diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index b469be05..45bf9986 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -176,5 +176,5 @@ enable_error_code = ["ignore-without-code", "redundant-expr", "truthy-bool"]
 warn_unreachable = true
 
 [tool.codespell]
-ignore-words-list = "nd,formate"
+ignore-words-list = "nd,formate,Te,CaCl,CaF,ore"
 skip = "tests/test_files/*,src/pyEQL/database/*"
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/CRL.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/CRL.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..23ee3e7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/CRL.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.3413111912251 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.009220856917295671 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.006960782687449731 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.005183475903677818 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 0.0028509593049244344 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.002477489838420184 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.0014641031681440298 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.0004707222070196803 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 0.0002772887455494403 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 0.00014395937212476883 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 1.4284744940900072e-06 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 8.974445353885081e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 2.9527954359390394e-07 mol
+  MgCl[+1]: 2.7992935523443197e-07 mol
+  H[+1]: 4.6014818801884146e-08 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 2.039655311612738e-08 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 2.0047027917244404e-08 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 4.865912258597322e-09 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 1.6551340636119484e-09 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 1.787354486638654e-10 mol
+  HCl(aq): 1.0628097180537505e-11 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 5.803036838665294e-15 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 6.292080271726805e-19 mol
+  S[-1]: 4.1013951448760074e-21 mol
+  HS[-1]: 4.896889323704642e-22 mol
+  H2S(aq): 1.6274931189691769e-22 mol
+  O2(aq): 4.013005212419128e-23 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 5.001949770207303e-24 mol
+  S[-2]: 2.5293688318055235e-27 mol
+  HClO(aq): 8.672257566993257e-30 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 7.151835269280389e-30 mol
+  H2(aq): 1.2323010949715256e-35 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0002597882473172 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.337215093757507
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '-1.8314168635873267e-06'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/FGD.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/FGD.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ddd08898
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/FGD.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.29741634072326 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.14772348516542522 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.04897506934289011 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.019051405304940577 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.014492943178337388 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.004576601764670722 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.0036107533639176633 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 0.002191253510394717 mol
+  SiO2(aq): 0.0021764781255748703 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 0.0016867119208753185 mol
+  Br[-1]: 0.0013761504051678522 mol
+  Fe[+2]: 0.0012733341119609838 mol
+  K[+1]: 0.001026240501876756 mol
+  MgCl[+1]: 0.0007849683548646429 mol
+  NH4[+1]: 0.0006448029218551746 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 0.0005061382170066347 mol
+  F[-1]: 0.00033656312486873277 mol
+  AlF3(aq): 0.0003197960701963 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 0.00018708275225706137 mol
+  AlF2[+1]: 0.00014871019063854507 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 8.577231282630246e-05 mol
+  Al13(H6O7)4[+7]: 6.623092510521194e-05 mol
+  FeSO4(aq): 5.653210169990271e-05 mol
+  MgF[+1]: 5.643597635040424e-05 mol
+  HCO3[-1]: 4.773208548985723e-05 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 4.3724056291167904e-05 mol
+  FeCl[+1]: 4.13662818574569e-05 mol
+  CaF[+1]: 2.8231056078268464e-05 mol
+  AlF4[-1]: 2.664018251002948e-05 mol
+  CO2(aq): 2.1340009940438784e-05 mol
+  FeHCO3[+1]: 1.0013113829406683e-05 mol
+  CaHCO3[+1]: 9.508598135029378e-06 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 7.135038167005352e-06 mol
+  AlF[+2]: 4.2614583195594745e-06 mol
+  MgHCO3[+1]: 3.923919947106836e-06 mol
+  FeF[+1]: 3.02530157448494e-06 mol
+  KCl(aq): 2.4339548757550877e-06 mol
+  AlO2[-1]: 1.3086292949045965e-06 mol
+  SiHO3[-1]: 1.2156703979454827e-06 mol
+  NH3(aq): 8.821843459084498e-07 mol
+  AlHO2(aq): 7.777979790656058e-07 mol
+  FeOH[+1]: 6.157649538980501e-07 mol
+  NaHCO3(aq): 5.116025932710619e-07 mol
+  NaBr(aq): 4.634216831234731e-07 mol
+  NaSiHO3(aq): 4.2918559750957265e-07 mol
+  H[+1]: 3.5001483573248245e-07 mol
+  NaF(aq): 2.6479382804231e-07 mol
+  Al(OH)2[+1]: 2.112645448989313e-07 mol
+  CaCO3(aq): 2.0871175715620875e-07 mol
+  FeCO3(aq): 1.2157678218725967e-07 mol
+  HF(aq): 1.0326388374091275e-07 mol
+  AlOH[+2]: 7.039443714500741e-08 mol
+  OH[-1]: 4.7813802977281717e-08 mol
+  MgCO3(aq): 4.011009162539112e-08 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 3.5631334499712034e-08 mol
+  CO3[-2]: 2.0268141028771987e-08 mol
+  FeCl2(aq): 1.6303163590855746e-08 mol
+  KBr(aq): 1.2845108205501734e-08 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 1.156747375060085e-08 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 8.97925367326431e-09 mol
+  HCl(aq): 6.4960563015047495e-09 mol
+  Al[+3]: 3.9192049373041484e-09 mol
+  FeCl4[-2]: 1.996483769142777e-09 mol
+  NaAlO2(aq): 1.870623980570298e-09 mol
+  AlSO4[+1]: 6.044143910123759e-10 mol
+  NaCO3[-1]: 2.726842261043129e-10 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 6.067764471342742e-11 mol
+  Al(SO4)2[-1]: 4.2026703653773997e-11 mol
+  Si2H7O8[-1]: 2.524139290254248e-11 mol
+  Fe(OH)2(aq): 1.2319516225798756e-11 mol
+  KOH(aq): 8.618409896058242e-12 mol
+  HF2[-1]: 8.29563341650619e-12 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 1.2817311917465832e-12 mol
+  Si(HO2)2[-2]: 1.189336635525554e-12 mol
+  Al3(OH)4[+5]: 3.454254900590809e-13 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 1.0697345448128634e-14 mol
+  NH4SO4[-1]: 2.7206231371778918e-15 mol
+  Fe(OH)3[-1]: 2.3983028370368272e-15 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 6.844499947849398e-18 mol
+  SiH3O4[-1]: 1.1178675886605747e-18 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 9.292687090643468e-21 mol
+  H2S(aq): 8.316684641417823e-21 mol
+  S[-1]: 7.552609520671581e-21 mol
+  HS[-1]: 4.070850352139155e-21 mol
+  Fe(OH)4[-2]: 2.4442416712216508e-23 mol
+  SiF6[-2]: 2.5491438370495748e-24 mol
+  HBrO(aq): 9.750570906640041e-26 mol
+  O2(aq): 1.4532862040923208e-26 mol
+  Br(aq): 4.392531322733509e-27 mol
+  S[-2]: 4.2663795716591286e-27 mol
+  BrO[-1]: 1.955884554556036e-27 mol
+  Br[-0.33333333]: 1.53445573131932e-28 mol
+  HClO(aq): 1.0335625943532725e-28 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 1.3688313892832404e-29 mol
+  H2(aq): 5.996501688251486e-34 mol
+  BrO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  BrO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0001910451183393 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 6.455996509165354
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '1.76828392513414e-06'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/ash.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/ash.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3db8d3fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/ash.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.34487330779744 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.0015155273877217235 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.0011142329314078746 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.0007981143832721763 mol
+  K[+1]: 0.00027132657880003493 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.00022555038085755676 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.00019378363053126172 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.00018152138475916734 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 0.00011054495665121059 mol
+  HCO3[-1]: 8.254798773639e-05 mol
+  SiO2(aq): 4.576425272315044e-05 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 4.0564838942292975e-05 mol
+  AlO2[-1]: 2.9424087492257574e-05 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 7.913443149856666e-06 mol
+  CO2(aq): 7.728515157558072e-06 mol
+  AlHO2(aq): 3.4723689376137138e-06 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 2.349110981383602e-06 mol
+  Al13(H6O7)4[+7]: 1.1661941967064603e-06 mol
+  NH4[+1]: 8.507670189827694e-07 mol
+  CaHCO3[+1]: 6.90696667118046e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 2.3786238421743183e-07 mol
+  Sb(OH)3(aq): 2.043022161707027e-07 mol
+  MgHCO3[+1]: 1.3587937442597668e-07 mol
+  SiHO3[-1]: 1.2929518898569548e-07 mol
+  CaCO3(aq): 1.2478381287459862e-07 mol
+  Al(OH)2[+1]: 1.1458959926254156e-07 mol
+  NaHCO3(aq): 1.1106796597155437e-07 mol
+  CO3[-2]: 1.073793390355181e-07 mol
+  H[+1]: 4.743784457699398e-08 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 3.720941576129042e-08 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 3.368239910244926e-08 mol
+  MgCl[+1]: 2.4902822235264414e-08 mol
+  MgCO3(aq): 1.1432139733805898e-08 mol
+  NH3(aq): 1.0161313972396973e-08 mol
+  NaSiHO3(aq): 5.730224846527088e-09 mol
+  NaAlO2(aq): 5.27998711558773e-09 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 5.199518659014099e-09 mol
+  AlOH[+2]: 2.8095238650465126e-09 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 2.459689693134371e-09 mol
+  KCl(aq): 1.7275096881574544e-09 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 5.504290906068079e-10 mol
+  NaCO3[-1]: 2.981559018600958e-10 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 3.856166055561519e-11 mol
+  KOH(aq): 1.954533087296082e-11 mol
+  Al[+3]: 1.5738918217485588e-11 mol
+  AlSO4[+1]: 9.409147495763711e-12 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 7.527556633269017e-12 mol
+  Sb(OH)4[-1]: 5.838223012929693e-12 mol
+  HCl(aq): 2.043532588570215e-12 mol
+  Al(SO4)2[-1]: 7.851267478572113e-13 mol
+  Si(HO2)2[-2]: 3.6540406505957627e-13 mol
+  Sb(OH)2[+1]: 3.0383596710575275e-13 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 8.378704515287522e-14 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 1.0134763616960925e-15 mol
+  Si2H7O8[-1]: 7.378758244323358e-17 mol
+  Al3(OH)4[+5]: 1.343830861245274e-17 mol
+  SbH4NO2(aq): 5.48075258123455e-18 mol
+  NH4SO4[-1]: 4.568960528809583e-18 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 1.9831038804531862e-19 mol
+  S[-1]: 1.1058878843017968e-21 mol
+  HS[-1]: 3.147358595230974e-22 mol
+  H2S(aq): 1.2992075716565397e-22 mol
+  O2(aq): 2.670504893376526e-23 mol
+  SiH3O4[-1]: 5.395506165066063e-24 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 7.238327287543694e-26 mol
+  S[-2]: 1.0887051778125358e-27 mol
+  HClO(aq): 1.3536409875458793e-30 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 9.029089985791066e-31 mol
+  H2(aq): 1.533566292752759e-35 mol
+  SbH4S2N(aq): 0.0 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+  Sb2HS4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  SbS2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  SbCl4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0003195053028713 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.324013789366752
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '-2.2176477491373666e-09'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/batt_mfg.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/batt_mfg.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6dc2cd04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/batt_mfg.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.344339267805616 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.0009845401208435852 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.000799993942695568 mol
+  K[+1]: 0.0007993564246892206 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.00014583262631158542 mol
+  Fe[+2]: 0.00013490022962912382 mol
+  NH4[+1]: 8.769532410817561e-05 mol
+  Li[+1]: 8.467218762876687e-05 mol
+  AlO2[-1]: 8.453354296748776e-05 mol
+  FeSO4(aq): 1.1050107583813929e-05 mol
+  Zn[+2]: 7.465185398725038e-06 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 4.2320057940600054e-06 mol
+  Sb(OH)3(aq): 3.523648227054158e-06 mol
+  NH3(aq): 3.48595436365432e-06 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 3.4706396774515686e-06 mol
+  AlHO2(aq): 3.1526644198619353e-06 mol
+  FeOH[+1]: 2.6280643386976827e-06 mol
+  ZnSO4(aq): 8.107190782920215e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 7.522844899565892e-07 mol
+  ZnOH[+1]: 5.043587385254743e-07 mol
+  Cd[+2]: 4.857799585211741e-07 mol
+  Ni[+2]: 4.2939685860533485e-07 mol
+  LiSO4[-1]: 3.280686235961881e-07 mol
+  Mn[+2]: 3.2232183970535874e-07 mol
+  CuOH[+1]: 1.7295371515282105e-07 mol
+  Zn(OH)2(aq): 1.4943982198625404e-07 mol
+  Cu[+2]: 5.442602178285611e-08 mol
+  MnSO4(aq): 4.110276062791326e-08 mol
+  Al(OH)2[+1]: 3.131080623179656e-08 mol
+  NiSO4(aq): 3.0461446720363624e-08 mol
+  H[+1]: 1.4339842698172268e-08 mol
+  NaAlO2(aq): 1.1436746054617323e-08 mol
+  CuSO4(aq): 6.444072361580213e-09 mol
+  ZnH3N[+2]: 2.965023466149522e-09 mol
+  CdOH[+1]: 2.507213926453374e-09 mol
+  CuH3N[+2]: 2.0993948526656454e-09 mol
+  Fe(OH)2(aq): 1.4442368853365513e-09 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 9.558493506422383e-10 mol
+  CdH3N[+2]: 5.760439558391156e-10 mol
+  MnOH[+1]: 5.104027873259864e-10 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 4.52965951065818e-10 mol
+  Sb(OH)4[-1]: 3.186307173988737e-10 mol
+  CdSO4(aq): 2.537776968440352e-10 mol
+  AlOH[+2]: 2.202376230230879e-10 mol
+  KOH(aq): 1.9154400070267838e-10 mol
+  LiOH(aq): 1.3447585280685228e-10 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 9.199888775966678e-11 mol
+  Zn(OH)3[-1]: 3.6254227625553394e-11 mol
+  Al13(H6O7)4[+7]: 2.8812277263570644e-11 mol
+  Cu(H3N)2[+2]: 1.991999556092165e-11 mol
+  Ni(OH)2(aq): 1.8719084575123424e-11 mol
+  Cd(OH)2(aq): 9.420931170165826e-12 mol
+  Fe(OH)3[-1]: 4.50018894204164e-12 mol
+  Zn(H3N)2[+2]: 1.667000033964949e-12 mol
+  Sb(OH)2[+1]: 1.5770392771127656e-12 mol
+  Ni(H3N)2[+2]: 6.378199988823398e-13 mol
+  Cd(H3N)2[+2]: 4.640840797894049e-13 mol
+  Al[+3]: 3.4914831060568866e-13 mol
+  AlSO4[+1]: 1.4935818398109347e-13 mol
+  Mn(OH)2(aq): 8.667931624418889e-14 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 4.770296877515745e-14 mol
+  Cu(H3N)3[+2]: 4.6061372864945436e-14 mol
+  Mn2(OH)3[+1]: 3.444405632810838e-14 mol
+  SbH4NO2(aq): 3.242816500081671e-14 mol
+  Ni(OH)3[-1]: 1.4820980030612606e-14 mol
+  Cd2OH[+3]: 7.628892120668188e-15 mol
+  Al(SO4)2[-1]: 7.612930293535813e-15 mol
+  Zn(H3N)3[+2]: 9.372233120461268e-16 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 8.543091952986891e-16 mol
+  CuO2[-2]: 5.714064781944556e-16 mol
+  Zn(OH)4[-2]: 5.478156774558671e-16 mol
+  Ni2OH[+3]: 2.910335286468561e-16 mol
+  NH4SO4[-1]: 2.881507350468117e-16 mol
+  Mn2OH[+3]: 2.2636264793982093e-16 mol
+  Cd(OH)3[-1]: 8.369242397271368e-17 mol
+  Mn(OH)3[-1]: 6.363672081018791e-18 mol
+  Fe(OH)4[-2]: 3.988472002072737e-19 mol
+  Zn(H3N)4[+2]: 2.8051085525098887e-19 mol
+  Al3(OH)4[+5]: 1.585951750486549e-20 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 1.1521196595780842e-20 mol
+  O2(aq): 2.9548437750066727e-21 mol
+  Cd(H3N)4[+2]: 1.5019594788950425e-21 mol
+  S[-1]: 9.548822827898486e-22 mol
+  NiOH[+1]: 2.1187953909917172e-22 mol
+  HS[-1]: 9.24219150629741e-23 mol
+  Cd(OH)4[-2]: 6.685931858728753e-23 mol
+  H2S(aq): 1.2063131328651344e-23 mol
+  Mn(OH)4[-2]: 4.776211962762668e-24 mol
+  S[-2]: 9.66760396626136e-28 mol
+  Ni(H3N)6[+2]: 4.614519785355165e-31 mol
+  H2(aq): 1.459775363862023e-36 mol
+  SbH4S2N(aq): 0.0 mol
+  Sb2HS4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  SbS2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0003146819189999 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.8435922557859135
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '4.76333784323753e-10'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/batt_recycling.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/batt_recycling.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b6bf3594
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/batt_recycling.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.15893068799304 mol
+  Li[+1]: 0.3021582394473034 mol
+  F[-1]: 0.2772695086640332 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.15435161901569852 mol
+  S[-2]: 0.15433172755828015 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.007407440599526605 mol
+  Cu[+2]: 0.00047220335261542056 mol
+  H[+1]: 1.83491059088698e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 5.4498568211795465e-08 mol
+volume: 1 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 6.736385092627383
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '-0.5841259860674388'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/coal_washing.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/coal_washing.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..58d03555
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/coal_washing.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.348281798450806 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.008037980335136216 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.006004432646526791 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.0051756774761851036 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.0036116715040208493 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 0.003264379056214698 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.0012723253906820556 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 0.0011818155130020231 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.0006076351293522515 mol
+  K[+1]: 0.000367382447397867 mol
+  Pb[+2]: 0.0001023680487931834 mol
+  H[+1]: 8.489113309314798e-05 mol
+  Fe[+2]: 5.875905220670171e-05 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 3.382767154539976e-05 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 3.187146831578341e-05 mol
+  FeSO4(aq): 1.7856854536141795e-05 mol
+  MgCl[+1]: 1.2927551896032755e-05 mol
+  Mn[+2]: 1.2303091166395736e-05 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 1.1124445203042576e-05 mol
+  PbCl[+1]: 7.279417746752657e-06 mol
+  MnSO4(aq): 5.820655048402382e-06 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 2.3229008066254288e-06 mol
+  NH4[+1]: 1.984890998953093e-06 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 7.923022296528656e-07 mol
+  FeCl[+1]: 1.1118873478197047e-07 mol
+  PbCl2(aq): 9.816927042616674e-08 mol
+  HCl(aq): 7.028974598322404e-08 mol
+  MnCl[+1]: 6.804453552386214e-08 mol
+  KCl(aq): 4.3251060395610835e-08 mol
+  HPbO[+1]: 1.620388927555711e-08 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 9.680493591828455e-09 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 1.5700272665344214e-09 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 5.99796718523395e-10 mol
+  PbCl3[-1]: 2.528606889021564e-10 mol
+  OH[-1]: 1.579376922815482e-10 mol
+  FeOH[+1]: 1.5369621648965968e-10 mol
+  HPb2O[+3]: 6.657320903458589e-11 mol
+  NH3(aq): 1.2686120944438598e-11 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 4.929852938766992e-12 mol
+  MnOH[+1]: 2.6157885649994434e-12 mol
+  FeCl2(aq): 2.1139840739721233e-12 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 1.9503242150754573e-12 mol
+  PbCl4[-2]: 1.210843436371951e-12 mol
+  MnCl3[-1]: 2.705010865384822e-13 mol
+  H2PbO2(aq): 7.36117909195418e-14 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 2.3862709263461613e-14 mol
+  KOH(aq): 1.4221496223276468e-14 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 2.463259566571409e-15 mol
+  H2S(aq): 4.251427449809812e-16 mol
+  FeCl4[-2]: 2.36355338333954e-16 mol
+  Mn2OH[+3]: 7.314189899731238e-17 mol
+  NH4SO4[-1]: 3.7108944448766093e-17 mol
+  Fe(OH)2(aq): 1.3774990046287831e-17 mol
+  HS[-1]: 6.841102150606612e-19 mol
+  Mn(OH)2(aq): 7.244872617698814e-20 mol
+  H3PbO3[-1]: 1.2178939624547656e-20 mol
+  S[-1]: 2.2903317461258934e-21 mol
+  Mn2(OH)3[+1]: 1.4753267976197864e-22 mol
+  Fe(OH)3[-1]: 8.969193371740964e-24 mol
+  S[-2]: 1.8646582261431306e-27 mol
+  Mn(OH)3[-1]: 1.1114574661371098e-27 mol
+  H2(aq): 4.240053107750164e-29 mol
+  HClO(aq): 1.6691806287157633e-32 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 1.0920235946710442e-32 mol
+  Fe(OH)4[-2]: 2.151688536273532e-34 mol
+  H4Pb3O4[+2]: 7.499083819407917e-36 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 7.365316884257214e-36 mol
+  O2(aq): 3.403460902653288e-36 mol
+  Mn(OH)4[-2]: 2.2579736331591758e-37 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+  Pb(ClO3)2(aq): 0.0 mol
+  Pb[+4]: 0.0 mol
+  PbClO3[+1]: 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0003548359970909 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 4.071291745570328
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '-8.389907186931659e-08'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/drilling.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/drilling.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f2a9dea7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/drilling.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 54.70274435985417 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.7195228606709112 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.6222816674429154 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.033264875376969906 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 0.032788553261193454 mol
+  K[+1]: 0.011783576260390576 mol
+  Li[+1]: 0.005771212695232052 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.005662330450722699 mol
+  Br[-1]: 0.00357924946602562 mol
+  Sr[+2]: 0.002374552520048855 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 0.001127720521285474 mol
+  MgCl[+1]: 0.000921672069810019 mol
+  NH4[+1]: 0.0007456729119471932 mol
+  HPO4[-2]: 0.0006577347370526612 mol
+  NaHPO4[-1]: 0.0005427850291966093 mol
+  CaHPO4(aq): 0.00045273839026702833 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 0.00039765906246609287 mol
+  H2PO4[-1]: 0.0003453501603267113 mol
+  SrCl[+1]: 0.0001884894871442323 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.000171183521329389 mol
+  MgHPO4(aq): 0.00014858638237050443 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.00014661638174917241 mol
+  Fe[+2]: 0.00012377810209453512 mol
+  KCl(aq): 0.00011009765466279044 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 9.610800877785379e-05 mol
+  HCO3[-1]: 8.817449409951852e-05 mol
+  Zr(OH)4(aq): 8.706689265459222e-05 mol
+  LiCl(aq): 6.285091803927826e-05 mol
+  Ba[+2]: 6.179736752312733e-05 mol
+  Ti(OH)4(aq): 5.7911560947686435e-05 mol
+  NaBr(aq): 4.339224290358776e-05 mol
+  NaHCO3(aq): 3.525295236635264e-05 mol
+  VHO4[-2]: 2.7658131425962078e-05 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 2.6825818333727118e-05 mol
+  Mn[+2]: 2.2672709560986118e-05 mol
+  CO2(aq): 1.5355952963089348e-05 mol
+  FeCl[+1]: 1.4423156405822998e-05 mol
+  CaPO4[-1]: 1.2947624689168966e-05 mol
+  FeHPO4(aq): 1.220408548147094e-05 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 1.0881610936995016e-05 mol
+  CaHCO3[+1]: 8.329579898861758e-06 mol
+  MnCl[+1]: 7.721699984366092e-06 mol
+  KHPO4[-1]: 6.9102979205907926e-06 mol
+  V(HO2)2[-1]: 6.627471914858646e-06 mol
+  SrHPO4(aq): 5.641989817431345e-06 mol
+  MgPO4[-1]: 3.866533602384058e-06 mol
+  BaCl[+1]: 2.7705781904523017e-06 mol
+  SrSO4(aq): 2.1855664569869473e-06 mol
+  MnHPO4(aq): 2.1348376151416176e-06 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 2.0634112788130166e-06 mol
+  NH3(aq): 1.923443403674257e-06 mol
+  MgHCO3[+1]: 1.8114179595612988e-06 mol
+  FePO4[-1]: 1.4218311368038463e-06 mol
+  FeHCO3[+1]: 1.3726418388918153e-06 mol
+  LiSO4[-1]: 8.795990330853315e-07 mol
+  CaP2O7[-2]: 6.381153844588719e-07 mol
+  MgP2O7[-2]: 4.1926312336172654e-07 mol
+  CaCO3(aq): 3.657523916910297e-07 mol
+  MnCl3[-1]: 3.425054356774171e-07 mol
+  KBr(aq): 3.1042061630182733e-07 mol
+  H[+1]: 1.605048399000203e-07 mol
+  CO3[-2]: 1.1162439976224511e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 1.0957854778534693e-07 mol
+  FeSO4(aq): 1.0830212041298662e-07 mol
+  FeOH[+1]: 1.0305188055858194e-07 mol
+  FeCl4[-2]: 8.664593264873112e-08 mol
+  MnPO4[-1]: 4.739228254607548e-08 mol
+  NaCO3[-1]: 4.373734139097234e-08 mol
+  MnH2PO4[+1]: 3.98611386250931e-08 mol
+  MgCO3(aq): 3.704126753793315e-08 mol
+  Na2P2O7[-2]: 3.468079109923953e-08 mol
+  FeCO3(aq): 3.334052072702005e-08 mol
+  P2HO7[-3]: 3.2659833739668853e-08 mol
+  MnSO4(aq): 3.088332176565252e-08 mol
+  NaP2HO7[-2]: 2.7646297290857393e-08 mol
+  PO4[-3]: 2.513153364385899e-08 mol
+  FeCl2(aq): 2.3202981814029546e-08 mol
+  HCl(aq): 1.3112288220578539e-08 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 1.2370806188127746e-08 mol
+  NaP2O7[-3]: 1.1517968818260298e-08 mol
+  SrCO3(aq): 7.61396386994265e-09 mol
+  VH3O4(aq): 5.797024238969649e-09 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 5.1043958463610085e-09 mol
+  H3PO4(aq): 4.653968445664463e-09 mol
+  P2O7[-4]: 4.414620917461227e-09 mol
+  MnCO3(aq): 3.765580913008507e-09 mol
+  MnHCO3[+1]: 3.6476808879451386e-09 mol
+  P2H2O7[-2]: 1.6023892924878667e-09 mol
+  MnOH[+1]: 1.5343185187811623e-09 mol
+  SrP2O7[-2]: 1.515249644880424e-09 mol
+  LiOH(aq): 7.22397229404076e-10 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 7.079063907718374e-10 mol
+  VP2(HO5)2[-3]: 4.938898567963219e-10 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 4.598167094016463e-10 mol
+  SrOH[+1]: 2.6790633214406466e-10 mol
+  KP2O7[-3]: 2.4679714815911507e-10 mol
+  KOH(aq): 1.8711983179430378e-10 mol
+  VPHO6[-1]: 1.7042500462253366e-10 mol
+  BaCO3(aq): 1.1966968028557954e-10 mol
+  Zr(OH)3[+1]: 1.1063413486772847e-10 mol
+  VO4[-3]: 1.2813322603472421e-11 mol
+  BaOH[+1]: 4.606501045332651e-12 mol
+  CaH2PO4[+1]: 4.089141848708508e-12 mol
+  Fe(OH)2(aq): 4.039427543695223e-12 mol
+  Zr(OH)5[-1]: 3.0077696973810723e-12 mol
+  VO2[+1]: 2.403767508346591e-12 mol
+  MgH2PO4[+1]: 1.6510638278737586e-12 mol
+  FeH2PO4[+1]: 3.0359184023854946e-13 mol
+  Mn2OH[+3]: 2.510522082901387e-13 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 1.5924171467737905e-13 mol
+  SrH2PO4[+1]: 5.214553790462251e-14 mol
+  Mn2(OH)3[+1]: 2.2461813835148472e-14 mol
+  Mn(OH)2(aq): 1.8585721617990594e-14 mol
+  P2H3O7[-1]: 1.1434125336235474e-14 mol
+  VSO6[-1]: 2.1363137371721734e-15 mol
+  Fe(OH)3[-1]: 1.7927154318837936e-15 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 1.777576796664818e-15 mol
+  VHO2[+1]: 1.755268347331817e-16 mol
+  NH4SO4[-1]: 7.738144552485523e-17 mol
+  VO[+2]: 4.1525280239201195e-17 mol
+  Mn(OH)3[-1]: 1.9434392177471582e-19 mol
+  VSO5(aq): 5.199056767455097e-20 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 3.7945893015648454e-20 mol
+  P2H4O7(aq): 2.9384904564897036e-20 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 2.9216978786749973e-21 mol
+  S[-1]: 2.6452464708877923e-21 mol
+  VP(HO3)2(aq): 1.0553354691024569e-21 mol
+  HS[-1]: 9.705676427252114e-22 mol
+  H2S(aq): 8.3825178342534175e-22 mol
+  ZrOH[+3]: 2.932299771285923e-22 mol
+  Fe(OH)4[-2]: 5.630345577696074e-23 mol
+  HBrO(aq): 4.795355602739189e-25 mol
+  O2(aq): 2.655313636146491e-25 mol
+  Mn(OH)4[-2]: 5.1688586637850147e-26 mol
+  V(OH)2[+1]: 2.5698717610217153e-26 mol
+  Br(aq): 2.404505402480941e-26 mol
+  BrO[-1]: 2.2390489995265252e-26 mol
+  S[-2]: 2.851028511713608e-27 mol
+  Br[-0.33333333]: 2.131407736284389e-27 mol
+  HClO(aq): 9.514376037255968e-28 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 2.9330744838472484e-28 mol
+  VOH[+2]: 5.931718093936212e-29 mol
+  Zr[+4]: 4.134693749951274e-29 mol
+  ZrSO4[+2]: 4.4861659217143355e-31 mol
+  V[+3]: 1.0902614956702531e-32 mol
+  Zr(SO4)2(aq): 9.111446289329383e-34 mol
+  H2(aq): 1.131279008403089e-34 mol
+  VSO4[+1]: 1.9387802603763944e-35 mol
+  Zr(SO4)3[-2]: 1.3687359863915774e-36 mol
+  Zr(OH)2[+2]: 0.0 mol
+  BrO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  BrO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+  PH4[+1]: 0.0 mol
+  Zr3(OH)4[+8]: 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0000313570109567 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 6.794525485208844
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '9.789649103465056e-08'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/excavation.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/excavation.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..75e5505e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/excavation.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.3431728706584 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.004875219659002452 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.003078029670466939 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.0013668150219148614 mol
+  Sr[+2]: 0.0010308331032690067 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 0.0007984433655596169 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.0006888994787096975 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.0003971673425600521 mol
+  SrSO4(aq): 0.0003269887337527961 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.0002902506178700672 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 0.0001785661085847377 mol
+  K[+1]: 9.3837761377998e-05 mol
+  HCO3[-1]: 4.4952810877258825e-05 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 2.4900648537149174e-05 mol
+  Zn[+2]: 1.7317544910804234e-05 mol
+  ZnSO4(aq): 5.905040410644737e-06 mol
+  CO2(aq): 2.5463279883665835e-06 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 2.075996430137737e-06 mol
+  CaHCO3[+1]: 1.0591191743552594e-06 mol
+  Sb(OH)3(aq): 9.937104402499917e-07 mol
+  Ni[+2]: 9.045596413705393e-07 mol
+  ZnOH[+1]: 4.5533915239568895e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 3.924974299197739e-07 mol
+  NH4[+1]: 3.3730315517247845e-07 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 2.885683963548372e-07 mol
+  CaCO3(aq): 2.820414721599204e-07 mol
+  SrCl[+1]: 2.4244434055761837e-07 mol
+  NiSO4(aq): 2.0148170897912679e-07 mol
+  MgCl[+1]: 1.3002845802312262e-07 mol
+  MgHCO3[+1]: 1.2698578395088996e-07 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 1.242690099808246e-07 mol
+  CO3[-2]: 1.0732332291230761e-07 mol
+  NaHCO3(aq): 6.639120141029272e-08 mol
+  Zn(OH)2(aq): 5.983818876449617e-08 mol
+  H[+1]: 3.1714347738652815e-08 mol
+  SrCO3(aq): 2.9513060303313926e-08 mol
+  MgCO3(aq): 1.574803389088481e-08 mol
+  ZnHCO3[+1]: 1.1844734506157275e-08 mol
+  ZnCl[+1]: 1.1760372649886074e-08 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 1.1407293860050853e-08 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 9.048236946361298e-09 mol
+  ZnHClO(aq): 6.170304511225717e-09 mol
+  NH3(aq): 5.903104704491943e-09 mol
+  ZnCO3(aq): 5.25432553009869e-09 mol
+  KCl(aq): 1.620348288086133e-09 mol
+  SrOH[+1]: 1.2417816572718202e-09 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 8.383810634508851e-10 mol
+  NaCO3[-1]: 2.93587878303179e-10 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 1.7558039195864838e-10 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 6.971436475716389e-11 mol
+  Sb(OH)4[-1]: 4.6770929312387554e-11 mol
+  NiCl[+1]: 3.8925689478854353e-11 mol
+  ZnH3N[+2]: 1.1945353703617661e-11 mol
+  KOH(aq): 9.924016311021968e-12 mol
+  Zn(OH)3[-1]: 7.555997500735072e-12 mol
+  ZnCl2(aq): 7.1066314891547195e-12 mol
+  Ni(OH)2(aq): 6.806585807261374e-12 mol
+  HCl(aq): 3.774393776450592e-12 mol
+  Sb(OH)2[+1]: 1.0027511395047714e-12 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 4.494971487393053e-14 mol
+  Ni(OH)3[-1]: 2.8050634539977112e-15 mol
+  ZnCl3[-1]: 2.6955298019102557e-15 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 1.4704437985000252e-15 mol
+  Ni2OH[+3]: 6.93969149511741e-16 mol
+  Zn(OH)4[-2]: 7.009694656056597e-17 mol
+  ZnCl4[-2]: 1.8743550494498983e-17 mol
+  SbH4NO2(aq): 1.5489428296918264e-17 mol
+  Zn(H3N)2[+2]: 1.1372984042651943e-17 mol
+  NH4SO4[-1]: 4.619151317745982e-18 mol
+  Ni(H3N)2[+2]: 3.951569029708098e-18 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 2.0949481922096292e-19 mol
+  S[-1]: 1.5284126773537412e-21 mol
+  NiOH[+1]: 2.308303943633635e-22 mol
+  HS[-1]: 2.245725950219549e-22 mol
+  O2(aq): 1.5684406365603506e-22 mol
+  H2S(aq): 5.616945665179043e-23 mol
+  Zn(H3N)3[+2]: 1.0828039859149972e-23 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 8.465802718615334e-24 mol
+  S[-2]: 1.4134101841459142e-27 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 6.669425356375107e-30 mol
+  HClO(aq): 6.06980767262749e-30 mol
+  Zn(H3N)4[+2]: 5.4881298434805796e-30 mol
+  H2(aq): 6.293546149167047e-36 mol
+  SbCl4[-1]: 3.859987079208046e-39 mol
+  SbH4S2N(aq): 0.0 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+  Sb2HS4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  Ni(H3N)6[+2]: 0.0 mol
+  SbS2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ZnClO4[+1]: 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0003038602179857 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.49887616097519
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '-1.9740992135723903e-08'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/flotation.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/flotation.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8cd8df42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/flotation.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.34705795104686 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.008593998316008145 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.005139603720497977 mol
+  SiO2(aq): 0.004222597366200851 mol
+  SiHO3[-1]: 0.0036844780636687874 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.0016761837349747763 mol
+  NaSiHO3(aq): 0.001327273910368786 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.001185310806301223 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 0.0007276732080269763 mol
+  Si2H7O8[-1]: 0.0005859248042209519 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.0005851262810263594 mol
+  K[+1]: 0.00045244674549232115 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 0.0002696736421140659 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 0.00018939367263256913 mol
+  OH[-1]: 7.364434189820467e-05 mol
+  CuOH[+1]: 3.1884978859516794e-05 mol
+  Ni[+2]: 1.8237400056002755e-05 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 1.0018588619237425e-05 mol
+  SiH3O4[-1]: 8.244932670698159e-06 mol
+  Ni(OH)2(aq): 4.509100771315928e-06 mol
+  NiSO4(aq): 3.898819135537224e-06 mol
+  Si(HO2)2[-2]: 3.703978423664394e-06 mol
+  Sb(OH)3(aq): 1.6282054410119756e-06 mol
+  Zn(OH)2(aq): 1.5472877100617122e-06 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 7.20978132098883e-07 mol
+  Ni(OH)3[-1]: 3.4844567342887745e-07 mol
+  Cu[+2]: 1.4354771534446732e-07 mol
+  CuO2[-2]: 9.866543782091957e-08 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 9.680738013251612e-08 mol
+  ZnOH[+1]: 6.435903977855192e-08 mol
+  CuSO4(aq): 5.1218706153828835e-08 mol
+  NiOH[+1]: 4.524880922665801e-08 mol
+  Zn(OH)3[-1]: 3.663668843033742e-08 mol
+  Sb(OH)4[-1]: 1.4370011549372916e-08 mol
+  Zn[+2]: 1.3628374514397459e-08 mol
+  KOH(aq): 8.743771435238968e-09 mol
+  ZnSO4(aq): 4.460179694579019e-09 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 1.483994779908989e-09 mol
+  H[+1]: 1.7261727667727842e-10 mol
+  Zn(OH)4[-2]: 6.541236503804064e-11 mol
+  Ni2OH[+3]: 5.3266355427777064e-11 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 4.954920610892417e-11 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 3.263937663743111e-12 mol
+  O2(aq): 1.844789366247557e-13 mol
+  Sb(OH)2[+1]: 8.980994651766634e-15 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 2.2853556964597572e-15 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 1.1565082857344994e-15 mol
+  S[-1]: 2.085741421622351e-21 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 6.1162874585674875e-24 mol
+  HS[-1]: 1.398519914561494e-24 mol
+  H2S(aq): 1.8638616519193285e-27 mol
+  S[-2]: 1.6867518324047386e-27 mol
+  H2(aq): 1.8315514675853914e-40 mol
+  Sb2HS4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  SbS2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.000332071732009 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 9.763059932365861
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '2.24242508938715e-08'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/flue_gas.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/flue_gas.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8e984ea6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/flue_gas.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.39139143139797 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.05498186451432131 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.04321182034817386 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 0.02139354132687436 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.01944902959850466 mol
+  H[+1]: 0.017673140980629568 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 0.010665636886118306 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.0051848367880623115 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 0.003948190608802997 mol
+  Zn[+2]: 0.00014499622911755825 mol
+  AsH3O4(aq): 0.0001341747899008529 mol
+  ZnSO4(aq): 0.00011437934473693294 mol
+  As(HO2)2[-1]: 7.125815328777355e-05 mol
+  AsHO2(aq): 8.733994507500761e-06 mol
+  As(OH)3(aq): 7.614401780408704e-06 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 2.1576430104317635e-07 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 9.6450018064844e-09 mol
+  AsHO4[-2]: 2.1240138116281104e-09 mol
+  H2S(aq): 2.278924185776758e-11 mol
+  ZnOH[+1]: 5.12296657108022e-12 mol
+  OH[-1]: 9.100891583903174e-13 mol
+  AsH2O3[-1]: 4.3561103645612966e-13 mol
+  AsO2[-1]: 4.1765979734817214e-13 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 8.85089327057729e-14 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 1.0894522473460889e-14 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 4.666554583661262e-15 mol
+  HS[-1]: 2.116548366586322e-16 mol
+  AsO4[-3]: 1.84734001551002e-18 mol
+  Zn(OH)2(aq): 1.1202870666832876e-18 mol
+  AsHS2(aq): 7.086232801251348e-20 mol
+  S[-1]: 7.292884176394273e-21 mol
+  AsHO3[-2]: 7.642224970375495e-22 mol
+  H2(aq): 1.5854424501207152e-24 mol
+  S[-2]: 4.003737571923656e-27 mol
+  Zn(OH)3[-1]: 3.238785736945798e-28 mol
+  Zn(OH)4[-2]: 9.886263114864379e-39 mol
+  AsH3(aq): 0.0 mol
+  O2(aq): 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0012434962864216 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 1.7532259661971545
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '6.414144338078556e-06'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/gasification.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/gasification.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ba3ad80b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/gasification.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.33385719406224 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.03849195147438811 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.01963126521846032 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.008868082211436562 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.00593070383366762 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 0.0012036280230650342 mol
+  AlO2[-1]: 0.00015570101180919198 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 0.00011048974634156768 mol
+  Al13(H6O7)4[+7]: 3.314127617907354e-05 mol
+  AlHO2(aq): 5.253295303524817e-06 mol
+  Ba[+2]: 1.5685061991098553e-06 mol
+  NaAlO2(aq): 9.65808036129724e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 8.35925801756399e-07 mol
+  Al(OH)2[+1]: 6.480999631676164e-08 mol
+  H[+1]: 1.6949993751821518e-08 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 1.0001916698907212e-08 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 6.540906556432585e-09 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 4.654974817763486e-09 mol
+  BaCl[+1]: 4.3798647775579176e-09 mol
+  AlOH[+2]: 7.726393416274807e-10 mol
+  HCl(aq): 5.018786179311697e-11 mol
+  BaOH[+1]: 1.970764509392543e-12 mol
+  Al[+3]: 1.9453774532835262e-12 mol
+  AlSO4[+1]: 1.9197016007853338e-12 mol
+  Al(SO4)2[-1]: 5.391301702685608e-13 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 1.0242333007841267e-14 mol
+  Al3(OH)4[+5]: 3.337621166314806e-18 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 7.132434442215974e-20 mol
+  S[-1]: 6.215839357483458e-21 mol
+  O2(aq): 2.2974359553272522e-21 mol
+  HS[-1]: 2.1286148106013833e-22 mol
+  H2S(aq): 2.4963015200069777e-23 mol
+  S[-2]: 3.251358109752127e-27 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 7.246549831872826e-28 mol
+  HClO(aq): 3.1060491108728226e-28 mol
+  H2(aq): 1.6154203931917253e-36 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.000795599578788 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.771175844682497
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '-4.356819267667991e-07'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/geothermal.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/geothermal.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c6fb266e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/geothermal.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.323981487812674 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.022515705271355258 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.022047859181240564 mol
+  K[+1]: 0.0015653672430979589 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.0009698827383519989 mol
+  SiO2(aq): 0.0007055058545021723 mol
+  HCO3[-1]: 0.000629217734020706 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.00030894538202713245 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.00021444077693680597 mol
+  CO2(aq): 9.420398344056751e-05 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 7.733346856602322e-05 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 6.251823423646876e-05 mol
+  NaHCO3(aq): 1.491593484832426e-05 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 1.3186709752568064e-05 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 6.521007645184471e-06 mol
+  CaHCO3[+1]: 1.2991247892310615e-06 mol
+  SiHO3[-1]: 1.240548686970652e-06 mol
+  Sr[+2]: 1.0725841221129678e-06 mol
+  NaSiHO3(aq): 9.68657638127791e-07 mol
+  KCl(aq): 8.244864361200328e-07 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 7.926084901647491e-07 mol
+  CO3[-2]: 5.827021469586714e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 1.4835153448793876e-07 mol
+  CaCO3(aq): 1.2740856731142727e-07 mol
+  H[+1]: 8.571287492884343e-08 mol
+  SrSO4(aq): 6.10289654423618e-08 mol
+  NaCO3[-1]: 2.4939530894266432e-08 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 1.4728347462384529e-08 mol
+  SrCl[+1]: 7.525457242715954e-09 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 4.6303597843157205e-09 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 6.651776372187107e-10 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 4.226843363152297e-10 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 3.776092274662618e-10 mol
+  HCl(aq): 3.128851949123189e-10 mol
+  SrCO3(aq): 1.5066445060692743e-10 mol
+  KOH(aq): 6.085729222574044e-11 mol
+  Si(HO2)2[-2]: 2.5175763937742225e-12 mol
+  Si2H7O8[-1]: 1.8563128032071063e-12 mol
+  SrOH[+1]: 4.645324929153207e-13 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 3.734262457254551e-13 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 1.2528716167024197e-15 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 2.835396834395549e-19 mol
+  SiH3O4[-1]: 1.0706693437404224e-19 mol
+  S[-1]: 1.3984944025247955e-21 mol
+  HS[-1]: 5.679652233788916e-22 mol
+  H2S(aq): 3.754895073354942e-22 mol
+  O2(aq): 3.0327282362025863e-24 mol
+  S[-2]: 1.3828543391496525e-27 mol
+  HClO(aq): 7.002304851770236e-29 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 2.909140591404094e-29 mol
+  H2(aq): 4.5124712171815976e-35 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0003467243451043 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.067104492184217
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '1.304244090728514e-08'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/leachate.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/leachate.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..edd79c65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/leachate.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.554610111625465 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.14201874341568896 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 0.12496221849157713 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.07832729694999295 mol
+  H[+1]: 0.07603641044081874 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.056117447118015404 mol
+  Al(SO4)2[-1]: 0.04132693524408839 mol
+  Fe[+2]: 0.04065732621633377 mol
+  AlSO4[+1]: 0.03975622866432752 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 0.03604354208618698 mol
+  Al[+3]: 0.024021287327473887 mol
+  FeSO4(aq): 0.020299212986118725 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 0.010457919787643367 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.009520365096549351 mol
+  Zn[+2]: 0.0023798487561358184 mol
+  ZnSO4(aq): 0.001575308881575445 mol
+  Cu[+2]: 0.0003652174831437683 mol
+  CuSO4(aq): 0.00026356755343769474 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 4.810182247392258e-06 mol
+  AlOH[+2]: 1.975734001248256e-06 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 7.319038719002199e-08 mol
+  H2S(aq): 5.881302677039094e-10 mol
+  CuOH[+1]: 1.0742291995168847e-10 mol
+  FeOH[+1]: 7.33135430323393e-11 mol
+  Al(OH)2[+1]: 1.9601265728307193e-11 mol
+  ZnOH[+1]: 1.488231179998677e-11 mol
+  OH[-1]: 2.4205764470982484e-13 mol
+  Al3(OH)4[+5]: 8.000007180639662e-14 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 6.308971031705183e-14 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 5.796273179882238e-14 mol
+  HS[-1]: 1.4603698480275731e-15 mol
+  AlHO2(aq): 3.090511913121796e-16 mol
+  Zn(OH)2(aq): 6.829287251861315e-19 mol
+  S[-1]: 2.720375645671363e-20 mol
+  Fe(OH)2(aq): 6.239716196479641e-21 mol
+  AlO2[-1]: 2.59481907368883e-21 mol
+  H2(aq): 2.4948691784765286e-23 mol
+  S[-2]: 9.229241933494227e-27 mol
+  Zn(OH)3[-1]: 5.131075535370178e-29 mol
+  Fe(OH)3[-1]: 6.0214053578338366e-30 mol
+  CuO2[-2]: 1.3486561989656458e-38 mol
+  Zn(OH)4[-2]: 6.008763330534212e-40 mol
+  Al13(H6O7)4[+7]: 0.0 mol
+  Fe(OH)4[-2]: 0.0 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 0.0 mol
+  O2(aq): 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0032210903114116 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 1.1203750472610867
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '3.381229581942617e-05'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/mine_drainage.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/mine_drainage.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..490f00ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/mine_drainage.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.34305417056822 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.009163917285437327 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.006347604521984806 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 0.0026862226157368368 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.0026706252253874438 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.0024302562020361296 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 0.0014125277534167498 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.0009442723531859107 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.00023362918796679917 mol
+  H[+1]: 0.00015098043565394808 mol
+  SiO2(aq): 0.00014625159681779033 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 6.625010865635377e-05 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 2.5950095574718625e-05 mol
+  MgCl[+1]: 2.2991886801398412e-07 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 2.170125726490524e-07 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 2.602989079006453e-08 mol
+  HCl(aq): 5.55457764157031e-09 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 5.1715715245838e-09 mol
+  SiHO3[-1]: 1.5589245142606017e-10 mol
+  OH[-1]: 9.015630029244735e-11 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 4.0034473379341727e-11 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 6.694554262174458e-12 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 5.827733428008563e-12 mol
+  NaSiHO3(aq): 4.711043925494519e-12 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 9.920023502955432e-15 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 6.0809409556621205e-15 mol
+  H2S(aq): 1.7748699973052754e-15 mol
+  HS[-1]: 1.6304128647199825e-18 mol
+  Si(HO2)2[-2]: 2.0899275980037957e-19 mol
+  S[-1]: 4.237446899635916e-21 mol
+  Si2H7O8[-1]: 1.3741497509074695e-21 mol
+  S[-2]: 2.575415864801026e-27 mol
+  H2(aq): 1.3248048590027795e-28 mol
+  HClO(aq): 4.215566177084175e-34 mol
+  SiH3O4[-1]: 4.446281263149396e-35 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 3.084695532655954e-35 mol
+  O2(aq): 3.4711256328230478e-37 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 1.0613134026742094e-37 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0002432455962582 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 3.8211849531803104
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '-2.2424894954593064e-06'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/mine_tailings.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/mine_tailings.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0e88cd72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/mine_tailings.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.32527219686833 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.01910160189382241 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.016135943554109248 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.0132591296125287 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.006799105732990569 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 0.005915782251573327 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.0019789362717256495 mol
+  HCO3[-1]: 0.001973742593022422 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 0.0017720815054770814 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 0.0007683749235863368 mol
+  K[+1]: 0.0007337879356678304 mol
+  NH4[+1]: 0.00030677626335466184 mol
+  F[-1]: 0.0002713733351148505 mol
+  CaHCO3[+1]: 0.00013185880850676043 mol
+  CO2(aq): 8.106424864179575e-05 mol
+  AlO2[-1]: 7.21358650371714e-05 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 4.1917585475863976e-05 mol
+  CaCO3(aq): 3.934447215018118e-05 mol
+  NaHCO3(aq): 2.836153935813147e-05 mol
+  Al13(H6O7)4[+7]: 2.7137352943631618e-05 mol
+  Sr[+2]: 2.182718400646921e-05 mol
+  MgHCO3[+1]: 2.1175614210693753e-05 mol
+  Fe[+2]: 1.7617331147992993e-05 mol
+  SrSO4(aq): 1.2578163316166845e-05 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 1.1788083796343575e-05 mol
+  Mn[+2]: 1.0237577154435996e-05 mol
+  FeSO4(aq): 8.52690739893325e-06 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 7.97763545706357e-06 mol
+  FeHCO3[+1]: 7.757801572531792e-06 mol
+  CO3[-2]: 7.748915626994612e-06 mol
+  MnSO4(aq): 7.71393647236464e-06 mol
+  CaF[+1]: 7.708726629855765e-06 mol
+  MgF[+1]: 5.997010184353961e-06 mol
+  NH3(aq): 5.901532231145853e-06 mol
+  MgCl[+1]: 4.8148241335673395e-06 mol
+  Zn[+2]: 4.170601286982106e-06 mol
+  AlHO2(aq): 3.799751215832479e-06 mol
+  MgCO3(aq): 2.9424811287724e-06 mol
+  ZnSO4(aq): 2.6762462987018688e-06 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 2.191695110560048e-06 mol
+  Ba[+2]: 2.0163282992765414e-06 mol
+  FeCO3(aq): 1.2804549786775764e-06 mol
+  Ni[+2]: 1.0206442908929442e-06 mol
+  Be[+2]: 6.445748750762927e-07 mol
+  AlF3(aq): 5.824007965578647e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 5.362442940359137e-07 mol
+  MnCO3(aq): 4.5879785962412735e-07 mol
+  NiSO4(aq): 4.2782256273905414e-07 mol
+  CuCO3(aq): 4.1239985864286373e-07 mol
+  NaF(aq): 2.8904654727845094e-07 mol
+  AlF2[+1]: 2.762278204234738e-07 mol
+  NaCO3[-1]: 1.7057026794383705e-07 mol
+  NaAlO2(aq): 1.3824138042481712e-07 mol
+  FeOH[+1]: 1.306640463407132e-07 mol
+  ZnOH[+1]: 1.072729702689935e-07 mol
+  KCl(aq): 1.0057635269905114e-07 mol
+  ZnHCO3[+1]: 9.020379084838129e-08 mol
+  Al(OH)2[+1]: 7.592255520520944e-08 mol
+  MnHCO3[+1]: 6.540270898113333e-08 mol
+  MnCl[+1]: 6.18697666688105e-08 mol
+  FeF[+1]: 4.615311874582133e-08 mol
+  ZnCO3(aq): 4.483558785150362e-08 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 4.393420765668774e-08 mol
+  CuOH[+1]: 4.0861122944448516e-08 mol
+  AlF4[-1]: 3.948301273703769e-08 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 3.900292595375919e-08 mol
+  FeCl[+1]: 3.6427419139048926e-08 mol
+  SrCl[+1]: 3.479796509749638e-08 mol
+  Cu[+2]: 3.377491870581662e-08 mol
+  MnF[+1]: 3.151070525299967e-08 mol
+  H[+1]: 2.7210549053137275e-08 mol
+  CuSO4(aq): 2.3629021707638217e-08 mol
+  SrCO3(aq): 2.1374766140188922e-08 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 2.1100606487224136e-08 mol
+  CdCl[+1]: 2.0040101021538154e-08 mol
+  ZnCl[+1]: 1.9887566583014018e-08 mol
+  BeO2[-2]: 1.83988302208646e-08 mol
+  Zn(OH)2(aq): 1.5780626890026087e-08 mol
+  Cd[+2]: 1.4695434119799593e-08 mol
+  ZnHClO(aq): 1.168039855328932e-08 mol
+  UC3O11[-4]: 9.468799809085395e-09 mol
+  HF(aq): 7.451525132163294e-09 mol
+  ZnF[+1]: 6.7368923618820514e-09 mol
+  AlF[+2]: 6.6155116323928016e-09 mol
+  MnOH[+1]: 6.1718188872096014e-09 mol
+  Cu(CO3)2[-2]: 5.90196307306944e-09 mol
+  U(CO4)2[-2]: 3.6183473432439296e-09 mol
+  SrF[+1]: 3.4500572114010266e-09 mol
+  ZnH3N[+2]: 3.0398757778902658e-09 mol
+  CuH3N[+2]: 2.390845302209234e-09 mol
+  BaCl[+1]: 1.815567780306601e-09 mol
+  AlOH[+2]: 1.5200304526627071e-09 mol
+  BaCO3(aq): 1.1924770550137504e-09 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 9.2129220840296e-10 mol
+  CdHCO3[+1]: 3.6876446124903114e-10 mol
+  CdCl2(aq): 3.6117422538874874e-10 mol
+  NiCl[+1]: 3.0840522725086066e-10 mol
+  CuCl[+1]: 2.6220665358625073e-10 mol
+  BaF[+1]: 1.5021850266363007e-10 mol
+  U(HO2)2(aq): 1.4230619749852838e-10 mol
+  ZnCl2(aq): 9.656508172469441e-11 mol
+  KOH(aq): 8.581628797312531e-11 mol
+  CuF[+1]: 6.121463269818938e-11 mol
+  CdHClO(aq): 5.001606259880757e-11 mol
+  CdSO4(aq): 4.307581339130591e-11 mol
+  Cu(H3N)2[+2]: 3.841840401501174e-11 mol
+  Fe(OH)2(aq): 3.565050585091786e-11 mol
+  CdH3N[+2]: 3.0367404538402834e-11 mol
+  CdOH[+1]: 2.741993975955656e-11 mol
+  HCl(aq): 2.7058021168222997e-11 mol
+  SrOH[+1]: 2.483028965547338e-11 mol
+  UCO5(aq): 2.3415395747123397e-11 mol
+  CdCO3(aq): 1.8809389783559104e-11 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 1.823923373838429e-11 mol
+  CuH2CO5[-2]: 1.7725474561828078e-11 mol
+  AlSO4[+1]: 1.1321484238353276e-11 mol
+  UH3O5[-1]: 9.75365045623909e-12 mol
+  Ni(OH)2(aq): 8.410077335626932e-12 mol
+  Al(SO4)2[-1]: 6.334060149940912e-12 mol
+  Al[+3]: 6.248876543439832e-12 mol
+  Ni(H3N)2[+2]: 4.711682754687678e-12 mol
+  Zn(H3N)2[+2]: 2.8943833048059576e-12 mol
+  Zn(OH)3[-1]: 2.7074947620190217e-12 mol
+  Mn2(OH)3[+1]: 2.5013321428383957e-12 mol
+  BaOH[+1]: 1.5154629446781566e-12 mol
+  FeCl2(aq): 8.125039668471974e-13 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 6.673453789858806e-13 mol
+  CdCl3[-1]: 6.205783981922122e-13 mol
+  CuCl2(aq): 5.739667196897062e-13 mol
+  UHO3[+1]: 5.291474782053362e-13 mol
+  Mn(OH)2(aq): 5.203825999072626e-13 mol
+  HF2[-1]: 4.871587625049219e-13 mol
+  Cd(CO3)2[-2]: 4.0128477857851405e-13 mol
+  MnCl3[-1]: 3.7632785961369603e-13 mol
+  ZnCl3[-1]: 3.5721995680480513e-13 mol
+  Mn2OH[+3]: 1.7921916155153647e-13 mol
+  Cu(H3N)3[+2]: 1.504456703716453e-13 mol
+  U2H3CO10[-1]: 1.0266562199608504e-13 mol
+  Fe(OH)3[-1]: 7.856137390502858e-14 mol
+  Cd(OH)2(aq): 5.1153586643130963e-14 mol
+  UO2F[+1]: 4.9135520599169044e-14 mol
+  Cd(H3N)2[+2]: 4.143253013914877e-14 mol
+  ZnCl4[-2]: 2.992797854382638e-14 mol
+  U(OF)2(aq): 2.4694769276223625e-14 mol
+  USO6(aq): 1.3532595045094735e-14 mol
+  NH4SO4[-1]: 1.0772536005599023e-14 mol
+  Ni(OH)3[-1]: 4.7091590934251445e-15 mol
+  UO2[+2]: 3.974250081518572e-15 mol
+  Zn(H3N)3[+2]: 2.75585429380721e-15 mol
+  U(SO5)2[-2]: 2.2983934209338678e-15 mol
+  Ni2OH[+3]: 1.2904431804940659e-15 mol
+  UO2F3[-1]: 1.2314505506356474e-15 mol
+  FeCl4[-2]: 1.7383203799687322e-16 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 9.21662041317372e-17 mol
+  CuO2[-2]: 4.89588671119417e-17 mol
+  Zn(OH)4[-2]: 4.2160292499610124e-17 mol
+  Mn(OH)3[-1]: 2.7018805189849166e-17 mol
+  Al3(OH)4[+5]: 1.8921209735967545e-17 mol
+  UClO2[+1]: 1.539098139597421e-17 mol
+  U(H2O3)2[-2]: 1.3883634687174203e-17 mol
+  Cd2OH[+3]: 4.940729616194209e-18 mol
+  U(OF2)2[-2]: 3.2715481355166118e-18 mol
+  Zn(H3N)4[+2]: 1.3968686662487638e-18 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 3.592181904332951e-19 mol
+  Cd(OH)3[-1]: 3.2138045639630257e-19 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 1.65128673485749e-20 mol
+  Fe(OH)4[-2]: 7.175382549656883e-21 mol
+  U(ClO)2(aq): 3.2749850583867076e-21 mol
+  NiOH[+1]: 9.43671726001985e-22 mol
+  CuCl4[-2]: 7.975040464150455e-22 mol
+  Cd(H3N)4[+2]: 3.845815701023254e-22 mol
+  O2(aq): 3.580237511028866e-22 mol
+  S[-1]: 2.760082384628155e-22 mol
+  U3H5O11[+1]: 1.890398364823189e-22 mol
+  UO2[+1]: 1.8757098329347207e-22 mol
+  U3H7O13[-1]: 1.2551211979135268e-22 mol
+  HS[-1]: 6.995005179803218e-23 mol
+  Mn(OH)4[-2]: 2.089787514523719e-23 mol
+  H2S(aq): 1.278937176307275e-23 mol
+  U2HO5[+3]: 1.6187751784091006e-24 mol
+  Cd(OH)4[-2]: 2.6457905035562347e-25 mol
+  U3(H2O5)2[+2]: 4.0623156758305645e-26 mol
+  U3H5CO13[+1]: 6.376983036105778e-27 mol
+  U3H3CO12[+1]: 5.147914369787268e-27 mol
+  S[-2]: 7.0562245633860385e-28 mol
+  U(OH)4(aq): 4.994945975285267e-28 mol
+  U4H7O15[+1]: 2.4484539262330894e-28 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 9.89964502097287e-29 mol
+  HClO(aq): 6.624608173139319e-29 mol
+  UC3O11[-5]: 5.216707172602235e-29 mol
+  Ni(H3N)6[+2]: 2.803982869432125e-29 mol
+  H2(aq): 4.067372218764008e-36 mol
+  U(CO3)4[-4]: 2.9389552561459914e-39 mol
+  U11H12(C3O26)2[-2]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+  U(CO3)5[-6]: 0.0 mol
+  U(SO4)2(aq): 0.0 mol
+  U[+3]: 0.0 mol
+  U[+4]: 0.0 mol
+  UCl[+3]: 0.0 mol
+  UF[+3]: 0.0 mol
+  UF2[+2]: 0.0 mol
+  UF3[+1]: 0.0 mol
+  UF4(aq): 0.0 mol
+  UF5[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  UF6[-2]: 0.0 mol
+  UClO5[+1]: 0.0 mol
+  UOH[+3]: 0.0 mol
+  USO4[+2]: 0.0 mol
+  ZnClO4[+1]: 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0001021415248994 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.565307052194184
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '-9.023576557576874e-10'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/plating.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/plating.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c1328551
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/plating.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.35161243885129 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.012201256859377396 mol
+  Fe[+2]: 0.005774870146475631 mol
+  AlSO4[+1]: 0.0021107406063515643 mol
+  FeSO4(aq): 0.0019954910523830795 mol
+  As(HO2)2[-1]: 0.001937445689539736 mol
+  Al[+3]: 0.0015706231617865392 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.0015063987562266468 mol
+  Zn[+2]: 0.00148869772567252 mol
+  Ni[+2]: 0.0013899391777305173 mol
+  H[+1]: 0.0013666156185009862 mol
+  Al(SO4)2[-1]: 0.0007577944367038837 mol
+  ZnSO4(aq): 0.0006820089349863961 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 0.0006700621566454413 mol
+  Cr[+3]: 0.0005562610779682804 mol
+  Sn(OH)4(aq): 0.0004353514631458112 mol
+  NiSO4(aq): 0.0004159500716165978 mol
+  AsH3O4(aq): 0.00032479237768591717 mol
+  Cu[+2]: 0.00014478213317337422 mol
+  NH4[+1]: 0.00011934057083713298 mol
+  CuSO4(aq): 7.231402461522476e-05 mol
+  Cd[+2]: 6.256167229686426e-05 mol
+  CrOH[+2]: 2.4851677237779535e-05 mol
+  AlOH[+2]: 7.861091127709792e-06 mol
+  Cr3(OH)4[+5]: 9.089270709000842e-07 mol
+  AsHO4[-2]: 5.18764772393433e-07 mol
+  Sn(OH)3[+1]: 2.7529412304499407e-07 mol
+  AsHO2(aq): 1.3799191200174267e-07 mol
+  CdSO4(aq): 1.3270626831660606e-07 mol
+  As(OH)3(aq): 1.2058598072931233e-07 mol
+  Cr(OH)2[+1]: 2.2996170700033877e-08 mol
+  Al(OH)2[+1]: 8.465295996441381e-09 mol
+  CuOH[+1]: 3.696913283872481e-09 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 3.303153343431786e-09 mol
+  FeOH[+1]: 9.039960144871905e-10 mol
+  ZnOH[+1]: 8.081769600297208e-10 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 6.016610976482394e-10 mol
+  Sn(OH)2[+2]: 1.1808053041235535e-10 mol
+  CuH3N[+2]: 7.948753219598704e-11 mol
+  NH3(aq): 4.677683814803887e-11 mol
+  Al3(OH)4[+5]: 3.8072291072699154e-11 mol
+  OH[-1]: 1.0154188894774256e-11 mol
+  AlHO2(aq): 8.565461950061522e-12 mol
+  ZnH3N[+2]: 8.415706243287534e-12 mol
+  CdOH[+1]: 2.497333948813857e-12 mol
+  SnOH[+3]: 2.3018698991956473e-12 mol
+  CdH3N[+2]: 1.016333804992899e-12 mol
+  H2S(aq): 1.2669012222011257e-13 mol
+  Cr(OH)3(aq): 8.008529430667488e-14 mol
+  AsH2O3[-1]: 7.748541701472604e-14 mol
+  AsO2[-1]: 7.411796055574812e-14 mol
+  Ni2OH[+3]: 4.411437781847175e-14 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 4.398009722016087e-15 mol
+  AsO4[-3]: 3.278227343354714e-15 mol
+  AlO2[-1]: 3.082999209163244e-15 mol
+  NH4SO4[-1]: 2.710175835312057e-15 mol
+  Zn(OH)2(aq): 2.405071930338904e-15 mol
+  Cd2OH[+3]: 1.6958725959652193e-15 mol
+  Sn[+4]: 1.2239060453176655e-15 mol
+  HS[-1]: 1.3106721071102719e-17 mol
+  Cu(H3N)2[+2]: 1.011920091165571e-17 mol
+  Fe(OH)2(aq): 4.9895774460286616e-18 mol
+  Ni(OH)2(aq): 4.890095506079196e-18 mol
+  Ni(H3N)2[+2]: 3.942608622689396e-19 mol
+  Cd(OH)2(aq): 9.424837547929368e-20 mol
+  Zn(H3N)2[+2]: 6.348193222074095e-20 mol
+  Cr(OH)4[-1]: 3.348004664171269e-20 mol
+  Cd(H3N)2[+2]: 1.0985744974234796e-20 mol
+  S[-1]: 3.470314748544648e-21 mol
+  Cr[+2]: 2.7870385991025886e-21 mol
+  AsHO3[-2]: 1.2211220821823897e-21 mol
+  SnSO4[+2]: 9.123558012912692e-22 mol
+  Sn(SO4)2(aq): 3.737208483996355e-22 mol
+  Zn(OH)3[-1]: 7.828189822116681e-24 mol
+  CrHO4[-1]: 6.559220454352853e-25 mol
+  Cu(H3N)3[+2]: 3.1393949472212255e-25 mol
+  Fe(OH)3[-1]: 2.085917109523008e-25 mol
+  Ni(OH)3[-1]: 5.194582159590706e-26 mol
+  AsHS2(aq): 3.448778152747326e-26 mol
+  H2(aq): 1.0687387974323896e-26 mol
+  S[-2]: 2.3758689587524137e-27 mol
+  Zn(H3N)3[+2]: 4.7886126273633545e-28 mol
+  NiOH[+1]: 4.614926967436428e-28 mol
+  Sn[+2]: 4.521806595231824e-28 mol
+  CrO4[-2]: 3.1819589002418285e-28 mol
+  Cr(HO2)2(aq): 2.853236017809894e-29 mol
+  SnOH[+1]: 2.3700726141896684e-29 mol
+  Cd(OH)3[-1]: 1.1233294676278719e-29 mol
+  Sn(OH)2(aq): 1.940449162959721e-30 mol
+  CuO2[-2]: 2.9968402897155827e-32 mol
+  Zn(OH)4[-2]: 2.1515417316594378e-33 mol
+  CrO4[-3]: 1.549775682583279e-34 mol
+  Zn(H3N)4[+2]: 1.922951770153023e-36 mol
+  Sn(OH)3[-1]: 6.5356827922033105e-37 mol
+  Fe(OH)4[-2]: 3.3626794699277704e-37 mol
+  Cd(H3N)4[+2]: 6.400225116064145e-39 mol
+  Cd(OH)4[-2]: 1.6322834514583315e-40 mol
+  Al13(H6O7)4[+7]: 0.0 mol
+  AsH3(aq): 0.0 mol
+  Cr2O7[-2]: 0.0 mol
+  Ni(H3N)6[+2]: 0.0 mol
+  O2(aq): 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.000456951376015 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 2.86455202634135
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '4.804152838880656e-07'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/pw_conv.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/pw_conv.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..25b18def
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/pw_conv.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 54.46678993223503 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.9495137038908884 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.8316036534743889 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 0.05707165272305622 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.04609657589267803 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.011088725951956296 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.003143628487186068 mol
+  MgCl[+1]: 0.0023021396442650882 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 0.001943730755789315 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 0.000886022112195461 mol
+  K[+1]: 0.000646126865871585 mol
+  HCO3[-1]: 0.0004303271487800407 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.0003526926681313229 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 0.00028235650632298174 mol
+  NaHCO3(aq): 0.00022932304279879432 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 7.692147151723707e-05 mol
+  CaHCO3[+1]: 5.365518890609869e-05 mol
+  CO2(aq): 4.755975654129538e-05 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 4.521769417570844e-05 mol
+  MgHCO3[+1]: 1.6909388908139183e-05 mol
+  KCl(aq): 7.718745043095533e-06 mol
+  CaCO3(aq): 3.48845102851911e-06 mol
+  CO3[-2]: 8.791097701679777e-07 mol
+  MgCO3(aq): 5.119787188561396e-07 mol
+  NaCO3[-1]: 4.274068243358619e-07 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 2.441712092513614e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 1.6331443233903786e-07 mol
+  H[+1]: 1.0573726103456839e-07 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 2.421646188890465e-08 mol
+  HCl(aq): 1.1398386509607135e-08 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 1.0090684016999267e-08 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 7.406724858327822e-09 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 6.746673094300511e-10 mol
+  KOH(aq): 1.4899322210862996e-11 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 1.2543785793277986e-14 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 1.0596437250029984e-14 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 2.568692157970301e-19 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 3.706233914388485e-20 mol
+  S[-1]: 8.984186542119372e-21 mol
+  HS[-1]: 1.151144189862116e-21 mol
+  H2S(aq): 6.586009248818978e-22 mol
+  O2(aq): 1.2157120222751037e-24 mol
+  S[-2]: 5.359850444312462e-27 mol
+  HClO(aq): 1.8241443120615537e-27 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 8.447707016343783e-28 mol
+  H2(aq): 4.786994634092296e-35 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+volume: 0.9993511035163933 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 6.97549003989832
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '2.5839689214950314e-06'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/pw_unconv.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/pw_unconv.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8dafad40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/pw_unconv.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.20994919857071 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.13818789890580607 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.1353078182203646 mol
+  HCO3[-1]: 0.002942677216502021 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.002886861887736707 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 0.0018273468209780532 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.0004496848758843769 mol
+  NaHCO3(aq): 0.00032546737212412385 mol
+  CO2(aq): 0.00018767579479547506 mol
+  CaHCO3[+1]: 3.676206259908405e-05 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 3.0044502672130316e-05 mol
+  CO3[-2]: 8.105227008338181e-06 mol
+  CaCO3(aq): 6.356280752480782e-06 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 2.6974922149816967e-06 mol
+  NaCO3[-1]: 1.2465102979801857e-06 mol
+  OH[-1]: 3.4099311710381645e-07 mol
+  H[+1]: 4.5691590898680104e-08 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 5.2018712270363416e-09 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 4.489946146471046e-09 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 1.3442083389263348e-09 mol
+  HCl(aq): 8.557233334859357e-10 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 2.4398523846894637e-15 mol
+  S[-1]: 2.624494997330747e-21 mol
+  HS[-1]: 3.3681086256538983e-22 mol
+  H2S(aq): 9.628699657520738e-23 mol
+  O2(aq): 4.758421046123989e-23 mol
+  S[-2]: 2.3411186616179234e-27 mol
+  HClO(aq): 7.702834450012886e-28 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 7.330352692453056e-28 mol
+  H2(aq): 1.0837157608843413e-35 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0002407422198851 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.340268260765992
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '2.536872420123251e-08'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/refining.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/refining.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0d9c07ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/refining.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.322346336534586 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.03209437704429066 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.014305212179141583 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.009648983712932538 mol
+  NH4[+1]: 0.0023898195052751378 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 0.0009479212718646094 mol
+  NH3(aq): 0.00011167756100178137 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 5.4752933997811594e-05 mol
+  Fe[+2]: 2.0545199345175492e-05 mol
+  FeSO4(aq): 7.250642096519717e-06 mol
+  Zn[+2]: 5.7348030261117096e-06 mol
+  Mn[+2]: 4.236714594349508e-06 mol
+  ZnSO4(aq): 2.6832466281668686e-06 mol
+  Ni[+2]: 2.3706113467551393e-06 mol
+  MnSO4(aq): 2.327677232828125e-06 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 2.007703713789435e-06 mol
+  OH[-1]: 1.1652601943082958e-06 mol
+  NiSO4(aq): 7.245432467127433e-07 mol
+  FeOH[+1]: 3.9063964771078415e-07 mol
+  ZnOH[+1]: 3.781465247872532e-07 mol
+  CdCl[+1]: 2.9646340812651207e-07 mol
+  CuOH[+1]: 2.304353599464129e-07 mol
+  Zn(OH)2(aq): 1.3365271343247218e-07 mol
+  FeCl[+1]: 1.0583764737900217e-07 mol
+  CuH3N[+2]: 9.649936059869412e-08 mol
+  ZnHClO(aq): 9.613969689920954e-08 mol
+  Cd[+2]: 8.555482683877602e-08 mol
+  ZnH3N[+2]: 7.669371582638615e-08 mol
+  Cu[+2]: 7.429903301124922e-08 mol
+  ZnCl[+1]: 6.813072531742283e-08 mol
+  MnCl[+1]: 6.378991627345239e-08 mol
+  CuSO4(aq): 3.7900877949044176e-08 mol
+  Cu(H3N)2[+2]: 2.9345153398005984e-08 mol
+  CdCl2(aq): 1.247565107320958e-08 mol
+  H[+1]: 1.1574611920405272e-08 mol
+  MnOH[+1]: 6.547796432210225e-09 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 5.447192131147281e-09 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 4.4032163208318606e-09 mol
+  Ni(H3N)2[+2]: 3.799882825157153e-09 mol
+  CdH3N[+2]: 3.3084261333653982e-09 mol
+  Cu(H3N)3[+2]: 2.174707558265139e-09 mol
+  NiCl[+1]: 1.7846342007191876e-09 mol
+  CdHClO(aq): 1.777724309932213e-09 mol
+  CuCl[+1]: 1.4370573159453528e-09 mol
+  Zn(H3N)2[+2]: 1.3819237884475107e-09 mol
+  ZnCl2(aq): 7.724257750618681e-10 mol
+  CdOH[+1]: 4.173939296325886e-10 mol
+  Fe(OH)2(aq): 2.5607644615812264e-10 mol
+  CdSO4(aq): 1.864995654319074e-10 mol
+  Ni(OH)2(aq): 1.2031496064307814e-10 mol
+  Cd(H3N)2[+2]: 8.542388680108351e-11 mol
+  Zn(OH)3[-1]: 4.999961176639816e-11 mol
+  CdCl3[-1]: 4.542345457043161e-11 mol
+  HCl(aq): 2.6298978704802708e-11 mol
+  Zn(H3N)3[+2]: 2.490051937762656e-11 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 1.632008798689575e-11 mol
+  CuCl2(aq): 7.34500968361491e-12 mol
+  Mn2(OH)3[+1]: 6.764598806624044e-12 mol
+  ZnCl3[-1]: 6.0549337434822765e-12 mol
+  FeCl2(aq): 5.512042326810443e-12 mol
+  MnCl3[-1]: 1.919783435709934e-12 mol
+  Cd(OH)2(aq): 1.8708520451093126e-12 mol
+  Mn(OH)2(aq): 1.3264426675724247e-12 mol
+  Fe(OH)3[-1]: 1.2304344607635776e-12 mol
+  ZnCl4[-2]: 9.648302539530895e-13 mol
+  Zn(H3N)4[+2]: 2.3885362381634646e-13 mol
+  Ni(OH)3[-1]: 1.4689549777269845e-13 mol
+  Mn2OH[+3]: 6.424411542041434e-14 mol
+  NH4SO4[-1]: 5.262835738503635e-14 mol
+  Ni2OH[+3]: 1.4571211220128645e-14 mol
+  FeCl4[-2]: 4.7528461897802594e-15 mol
+  CuO2[-2]: 2.8298222070204928e-15 mol
+  Zn(OH)4[-2]: 1.5237401521484802e-15 mol
+  Cd2OH[+3]: 3.646156227525316e-16 mol
+  Cd(H3N)4[+2]: 2.8397136686383565e-16 mol
+  Mn(OH)3[-1]: 1.5016797875138413e-16 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 8.055342890916988e-17 mol
+  Cd(OH)3[-1]: 2.562880135268938e-17 mol
+  NiOH[+1]: 7.179327680469067e-19 mol
+  Fe(OH)4[-2]: 2.199392630610162e-19 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 4.253680428542117e-20 mol
+  CuCl4[-2]: 4.1131584578238106e-20 mol
+  O2(aq): 9.914083375614672e-21 mol
+  Ni(H3N)6[+2]: 2.9004537257384154e-21 mol
+  S[-1]: 2.3563011705493185e-22 mol
+  Mn(OH)4[-2]: 2.273116083699869e-22 mol
+  Cd(OH)4[-2]: 4.129263283500624e-23 mol
+  HS[-1]: 2.9709606918347824e-23 mol
+  H2S(aq): 2.500052582403957e-24 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 1.0987240447920904e-27 mol
+  S[-2]: 6.023944263126339e-28 mol
+  HClO(aq): 3.3725468045166994e-28 mol
+  H2(aq): 7.839061881124633e-37 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+  ZnClO4[+1]: 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0005383991365675 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.936727322168056
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '1.0614980994267212e-09'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/semiconductor.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/semiconductor.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0addf211
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/semiconductor.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.34446603833366 mol
+  F[-1]: 0.00470269741393121 mol
+  SiO2(aq): 0.0031064274632715584 mol
+  NH4[+1]: 0.0015957987311308087 mol
+  K[+1]: 0.0009105334590984134 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.000862011254863002 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.00026646826230241943 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.00022391144261905442 mol
+  MgF[+1]: 1.665618719088912e-05 mol
+  CaF[+1]: 1.3324235662209676e-05 mol
+  NH3(aq): 1.1789345210876847e-05 mol
+  SiHO3[-1]: 5.389366457793729e-06 mol
+  HF(aq): 4.209488830496722e-07 mol
+  Sn(OH)4(aq): 2.9793542240343364e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 1.4605161681461096e-07 mol
+  H[+1]: 7.676599238681739e-08 mol
+  Sb(OH)3(aq): 4.0948135508176157e-08 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 1.3460529554180663e-09 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 7.462158773105251e-10 mol
+  Si2H7O8[-1]: 5.861769285951009e-10 mol
+  HF2[-1]: 4.260268583906821e-10 mol
+  SbH2O2F(aq): 1.154400984105125e-10 mol
+  KOH(aq): 4.056320990854768e-11 mol
+  Si(HO2)2[-2]: 9.287260492682963e-12 mol
+  Sb(OH)4[-1]: 7.185586844334904e-13 mol
+  Sb(OH)2[+1]: 9.848935387973811e-14 mol
+  Sn(OH)3[+1]: 1.0169019439128385e-14 mol
+  SbH4NO2(aq): 1.2746513650483073e-15 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 1.2688846487240492e-15 mol
+  SiH3O4[-1]: 1.5609036471366015e-17 mol
+  SiF6[-2]: 8.936480079562174e-20 mol
+  S[-1]: 1.2786893043268e-21 mol
+  HS[-1]: 5.510649698627558e-22 mol
+  H2S(aq): 3.704283087818679e-22 mol
+  Sn(OH)2[+2]: 1.8500200114092635e-22 mol
+  O2(aq): 3.851309428359992e-24 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 1.8496370970347685e-26 mol
+  S[-2]: 1.1632903972971836e-27 mol
+  SnOH[+3]: 1.2417579080100783e-28 mol
+  H2(aq): 4.038634971693468e-35 mol
+  Sn[+4]: 3.3572558984008354e-36 mol
+  SbH4S2N(aq): 0.0 mol
+  Sb2HS4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  SbS2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  Sn(OH)2(aq): 0.0 mol
+  Sn(OH)3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  Sn[+2]: 0.0 mol
+  SnF[+1]: 0.0 mol
+  SnF2(aq): 0.0 mol
+  SnF3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  SnOH[+1]: 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0003142088673442 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.114967569140219
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '2.2559888817032374e-09'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/smelting.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/smelting.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..70122d9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/smelting.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.3405826618702 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.0034593625495670938 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.003429668635906457 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 0.0006959153617361026 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.00047928703834201067 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.00024156474164706865 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.00019154583034791396 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 8.735827999358574e-05 mol
+  Na[+1]: 6.432374498025208e-05 mol
+  HCO3[-1]: 6.21629925045423e-05 mol
+  Fe[+2]: 1.733450779246081e-05 mol
+  K[+1]: 1.2571758471300457e-05 mol
+  CO2(aq): 3.946670205372558e-06 mol
+  FeSO4(aq): 3.6144082326809055e-06 mol
+  Zn[+2]: 2.5741719178845e-06 mol
+  CaHCO3[+1]: 1.6749353980017617e-06 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 8.931547237146958e-07 mol
+  ZnSO4(aq): 7.116053660183001e-07 mol
+  CaCO3(aq): 4.126254624226388e-07 mol
+  FeHCO3[+1]: 3.5508227523449315e-07 mol
+  OH[-1]: 3.504069074804836e-07 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 2.2992690737240772e-07 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 2.122865546701965e-07 mol
+  CO3[-2]: 1.281652927872121e-07 mol
+  FeOH[+1]: 1.248975459451939e-07 mol
+  MgHCO3[+1]: 1.1272002292405411e-07 mol
+  ZnOH[+1]: 6.432141451000264e-08 mol
+  MgCl[+1]: 5.815300720387061e-08 mol
+  FeCO3(aq): 4.838803955219721e-08 mol
+  H[+1]: 3.4460686765760056e-08 mol
+  MgCO3(aq): 1.2931893682639172e-08 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 1.1654648706013775e-08 mol
+  Zn(OH)2(aq): 7.820287172411985e-09 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 7.45432425905056e-09 mol
+  NaHCO3(aq): 4.47437570565803e-09 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 4.219612405781402e-09 mol
+  FeCl[+1]: 3.7830791400430874e-09 mol
+  ZnHCO3[+1]: 2.589897609144045e-09 mol
+  ZnCl[+1]: 1.2955857092019456e-09 mol
+  ZnCO3(aq): 1.0628306267649337e-09 mol
+  ZnHClO(aq): 6.288909325909024e-10 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 5.926940749616671e-10 mol
+  KCl(aq): 1.5685484645977958e-10 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 1.0094043917690411e-10 mol
+  Fe(OH)2(aq): 2.8164151227901615e-11 mol
+  NaCO3[-1]: 1.7676037160477867e-11 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 3.035341241062197e-12 mol
+  HCl(aq): 2.943643444396536e-12 mol
+  KOH(aq): 1.2318350665735865e-12 mol
+  Zn(OH)3[-1]: 8.822563273610327e-13 mol
+  ZnCl2(aq): 5.648810493836223e-13 mol
+  Fe(OH)3[-1]: 4.081020233930469e-14 mol
+  FeCl2(aq): 7.57695842718734e-15 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 5.145149076590744e-15 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 1.1135946383558975e-15 mol
+  ZnCl3[-1]: 1.492864996586971e-16 mol
+  Zn(OH)4[-2]: 7.050071179517139e-18 mol
+  ZnCl4[-2]: 6.973393248883729e-19 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 1.9319360117493938e-19 mol
+  FeCl4[-2]: 6.456975171848327e-21 mol
+  Fe(OH)4[-2]: 1.9127907727808593e-21 mol
+  S[-1]: 1.2399635197827565e-21 mol
+  HS[-1]: 2.2644069962965353e-22 mol
+  O2(aq): 1.0728647515548413e-22 mol
+  H2S(aq): 6.344182019272939e-23 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 7.590425461285462e-25 mol
+  S[-2]: 1.2346723911116545e-27 mol
+  HClO(aq): 3.912564064636832e-30 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 3.840606501515435e-30 mol
+  H2(aq): 7.625363592745176e-36 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+  ZnClO4[+1]: 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.0002239078012376 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.462773302800523
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '-4.1333972291778626e-08'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/presets/tanning.yaml b/src/pyEQL/presets/tanning.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bad3b631
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pyEQL/presets/tanning.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+'@module': pyEQL.solution
+'@class': Solution
+'@version': 1.3.2.post1.dev89+g8391a3291
+solutes:
+  H2O(aq): 55.31223111560269 mol
+  Cl[-1]: 0.05417403973028091 mol
+  Na[+1]: 0.037964899747061055 mol
+  K[+1]: 0.01486764110307092 mol
+  NH4[+1]: 0.0008821953643728043 mol
+  Mg[+2]: 0.0008694416182182275 mol
+  SO4[-2]: 0.0007543599568116052 mol
+  S[-0.4]: 0.000547729170958493 mol
+  NaCl(aq): 0.00023015886684462427 mol
+  Ca[+2]: 0.0001445777041031674 mol
+  NaSO4[-1]: 8.052087714911585e-05 mol
+  KSO4[-1]: 3.799381462422835e-05 mol
+  MgSO4(aq): 3.737679986989451e-05 mol
+  NH3(aq): 2.8996449511391354e-05 mol
+  Mn[+2]: 1.995533120149679e-05 mol
+  MgCl[+1]: 1.7882208383936672e-05 mol
+  KCl(aq): 1.6984849584964678e-05 mol
+  CaSO4(aq): 3.1546490239924146e-06 mol
+  MnCl[+1]: 1.0386922432539966e-06 mol
+  OH[-1]: 8.573722469766053e-07 mol
+  CaCl[+1]: 7.490923392776199e-07 mol
+  MnSO4(aq): 7.354652669070112e-07 mol
+  CaCl2(aq): 3.039169779160785e-08 mol
+  MnOH[+1]: 2.117202064388823e-08 mol
+  H[+1]: 1.6244014394214915e-08 mol
+  NaOH(aq): 3.675552411245367e-09 mol
+  KOH(aq): 2.9612581787557602e-09 mol
+  S[-0.5]: 1.4749845043241998e-09 mol
+  CaOH[+1]: 8.429555849849175e-10 mol
+  HSO4[-1]: 5.53740126646001e-10 mol
+  MnCl3[-1]: 4.1118864118361723e-10 mol
+  HCl(aq): 1.3229891170757787e-10 mol
+  Mn2(OH)3[+1]: 4.992399694420694e-11 mol
+  Mn(OH)2(aq): 3.0269777766215333e-12 mol
+  Mn2OH[+3]: 1.0644155824116072e-12 mol
+  KHSO4(aq): 3.7719002306113494e-13 mol
+  S[-0.66666667]: 2.4118356302601294e-15 mol
+  NH4SO4[-1]: 1.3893492615102296e-15 mol
+  Mn(OH)3[-1]: 2.5186223606641363e-16 mol
+  H2SO4(aq): 5.8784425292112586e-21 mol
+  MgOH[+1]: 4.0941316517540455e-21 mol
+  O2(aq): 2.662550165199806e-21 mol
+  S[-1]: 2.337185520668966e-21 mol
+  Mn(OH)4[-2]: 2.9295449920077475e-22 mol
+  HS[-1]: 1.271028267862513e-22 mol
+  H2S(aq): 1.4521470879270814e-23 mol
+  ClO[-1]: 2.1107237405251818e-27 mol
+  S[-2]: 1.9615045211594313e-27 mol
+  HClO(aq): 8.80774773487316e-28 mol
+  H2(aq): 1.5033840225420848e-36 mol
+  ClO2[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO3[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  ClO4[-1]: 0.0 mol
+  HClO2(aq): 0.0 mol
+volume: 1.000581237864823 l
+temperature: 298.15 K
+pressure: 1 atm
+pH: 7.789558989408271
+pE: 8.5
+charge_balance: '2.6100206576438127e-07'
+solvent: H2O(aq)
+engine: native
diff --git a/src/pyEQL/solution.py b/src/pyEQL/solution.py
index 49865c13..b2c5d17b 100644
--- a/src/pyEQL/solution.py
+++ b/src/pyEQL/solution.py
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ def __init__(
         # per-instance cache of get_property and other calls that do not depend
         # on composition
         # see https://rednafi.com/python/lru_cache_on_methods/
-        self.get_property = lru_cache()(self._get_property)
+        self.get_property = lru_cache(maxsize=8192)(self._get_property)
         self.get_molar_conductivity = lru_cache()(self._get_molar_conductivity)
         self.get_mobility = lru_cache()(self._get_mobility)
         self.default_diffusion_coeff = default_diffusion_coeff
@@ -2427,7 +2427,37 @@ def from_dict(cls, d: dict) -> Solution:
 
     @classmethod
     def from_preset(
-        cls, preset: Literal["seawater", "rainwater", "wastewater", "urine", "normal saline", "Ringers lactate"]
+        cls,
+        preset: Literal[
+            "seawater",
+            "rainwater",
+            "wastewater",
+            "urine",
+            "normal saline",
+            "Ringers lactate",
+            "ash",
+            "batt_mfg",
+            "batt_recycling",
+            "coal_washing",
+            "CRL",
+            "drilling",
+            "excavation",
+            "FGD",
+            "flotation",
+            # "flue_gas",
+            "gasification",
+            "geothermal",
+            # "leachate",
+            "mine_drainage",
+            "mine_tailings",
+            # "plating",
+            "pw_conv",
+            "pw_unconv",
+            "refining",
+            "semiconductor",
+            "smelting",
+            "tanning",
+        ],
     ) -> Solution:
         r"""Instantiate a solution from a preset composition.
 
@@ -2451,6 +2481,28 @@ def from_preset(
             - 'urine' - typical human urine. See Table 3-15 of [me13]_
             - 'normal saline' or 'NS' - normal saline solution used in medicine [saline]_
             - 'Ringers lacatate' or 'RL' - Ringer's lactate solution used in medicine [lactate]_
+            - 'ash' - bottom ash transport wastewater from fossil fuel combustion [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'batt_mfg' - wastewater from lead-acid and legacy battery manufacturing processes [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'batt_recycling' - wastewater from lithium ion battery recycling operations [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'coal_washing' - wastewater generated from coal preparation and washing [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'CRL' - combustion residual leachate (CRL) from fossil fuel combustion landfills [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'drilling' - oil and gas drilling wastewater from drilling fluids and cuttings [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'excavation' - wastewater from excavation in metal ore mining operations [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'FGD' - flue gas desulfurization wastewater from SO2 removal from fossil fuel combustion [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'flotation' - milling and flotation wastewater from metal ore extraction [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'flue_gas' - wastewater from waste gas treatment during pyrometallurgical processing in metal ore and mining operations [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'gasification' - wastewater from gasification of carbon-based feedstocks to syngas [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'geothermal' - geothermal produced water from geothermal power generation [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'leachate' - leachate from metal ore mining wastes [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'mine_drainage' - acid mine drainage wastewater from coal and metal ore mining operations [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'mine_tailings' - mine tailings pond water from collective metal ore and mining wastes [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'plating' - typical wastewater from metal electroplating operations [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'pw_conv' - produced water from conventional hydrocarbon production [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'pw_unconv' - produced water from unconventional hydrocarbon production [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'refining' - petroleum refining wastewater from crude oil refineries [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'semiconductor' - semiconductor and electronics manufacturing wastewater  [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'smelting' - wastewater from metal ore smelting and refining from pyrometallurgical slags [kwptr2026]_
+            - 'tanning' - wastewater from leather tanning and finishing operations [kwptr2026]_
 
         References:
             .. [mf08] Millero, Frank J. "The composition of Standard Seawater and the definition of
@@ -2462,6 +2514,8 @@ def from_preset(
             .. [saline] https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saline_(medicine)&oldid=1298292693
 
             .. [lactate] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringer%27s_lactate_solution
+
+            .. [kwptr2026] Ryan S. Kingsbury, Monong Wang, Jaebeom Park et al. Composition and Critical Mineral Content of Major Industrial Wastewaters: Implications for Treatment and Resource Recovery Technologies, 05 February 2026, PREPRINT (Version 2) available at Research Square [https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8743330/v2]
         """
         # preset_dir = files("pyEQL") / "presets"
         # Path to the YAML and JSON files corresponding to the preset
diff --git a/tests/test_solution.py b/tests/test_solution.py
index e64eb2ed..57fe5455 100644
--- a/tests/test_solution.py
+++ b/tests/test_solution.py
@@ -832,10 +832,37 @@ def test_serialization(s1, s2, tmp_path):
     # assert s2_new.database != s2.database
 
 
-def test_from_preset(tmp_path):
-    preset_name = "seawater"
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "preset_name",
+    [
+        "seawater",
+        "ash",
+        "batt_mfg",
+        "batt_recycling",
+        "coal_washing",
+        "CRL",
+        "drilling",
+        "excavation",
+        "FGD",
+        "flotation",
+        # "flue_gas",
+        "gasification",
+        "geothermal",
+        # "leachate",
+        "mine_drainage",
+        "mine_tailings",
+        # "plating",
+        "pw_conv",
+        "pw_unconv",
+        "refining",
+        "semiconductor",
+        "smelting",
+        "tanning",
+    ],
+)
+def test_from_preset(preset_name, tmp_path):
     solution = Solution.from_preset(preset_name)
-    preset_path = files("pyEQL") / "presets" / "seawater.yaml"
+    preset_path = files("pyEQL") / "presets" / f"{preset_name}.yaml"
 
     with open(str(preset_path)) as file:
         data = yaml.load(file, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
@@ -843,8 +870,7 @@ def test_from_preset(tmp_path):
     assert solution.temperature.to("degC") == ureg.Quantity(data["temperature"])
     assert solution.pressure == ureg.Quantity(data["pressure"])
     assert np.isclose(solution.pH, data["pH"], atol=0.01)
-    for solute in solution._solutes:
-        assert solute in data["solutes"]
+    assert set(solution._solutes) == set(data["solutes"])
     # test invalid preset
     with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError):
         Solution.from_preset("nonexistent_preset")
@@ -855,7 +881,7 @@ def test_from_preset(tmp_path):
     assert isinstance(solution_json, Solution)
     assert solution_json.temperature.to("degC") == ureg.Quantity(data["temperature"])
     assert solution_json.pressure == ureg.Quantity(data["pressure"])
-    assert np.isclose(solution_json.pH, data["pH"], atol=0.01)
+    assert np.isclose(solution_json.pH, data["pH"], atol=0.001)
 
 
 def test_to_from_file(tmp_path):