[DOCS] Add a class diagram (#482)

This diagram aims to provide an overview of which classes we have
and how their are interconnected. Hence, it does not contain
any methods or properties.

As the Mermaid render on GitHub does not support namespace, the
classes are not grouped into namespaces in the diagram.

Fixes #422

Author: oliverklee

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ This project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/).
 
 ### Added
 
+- Add a class diagram to the README (#482)
 - Add support for the `dvh`, `lvh` and `svh` length units (#415)
 - Add more tests (#449)
 

README.md

@@ -615,6 +615,217 @@ class Sabberworm\CSS\CSSList\Document#4 (2) {
 #header {margin: 10px 2em 1cm 2%;font-family: Verdana,Helvetica,"Gill Sans",sans-serif;color: red !important;}
 ```
 
+## Class diagram
+
+```mermaid
+classDiagram
+    direction LR
+
+    %% top namespace
+
+    class OutputFormat {
+    }
+    
+    class OutputFormatter {
+    }
+    
+    OutputFormatter --> "1" OutputFormat : oFormat
+    OutputFormat --> "1" OutputFormatter : oFormatter 
+    OutputFormat --> "1" OutputFormat : oNextLevelFormat
+
+    class Parser {
+    }
+    
+    class ParserState {
+    }
+
+    Parser --> "1" ParserState : oParserState
+
+    class Renderable {
+        <<interface>>
+    }
+    
+    class Settings {
+    }
+
+
+    %% namespace Comment
+
+    class Comment {
+    }
+    class Commentable {
+        <<interface>>
+    }
+
+    Comment ..|> Renderable
+
+
+    %% namespace CSSList
+
+    class AtRuleBlockList {
+    }
+    class CSSBlockList {
+        <<abstruct>>
+    }
+    class CSSList {
+        <<abstruct>>
+    }
+    class Document {
+    }
+    class KeyFrame {
+    }
+
+    AtRuleBlockList --|> CSSBlockList
+    AtRuleBlockList ..|> AtRule
+    CSSBlockList --|> CSSList
+    CSSList ..|> Renderable
+    CSSList ..|> Commentable
+    Document --|> CSSBlockList
+    KeyFrame --|> CSSList
+    KeyFrame ..|> AtRule
+
+    CSSList --> "*" Comment : aComments
+    CSSList --> "*" RuleSet : aContents
+    CSSList --> "*" CSSList : aContents
+    CSSList --> "*" Import : aContents
+    CSSList --> "*" Charset : aContents
+
+    %% namespace Parsing
+
+    class Anchor {
+    }
+    class OutputException {
+    }
+    class ParserState {
+    }
+    class SourceException {
+    }
+    class UnexpectedEOFException {
+    }
+    class UnexpectedTokenException {
+    }
+
+    OutputException --|> SourceException
+    UnexpectedEOFException --|> UnexpectedTokenException
+    UnexpectedTokenException --|> SourceException
+
+    Anchor --> "1" ParserState : oParserState
+    ParserState --> "1" Settings : oParserSettings
+
+    %% namespace Property
+
+    class AtRule {
+        <<interface>>
+    }
+    class Charset {
+    }
+    class CSSNamespace {
+    }
+    class Import {
+    }
+    class KeyframeSelector {
+    }
+    class Selector {
+    }
+
+    AtRule --|> Renderable
+    AtRule --|> Commentable
+    Charset ..|> AtRule
+    CSSNamespace ..|> AtRule
+    Import ..|> AtRule
+    KeyframeSelector --|> Selector
+
+    Charset --> "1" CSSString : oCharset
+    Charset --> "*" Comment : aComments
+    CSSNamespace --> "*" Comment : aComments
+    Import --> "*" Comment : aComments
+
+
+    %% namespace Rule
+
+    class Rule {
+    }
+
+    Rule ..|> Renderable
+    Rule ..|> Commentable
+
+    Rule --> "1" RuleValueList : mValue
+    Rule --> "*" Comment : aComments
+
+
+    %% namespace RuleSet
+
+    class AtRuleSet {
+    }
+    class DeclarationBlock {
+    }
+    class RuleSet {
+        <<abstruct>>
+    }
+
+    AtRuleSet --|> RuleSet
+    AtRuleSet ..|> AtRule
+    DeclarationBlock --|> RuleSet
+    RuleSet ..|> Renderable
+    RuleSet ..|> Commentable
+
+    DeclarationBlock --> "*" Selector : aSelectors
+    RuleSet --> "*" Rule : aRules
+    RuleSet --> "*" Comment : aComments
+
+
+    %% namespace Value
+
+    class CalcFunction {
+    }
+    class CalcRuleValueList {
+    }
+    class Color {
+    }
+    class CSSFunction {
+    }
+    class CSSString {
+    }
+    class LineName {
+    }
+    class PrimitiveValue {
+        <<abstruct>>
+    }
+    class RuleValueList {
+    }
+    class Size {
+    }
+    class URL {
+    }
+    class Value {
+        <<abstruct>>
+    }
+    class ValueList {
+        <<abstruct>>
+    }
+
+    CalcFunction --|> CSSFunction
+    CalcRuleValueList --|> RuleValueList
+    Color --|> CSSFunction
+    CSSFunction --|> ValueList
+    CSSString --|> PrimitiveValue
+    LineName --|> ValueList
+    PrimitiveValue --|> Value
+    RuleValueList --|> ValueList
+    Size --|> PrimitiveValue
+    URL --|> PrimitiveValue
+    Value ..|> Renderable
+    ValueList --|> Value
+
+    URL --> "1" CSSString : oURL
+    ValueList --> "*" RuleValueList : aComponents
+    ValueList --> "*" CSSFunction : aComponents
+    ValueList --> "*" CSSString : aComponents
+    ValueList --> "*" LineName : aComponents
+    ValueList --> "*" Size : aComponents
+    ValueList --> "*" URL : aComponents
+```
+
 ## Contributors/Thanks to
 
 * [oliverklee](https://github.com/oliverklee) for lots of refactorings, code modernizations and CI integrations