriə(r)/ adj. 低等的;较差的;次的</li></ul></li><li><p>those at the top 社会上层</p></li><li><p>those at the bottom 社会底层</p></li></ul><p>这里可以把inferiority微调一下,翻译为卑微,会稍微对应些</p><p><strong>重组</strong>:</p><p>这种说法似乎为忽视贫困者作辩护,让剥削、社会上层的优越和社会底层的卑微合理化。</p><blockquote><p>按照状语前置来翻译则为:</p><p>①②重组:这种说法似乎是忽视贫困者的一种辩护</p><p>调整后:</p><p>①②调整:这种说法似乎为忽视贫困者作辩护</p></blockquote><p>这里涉及到抽象名词的翻译(justification)</p><blockquote><p>抽象名词的翻译:</p><p>抽象名词:介词前,冠词后的名词(the /an/a + 名词 + 介词)</p><ol><li><p>由动词衍生来的名词,翻译为动词</p></li><li><p>没有动词词根,<strong>增加一个动词</strong></p></li></ol><p>英文是静态语言,善用名词</p><p>中文是动态语言,善用动词</p></blockquote><hr><h3 id="第四句"><a href="#第四句" class="headerlink" title="第四句"></a>第四句</h3><blockquote><p>circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us, and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation.</p></blockquote><p><strong>circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us</strong></p><ul><li><p>circumstance /ˈsɜ:rkəmstæns/ n. 环境</p></li><li><p><strong>be designed to</strong> 旨在,目的是(翻译成被设计为了😭)</p></li><li><p>bring out 使显现;<strong>使表现出</strong>;<strong>激发</strong>(其实就是把某个东西给拿出来)</p><ul><li><p>A crisis brings out the best in her. 危机促使她表现出她最好的一面。【<em>Oxford</em>】</p></li><li><p>He is totally dedicated and brings out the best in his pupils. 他全身心地投入,激发学生们最优秀的品质。【<em>Collins</em>】</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>翻译:环境似乎旨在激发我们最大的潜能</p><p><strong>and if we feel that we have been “wronged”</strong> </p><ul><li>wrong v. <strong>不公正(或不诚实)对待</strong>(熟词辟义)</li></ul><p>这里be wronged是被动结构</p><blockquote><p>被动结构的翻译</p><p>中英差异:英文被动语态较多,中文被动语态较少。</p><p>核心原则:尽量不用“被”</p><ol><li><p>用其他词替换“被”:遭到;受到;为**…<strong>所;是由</strong>…**的;得以</p><p>these feelings are created and conveyed(2005Q46)</p></li><li><p>固定搭配</p><p>be faced with 面临</p><p>be charged with 承担责任;负有…责任(2006Q48)</p><p>be viewed as 被视作(2007Q46)</p><p>++It is believed that 人们认为++</p></li><li><p>被动变主动,可根据语境补充主语</p><p>More efforts should be made. 应付出更多努力</p></li><li><p>有被不用被</p><p>The problem must be solved immediately. 问题须立即解决。</p></li></ol></blockquote><p>这里可以用“受到”来表达被</p><p>翻译:如果我们感觉自己受到“不公正对待”</p><p><strong>then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation</strong></p><ul><li><p>then 然后;那时;既然如此,++那么++</p></li><li><p>are unlikely to 不太可能</p></li><li><p>escape from 逃脱,摆脱,逃避(不愉快或危险处境)</p></li></ul><p>前面有if,所以这里then可以翻译为那么</p><p>begin a conscious effort直译为开始一个有意识的努力,这体现了英语是静态语言,中文里看着很怪,所以应该<strong>直接转译为动词</strong>:有意识地努力</p><blockquote><p>补充转化方面的两点:</p><ol><li><p>动词的过渡:I give you my support. 我支持你。</p></li><li><p>形容词和副词互相转化</p></li></ol></blockquote><p><strong>重组:</strong></p><p>环境似乎旨在激发我们最大的潜能,如果我们感觉自己受到“不公正对待”,那么就不太可能有意识地去努力摆脱自己的处境。</p><blockquote><p>这里的and可以不用翻译了,因为并列不是很强烈</p></blockquote><p> </p><hr><h3 id="第五句:较难的一句"><a href="#第五句:较难的一句" class="headerlink" title="第五句:较难的一句"></a>第五句:较难的一句</h3><blockquote><p>The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.</p></blockquote><p><strong>The upside is the possibilities</strong></p><ul><li>upside /ˈʌpsaɪd/ n. <strong>好的一面</strong>;正面<ul><li>downside /ˈdaʊnsaɪd/ n. 缺点;不利方面</li></ul></li></ul><p>翻译:好的一面是可能性 → 积极的一面是各种可能性</p><p><strong>contained in knowing that everything is up to us</strong></p><ul><li><p>contain /kənˈteɪn/ v. 包含;含有</p></li><li><p>be up to sb 由…决定,取决于</p></li></ul><p>翻译:包含在知道一切取决于自己</p><blockquote><p>但是这样翻译还是很怪,因为前两部分是同一句,这里可以先重组一下</p><p>把第二部分这个定语前置翻译一下</p><p>👉积极的一面是包含在 知道一切取决于自己 中的可能性</p><p>但是看着还是很怪,所以要进行调整</p><p>调整的点在于<strong>contain没有实际含义</strong>,并非具象的包含,而是抽象的可能性包含在什么东西之中,包含着一点潜在的因果逻辑,所以可以拆开来翻译,中间加一个”便“(这个难度还是太高了😭)</p><p>调整为:++积极的一面是,知道一切取决于自己,便有了种种可能++。</p></blockquote><p>real_翻译:积极的一面是,知道一切取决于自己,便有了种种可能</p><p> </p><p><strong>where before we were experts in the array of limitations</strong></p><ul><li><p>expert /ˈɛkspɜːt/ n. 专家;行家 </p><ul><li>搭配:expert at/in/on sth某方面的专家</li></ul></li><li><p>an array of 大量;各种</p></li><li><p>limitation /ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən/ n. 限制;局限</p></li></ul><blockquote><p>这里的难点在于是where引导的从句</p></blockquote><p> 这个地方的从句可以和第四部分结合在一起看,三中有before,四中有now,从句主要是引导过去到现在的对比,所以where没必要翻译</p><p>同时这里的定语需要前置为…的专家,直译为 👉 ++从前,我们是种种限制的专家++</p><p>但是不够通顺,所以我们可以增加一点动词,翻译为:++从前,我们是熟练应对种种限制的专家++</p><p>但是这样还是不够通顺,所以我们可以把名词转译为动词:++从前,我们能熟练应对种种限制++</p><p><strong>now we become authorities of what is possible</strong></p><ul><li>authority /əˈθɔ:rəti/ n. 权力;权威;官方;当局</li></ul><blockquote><p>what is possible可以译作可能性</p></blockquote><p>同上,名词转译动词译作:++现在,我们可以驾驭所有可能性++</p><p><strong>重组</strong>:</p><p>积极的一面是,知道一切取决于自己,便有了种种可能。从前,我们是熟练应对种种限制的专家,现在,我们成了驾驭可能性的权威。</p><p>如果要名转译动的话,那就是:</p><p>积极的一面是,知道一切取决于自己,便有了种种可能。从前,我们能熟练应对种种限制,现在,我们驾驭所有可能性。</p><p> </p><h2 id="原文"><a href="#原文" class="headerlink" title="原文"></a>原文</h2><p>With its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances,the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing.</p><p>++Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature.++ Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter,we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and ++while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone,in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? “++</p><p> Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire,Allen concluded: “We do not attract what we want. but what we are.” Achievement happens because you as a person embody the external achievement; you don’t “get” success but become it. There is no gap between mind and matter.</p><p> Part of the fame of Allen’s book is its contention that “Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.” ++This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.++</p><p>This, however, would be a knee-jerk reaction to a subtle argument. Each set of circumstances, however bad, offers a unique opportunity for growth. If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed. In fact, ++circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation++.Nevertheless,as any biographer knows, a person’s early life and its conditions are often the greatest gift to an individual.</p><p> The sobering aspect of Allen’s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves.++The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible++.</p><h2 id="课程"><a href="#课程" class="headerlink" title="课程"></a>课程</h2><iframe src="//player.bilibili.com/player.html?isOutside=true&aid=114987146156427&bvid=BV1Gwt6zHEVz&cid=31546542181&p=1" scrolling="no" border="0" frameborder="no" framespacing="0" allowfullscreen="true"></iframe>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><blockquote>
<p>是对<a href="https://space.bilibili.com/36033152?spm_id_from=333.788.upinfo.head.click">大道至简Loru</a>老师的<a href="https://www.bi</summary>
<category term="英一翻译" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91/"/>
<category term="考研英语" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>英一翻译方法论</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/09/%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93%EF%BC%88%E6%8C%81%E7%BB%AD%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%EF%BC%89/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/09/%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93%EF%BC%88%E6%8C%81%E7%BB%AD%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%EF%BC%89/</id>
<published>2025-09-09T11:56:08.000Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:20.359Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="一些问题"><a href="#一些问题" class="headerlink" title="一些问题"></a>一些问题</h1><blockquote><p><strong>需要读原文吗</strong>?</p></blockquote><p>不需要,以需要翻译的句子为核心,看不懂的时候再联系上下文找相关线索</p><h1 id="以2011年为例"><a href="#以2011年为例" class="headerlink" title="以2011年为例"></a>以2011年为例</h1><p>and连接什么?也就是这里的并列结构是什么样的?</p><blockquote><p>并列结构:词义相近;词性相同;结构类似</p></blockquote>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h1 id="一些问题"><a href="#一些问题" class="headerlink" title="一些问题"></a>一些问题</h1><blockquote>
<p><strong>需要读原文吗</strong>?</p>
</blockquote>
<p>不需要</summary>
<category term="英一翻译" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91/"/>
<category term="考研" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>英一翻译:2012年</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/09/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%EF%BC%9A2012%E5%B9%B4/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/09/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%EF%BC%9A2012%E5%B9%B4/</id>
<published>2025-09-09T01:50:09.000Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:28.402Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>原文在文章最后</p><p>知识点的整理来源于<a href="https://b23.tv/NJG2bbI">大道至简Loru</a>,整理不易麻烦大家支持一下Loru老师,只需要十块钱就能获得翻译和完形的整理,付费途径在这👉<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1dtXCQDMNb9jcwAG-33vlg">2011-2020【完型+翻译】完整笔记</a></p></blockquote><h2 id="题目"><a href="#题目" class="headerlink" title="题目"></a>题目</h2><h3 id="第一题"><a href="#第一题" class="headerlink" title="第一题"></a>第一题</h3><blockquote><p>In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything-a single generative equation for all we see.</p></blockquote><h4 id="意群划分"><a href="#意群划分" class="headerlink" title="意群划分"></a>意群划分</h4><ol><li><p>In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme</p></li><li><p>and seeks a theory of everything</p></li><li><p>a single generative equation for all we see.</p></li></ol><h4 id="意群一:"><a href="#意群一:" class="headerlink" title="意群一:"></a>意群一:</h4><p><strong>In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme</strong></p><blockquote><p><strong>生难词</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>physics n. 物理学</p></li><li><p>approach n. 方法、方式</p></li><li><p>impulse n. 冲动;刺激;脉冲</p></li><li><p>unification n. 统一</p><ul><li>延伸: unify v. (使)统一;(使)成一体</li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><p> </p><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li>one approach 中的 one 是泛指,有一种方法</li><li>take … to its extreme</li></ul><p><strong>关键部分</strong>:</p><p>In physics, one approach <strong>takes this impulse for unification</strong> to its extreme</p><p>直译:这种统一的冲动</p><p>调整后:这种<strong>追求</strong>统一的冲动</p><blockquote><p>这里的介词for做impulse的定语,要翻译的话需要把<strong>定语前置</strong></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong>抽象名词的翻译</strong>:介词前,冠词后的名词(the/an/a + 名词 + 介词)</p><ol><li>由动词衍生来的名词,翻译为动词</li><li>没有动词词根,增加一个动词</li></ol></blockquote><p><strong>意群整译:</strong></p><p>In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme</p><p>在物理学中,<em>有</em>一种方法把这种追求统一的冲动推向了极端</p><h4 id="意群二:"><a href="#意群二:" class="headerlink" title="意群二:"></a>意群二:</h4><p><strong>and seeks a theory of everything</strong></p><blockquote><p>这里的theory算是抽象名词(介词前冠词后),沿用前面的翻译方式,抽象名词前增加动词:可以解释。不然直译为试图寻找一个一切的理论,不太通顺。</p></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li>seek (to try to obtain or achieve sth),从这个英文含义中可以看出seek有<strong>试图寻找</strong>的内涵,故译作试图寻找</li><li>Theory of Everything (ToE): <strong>万物理论</strong>/<strong>万有理论</strong>,这是一个专有名词</li></ul><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>and seeks a theory of everything</p><p>试图寻找<strong>可以解释</strong>一切的理论</p><p>或直接按专有名词翻译为:试图寻找一种万有理论</p><h4 id="意群三:"><a href="#意群三:" class="headerlink" title="意群三:"></a>意群三:</h4><p><strong>a single generative equation for all we see</strong></p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li>generative adj. 有生产力的;能生产的;生成的<ul><li>衍生:generate v. 产生;引起</li></ul></li><li>equation n. 方程式;等式</li></ul></blockquote><p> </p><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li>generative equation:生成等式,可以理解为“元”方程。</li></ul><p><strong>关键部分</strong>:</p><p>a single generative equation for <strong>all we see</strong></p><p>译作:我们看到<strong>的</strong>一切</p><blockquote><p>核心词是all,后面是省略连词的定语从句,这个定语从句很短,所以在翻译时可以前置</p></blockquote><p>a single generative equation <strong>for</strong> all we see</p><p>这里的for作为介词怎么翻译呢?</p><p>可以翻作解释/涵盖/概括</p><blockquote><p>介词的译法:</p><ol><li>方位副词:on the table 在桌子上</li><li>转译动词:英语中的介词常隐含动作概念<ul><li>eg. this gift is for you 这个礼物是<strong>送给</strong>你的</li></ul></li></ol></blockquote><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>a single generative equation for all we see</p><p>顺译:<strong>用一个生成等式来</strong>概括我们看到的一切</p><p>定语前置后:<strong>一个</strong>能概括我们看到的一切<strong>的生成等式</strong></p><h4 id="意群重组:"><a href="#意群重组:" class="headerlink" title="意群重组:"></a>意群重组:</h4><p>这里没什么需要调整的,直接拼接就行:</p><p>In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything-a single generative equation for all we see.</p><p>在物理学中,<em>有</em>一种方法把这种追求统一的冲动推向了极端,试图寻找一种万有理论——<strong>一个</strong>能概括我们看到的一切<strong>的生成等式</strong></p><hr><h3 id="第二题"><a href="#第二题" class="headerlink" title="第二题"></a>第二题</h3><blockquote><p>Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification ,for if all humans share common origins ,it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings.</p></blockquote><h4 id="意群划分-1"><a href="#意群划分-1" class="headerlink" title="意群划分"></a>意群划分</h4><ol><li>Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification </li><li>for it all humans share common origins</li><li>it seems reasonable to suppose</li><li>that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings</li></ol><h4 id="意群一:-1"><a href="#意群一:-1" class="headerlink" title="意群一:"></a>意群一:</h4><p><strong>Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification</strong> </p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li>Darwinism n. 达尔文主义、达尔文学说</li><li>justification n. 正当理由,辩护<ul><li>衍:justify v. 证明… 正确,对…做出解释</li></ul></li><li>补充:-ism后缀:<ol><li>表示学说、主义:capitalism</li><li>表示政治运动,宗教信仰:Buddhism 佛教</li><li>表示态度,行为:criticism 批评,heroism 英雄气概</li></ol></li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点:</strong></p><ul><li>here :这里,可以引申至在这一点上/在社科领域</li><li>justification:正当理由,可以引申指做出了证明,提供了依据</li></ul><p><strong>关键部分</strong>:</p><p>Here, Darwinism seems to <strong>offer justification</strong></p><p>直接翻译不太符合中文习惯,在保持原义不变的基础上,这里可以译作做出证明,提供依据</p><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification</p><p>直译:这里,达尔文主义似乎提供了正当理由</p><p>调整:在这一点上,达尔文主义似乎<strong>做出了证明</strong></p><h4 id="意群二"><a href="#意群二" class="headerlink" title="意群二"></a>意群二</h4><p>for if all humans share common origins</p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li>for conj. 因为/由于</li><li>share 有相同的感情(或想法、经历等)</li><li>common adj.<ol><li>共同的 share a common intersest</li><li>常见的;普遍的 a common name</li><li>普通的;平凡的 the common people</li></ol></li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>for if all humans share common origins</p><p>因为,如果全人类都有共同的起源</p><h4 id="意群三"><a href="#意群三" class="headerlink" title="意群三"></a>意群三</h4><p>it seems reasonable to suppose</p><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><blockquote><p>it + is/seems + adj. + to do sth/that 从句</p></blockquote><p>这设计到<strong>形式主语的翻译</strong>:</p><ol><li><p>it 不需要翻译,真正的主语在于后面的从句或不定式</p></li><li><p>两种翻译方法:</p><ol><li><p>按照英语语序翻译:先翻译系表,再译to do/that</p></li><li><p>先翻译to do/that ,再翻译adj.(系表结构) 译作 做什么,是什么样的</p></li></ol></li></ol><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>it seems reasonable to suppose</p><p>似乎有理由认为</p><p>认为…, 似乎是合理的</p><h4 id="意群四"><a href="#意群四" class="headerlink" title="意群四"></a>意群四</h4><p>that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings</p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li><strong>Diversity</strong> n. 多样性;差异<ul><li>diverse adj. 多种多样的,不同的</li><li>diversify v. 使多样化</li></ul></li><li>trace v. 追踪;追溯</li><li><strong>constrained</strong> adj. 受限制的;受约束的<ul><li>constrain v. 限制;迫使</li></ul></li><li><strong>constraint</strong> n. 约束;限制;强迫</li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li>be traced to :这里的被动结构<strong>直接忽视</strong>,翻译为追溯至</li></ul><blockquote><p><strong>被动结构的翻译</strong>:核心原则为尽量不用“被”</p><ol><li>用其他词替换“被”:遭到;受到;为…所;是由… 的;得以</li><li>固定搭配</li><li>被动变主动,可根据语境补充主义</li><li>有被不用被(忽略大法)</li></ol></blockquote><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings</p><p>文化多样性也可以追溯到更有限的源头</p><h4 id="意群重组:-1"><a href="#意群重组:-1" class="headerlink" title="意群重组:"></a>意群重组:</h4><blockquote><p>这里需要注意<strong>中文关联词成对出现</strong>:如果…那么…</p></blockquote><p>Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification ,for if all humans share common origins ,it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings.</p><p>在这一点上,达尔文主义似乎<strong>做出了证明</strong>,因为<strong>如果</strong>全人类都有共同的起源,<strong>那么</strong>似乎有理由认为文化多样性也可以追溯到更有限的源头</p><hr><h3 id="第三题"><a href="#第三题" class="headerlink" title="第三题"></a>第三题</h3><blockquote><p><strong>To filter out</strong> what is unique from what is shared <u>might enable us</u> to understand <strong>how</strong> complex cultural behavior arose <strong>and</strong> <strong>what</strong> guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms</p></blockquote><h4 id="意群划分-2"><a href="#意群划分-2" class="headerlink" title="意群划分"></a>意群划分</h4><blockquote><p>to filter out …… from…. 的不定式作主语</p><p>and 连接从句的两个部分</p></blockquote><ol><li>To filter out what is unique from what is shared</li><li>might enable us to understand</li><li>how complex cultural behavior arose</li><li>and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms</li></ol><h4 id="意群一"><a href="#意群一" class="headerlink" title="意群一"></a>意群一</h4><p><strong>To filter out what is unique from what is shared</strong></p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li>filter v. 过滤;筛选<ul><li>filter out A from B,从B中过滤/筛选/剔除出A</li></ul></li><li>unique adj. 独特的;独一无二的</li><li>share v. 分享;分担;共有 n. 份额,股份</li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li>what 引导的宾语从句,这里因为从句很短所以可以译作抽象名词短语</li></ul><blockquote><p>名词性从句 what = the thing that</p><ol><li>从句很短,那么就把整句话译为抽象名词短语<ul><li>what is possible 可能的东西,也就是可能性</li><li>what is unique 独有的东西,也就是独特特征/独特性</li><li>what is shared 共有的东西,也就是共有特征/共性</li></ul></li><li>从句比较复杂,那么就把what译作名词</li></ol></blockquote><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>To filter out what is unique from what is shared</p><p>从共有特征中过滤掉独有特征</p><h4 id="意群二-1"><a href="#意群二-1" class="headerlink" title="意群二"></a>意群二</h4><p><strong>might enable us to understand</strong></p><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>might enable us to understand</p><p>或许能让我们理解</p><h4 id="意群三-1"><a href="#意群三-1" class="headerlink" title="意群三"></a>意群三</h4><p><strong>how complex cultural behavior arose</strong></p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li>arise v. 出现;(由)产生</li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li>how引导的从句</li></ul><blockquote><p><strong>how引导的从句</strong>:</p><ol><li><p>表“方式”:How + 主语 + 谓语动词 , 翻译为“如何”</p><p>how complex cultural behavior arose 复杂的文化行为是如何产生的</p></li><li><p>表“程度”:How + 形容词/副词<a href="%E5%BD%A2%E5%AE%B9%E8%AF%8D%E6%9C%AC%E6%9D%A5%E5%BA%94%E8%AF%A5%E5%9C%A8%E8%B0%93%E8%A1%A8%E5%90%8E%E9%9D%A2%EF%BC%8C%E4%BD%86%E6%98%AF%E6%8F%90%E5%89%8D%E4%BA%86%EF%BC%8C%E8%A1%A8%E5%BC%BA%E8%B0%83">^2</a> + 主语 + 动词,翻译为“多么”</p><p>how complex cultural behavior is 文化行为多么复杂</p></li></ol></blockquote><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>how complex cultural behavior arose</p><p>复杂的文化行为是如何产生的</p><h4 id="意群四-1"><a href="#意群四-1" class="headerlink" title="意群四"></a>意群四</h4><p><strong>and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms</strong></p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li>in … term / in terms of 就… 而言;在…方面</li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li>what从句太长了,不可能翻译成一个名词,所以可以用方法二,把what翻译成名词</li></ul><blockquote><p>what翻译成什么就可以,但是调整一下翻译成何种因素</p><p>代词it :代之的是前面的complex cultural behavior(这种行为)</p><p>调整语序:in… terms是状语,需要把它前置</p></blockquote><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms</p><p>在进化或认知方面,是何种因素引导了这种行为</p><h4 id="意群重组"><a href="#意群重组" class="headerlink" title="意群重组"></a>意群重组</h4><blockquote><p>主语过长可以把主语断开,单独成句,然后后面补充上代词,让成分更加完整</p></blockquote><p><strong>To filter out</strong> what is unique from what is shared <u>might enable us</u> to understand <strong>how</strong> complex cultural behavior arose <strong>and</strong> <strong>what</strong> guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms</p><p>从共有特征中过滤掉独有特征,<strong>这</strong>或许能让我们理解复杂的文化行为是如何产生的,<strong>以及</strong>在进化或认知方面,是何种因素引导了这种行为。</p><hr><h3 id="第四题:最难的一句"><a href="#第四题:最难的一句" class="headerlink" title="第四题:最难的一句"></a>第四题:最难的一句</h3><blockquote><p>The second, by Joshua Greenberg, <u>takes a more empirical approach to</u> universality, identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages, which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints.</p></blockquote><h4 id="意群划分-3"><a href="#意群划分-3" class="headerlink" title="意群划分"></a>意群划分</h4><ol><li>The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality</li><li>identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages</li><li>which are considered to represent biases</li><li>that result from cognitive constraints</li></ol><blockquote><p>第一个为主句</p><p>第二个为现在分词短语</p><p>第三四个为which引导的定语从句,其中第四句为that引导的定语从句</p></blockquote><h4 id="意群一-1"><a href="#意群一-1" class="headerlink" title="意群一"></a>意群一</h4><p><strong>The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality</strong></p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li><strong>empirical</strong> adj. 经验主义的;以实验(或经验)为依据的<ul><li>反:theoretical adj. 理论上的</li></ul></li><li>approach n. 方式;方法</li><li>universality n. 普遍性<ul><li>Universal n. 普遍的;全世界的</li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>the second,直接翻译是第二个,但是意义不完整,需要往前回溯,就是前面的 two previous attempts和the most famous of these efforts</p></li><li><p>Joshua 人名的翻译</p></li><li><p>by 通常是动作的发出者,这里可以理解为<strong>由…做出</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>主语单独成句</strong>,补充代词指代</p></li><li><p>介词to 转译为动词,译作研究</p></li><li><p><strong>增加范围词</strong>:识别英文中隐含但中文需要显化的范围信息</p><ul><li>universality需要翻译为语言的普遍性</li></ul></li></ul><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality</p><p>第二知名的尝试<strong>由</strong>约书亚·格林伯格<strong>做出</strong>,<strong>他</strong>采用了一种更加经验主义的方法来<strong>研究语言的</strong>普遍性</p><h4 id="意群二-2"><a href="#意群二-2" class="headerlink" title="意群二"></a>意群二</h4><p><strong>identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages</strong></p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li>particularly adv. 特别;尤其;格外</li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li>调整语序:定语前置,两个定语谁在前谁在后?</li></ul><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages</p><p>识别了很多语言共有(特别在词序方面)的特征</p><h4 id="意群三-2"><a href="#意群三-2" class="headerlink" title="意群三"></a>意群三</h4><p><strong>which are considered to represent biases</strong></p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li><strong>represent</strong> v. 代表</li><li>bias n. 偏见,偏向;<strong>倾向</strong>(tendency)</li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>被动结构的翻译:如上,但是直接译为被视作</p></li><li><p>定语从句的翻译:这里用后置译法</p></li></ul><blockquote><p>定语从句的翻译:</p><ol><li>从句较短(小于8词):<strong>前置译法</strong>——放在被修饰词之前,译为 <strong>…的</strong></li><li>从句较长(大于8词):<strong>后置译法</strong>——主从句分开翻译,从句重复先行词</li></ol></blockquote><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>which are considered to represent biases</p><p>那些特征被视作代表了倾向</p><h4 id="意群四-2"><a href="#意群四-2" class="headerlink" title="意群四"></a>意群四</h4><p><strong>that result from cognitive constraints</strong></p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li>result from v. 由…引起;源于</li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li>这里也是一个定语从句,使用前置译法,然后整句放在biases前面</li></ul><p><strong>意群整译</strong>:</p><p>that result from cognitive constraints</p><p>由认知限制产生的</p><h4 id="意群重组-1"><a href="#意群重组-1" class="headerlink" title="意群重组"></a>意群重组</h4><p>The second, by Joshua Greenberg, <u>takes a more empirical approach to</u> universality, identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages, which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints.</p><p>第二知名的尝试<strong>由</strong>约书亚·格林伯格<strong>做出</strong>,<strong>他</strong>采用了一种更加经验主义的方法来<strong>研究语言的</strong>普遍性,识别了很多语言共有(特别在词序方面)的特征,那些特征被视作代表了由认知限制产生的倾向</p><hr><h3 id="第五题"><a href="#第五题" class="headerlink" title="第五题"></a>第五题</h3><blockquote><p><u>Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change</u> that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it,whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations.</p></blockquote><h4 id="意群划分-4"><a href="#意群划分-4" class="headerlink" title="意群划分"></a>意群划分</h4><ol><li>Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change</li><li>that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it</li><li>whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations</li></ol><blockquote><p>第一句为主句,第二句为that定语从句,第三句是whereas引导的从句</p></blockquote><h4 id="意群一-2"><a href="#意群一-2" class="headerlink" title="意群一"></a>意群一</h4><p><strong>Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change</strong></p><p>乔姆斯基的语法应该表明语言变化的模式</p><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li>of结构 : A of B ,翻译为 B 的 A</li></ul><h4 id="意群二-3"><a href="#意群二-3" class="headerlink" title="意群二"></a>意群二</h4><p><strong>that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it</strong></p><p><strong>这些模式</strong>不受语言谱系或谱系内部演变路径的影响</p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li><p>be independent of 独立于;不受…的影响</p></li><li><p>pathway n. 路径;途径</p></li><li><p>track v. 追踪;跟踪</p></li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>family tree 其实是家谱;族谱,这里理解为语言谱系</p></li><li><p>the pathway tracked through it</p></li></ul><blockquote><p>though有穿过的感觉,tracked为定语需要前置</p><p>直译:在语系谱系内追踪的路径</p><p>调整:贯穿谱系的路径/谱系内部的演变路径</p></blockquote><ul><li>定语从句,这里用后置译法,重复先行词</li></ul><h4 id="意群三-3"><a href="#意群三-3" class="headerlink" title="意群三"></a>意群三</h4><p><strong>whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations</strong></p><p>而格林伯格的普遍性<strong>理论</strong>预测了在特定类型的词序关系间<strong>存在</strong>很强的互依<strong>性</strong></p><blockquote><p>生难词:</p><ul><li><p>whereas conj. 然而(用以比较或对比两个事实)</p></li><li><p>-ian 后缀:构成名词和形容词</p><ul><li>Brazilian 巴西人</li><li>shakespearian 莎士比亚的</li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>翻译要点</strong>:</p><ol><li>universality 普遍性<strong>理论</strong>;co-dependencies 相互依赖<strong>性</strong></li></ol><blockquote><p>增加范畴词</p><ul><li>范畴词是汉语特有的表达习惯,没有实际意义,只是用来归类或概括某一个属性、状态或行为,使抽象概念具像化</li><li>英文原文没有对应词,但是中文需要补充才能符合表达习惯</li><li>常见范畴词:<strong>水平</strong>、<strong>方式</strong>、<strong>方法</strong>、<strong>情况</strong>、<strong>问题</strong>、<strong>方面</strong></li><li>例如:Unemployment is worsening. 失业<strong>情况</strong>正在恶化</li></ul></blockquote><ol start="2"><li>of 结构:particular <strong>types of</strong> … 特定类型的</li></ol><blockquote><p>type of 是一个固定搭配,类型的</p></blockquote><ol start="3"><li>调整语序:between定语前置</li><li>增加动词:补充一个存在,不然单独说关系这个不符合中文表达</li></ol><h4 id="意群重组-2"><a href="#意群重组-2" class="headerlink" title="意群重组"></a>意群重组</h4><p><u>Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change</u> that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it,whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations.</p><p>乔姆斯基的语法应该表明语言变化的模式,<strong>这些模式</strong>不受语言谱系或谱系内部演变路径的影响;而格林伯格的普遍性<strong>理论</strong>预测了在特定类型的词序关系间<strong>存在</strong>很强的互依<strong>性</strong></p><hr><h2 id="2-原文"><a href="#2-原文" class="headerlink" title="2. 原文"></a>2. 原文</h2><blockquote><p>从中国教育在线上扒的文章,原文中错误特别多,注意鉴别</p></blockquote><p>Since the days of Aristotle, a search for universal principles has characterized the scientific enterprise. In some ways, this quest for commonalities defines science. Newton’s laws of motion and Darwinian evolution each bind a host of different phenomena into a single explicatory frame work.<a href="%E5%8D%95%E4%B8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8A%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6">^1</a></p><p><strong>In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything—a single generative equation for all we see</strong>.It is becoming less clear, however, that such a theory would be a simplification, given the dimensions and universes that it might entail, nonetheless, unification of sorts remains a major goal.</p><p>This tendency in the natural sciences has long been evident in the social sciences too. <strong>Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification for if all humans share common origins it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings.</strong> Just as the bewildering variety of human courtship rituals might all be considered forms of sexual selection, perhaps the world’s languages, music, social and religious customs and even history are governed by universal features. <strong>To filter out what is unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behavior arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms</strong>.</p><p>That, at least, is the hope. But a comparative study of linguistic traits published online today supplies a reality check. Russell Gray at the University of Auckland and his colleagues consider the evolution of grammars in the light of two previous attempts to find universality in language.</p><p>The most famous of these efforts was initiated by Noam Chomsky, who suggested that humans are born with an innate language-acquisition capacity that dictates a universal grammar. A few generative rules are then sufficient to unfold the entire fundamental structure of a language, which is why children can learn it so quickly.</p><p><strong>The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many language which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints</strong></p><p>Gray and his colleagues have put them to the test by examining four family trees that between them represent more than 2,000 languages.<strong>Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it,whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations</strong>. Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis, suggesting that the structures of the languages are lire age-specific and not governed by universals</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><blockquote>
<p>原文在文章最后</p>
<p>知识点的整理来源于<a href="https://b23.tv/NJG2bbI">大道至简Loru</a>,整理不易麻烦大家支持一下Loru老师,只需要十块钱就能获得翻译和完形的整理,付费途径在这👉<a href=</summary>
<category term="英一翻译" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E8%8B%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91/"/>
<category term="考研英语" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E8%80%83%E7%A0%94%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>电视摄像构图</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%91%84%E5%83%8F%E6%9E%84%E5%9B%BE/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%91%84%E5%83%8F%E6%9E%84%E5%9B%BE/</id>
<published>2025-09-07T01:50:57.840Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-09T11:28:16.645Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="机位安排要求"><a href="#机位安排要求" class="headerlink" title="机位安排要求"></a>机位安排要求</h2><ul><li>场景全覆盖</li><li>符合轴线原则</li><li>机位间的组接流畅</li><li>不干扰现场活动秩序</li></ul>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="机位安排要求"><a href="#机位安排要求" class="headerlink" title="机位安排要求"></a>机位安排要求</h2><ul>
<li>场景全覆盖</li>
<li>符合轴线原则</li>
<li>机位间的组接流畅</li>
<li</summary>
<category term="笔记" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<category term="电视摄像" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%91%84%E5%83%8F/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>电视摄像构图(二)</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%91%84%E5%83%8F%E6%9E%84%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E4%BA%8C%EF%BC%89/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%91%84%E5%83%8F%E6%9E%84%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E4%BA%8C%EF%BC%89/</id>
<published>2025-09-07T01:50:57.840Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:19.770Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="如何处理多人对话当中的轴线问题?"><a href="#如何处理多人对话当中的轴线问题?" class="headerlink" title="如何处理多人对话当中的轴线问题?"></a>如何处理多人对话当中的轴线问题?</h2><p>在一个多人对话场景当中,如果你拍摄的轴线乱了,那么画面看起来就可能十分跳跃,观众就会觉得突兀,看着不舒服。<br>把<strong>轴线问题</strong>解决了,只要你动作是连贯的,怎么接都没有问题。 </p><h3 id="一-什么是轴线"><a href="#一-什么是轴线" class="headerlink" title="(一) 什么是轴线"></a>(一) 什么是轴线</h3><blockquote><p>简单的说就是在拍摄两个及以上的人物时,人物之间会形成一条<strong>假想的线</strong>,这条线就是轴线。 </p></blockquote><p>只要摄像机在轴线的<strong>同侧</strong>设置机位,观众就不会对画面当中人物的位置关系感到错乱。 </p><p>先拿双人场景来解释一下轴线。 </p><p><img src="/picture/axis/line1.jpg" alt="理解轴线" title="理解轴线"> </p><p>这是最常见的双人对话场景,连接两个人视线的这条线就是轴线。 </p><p>只要摄像机都放在轴线的一侧,那么镜头衔接就不会有跳跃感。</p><p><img src="/picture/axis/line2.jpg" alt="中景+正反打镜头" title="中景+正反打镜头"> </p><blockquote><p>上图是影视剧最常用的<strong>中景+正反打</strong>的镜头,你会发现这三个镜头无论怎么接都是流畅的。 </p></blockquote><p>因为在轴线的<strong>同一侧</strong>拍摄,左边的女人视线方向是看向画面右边的,而右边的男人是看向画面左边的,两人的视线正好是相对的。 </p><h3 id="(二)越轴会怎样"><a href="#(二)越轴会怎样" class="headerlink" title="(二)越轴会怎样"></a>(二)越轴会怎样</h3><p>如果一个镜头在轴线的一侧拍,另一个镜头在轴线另一侧会出什么问题呢? </p><p><img src="/picture/axis/line3.jpg" alt="越轴" title="越轴"> </p><blockquote><p>仅仅跨越了轴线就会让观众迷惑,明明相对的两个人却好像看的是同一个方向。 </p></blockquote><p>所以简单来说,只要在拍摄的时候,保证所有的镜头都是在<strong>轴线的同一侧拍摄</strong>的,那么画面就不会出现跳跃感,观众就能清晰的感知到角色的位置关系。 </p><h3 id="(三)轴线的一侧可以设置哪些机位"><a href="#(三)轴线的一侧可以设置哪些机位" class="headerlink" title="(三)轴线的一侧可以设置哪些机位"></a>(三)轴线的一侧可以设置哪些机位</h3><p><img src="/picture/axis/line4.jpg" alt="正反打" title="正反打"> </p><blockquote><p>上图就是一般拍摄中常说的双人中景(Cam1),内正反打(Cam2、Cam3),外正反打(Cam4、Cam5) </p></blockquote><p>内正反打和外正反打的区别就是:<br>内正反打只会拍单个的人物<br>而外正反打则会带上另外一个人物的肩或者身体的一部分,也就是拍摄时常说的带关系镜头。 </p><p>弄明白了轴线,拍摄关系镜头的时候,挂哪边的肩就很清楚了。 </p><p>另外多提一句,当想要着重体现人物之间的关系的时候,无论是位置关系还是心理关系,更倾向于使用关系镜头即<strong>外正反打</strong>;当想要着重体现人物的状态的时候,更倾向于<strong>内正反打</strong>。 </p><h3 id="(四)骑轴拍摄"><a href="#(四)骑轴拍摄" class="headerlink" title="(四)骑轴拍摄"></a>(四)骑轴拍摄</h3><p>除了在轴线一侧拍摄之外,拍摄时还可以像下图一样把机位定在两个人物之间,正对着人物拍摄,一般称为<strong>骑轴镜头</strong>。 </p><p><img src="/picture/axis/line5.jpg" alt="骑轴" title="骑轴"> </p><blockquote><p>这种情况下,摄像机虽然放在了轴线上,但仍然没有越轴,和中景一起剪辑的时候,仍然是顺畅的。 </p></blockquote><p>骑轴拍摄的情况下,人物更有争锋相对的意味,是戏剧<strong>矛盾达到高潮</strong>的时候常用的手法。 </p><p>有些情况下,骑轴镜头也会作为越轴前的<strong>过渡镜头</strong>。 </p><p><img src="/picture/axis/line6.jpg" alt="越轴" title="越轴"> </p><blockquote><p>在上图当中中景镜头从轴线一侧跨越到另外一侧,就是利用骑轴镜头作为过渡。使衔接更流畅。 </p></blockquote><p>轴线是拍摄当中构建出的一个规则,遵守这个规则会让拍摄更容易。但这并不意味着这个规则不能被打破。电影当中一些规则被打破时往往让画面和故事更具有张力。 </p><p>所以有一些合理的越轴的方法,比如:骑轴过渡,特写过渡,全景过渡,摄影机运动越过轴线等等。我就不一一举例了。有兴趣的可以看看**《十二公民》**,里面用到了很多越轴技巧。 </p><h3 id="(五)多人对话"><a href="#(五)多人对话" class="headerlink" title="(五)多人对话"></a>(五)多人对话</h3><p>双人对话的轴线关系是多人对话的基础。<strong>在多人对话场景当中,我们通常会把人群进行分组,把一组人当做一个人来做关系轴线</strong>。 </p><p>人越多的时候,越需要给关键的人物近景和特写。 </p><p>以《十二公民》来举例的话就是: </p><p><img src="/picture/axis/line7.jpg" alt="十二公民" title="十二公民1"> </p><center><h6>这组人可以看做是一个</h6></center> <p><img src="/picture/axis/line8.jpg" alt="十二公民" title="十二公民2"> </p><p><img src="/picture/axis/line9.jpg" alt="十二公民" title="十二公民3"> </p><center><h6>这个镜头可以看做是双人全景</h6></center> <p><img src="/picture/axis/line10.jpg" alt="十二公民" title="十二公民4"> </p><center><h6>镜头越轴</h6></center> <p><img src="/picture/axis/line11.jpg" alt="越轴" title="越轴"> </p><blockquote><p>上图可以看到除了最后一个镜头,前面三个镜头都是在轴线一侧拍摄的,只不过人一多,让人有点模糊轴线的位置。 </p></blockquote><p>我们把它简化一下,一组人变成一个人,就会发现其实不过就是内正反打,外正反打加一个越轴。 </p><p><img src="/picture/axis/line12.jpg" alt="越轴" title="越轴"> </p><p>那么为什么这个地方越轴不会觉得跳跃呢? </p><ul><li>第一是上下两个镜头都是全景,让人很清楚左右人的位置关系 </li><li>第二,有一个人是站着的,他就相当于一个参考点,当镜头发生变化时,观众可以通过他的位置得知其他人的位置。如果所有人都是坐下的,这个镜头就没有那么顺畅了。</li></ul><p>其他的多人对话关系,都可以根据以上进行推导,就不再多说了。 </p><h2 id="多人对话当中如何选择合适的景别"><a href="#多人对话当中如何选择合适的景别" class="headerlink" title="多人对话当中如何选择合适的景别?"></a>多人对话当中如何选择合适的景别?</h2><p>至于这个问题,简单的说就是: </p><ul><li>全景:主要负责渲染环境气氛,交代人物位置关系,展现人物动作 </li><li>中景:主要负责交代人物之间的关系,展现人物的肢体动作 </li><li>近景:主要负责展现人物的情绪,反应 </li><li>特写:主要负责重点凸显关键的人物或道具细节(因为是重点,所以不要随便给特写)</li></ul><p>文章来源:<a href="https://www.zhihu.com/question/301382157">轴线及景别问题</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="如何处理多人对话当中的轴线问题?"><a href="#如何处理多人对话当中的轴线问题?" class="headerlink" title="如何处理多人对话当中的轴线问题?"></a>如何处理多人对话当中的轴线问题?</h2><p>在一个多人对话场景当中,如果</summary>
<category term="笔记" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<category term="电视摄像" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%91%84%E5%83%8F/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>为什么白色字体加粗并不明显</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E7%99%BD%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%97%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%A0%E7%B2%97%E5%B9%B6%E4%B8%8D%E6%98%8E%E6%98%BE/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E7%99%BD%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%97%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%A0%E7%B2%97%E5%B9%B6%E4%B8%8D%E6%98%8E%E6%98%BE/</id>
<published>2025-09-07T01:50:57.830Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:23.155Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><strong>比</strong>如这个 </p><p>比<strong>如</strong>这个 </p><p>比如<strong>这</strong>个 </p><p>比如这<strong>个</strong> </p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p><strong>比</strong>如这个 </p>
<p>比<strong>如</strong>这个 </p>
<p>比如<strong>这</strong>个 </p>
<p>比如这<strong>个</strong> </p>
</summary>
<category term="小问题" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E5%B0%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98/"/>
<category term="随手" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E9%9A%8F%E6%89%8B/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>光线及电视照明</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E5%85%89%E7%BA%BF%E5%8F%8A%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E7%85%A7%E6%98%8E/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E5%85%89%E7%BA%BF%E5%8F%8A%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E7%85%A7%E6%98%8E/</id>
<published>2025-09-07T01:50:57.830Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:20.909Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="光的方向"><a href="#光的方向" class="headerlink" title="光的方向"></a>光的方向</h2><ul><li><p>顺光<br>0°-30° </p></li><li><p>顺侧光<br>30°-60°<br>具有一定的灰度层次 </p></li><li><p>正侧光<br>90°<br>阴阳脸,暗面中细节全部丢失 </p></li><li><p>逆光|后侧光<br>为主体打上轮廓光<br>在拍摄上优先开A档,尽量提升主体曝光,但要避免轮廓区产生大面积光斑(提高光圈所带来的) </p></li><li><p>顶光<br>正午即顶光,此时户外拍摄多用全景或中景,避免拍近景(光线难看)<br>也可以用作轮廓光,稍微加一点,前侧光把面部阴影处打亮即可</p></li></ul><h2 id="色彩"><a href="#色彩" class="headerlink" title="色彩"></a>色彩</h2><ul><li>白平衡校正<br>将物体颜色还原于人眼所观察到的颜色<br>在色彩繁多的舞台环境下,白平衡开手动,这样颜色不会不时改动</li></ul><iframe src="//player.bilibili.com/player.html?aid=802998410&bvid=BV1ry4y1p7u6&cid=335625363&p=1" scrolling="no" border="0" frameborder="no" framespacing="0" allowfullscreen="true"> </iframe>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="光的方向"><a href="#光的方向" class="headerlink" title="光的方向"></a>光的方向</h2><ul>
<li><p>顺光<br>0°-30° </p>
</li>
<li><p>顺侧光<br>30°-60°<br>具有一</summary>
<category term="笔记" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<category term="电视摄像" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%91%84%E5%83%8F/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>手记</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E6%89%8B%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E6%89%8B%E8%AE%B0/</id>
<published>2025-09-07T01:50:57.830Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:21.516Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="一些事情"><a href="#一些事情" class="headerlink" title="一些事情"></a>一些事情</h2><h3 id="有时候就很神奇,脑子里想的总会被误以为现实。回顾时如大梦初醒般,发现全是虚幻。"><a href="#有时候就很神奇,脑子里想的总会被误以为现实。回顾时如大梦初醒般,发现全是虚幻。" class="headerlink" title="有时候就很神奇,脑子里想的总会被误以为现实。回顾时如大梦初醒般,发现全是虚幻。"></a>有时候就很神奇,脑子里想的总会被误以为现实。回顾时如大梦初醒般,发现全是虚幻。</h3>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="一些事情"><a href="#一些事情" class="headerlink" title="一些事情"></a>一些事情</h2><h3 id="有时候就很神奇,脑子里想的总会被误以为现实。回顾时如大梦初醒般,发现全是虚幻。"><a href="#有时候就很神</summary>
<category term="关于我自己的一些事" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E6%88%91%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E4%BA%9B%E4%BA%8B/"/>
<category term="随手" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E9%9A%8F%E6%89%8B/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>推几个神专,里面真的每首都特别好听</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E6%8E%A8%E5%87%A0%E4%B8%AA%E7%A5%9E%E4%B8%93%EF%BC%8C%E9%87%8C%E9%9D%A2%E7%9C%9F%E7%9A%84%E6%AF%8F%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%A5%BD%E5%90%AC/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E6%8E%A8%E5%87%A0%E4%B8%AA%E7%A5%9E%E4%B8%93%EF%BC%8C%E9%87%8C%E9%9D%A2%E7%9C%9F%E7%9A%84%E6%AF%8F%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%A5%BD%E5%90%AC/</id>
<published>2025-09-07T01:50:57.830Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:22.335Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="真的特别推荐"><a href="#真的特别推荐" class="headerlink" title="真的特别推荐"></a>真的特别推荐</h2><iframe style="border-radius:12px" src="https://open.spotify.com/embed/album/1NAmidJlEaVgA3MpcPFYGq?utm_source=generator" width="100%" height="352" frameBorder="0" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture" loading="lazy"></iframe><iframe style="border-radius:12px" src="https://open.spotify.com/embed/album/0SrskI3mHcu5MzKeZNv2f6?utm_source=generator" width="100%" height="352" frameBorder="0" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture" loading="lazy"></iframe><iframe style="border-radius:12px" src="https://open.spotify.com/embed/album/5jLKEM5telmUL5GRJ56iV3?utm_source=generator" width="100%" height="352" frameBorder="0" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture" loading="lazy"></iframe><p>人生中第一次买实体专辑就是买的lover,当时只觉得这个封面真的特别好看,然后就买了(就是这么草率)。听了之后发现真的神作。</p><p>第二张是onerepublic的human,这张专我感觉是外语专辑里数一数二的了,每一首都是onerepublic的巅峰,这么说来可能他们的创作没有巅峰,其实是平顶山XD。里面我特别喜欢的分别是secret和somebody to love,可以听听。</p><p>第三张是连续三年霸居我网易云年度歌手的“那个乐队”发的专辑。感觉房东的猫写歌特别用心,每一首都很想写好,虽然说有些地方还是不够成熟,但是也能看到她们的努力在里面!</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="真的特别推荐"><a href="#真的特别推荐" class="headerlink" title="真的特别推荐"></a>真的特别推荐</h2><iframe style="border-radius:12px" src="https://open.spot</summary>
<category term="推歌" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E6%8E%A8%E6%AD%8C/"/>
<category term="音乐" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>文本切分与关键词选择</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC%E5%88%87%E5%88%86%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E8%AF%8D%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/09/07/%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC%E5%88%87%E5%88%86%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E8%AF%8D%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9/</id>
<published>2025-09-07T01:50:57.830Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:23.903Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>切分前,需要做的:文本数据采集 </p><p>通过爬虫可以爬取一些数据,但部分网站有反爬虫机制,可以使用网站开放的软件接口对接方式进行数据汇集 </p><p>通过底层数据交换进行仿真数据采集,但是只有http协议的未经交换数据加密的网站可以如此,现在网站大多为https协议,从而使网络节点上的监听接口失效 </p><p>二代爬虫:模拟浏览器采集信息 </p><p>使用beautiful soup 采集网页内容 </p><p>语料库:<br>- 国家语委现代汉语语料库<br>- anc</p><p>词库:<br>- <a href="http://thuocl.thunlp.org/">http://thuocl.thunlp.org/</a><br>- </p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p>切分前,需要做的:文本数据采集 </p>
<p>通过爬虫可以爬取一些数据,但部分网站有反爬虫机制,可以使用网站开放的软件接口对接方式进行数据汇集 </p>
<p>通过底层数据交换进行仿真数据采集,但是只有http协议的未经交换数据加密的网站可以如此,现在网站大多为htt</summary>
<category term="笔记" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<category term="计算传播" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>读「对空言说」</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/08/21/%E8%AF%BB%E5%AF%B9%E7%A9%BA%E8%A8%80%E8%AF%B4/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/08/21/%E8%AF%BB%E5%AF%B9%E7%A9%BA%E8%A8%80%E8%AF%B4/</id>
<published>2025-08-20T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-09T06:08:14.892Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>看到彼得斯说的不可交流性,与对“唯我论”和“传心术”的分析以及二词所反映的一种个人本位的文化。不由得想到,无论是无法逾越或是一捅便穿,在个人本位的文化中,环绕着个体心灵竖起的围墙是问题所在。</p><p>反映至日常生活,这堵高墙便体现为交流日益成为了形式交流而非内容交流。</p><p>互联网的发展,让传播变得更加快速便捷,貌似人和人之间的联系变得紧密了。但是在这样一种个人本位的文化中,紧密似乎变成了一种坏处。紧密使得个人的私域遭到侵犯,紧密便为人下意识地抵抗。于是,展现在我们面前的便是,形式上的交流日益昌盛,而内容上的交流日渐枯竭。</p><p>朋友之间轻点转发功能,再编码的繁琐过程被省略,内容所引起的我的思似乎可以不加改变地传递至你的思(朋友一词暗含了二者具有共通的语义空间)。现实是对方早已预制了应对术,在反馈时只需根据不同形式的刺激来作出不同形式的反应。此时的交流似乎快速且互通,实则沦为了交流的表演。</p><p>与此同时,形式与内容的割裂使人们开始愈发使用刺激性更强的符号,来粉饰内容交流江河日下的现状。从情感态度没有那么强烈的“呵呵”“晕”“T_T”到“呵呵哒”,从简短的“哈哈”到“哈哈哈哈哈哈”,而重复使用的拟声词随后也变得无力,于是就有了基于现实图像的表情包和gif。后来甚至因现实图像的特征不够突出,表情包的图像内容又转向为抽象的勾勒而服务于单一情感,变得浓烈而刺激。情感符号在过度使用后逐渐失效,只能通过更强烈的形式手段来维持交流的表象,这不正暗含了符号表征与实际交流内容之间的失衡吗?</p><p>符号的刺激性与日俱增,形式交流大行其道,当中枢神经因此感官过载而自我麻痹之时,在这种倒错的逻辑走向死路的那一刻,人们就如同福柯笔下将理性发挥至极致而推向谬误的精神病人一样,恍然大悟原来自己离真正的交流已相去甚远。</p><p>这种不可交流性不正是“传播即传递”乃至“传播即控制”的话语推演至极致的必然结果吗?如果传并不为传通(必须理解我)而是为传达(知晓我所说);如果传播是基于交往理性,而非工具理性,这堵高墙或许能够削低一点。</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p>看到彼得斯说的不可交流性,与对“唯我论”和“传心术”的分析以及二词所反映的一种个人本位的文化。不由得想到,无论是无法逾越或是一捅便穿,在个人本位的文化中,环绕着个体心灵竖起的围墙是问题所在。</p>
<p>反映至日常生活,这堵高墙便体现为交流日益成为了形式交流而非内容交流。</summary>
<category term="随笔" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E9%9A%8F%E7%AC%94/"/>
<category term="随手" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E9%9A%8F%E6%89%8B/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>走在路上</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2025/01/20/%E8%B5%B0%E5%9C%A8%E8%B7%AF%E4%B8%8A/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2025/01/20/%E8%B5%B0%E5%9C%A8%E8%B7%AF%E4%B8%8A/</id>
<published>2025-01-19T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-09T06:06:27.003Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>我走在路上。 </p><p>路是白色的。</p><p>白色并非无暇,棋盘般的黑线附着其上。白块上分布着些简约风格的桌椅,有的旁边还插着一把大遮阳伞。</p><p>我看不到它们,正如我看不见地上的一块块小白陶砖。</p><p>“原来地面是一块块小瓷砖!”我感到惊叹。</p><p>可是惊叹须臾间化为恐惧,我不能看见它们!我看得专注,甚至显得木讷。时间在流逝,我看得越久,它们越是清晰,它们的狰狞面孔越是显露。丑陋至极的缝隙蜿蜒在砖石表面,沙尘寄居其中,蚁虫满身石砾,来回扭动。圣洁的白似乎也在失色,纯黑的车辙印,土色的脚印,<strong>甚至原有的白色也在渐渐褪色</strong>……</p><p>越渴望看见它们,看到的却越非它们。那么索性闭上眼睛吧。</p><p>狰狞面孔瞬间瓦解,裂痕愈合,蚁虫重归于昏暗。于是,路的形象也随之消解了。但它仍残存于世间,我虽然看不见它,但是它分明在向我大声疾呼,展示化作为步伐间感受到的阵阵压力。此时,为外在所规定的路的形象,如碎鳞般剥离,路回归了它的本质,作为纯粹功能的本质。</p><p><strong>路又重新回来了</strong>。</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p>我走在路上。 </p>
<p>路是白色的。</p>
<p>白色并非无暇,棋盘般的黑线附着其上。白块上分布着些简约风格的桌椅,有的旁边还插着一把大遮阳伞。</p>
<p>我看不到它们,正如我看不见地上的一块块小白陶砖。</p>
<p>“原来地面是一块块小瓷砖!”我感到惊叹。<</summary>
<category term="随笔" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E9%9A%8F%E7%AC%94/"/>
<category term="随手" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E9%9A%8F%E6%89%8B/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>开篇</title>
<link href="https://flwty.cn/2024/05/02/myfirstblog/"/>
<id>https://flwty.cn/2024/05/02/myfirstblog/</id>
<published>2024-05-02T09:01:42.000Z</published>
<updated>2025-12-08T15:55:31.047Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="随便聊聊"><a href="#随便聊聊" class="headerlink" title="随便聊聊"></a>随便聊聊</h2><p>至于为什么要做这个博客呢,还是因为冰岛甲鱼的推荐。</p><p>之前开过一个公众号,但是感觉没有什么内容做。新鲜期过后,就再也没打开过了。</p><p>平时自己有些小想法,在qq空间或者朋友圈里发,可能会显得比较发癫,所以说,最好的途径可能还是博客??hhh有意思的。</p><p>接下来的话,我的博客应该会做我的一些小分享和观点,当然也会推一些比较有意思的照片或者音乐什么的,敬请期待喔~</p><iframe style="border-radius:12px" src="https://open.spotify.com/embed/track/0hEFpdoj2feFvKNs13MSwa?utm_source=generator" width="100%" height="352" frameBorder="0" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture" loading="lazy"></iframe>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="随便聊聊"><a href="#随便聊聊" class="headerlink" title="随便聊聊"></a>随便聊聊</h2><p>至于为什么要做这个博客呢,还是因为冰岛甲鱼的推荐。</p>
<p>之前开过一个公众号,但是感觉没有什么内容做。新鲜期过后,就</summary>
<category term="关于我自己的一些事" scheme="https://flwty.cn/categories/%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E6%88%91%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E4%BA%9B%E4%BA%8B/"/>
<category term="关于我" scheme="https://flwty.cn/tags/%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E6%88%91/"/>
</entry>
</feed>