web_mkl.sql

/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer

Source Server         : MySQL
Source Server Version : 50727
Source Host           : localhost:3306
Source Database       : web_mkl

Target Server Type    : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50727
File Encoding         : 65001

Date: 2021-01-22 10:47:37
*/

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `admin`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `admin`;
CREATE TABLE `admin` (
  `aid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '管理员编号',
  `uname` varchar(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '登录名',
  `apassword` varchar(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',
  PRIMARY KEY (`aid`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uname` (`uname`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of admin
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `admin` VALUES ('1', 'admin001', '123567');
INSERT INTO `admin` VALUES ('2', 'admin002', '88888888');
INSERT INTO `admin` VALUES ('3', 'admin003', 'h003003');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `knowledge`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `knowledge`;
CREATE TABLE `knowledge` (
  `kid` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '知识点编号',
  `title` text NOT NULL COMMENT '标题',
  `content` text NOT NULL COMMENT '内容',
  `attention` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '关注度',
  `share` enum('0','1') NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '分享次数 0:未分享 1：已分享',
  `tid` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '分享编号',
  `wid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '关键词编号',
  `uid` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户编号',
  PRIMARY KEY (`kid`),
  KEY `FK_cid` (`tid`),
  KEY `FK_uid` (`uid`),
  KEY `FK_wid` (`wid`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_cid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `type` (`tid`) ON UPDATE CASCADE,
  CONSTRAINT `FK_uid` FOREIGN KEY (`uid`) REFERENCES `user` (`uid`) ON UPDATE CASCADE,
  CONSTRAINT `FK_wid` FOREIGN KEY (`wid`) REFERENCES `words` (`wid`) ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=51 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of knowledge
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('1', 'C语言基础知识笔记', '1、Hello world\n简单来说，一个C程序就是由若千头文件和函数组成。\n#include<stdio.h> //包含头文件\n/*\n*主函数\n*/\nint main(){\nprintf(\"Hello World\");\nreturn 0;\n#include <stdio.h> 就是一条预处理命令 ，它的作用是通知C语言编译系统在对C程序进行正式编译之前需做一些预处理工作。\n函数就是实现代码逻辑的一个小的单元。\n注:在最新的C标准中，main函数前的类型为int而不是void。\n2、主函数\n一个C程序有只有一个生函数,即main函数。函数就是C语言中的唯一入口。\n3、编写规范\n1.-个说明或一个语询占- 行,例如:包含头文件、一个可执行语句结束都需要换行;\n2.函数体内的语句要有明显缩进，通常以按一下Tab键为一 个缩进;\n3.括号要成对写，如果需要删除的话也要成对删除;\n4.当-可执行语句结束的时候未尾要有分号;\n5.代码中所有符号均为英文半角符号。\n4、注释\n#include<stdio.h> //包含头文件\n/*\n*主函数\nint main(){\nprintf(\"He1lo World\");\nreturn 0\n}如上面两种注释//和/**/.\n5、标识符\n编程时给变量或者函数起的名字就是标识符，就好比我们慕课网的每一位童鞋都有姓名， 姓名就是这位童鞋的标识符。C语言的标识符是不可随便起名字的，必须遵守-定的规则。\nC语言规定,标识符可以是字母(A~Z, a~z)、 数字(0~9)、下划线组成的字符串,姐第一个字符必须是字母或下划线。在使用标识符时还有注意以下几点: \n1.标识符的长度最好不要超过8位,因为在某些版本的C中规定标识符前8位有效,当两个标识符前8位相同时，则被认为铜一个标识符。\n2.标识符是严格区分大小写的。例如lmooc和imooc 两个不同的标识符。\n3.标识符最好选择有意义的英文单铜组成做到\"见名知意\"，不要使用中文。\n4.标识符不能是C语言的关键字。\n6、基本数据类型\n在我们玩游戏的时候，游戏中的色是有类型的,有敏捷型、型、法沭型等等。同样C语言中的数据也是有类型的，C语言中，数据类型可分为:基本数据类型，构造数据类型,指针类型，空类型四大类。\n这里我们先给大家讲解基本数据类型中最简单也是最常用的整型、实型与字符型。整型数据是指不带小数的数字。生活种有很多信息适给使用整型数据来表示，比如:人的年龄、班级的人数、书的总页数等等。因此整型的类型比较多:\n注: int、 short int. long int是根据编译环境的不同，所取范围不同。其中short int和long int是表中所写范围，但是int在表中是以16位编译环境写的取值范围。外\nc语言int的取值范围在于他占用的字节数，不同的编译器，规定是不一样。ANSI标准定义int是占2个字节，TC是按ANSI标准的，它的int是占2个字节的。但是在VC里，一个int是占4个字节的。\n浮点数据是指带小数的数字。生活种有很多信息适合使用浮点型数据来表示，比如:人的体重(单位:公斤)、商品价格、圆周等等。因为精度的不同又分为3种: \n注: C语言中不存在字符串变量，字符串只能存在字符数组中,这个后面会讲。\n6、格式化输出语句\n格式化输出询,可以说是占位输出，是将各种类型的数据按照格式化后的类型及指定的位置从计算机上显示。这样做的好处，有利于计算机能够准确的将我们所要类型数据给我们。\n其格式为: printf(\"输出格式符\" ，输出项);\nC语言中的常用格式化符: \n%d 带符号t进制整数int a=10; prit(\"%d\", a);输出结果为10\n%C单个字符 char x=\'a\' ; printf(\"%c\", x);输出结果为a\n%S字符串 pritf\"%s\",\"慕课网\"):输出结果为慕课网\n%f 6位小数 float a=1.23:printf(\"%f:a):输出结果为1230000\n当输出语句中包含普通字符时，可以采用一下格式: .\nprintf(\"普通字符输出格式符\",输出项);\n如果要输多个变量的并指定变的位置时候，格式符还可以连用，鰻之间要用逗号隔开，如:\ninta=10;\nfloat b = 7.56;\nchar x =\'c\';\nprintf(\"整数: %d,小数: %f,字符: %C\"，a, b, x);\n输出结果为:\n整数: 10,小数: 7.560000, 字符: c\n注意:格式符的个数要与量、常量或者表达式的个数一对应。\n7、自动类型转换\n有这么一个词叫“狸猫换太子”，变量的数据类型就存在这样的情况。数据类型存在自动转换的情况，比如:\ncharC=a\';\nint x;\ndouble d;\nx=c;11字符类型可以自动转换为整型\nd=x; //整型可以自动转换为浮点类型\n自动转换发生在不同数据类型运算时，在编译的时候自动完成。自动转换遵循的规则就好比小\n舒可以放进大好面-样，下图标了类型自动转换的规则。\nchar类型数据转换为int类型数据遵循ASCII码中的对应值, ASCII码请查看WIKI。\n8、强制类型转换\n强制类型转换是通过定义类型转换运算来实现的。其般形式为:\n(数据类型) (表达式)\n期用是把表达式的运算结果强制转换成类型说明符所表示的类型，例如:\ndouble tempOne = 6.777;\nint tempTwo = (int)tempOne;/ /强制转换为int类型\nprintf(\"%f\\n\", tempOne);\nprintf( \"%d\\n\", tempTwo);\n输入结果:\n6.77 7000\n6\n在使用强制转换时应注意以下问题:\n1、数据类型和表达式都必须加括号,如把(int)(x/2 +y)写成(int)x/2+y则成了把x转换成int型之后\n再除2再与y相加了。\n2、转换后不会改变原数据的类型及变量值,在本次运算中临时性转换。\n3、强制转换后的运算结果不遵循四舍五入原则', '106', '1', '1', '1', '1');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('2', 'C语言入门基础知识点', 'c语言入门基础知识点有：1、c语言的命名；2、变量及赋值；3、基本数据类型；4、格式化输出语句；5、强制类型转换；6、常量；7、自动类型转换。C语言是一种通用的、面向过程式的计算机程序设计语言。', '314', '1', '1', '1', '1');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('3', 'Java基础知识入门大全', '一、基础知识：\n1、JVM、JRE和JDK的区别：\n    JVM(Java Virtual Machine):java虚拟机，用于保证java的跨平台的特性。\n                  java语言是跨平台，jvm不是跨平台的。\n    JRE(Java Runtime Environment):java的运行环境,包括jvm+java的核心类库。    \n    JDK(Java Development Kit):java的开发工具,包括jre+开发工具', '209', '1', '1', '1', '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('4', 'Java 教程', 'Java 语言是简单的：\n\nJava 语言的语法与 C 语言和 C++ 语言很接近，使得大多数程序员很容易学习和使用。另一方面，Java 丢弃了 C++ 中很少使用的、很难理解的、令人迷惑的那些特性，如操作符重载、多继承、自动的强制类型转换。特别地，Java 语言不使用指针，而是引用。并提供了自动分配和回收内存空间，使得程序员不必为内存管理而担忧。', '346', '1', '1', '2', '5');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('5', 'C 语言教程', '所有的 C 语言程序都需要包含 main() 函数。 代码从 main() 函数开始执行。\n/* ... */ 用于注释说明。\nprintf() 用于格式化输出到屏幕。printf() 函数在 \"stdio.h\" 头文件中声明。\nstdio.h 是一个头文件 (标准输入输出头文件) , #include 是一个预处理命令，用来引入头文件。 当编译器遇到 printf() 函数时，如果没有找到 stdio.h 头文件，会发生编译错误。\nreturn 0; 语句用于表示退出程序。', '504', '1', '1', '2', '6');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('6', '数据结构与算法', '栈（Stack）：栈是一种特殊的线性表，它只能在一个表的一个固定端进行数据结点的插入和删除操作。\n队列（Queue）：队列和栈类似，也是一种特殊的线性表。和栈不同的是，队列只允许在表的一端进行插入操作，而在另一端进行删除操作。\n数组（Array）：数组是一种聚合数据类型，它是将具有相同类型的若干变量有序地组织在一起的集合。\n链表（Linked List）：链表是一种数据元素按照链式存储结构进行存储的数据结构，这种存储结构具有在物理上存在非连续的特点。\n树（Tree）：树是典型的非线性结构，它是包括，2 个结点的有穷集合 K。\n图（Graph）：图是另一种非线性数据结构。在图结构中，数据结点一般称为顶点，而边是顶点的有序偶对。\n堆（Heap）：堆是一种特殊的树形数据结构，一般讨论的堆都是二叉堆。\n散列表（Hash table）：散列表源自于散列函数(Hash function)，其思想是如果在结构中存在关键字和T相等的记录，那么必定在F(T)的存储位置可以找到该记录，这样就可以不用进行比较操作而直接取得所查记录。', '605', '1', '1', '2', '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('7', 'C语言数据结构基础学习笔记——图', '常用概念：\n\n①V(G)表示图G中顶点的有限非空集，V永不为空；\n\n②用|V|表示图G中顶点的个数，也称为图G的阶；\n\n③E(G)表示图G中顶点之间关系（边）的集合；\n\n④用|E|表示图G中边的条数。', '302', '1', '1', '1', '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('8', '数据库基础知识汇总（一）', '数据库语言四大类\nDQL（Data Query Language）：数据库查询语言。\n\nDDL（Data Definition Language）：数据库定义语言。定义关系模式、删除关系、修改关系模式。\n\n关系、属性\nDML（Data Manipulation Language）：数据库操纵语言。插入元组、删除元组、修改元组。\n\n元组\nDCL（Data Control Language）：数据库控制语言。用来授权或回收访问数据库的某种特权，并控制数据库操纵事务发生的时间及效果。', '856', '1', '1', '1', '5');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('9', '数据库知识大汇总', '一、数据模型\n\n两大数据模型\n\n1.     概念模型：按用户的观点来对数据来对数据和信息建模，主要用于数据库设计。\n\n2.     逻辑模型：主要包括层次模型、网状模型、关系模型，它是按照计算机系统的观点对数据建模，主要用于DBMS的实现。\n\n数据模型的组成要素：数据结构、数据操作、完整性约束\n\n1.     数据结构：数据库组成对象以及对象之间联系的描述。\n\n2.     数据操作：对数据库中各种对象的实例允许执行的操作的集合。\n\n3.     完整性约束：数据模型要满足的约束条件。包括实体完整性、参照完整性、用户定义完整性。', '289', '1', '1', '1', '5');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('10', 'SQL Server基础教程', '图形化管理工具\n\n     1）安装好sql server之后，自带就安装好了sql server management studio（下文简称：管理工具）\n\n     2）打开 管理工具，选择要连接的sql server数据库服务器，输入用户名、密码，进入数据库管理界面\n\n     3）sql server是以数据库为单位分隔的（不同用户可以看到同一个数据库），oracle数据库是以用户为单位分隔的（不同用户就是不同的数据库）', '515', '1', '1', '2', '4');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('11', 'HTML5教程', 'HTML5 是下一代 HTML 标准。\n\nHTML , HTML 4.01的上一个版本诞生于 1999 年。自从那以后，Web 世界已经经历了巨变。\n\nHTML5 仍处于完善之中。然而，大部分现代浏览器已经具备了某些 HTML5 支持。', '51', '1', '1', '2', '1');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('12', 'HTML及HTML5知识笔记', 'html标签知识\nimg标签为内联元素，但是其自带width和height属性，所以其可以设置宽高；\na标签上的name属性可以实现文档内的链接跳转；但是要保证为a标签的name属性和href属性配合；', '82', '1', '1', '1', '2');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('13', 'CSS教程', 'CSS 概述\nCSS 指层叠样式表 (Cascading Style Sheets)\n样式定义如何显示 HTML 元素\n样式通常存储在样式表中\n把样式添加到 HTML 4.0 中，是为了解决内容与表现分离的问题\n外部样式表可以极大提高工作效率\n外部样式表通常存储在 CSS 文件中\n多个样式定义可层叠为一', '97', '1', '1', '2', '4');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('14', 'Java小白入门看什么书号？', 'Java 基础和进阶疯狂Java讲义Java 核心基础卷1/2Java编程思想Java 8实战jls11Effective Java  --(编写代码过程中的一些最佳实践，注意事项。现在已经出第二版了，增加了lambada的内容)JAVA网络编程 第4版  --(BIO socket编程，现在基本不用了)Java性能优化权威指南Java 并发编程', '4', '1', '1', '5', '4');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('15', 'web前端入门必读书籍', '一、《Web前端开发最佳实践》\n\n这本书是前端开发领域的经典之作，是一本扎实前端基本功，规范我们前端代码的实践性书籍。\n本书主要内容和特色：\n以W3C Web规范为基础展开讨论，介绍Web前端开发中的*实践方法及编码风格，为Web前端开发人员快速成长提供一条捷径。\n介绍近年来涌现出来并已经得到广泛应用的大量工具和技术方案，为开发人员从事Web前端开发打下坚实的基础。\n循序渐进地介绍Web前端开发中的HTML、CSS、编码实践方法，同时介绍Web移动端开发的实践，让读者对Web前端开发有一个全面的理解和认知。', '5', '1', '1', '5', '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('16', 'Python练习100题（001-003）', '001题\n题目描述\n有1、2、3、4四个数字，能组成多少个互不相同且无重复的三位数\n\n解题思路\n依次循环百位、十位、各位数字，并且去掉重复的。002题\n题目描述\n一个整数，它加上100是一个完全平方数，再加上268又是一个完全平方数，请问该数是多少？\n\n解题思路\n遍历100000的数字检查条件是否符合003题\n题目描述\n输入三个整数x,y,z,请把这三个数由小到大输出\n\n解题思路\npython中有方法sort()由小到大排序输出', '0', '0', '1', null, '2');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('17', '2020年12月英语四级真题卷一', 'Part I Writing (30 minutes)\nDirections: Directions: For this part, you are alowed 30 minutes 1o write on the topic Changes in the Way of Educution.\nYou shouldwrite ar least 120 words but no more than 180 words.\nPart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)\nSection A\nDirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. Al the end of each mews report, you will hear two or three\nquestlons Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. you mmust\nchoose the best answer from the four choies marked A B). C) and D). Then mark the correspondng ltter on\nAnsver Sheet 1 with a single line hronigh the centre.\nQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.\nI. A)A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.\nB) Invasive specics are dniving away certain native species,\nC) The Mcditeraneanis a natural habiat of Devil Firefish.\nD)Many people have been atacked by Devil Firefish.\n2. A)It could add to greenhouse emisions.\nB) It could disnupt the food chains there.\nC)It could pose a threat to other marine specics.\nD) It could badly pollute the surrounding waters.\nC) Spend a few nights on a small island.\nD) Sell the pearl he had kept for years.\nQuestions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n3. A) cars will not be allowed to cnter the city.\nB) About half of its city center will be closed to cars.\nC) Buscs will be the only vchicles alowved on is streets.\nD) Pedestrians will have frce acess to the city.\n4. A)The rising air pllution in Paris.\nB) The worsening global warming.\nC) The ever-growing cost of petrol.\nD) The unbearable taffle noise. \nQuestions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n5. A)Many of his possessions were stolen.\nB) His house was bumt down in a fire.\nC) His fishing boat got wrecked on a rock.\nD) His good luck cham sank into the sca.\n6. A) Change his fishing locations.\nB) Find a job in a travel agency.\n7. A)A New Ycar museum (未完)\nB) The langest pearl in the world weighs(未完)\nC) His monstrous pearl was extremtely valuable.\nD) His pearl could be displaycd in a muscum.\nSection B\nDirections: In this section, you will hear tro long comversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four\nquestions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you\nmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A). B). 9 and D). Then mark the corresponding\nletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.\nQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.\n8. A)It boasts a fairly long history.\nC) It bas 75 ffices around the world.\nB) It produccs construction materials. D) It has over 50 business partners.\n9. A) It has about 50 employces\nC) It has a famil business\nB) It was started by his father.\nD) It is over 100 years old:\n10. A) Shortage of raw material supply.\nC) Outdated product design.\nB) Legal disputes in many countrics.\nD)Loss of competitive edge.\n11. A) Conducting a financial analysis for it.\nB) Providing training for its staf members.\nC) Sccking new ways to increase its exports.\nD) Introducing innovative marketing strategies.\nQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.\n12. A) She is a real expert at house decorations,\nB) She is well informed about the design business.\nC) She is attracted by the color of the stting room.\nD) She is really impressed by the man\'s house.\n13. A) From his younger brother Greg.\nC) From a construction businessman.\nB) From home design magazines.\nD) From a professional interior designer.', '213', '1', '2', '3', '5');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('18', '2019年6月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版', 'Part I Writing(30 minutes)\n请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试。\nFor this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer activityorganized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood .You should write at least 120words not more than 180 words. \n【范文】\nYoung Volunteers Visited a Nursing Home \nVolunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on June 14th, which was highly appraised by the elderly there. \nUpon the students’ arrival, tears of joy glistened in the seniors’ eyes when the young students presented   \nwell-prepared gifts. Then, the students talked to them one-on-one with kindness. Both the youth and the aged were willing to share their life stories, immersing in an atmosphere of joy. When it was time for the youngsters to leave,the elderly \nthanked them over and over again. And the volunteers expressed that they learned a lot and were all stunned by the \noptimism their elderly friends had for their future. \nAccording to Winston Churchill, a British statesman, “we make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what \nwe give.” The visit not only enriches the seniors’ daily life, but also provides the youth with an opportunity to learn some \nimportant life lessons from the elderly residents.By Aria, school newspaper \n【点评】\n写作试题是考查考生综合运用英语语言的能力，四级写作试题对考生的要求也越来越高。今年考查了新闻报道这一新的文章体裁，这也就意味着出题人更加强调学生把考场作文和真实生活中的写作联系在一起，对于学生观察生活的能力提出了更高的要求——注意到新闻的格式和内容安排的特点。一方面，新闻报道需要写出标题和落款，标题注意简洁明了，落款既要写出人名还要按照新闻报道的格式写出by sb.，最后还要写出所在的新闻机构。另一方面，在内容上，分三段进行写作，第一段写导语，点明事件的基本情况(时间、地点、事件、人物、目的或意义);\n第二段写经过\n(一般按照时间顺序进行书写，同时可以对其中一个小事进行特写，中间还可以穿插人物采访);\n第三段\n写对这一事件，人物的看法、想法和观点体裁上虽然不同于以往四级命题的规律，\n但是万变不离其宗的是仍然把学生对英语语言能力的运用能力作为考查重点。综观近五年的四级写作命题趋势，无论是要说明理由、解释原因、阐明影响，第一段的功能始终都是引入，这跟新闻报道的第一段写导语是一致的，所以考生可以结合以往作文的行文思路作为切入点书写新闻报道。第二段是浓墨重彩的一段，而新闻报道与普通作文的区别是更侧重事实，所以要求考生在书写的时候只需要客观写出事情的起因、经过、结果即可。第三段无论是以往的作文还是新闻报道，都需要给出总结(对事件的看法和观点)，在新闻报道的结尾段作出对事件的评价和写出所的感悟就可以了。今年考查的话题是养老院、农场和当地小学，与考生的生活比较贴近，在写作时，列举的例子应较为典型，这样阅卷老师很容明白考生文中所描述的内容。同时，考生对这个例子也应很熟悉，能够熟练运用一些有关的词或短语，这样下笔时才会有话可说，从而将相关的背景知识与正确的语言表达有效地结合起来。这些话题与大学生的生活息息相关。这些话题对于考生而言都会有话可说，并且能够提出一定的看法和观点。', '551', '1', '2', '3', '5');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('19', '2019年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(第一套)', 'PartI\nWriting\n(30 minutes)\n2019年12月14日，大学英语四级笔试考试已经结束，各位考生对本次四级考试的做\n题感觉如何呢?文都教育英语老师在第一时间为大家解读2019年12月大学英语四级考试真\n题参考答案，希望大家都能够顺利通过本次四级考试。\nDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who\nwants to study. Please recommend a university to him. You should write at least 120 words but\nno more than 180 words.\n[参考范文]\nDear Lucy,\nI am delighted to hear that you are going to study in a Chinese university. Since you have\nasked for my advice about choosing which university, I will try to give you some useful\nsuggestions here.\nIt is well known that Peking University is a great place to leam. There are several factors\naccounting for this choice and the following are the most typical ones. First and foremost,\nPeking University is one of the top universities in China and the birthplace of many great minds.\nTherefore, it can provide high-quality teaching resources, which is essential for a foreign leamer.\nIn addition, Beijing is the capital of China and there are various historic buildings. They provide\nforeign students a good chance to know Chinese culture and history.\n1 hope you will find these suggestions helpful and wish you all the best.\nYours,\nLi Ming\n[参考译文]\n亲爱的露丝:\n得知你要来中国的大学学习，我很高兴。既然你针对大学的选择问题询问了我的看法,\n我将在这里给你提供一些有用的建议。\n众所周知，北京大学是学习的好地方。做出这种选择有多种原因，但以下是最典型的。\n首先，北京大学是中国最顶尖的大学之一,这里也培养出了许多栋粱之才。因此，它可以提\n供高质量的教学资源，这对于外国学习者来说是最根本的。此外，北京是中国的首都，这里\n有各种各样的历史建筑。这些建筑能为外国学生提供了了解中国义化和历史的好机会。\n希望以上建议对你有帮助，祝一切顺利。\n诚挚的，\n李明\nPart I .\nListening Comprehension\n(25 minutes)\nSection A\nDirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you\nwill hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only\nonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked\nA) ,B) ,C) andD) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line\nthrough the centre.\nQuestions I and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n1. A)Many faciliti es were destroyed by a wandering cow.\nB) A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.\nC) Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.\nD) A wandering cow was captured by the police.\n2. A) It was shot to death by a police officer.\nB) It found its way back to the park\'s z00.\nC)It became a great attraction for tourists.\nD) It was sent to the animal control department.\nQuestions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n3. A) It is the largest of its kind.\nB) It is going to be expanded.\nC) It is displaying more fossil specimens.\nD)It is staring an online exhibition.\n4. A)A collection of bird fossils from Australia.\nB) Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.\nC) Some ancient wall paintings from Australia.\nD) Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.\nQuestions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n5. A) Pick up trash.\nB) Amuse visitors.\nC) Deliver messages.\nD) Play with children.\n6. A) They are especially intelligent.\nB) They are children\'s favorite.\nC They are quite easy to tame.\nD) They are clean and pretty.\n7. A) Children may be harmed by the rooks.\nB) Children may be tempted to drop ltter.\nC) Children may contract bird diseases.\nD) Children may overfeed the rooks.\nSection B\nDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation,\nyou will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.\nAfter you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA), B),\nC) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the\ncentre.\nQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.\n8. A) It will be produced at Harvard University.\nB) It will be hosted by famous professors.\nC) It will cover different areas of science.\nD) It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.\n9. A)It will be more futuristic.\nB) It will be more systematic.\nC) It will be more entertaining.\nD) It will be easier to understand.\n10. A) People interested in science.\nB) Youngsters eager to explore.\nC) Children in their early teens.\nD) Students majoring in science.\n11. A) Offer professional advice.\nB) Provide financial support.\nC) Help promote it on the Internet.\nD) Make episodes for its first season.\nQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.\n12. A) Unsure.\nB) Helpless.\nC) Concerned.\nD) Dissatisfied.\n', '356', '1', '2', '3', '1');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('20', '2019年12月英语四级真题及答案第二套', 'Part I\nWriting (30 minutes)\nDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend\nwho wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a place to him.\nYou should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.\nPart I\nC无识别结果\nListening Comprehension\n(25 minutes)\nSection A\nDirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each\nnews report, you wi1l hear two or three questions. Both the news report\nand then questions wi11 be spoken only once. After you hear a question,\nyou must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)， C)\nand D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single\nline through the centre.\nQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n1. A) The number of nurses has dropped to a record 1ow.\nB) There is a growing shortage of medical personnel.\nC) There is discrimination against male nurses.\nD) The number of male nurses has gone down. .\n2. A) Cultural bias.\nB) Inadequate pay.\nC) Educational system.\nD) Working conditions.\nQuestions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n3. A) He fell out of a lifeboat.\nB) He lost his way on a beach.\nC) He was almost drowned.\nD) He enjoyed swimming in the sea.\n4. A) The beach is a popular tourist\nresort. B) The emergency services are\nefficient.\nC) The beach is a good place to watch the tide.\nD) The lifeboats patrol the area round the\nclock.\nQuestions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n5. A) It became an online star.\nB) It broke into an office room.\nC) It escaped from a local zoo.\nD) It climbed 25 storeys at one go.\n6. A) Send it back to the zoo.\nB) Release it into the wild.\nC) Return it to its owner.\nD) Give it a physical checkup.\n7. A) A raccoon can perform acts no human can.\nB) A raccoon can climb much higher than a cat.\nC) The raccoon became as famous as some politicians.\nD) The raccoon did something no politician could.\nSection B\nDirections: In this section，you will hear two long conversations. At the end of\neach conversation， you wi1l hear four questions. Both the conversation\nand the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,\nyou must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B),\nC) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with\na single line through the centre.\nQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.\n8. A) She got a well- -paying job in a bank.\nB) She received a bonus unexpectedly.\nC She received her first monthly salary. .\nD) She got a pay raise for her performance.\n9. A) Several years ago.\nB) Two decades ago.\nC) Right after graduation.\nD) Just last month.\n10. A) He sent a small check to his parents.\nB) He took a few of his friends to a gym.\nC) He immediately deposited it in a bank.\nD) He treated his parents to a nice meal.\n11. A) Buy some professional clothes.\nB) Budget her salary carefully.\nC) Join her colleagues for gym exercise.\nD) Visit her former university campus.\nQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.\n12. A) He has a difficult decision to make.\nB) He has been overworked recently.\nC) He has\njust\nquarreled\nwith his\ngirlfriend. D) He has just too many things\nto attend to.\n13. A) Give priority to things more urgent.\nB) Turn to his girlfriend for assistance.\nC) Think twice before making the decision.\nD) Seek advice from his family and advisor. .\n14. A) His parents and advisor have different opinions.\nB) He is not particularly keen on the job offered.\nC) He lacks the money for his doctoral program.\nD) His girlfriend does not support his .\ndecision.\n15. A) They need time to make preparations.\nB) They need to save enough money for it.\nC) They haven’ t started their careers yet.\nD) They haven’t won their parents’ approval.\n', '654', '1', '2', '3', '5');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('21', '2019年12月四级真题三套(全)', 'PartI\nWriting\n(30 minutes)\nDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to maritetter to a. foreign. friend who wants to teach\nEnglish in China. Please recommend a city toYhimshould write at least 120 words but no more than 180\nwords.\nPart II \nListening Comprehension\n(25 minutes)\nSection A\nDirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear i\nor three questions. Both the news report cand then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a questi\nyou must choose the best answer. from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the correspondi\nletter on Answer Sheet Iwith a single line through the centre.\nQuestionsl and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n1. A) Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.\nB) A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.\nC) Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.\nD) A wandering cow was captured by the police.\n2. A) It was shot to death by a police officer.\nB) It found its way back to the paloo.\nC) It became a great attraction for tourists.\nD) It was sent to the animal control department.\nQuestions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n3. A) It is the largest of its kind.\nB) It is going to be expanded.\nC) It is displaying more fossil specimens.\nD) It is staring an online exhibition.\n4. A) A collection of bird fossils from Australia. B) Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.\nC) Some ancient wall paintings from Australia. D) Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.\nQuestions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n5. A) Pick up trash.\nB) Amuse visitors.\nC) Deliver messages.\nD) Play with children. \n6. A) They are especially intelligent.\nB) They are children favorite.\nC) They are quite easy to tame.\nD) They are clean and pretty.\n7. A) Children may be harmed by the rooks.\nB) Children may be tempted to drop litter.\nC) Children may contract bird diseases.\nD) Children may overfeed the rooks.\nSection B\nDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you wil\nhear, four questions. Both the conversation cand the questions will be spoken only once. Afier you hear a\nquestion, you must choose the best answer. from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark 1\ncorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.\nQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.\n8. A) It will be produced at Harvard University. B) It will be hosted by famous professors.\nC) It will cover different areas of science.\nD) It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.\n9. A) It will be more futuristic.\nB) It will be more systematic.\nC) It will be more entertaining.\nD) It will be easier to understand.\n10. A) People interested in science.\nB) Youngsters eager to explore.\nC) Children in their early teens.\nD) Students majoring in science.\n11. A) Offer professional advice.\nB) Provide financial support.\nC) Help\npromote it on the Internet.\nD) Make episodes for its first season.\nQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.\n12. A) Unsure.\nB) Helpless.\nC) Concerned.\nD) Dissatisfied.\n13. A) He is too concerned with being perfect.\nB) He loses heart when faced with setbacks.\nC) He is too ambitious in achieving goals.\nD) He takes on projects beyond his ability.\n14. A) Embarrassed.\nB) Unconcerned.\nC) Miserable.\nD) Resentful.\n15. A) Try to be optimistic whatever happens.\nB) Compare his present with his past only.\nC) Always learn from otherachievements.\nD) Treat others the way he would be treated.\nSection C\nDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three I\nfour questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, yc\nmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the correspondi\nletter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.\nQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.\n16. A) They have a stronger sense of social responsibility.\nB) They are more likely to succeed in the humanities.\nC) They are more likely to become engineers.\nD) They have greater potential to be leaders.', '654', '1', '2', '3', '2');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('22', '2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及答案(第一套)', 'PartI\nWriting\n(30 minutes)\n(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)\nDirections: For this par, you are allowed 30 mimutes to write an a short easy on the importance of\nspeaking abiliyandhow to developit You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.\nPartI\nListeningComprehension\n(25 minutes)\nSectionA\nDirections: Imn this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will\nhear two or three questions. Both the news report cand questions will be spoken on/y once. After you hear\nquestions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA), B), C) and D). Then mark\nthe corresponding letter onAnswer SheetI with a single line through the centre.\n注意:此部分试题请在签题卡1.上作答。\nQuestions1 to 2 are based on the new report you have just heard.\n1. A) The returm of a bottled message to its owner\'s daughter.\nB)A New Hampshire man\'s joke with friends on his wife.\nC)A father\'s message for his daughter.\nD)The history of a century-old motel.\n2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.\nB) )She wanted to honor her father\'s promise.\nC)She had been asked by her father to do so.\nD)She was excited to see her father\'s handwriting.\nQuestions3 to 4 are based on the new report you have just heard.\n3.\nA) People were concerned about the number of bees.\nB) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.\nC) Two million bees were infected with disease.\nD) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.\n4. A) It apologized to its customers.\nB) It was forced to kill its bees.\nC) It lost a huge stock of bees.\nD) It lost 2.5 million dollars.\nQuestions5 to 7 are based on the new report you have just heard.\nA) It stayed in the air for about two hours.\nB)It took off and landed on a football field.\nC)It proved to be of high commercial value.\nD)It made a series of sharp turns in the sky.\n6\nA) Engineering problems.\nC) Inadequate funding.\nB)The air pollution it produced.\nD) The opposition from the military.\n7. A) It uses the latest aviation technology.\nB)It flies faster than a commercial jet.\nC)It is a safer means of transportation.\nD)It is more environmentally friendly.\nSection B\nDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each comversation,\nyou will hear, four questions. Both the conversation cand\' the questions will be spoken onlyv once. After you\nhear a question, you must choose the best answer. fom the, fouur choices markedA), B), C) and D). Then\nmark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheetI with a single line through the centre.', '651', '1', '2', '3', '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('23', '2018年6月英语四级真题及答案第二套', 'Part I Writing (30 minutes)\nDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on\nthe importance of writing ability and how to develop it. You should write at\nleast 120 words but no more than 180 words.\nPart I Listening Cor aprehension (25 bi nutes)\nSection A\nDirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of\neach news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news repor t\nand the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must\nchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D). Then\nmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the\ncentre.\nQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n1. A) Annoyed. B) Scared. \nC) Confused.\nD) Offended.\n2. A) It crawled over the woman’s hands.\nB)\nIt wound up on the steering wheel.\nC) It was killed by the police on the spot.\nD) It was covered with large scales.\nQuestions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n3. A) A study of the fast -food service.\nB) Fast food customer satisf action.\nC) McDonald’ s new business strategies.\nD) Competition in the fast food industry.\n4. A) Customers’ higher demands.\nB) The inefficiency of employees.\nC) Increased variety of products.\nD) The rising number of customers.\nQuestions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n5. A) International treaties regarding space travel progr ams.\nB) Legal issues involved in commercial space explor ation.\nC) U.S. government\' s approval of private space missions.\nD) Competition among public and private space companies.\n6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.\nB) Approve a new mission to travel into outer space.\nC) Work with federal agencies on space progr ams.\nD) Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars.\n7. A) It is significant.\nC) It is unpredictable.\nB) It is promising. D) It is unprofitable.\nSection B\nDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end\nof each conversation, you will hear four questions.\nBoth the conversation and\nthe questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must\nchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)， C) and D). Then\nmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the\ncentre.\nQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.\n8. A) Visiting her family in Thailand.\nB) Showing friends ar ound Phuket.\nC) Swimming around a Thai island.\nD) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.\n9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage.\nB) She met a Thai girl’ s parents.\nC) She learned some Thai words.\nD) She sunbathed on a Thai beach.\n10. A) His class will start in a minute.\nB) He has got an incoming phone call.\nC) Someone is knocking at his door. .\nD) His phone is runing out of power .\n11. A) He is interested in Thai ar tworks. .\nB) He is going to open a souvenir shop.\nC) He collects things from different countries.\nD) He wants to know more about Thai cul ture.\nQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.\n12. A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym.\nB) 0pening a gym and becoming personal trainers.\nC) Signing up for a weight -loss course.\nD) Trying out a new gym in town.\n', '518', '1', '2', '3', '5');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('24', '2018年6月英语四级真题及答案第三套', 'Part I Writing (30 ni nutes)\nDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on\nthe importance of speaking ability and how to develop it. You should write at\nleast 120 words but no more than 180 words.\nPart I Listening Cou prehension (25 minutes)\n特别说明:由于四级考试全国共考了两套听力,本套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选\n项顺序不同，故不再重复给出。\nPart Reading Co prehension (40minutes)\nSection A\nDirections: In this section,\nthere is a passage with ten blanks. You are\nrequired to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a\nword bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before\nmaking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please .\nmark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single\nline through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than\nonce.\nNeon (貢虹) is to Hong Kong as red phone booths are to London and fog is to San\nFrancisco. When night falls, red and blue and other colors 26 a hazy (雾蒙蒙的)\nglow over a city lit up by tens of thousands of neon signs. But many of them\nare going dark， 27 by more practical, but less romantic, LEDs (发光二 极管).\nChanging building codes, evolving tastes,\nand the high cost of maintaining\nthose wonderful old signs have businesses embracing LEDs，which are energy 28 ,\nbut still carry great cost. \"To me, neon represents memories of the past, ”\nsays photographer Sharon Blance， whose series Hong Kong Neon celebrates the\ncity’s\nf amous\nsigns.“Looking at\nthe signs now I\nget\na\nfeeling\namazement, mixed with sadness. ”Building\na neon sign is an art practiced by 29\ntrained on the job to mold glass tubes into 30 shapes and letter s.\nThey\nfill these tubes with gases that glow when 31。Neon makes orange, while other\ngases make yellow or blue. It takes many hours to craft a single sign. Blance\nspent a week in Hong Kong and\n32more than 60 signs; 22 of them appear in the\nseries that capture the signs lighting up lonely streets- an 33 that makes\nit easy to admire their colors\nand cr af tsmanship.\n“I love the beautiful,\nhandcrafted, old fashioned 34\nof neon,”says Blance. The signs do nothing\nmore than\n35a restaurant, theater, or other business, but do so in the most\nstriking way possible.\nA) alternative\nI) photogr aphed\nB) approach\nJ) professionals\nC)\ncast\nK) quality\nD) challenging\nL) replaced\nE) decorative\nM) stimulate\nF) efficient \nN) symbolizes\nG) electrified\n0) volunteers\nH) identify\nSection B\nDirections:\nIn this\nsection,\nyou are\ngoing\nto read a passage with\nten\nstatements attached to it. Each statement contains inf ormation given in one of\nthe par agr aphs. Identify the paragraph from which the inf ormation is derived.\nYou may choose a paragraph more than once.\nEach paragraph is marked with a\nletter. Answer the questions by marking the corre sponding\nletter on Answer\nSheet 2.\nNew Jersey School District Eases Pressure on Students\n-Baring an Ethnic\nDivide\nA) This fall, David Aderhold, the chief of a high-achieving school district\nnear Princeton, New Jersey, sent parents an alarming 16- page letter. The school\ndistrict, he said, was facing a crisis.\nIts students were overburdened and\nstressed out， having to cope with too much work and too many demands. In the\nprevious school year, 120 middle and high school students were recomnended for\nmental\nhealth\nassessments\nand\n40 were\nhospi talized.\nAnd\non\na survey\nadministered by the district, students wrote things like,\n“I hate going to\nschool,”and “Coming out of 12 years in this district, I have learned one\nthing: that a grade， a percentage or even a point is to be valued over any thing\nelse.”', '841', '1', '2', '3', '4');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('25', '2018年12月英语四级真题(第一套)', 'Part\nI\nWriting\n(30 minutes)\nDirections:\nFor this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a\nshort essay on\nthe challenges of starting a career after\ngraduation You should write at least 120 words but no more than180\nwords.\nPart II\nListening Comprehensi on\n(25 minutes)\n关注公众号“春秋大道”，无偿得到全部英语四六级历年真题(更新至2018年12\n月) +听力原频\nSection A\nDirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At\nthe end of each news report, you wi1l hear two or three questions.\nBoth the news report and then questions wi1l be spoken only once.\nAfter you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the\nfour choices marked A)，B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding\nletter on Answer Sheet bwith a single line through the centre.\nQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n1.A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2019.\nB) Design a new generation of mobile phones.\nC) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon.\nD) Gather data from the noon with a tiny device.\n2.A) It is stable.\nB) It is durable. \nC) It is inexpensive.\nD) It is sophisticated.\nfour choices marked A)，B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding\nletter on Answer Sheet bwith a single line through the centre.\nQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n1.A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2019.\nB) Design a new generation of mobile phones.\nC) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon.\nD) Gather data from the noon with a tiny device.\n2.A) It is stable.\nB) It is durable. \nC) It is inexpensive.\nD) It is sophisticated.\nQuestions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n3.A) It lasted more than six hours.\nB) No injuries were yet reported.\nC) Nobody was in the building when it broke out.\nD) It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters arrived.\n4.A) Recruit and train more firefi ghters.\nB) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.\nC) Turn the shopping mall into an amusement park.\nD) Find money to renovate the 1ocal nei ghborhood.\nQuestions 5 and 6 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n5. A) Shrinking potato farming.\nB) Heavy reliance on import.\nC) Widespread plant disease.\nD) Insufficient potato supply. .\n6.A) It intends to keep its traditional diet.\nB) It wants to expand its own farming.\nC) It is afraid of the spread of disease.\nD) It is worried about unfair competition.\n7. A) Global warning.\nB) Ever-rising prices.\nC) Government regulation.\nD) Diminishing investment.\nSection B\nDirections: In this section,\nyou wi1l hear two long\nconversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four\nquestions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken\nonly once.\nAfter you hear a question, you must choose the best\nanswer from the four choices markedA)，B)，C)andD). Then mark\nthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line\nthrough the centre.\nQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.\n8. A) Informative.\nB) Inspiring.\nC) Du11.\nD) Shallow.\n9.\nA)She types on a keyboard.\nB) She does recording.\nC)She take photos.\nD)she take notes.', '32', '1', '2', '3', '2');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('26', '2018年12月英语四级真题及答案第二套', '2018年12月英语四级真题及答案第二套.\nPart I Writing (30 minutes)\nDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the\nchal1enges of studying abroad. You should write at least 120 words but no more than\n180 words.\nPart II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)\nSection A\nDirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each\nnews report，you wil1 hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the\nquestions wi11 be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the\nbest answer from the four choices marked A)，B)， C) and D). Then mark the\ncorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.\nQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.\n1. A) A man was pul1ed to safety after a bui 1ding col1apse.\nB) A beam about ten feet 1ong collapsed to the ground.\nC) A rescue worker got trapped in the basement.\nD) A deserted 100-year-o1d bui1ding caught fire.\n', '541', '1', '2', '3', '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('27', '2018年12月英语四级真题及答案第三套', '2018年12月英语四级真题及答案第三套\nPart I iting (30 minutes)\nDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 mirutes to write a short essay cn the\nchallenges of\nstarting a career after graduation. You should write at least 120 words but no more\nthan 180 words.\nPart I Listening Con prehension (25 I inutes)\n特别说明:由于四级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选项\n顺序不同，故不再重复给出。\nPart I Reading Con prehension (40 1 ainutes)\nSection A\nDirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required\nto select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank f ol1owing\nthe passage. Read the passage thr ough car efully before making your choices. Each\nchoice in the bank: is identified by a letter. Please mark the corr esponding letter\nfor each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not\nuse any of the words in the bank more than once.\n', '42', '1', '2', '3', '4');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('28', '大学英语期末考试怎么复习？', '作者：异次元少女橘子\n链接：https://www.zhihu.com/question/304321933/answer/955171807\n来源：知乎\n著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。\n\n收藏的麻烦动动小手点个赞吧，无私分享的东西收藏却比赞多那么多有点难过不过还是祝你们都顺利通过呀————————————————————————听着，如果你满足以下条件。1.教材是《新视野大学英语》2.考试的 十五选十 从五篇课后练习中抽3.三天之内英语期末考试那么我教你一种快速拿15分的方法，前提是你的英语跟我一样完全无可救药，在挂科的边缘，企图稍微拯救一下可huo怜gai的自己。但凡英语稍微有点基础的都不要往下看了，会害了你自己！！有这时间完全可以背翻译去！！！好的宝贝，我告诉你，如果考试的十五选十是从课后练习中抽，而你没做或者听课了还是听不懂。答应我过了考试一定要好好学英语好吗！那么我们来整理一下，课本有五个单元，等于是五篇练习，单词的字母序号很可能是乱序！虽然整篇文章分段了但是填词的顺序是不会变的！所以我们可以背单词顺序！但是我们又没有时间了怎么了！那么我们可以提取十五个单词中不重复的字母来代表这个单词，考试的时候就等于找字母填空。红字代表五篇课文分别的开头字母黑字是正确答案顺序（如c-t就表示首字母为c尾字母为t）以下是大一的五篇课后练习总结，大概整理了一个小时这样，一个个验证过了，绝对不会有重复。可以放心背。其它满足条件的也可以用这个方法自己整理！不过还是要好好背英语啊！！', '0', '0', '2', null, '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('29', '大学英语和高中英语有什么差别，该如何学大学英语？', '作者：贾鱼\n链接：https://www.zhihu.com/question/34016920/answer/57777352\n来源：知乎\n著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。\n\n准大四（非英语专业，非英语专业，非英语专业），大学英语（普通一本院校，非211/985）跟高中英语不同分为一下几点：1.上课学习区别高中：上课老师会讲语法，背单词，抽查单词，月考周考神马的，一节课基本会被安排满，都在学，几乎没有浪费时间现象，而且还会有针对性的讲解，今天讲阅读，明天讲语法，后天讲单选。大学：会分A、B、C班，先讲B/C班，我是B班的，上课稍微看点单词，单词仅限于四级词汇（非英语专业），多数时间看欧美电影，网络课堂听点儿听力，再自己录点儿听力，个人觉的并没有卵用。而这所有的时间内你都是自由的，如若无人之境，你可能在睡觉，可能在刷微博聊微信，你还可能在 跟对象你侬我侬。。。。如果你是个认真学习的娃，这些都不干，也没卵用，因为老师也不会讲太多内容，时间并没有充分被利用，在大环境下，自习时间大家一般都在玩手机，玩手机，玩手机，你不玩，我表示怀疑。然而这一切算是正常的生活，如果，你遇到一个奇葩的老师的话，恭喜你，中大奖了，你可以逃课或者被重建三观。我一个学妹，刚跟我发牢骚完，说她不想再上他们班英语老师的课了，那个神一样的老师天天跟他们说些反党反共的事儿，我都怀疑他不是教英语的，是教政治的啊亲，今天跟你说毛爷爷跟他小三儿的事儿，明天跟你说。。。。这些对于大一的孩纸来说真有点难接受，特别是你“三观特别正”的时候。也许老师没错，可是时间地点不对。至于A班，我不知道，我只知道A班老师好点儿，但是，考试试题比B班难度大，所以考试时会吃亏，拉绩点，所以，如果你想得奖学金占优势，英语还好，入学考试务必考砸，以免被分到A班，但是也失去了好老师，好氛围，自己取舍。2.学习资料区别高中：有很多资料，怎么都做不完也看不完，试题一套又一套，英语报，词汇书，语法书大学：教材大学英语，其他的四六级真题，大多数人甚至都没买四六级真题，裸考！裸考！裸考！有部分人会下个百词斩背单词啥的。3.学习氛围高中学习氛围就不说了，大学这里说的也只是b班的情况，像我前面说的课堂上一般都不学，玩儿手机，玩儿手机，课外一般也是不学的4.业余自学时间高中：一般都会没事背背单词，做做题啥的大学：有很多人在图书馆读英语，也会有一些英语社团，类似疯狂英语的那种。氛围特别好。（以上这句话是我好友小白学姐说的），但是，这不是我的观点，明显跟我上面画风不对，事情是存在的，但是不是很多人，具体点儿吧，我们图书馆只有二楼一层是读书用的地方，放了很多大桌子椅子，中间一个大矩形是镂空的，也就是只有一个环形区是有人的，你说全校辣么多人，每天只有这么小块地儿的人读英语多吗？而且还不都是读英语的，可能是其他小语种或者需要背的科目。有英语社团，我们学校那个社团还不错，针对的是口语，社团人数还行，还会有夏令营啥的。其实很多人是不学的，学的人一般只有两种，学霸和决心过四六级的人，注意，是决心，决心，决心5.生活运用（兼职、应聘、装逼）这主要针对大学板块兼职：新东方等英语机构会要人，助教神马的，如果你英语好，你能进；说个反教材，我同学在网上找了个助教，别人问他，你四六级过了吗，他：没有。。。你们那只有英语助教没有其他的吗？别人说还有物理化学数学，你高考分数多少？他：。。。。我忘了（他分数没多高）那人说，对不起我们这里不适合你。然后他内心受到强烈打击。应聘：有很多单位对英语没要求，但是，也有很多好职位对英语有要求，入门要求，过四六级，分越高越好，你需要具备很多技能，英语好是其中之一。装逼：英语好也是炫耀增强自信心的技能之一，同样，英语不好也是被别人开玩笑的槽点之一。--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------说道如何学习英语，我要说一下我的血泪史，我高中150分测试题一般考80,90,90+，就这水平，进大学以后大一别人四六级都过了，我四级都没过，真的，丢人，但是单词背不住，想学力不从心。干脆放弃，那时候也吊儿郎当的，直到有一次考四级，看到一位大四学长，他刚进考场，老师不知怎的问他大几，他脸上的表情特别尴尬，整个人都不自然了，小声回答说大四，夹杂着诸多感情，那时候我大二第二学期了，我心想，我要是再不过以后真的也没老脸来继续跟大一的一起考了，那时候就下决心我大学一定要过四级，一定！然后百度各种学习方法，但是都没怎么有用，自己摸所，找适合自己的方法，最后选了一个做真题的方法，并且坚持了下来，去图书馆听听力，大三第一学期终于过了四级。六级现在生死未卜。如何学英语？根据分割线以上分析的，就大致有了一个学习英语的模型，课堂上大家学到的都差不多，剩下能抓住的就是自习时间，你要学就在自习时间学，单词是主要的，但是记单词有很多选择，可以看单词书，可以下软件，可以去英语网站听歌学英语，看自己适合哪种，还有就是看美剧，听英文歌曲，关注TED,,看欧美娱乐新闻，英语好的可以听podcast，炼口语可以下口语软件，至于笔试，我的经验，做真题，做真题，做真题，前提是精做，知道每一句话的意思，看懂每一句话，查每一个不会的单词。学英语是细水长流的事情，必须坚持，还要找到坚持下去的动力，我看那么多娱乐性的英语资料，就是为了不让自己厌烦英语，你多关注就会发现英语世界有很多有趣的事儿，你要探索更多有趣的事儿，你就要学英语，你想看原汁原味儿的美剧，你就要学好英语', '0', '0', '2', null, '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('30', '大学英语四级很难考吗？', '想起早前很多学校都规定“大一不允许报考英语四级”，但现在很多学校都变成了大一也可以报考，很大可能是为了保证过级率，毕竟高三刚毕业真的是知识的巅峰时期。英语四级考试和我们之前熟知的高考英语其实不太相同的。高考英语规定词汇3000+，四级英语单词4500+，光从词汇量上就高出不少。跟别说还有高考英语没有的听力、翻译，对于英语基础比较差或者没有认真准备的同学来说真的真的比较难！', '0', '0', '2', null, '1');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('31', '高等数学微积分笔记', '第一章函数，极限和连续\nE 1.1 函数\n主要内容\n-)函数的概念\n1.函数的定义: y=f(x),\nx∈D\n定义域: D(f), .\n值域: Z(f).\n2.分段函数: y=\nf(x) x∈D\n&(x) xeD,\n3.隐函数:\nF(x,y)= 0\n4.反函数:\ny=f(x)→x=ψ (y)=f\"(y)\ny=f-\' (x)\n定理:如果函数: y=f(x)， D(f)=X， Z(f)=Y\n是严格单调增加(或减少)的;\n则它必定存在反函数:\ny=f\'(x)，D(f\")=Y， I(f~)=X\n且也是严格单调增加(或减少)的。\n=函数的几何特性\n1. 函数的单调性 m f(v1 v∈η，、w∈n\n当x复制\n搜索.\n发送到手机\n翻译\n则称f(x)在D内单调增加();\n若f(x)≥f(x2),\n则称f(x)在D内单调减少( );\n若f(x) <f (x),\n则称f(x)在D内严格单调增加( );\n若f (x) >f (x2),\n则称f(x)在D内严格单调减少( )。\n2.函数的奇偶性: D(f)关 于原点对称\n偶函数: f(-x)=f (x)\n奇函数: f(-x)=-f (x)\n3.函数的周期性:\n周期函数: f(x+T)=f(x), x∈(-∞，+∞0)\n周期: T一-最小的正数\n4.函数的有界性: |f(x)|≤M ，x∈(a b)\n目基本初等函数\n1.常数函数: y=c ，\n(c为常数).\n2.幂函数:\n(n为实数)\n3.指数函数: y=a ，(a>0、 a≠1)\n4.对数函数: y=logax , (a>0、a≠1)\n5.三角函数: y=sinx ，y=con x\n', '654', '0', '3', '1', '4');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('32', '高数 数学极限总结', '-.极限的产生\n极限理论是研究关于极限的严格定义、基本性质和判别准则等问题的基础理\n论。\n极限思想的萌芽可以追溯到古希腊时期和中国战国时期,但极限概念真正意\n义_上的首次出现于沃利斯的《无穷算数》中，牛顿在其《自然哲学的数学原理》\n一书中明确使用了极限这个词并作了阐述。但迟至18世纪下半叶，达朗贝尔等\n人才认识到，把微积分建立在极限概念的基础之上，微积分才是完善的，柯西最\n先给出了极限的描述性定义，之后，魏尔斯特拉斯给出了极限的严格定义(ε -\nδ和c-N定义)。\n从此，各种极限问题才有了切实可行的判别准则，使极限理论成为了微积分\n的工具和基础。[1]\n二.极限知识点总结.\n1.极限定义\n函数极限:设函数f(x)在点的x。某-去心邻域内有定义，如果存在常数A,\n对于任意给定的正数c (无论它多么小) ，总存在正数,使得当x满足不等式\n0 <|x-zo|<δ时，对应的函数值 都满足不等式:| f(x)-A|<ε\n那么常数A就叫做函数f(x)当x→x时的极限，记作limf(x)=A。[2]\n单侧极限:①左极限: limf(x)=A或f() .→A(x_→左)\n⑦.右极限: limf(x)=A或 f(x)-→A(x→右)\n定理: limf(x)=\nA=f(x)=f(x*)=A\nlimf()= f(地)台f(x6)= f(x姑)= f(x)\n4%\n函数f(x)当x→x。时极限存在的充分必要条件是左、右极限各自存在且相\n等即f(右)= f(者)= limf(x)\n', '513', '1', '3', '1', '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('33', '高数函数,极限和连续总结', '第一章函数.极限和连续\n第一节 函数\n1.决定函数的要素: 对应法则和定义域\n2.基本初等函数: (六类)\n(1)\n常数函数(y=c); (2)幂函数(y=x\");\n(3)指数函数(y=a\"， a>0,a≠1) ; (4)对数函数(y=logx， a>0,a≠1)\n(5)三角函数: (6)反三角函数。\n注:分段函数不是初等函数。特例: y=√82是初等函数\n3.构成复合函数的条件:内层函数的值域位于外层函数的定义域之内。\n4.复合函数的分解技巧:对照基本初等函数的形式。\n5.函数的几种简单性质:有界性，单调性，奇偶性，周期性。\n第二节极限\n1.分析定义\nV&> 0(任意小) 3d> 0\n当|x>8 (或0<|x-xo|<θ )时\n总有|f(x)-A<&\n称limx→∞of(x)=0 (或limx. +xofx)= A)\n2.极限存在的充要条件\nlimx-xf(x) =A limx-姑gfx)= limx→xjf(x)=A\n3.极限存在的判定准则\n(1)夹逼定理\n员(x)≤f(x)《f2(x) ,且limx-xof(x)= A= limx, +xof(x)\n所以limx-x0 f(x)=A\n(2)单调有界准则\n单调有界数列- -定有极限。\n4.无穷小量与无穷大量\nlim f(x)=0， 则称x- >x(或x-→∞)时，f (x)为无穷小量\nlimf(x)=∞，则称x- →x(或x-→∞)时，f (x)为无穷大量\n零是唯一的可作为无穷小的常数。\n性质1有限多个无穷小的代数和或乘积还是无穷小。\n注:无限个无穷小量的代数和不- - 定是无穷小量\n性质2有界变量或常数与无穷小的乘积还是无穷小。\n5.定义设a=a(x),β= p(x) 是同- -极限过程中的无穷小， 且β(x)≠0， 则\n若limC=0，则称a是β比高阶的无穷小,记作a = o(B);\nR\n', '951', '1', '3', '1', '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('34', '高数导数与微分的知识点总结', '2015考研数学:导数与微分的知识点总结\n来源:文都教育\n导数与微分是考研数学的基础，占据至关重要的地位。基本概念、基本公式-定要掌拒\n牢固，常规方法和做题思路要非常熟练。下面都教授给出该章的知识点总结，供广大考生参\n考。\n第一节导数\n1.基本概念\n(1)定义\ndty\n; df(),\n1_)= f(3)= lim\nAY\n. lim\nf(节+0x)- f(%)\nf(x)- f(分)\n= lim-\ndx\'-“\ndx\n此40Axa40\nOx\nK 40\nx-\n注:可导必连续，连续不一定可导.\n注分段函数分界点处的导数--定要用导数的定义求.\n(2)左、右导数\nf(x)= lim\nf(+0x)- f(xo)，\n=lim.\nf(x)- f(与)\n山+0~\nAx\nx +$~\nx-节\nf()= lim\nf(而+O*)-f(x)_ 1m f(x)-f(%)_\nOx\nx-节\nf(x)存在台f£(%)= f(x).\n(3)导数的几何应用\n曲线Y= f(x)在点(*x.f(3))处的切线方程: y- f(x)= f(%)(x- s).\n法线方程: y-f(x)=-2x-(x- q).\nf\'(%)\n2-基本公式\n(1) C\'=0\n(2) (x°)\' = axC-1l \n(3) (a*)\'=a^Ina (特例(e\")\'=e*\")(4) (log。 x)=-\n一(a>0,a≠1)\nxInd\n(5) (sinx)\'= cos x\n(6) (cosx)\'=-sinx\n(7) (tan划)\'=sec2 x\n(8) (cot)\'=-csc2x .\n', '651', '1', '3', '1', '4');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('35', '2022考研数学复习：42句高数知识点的口诀', ' 2022考研数学复习：42句高数知识点的口诀\r\n\r\n　　数学是考研各科中难度较大的一科，2022考研数学复习：42句有关高数知识点的口诀，一起来看下!\r\n\r\n　　在考研的所有科目中，数学可以算得上是拉分差距最明显的科目了。考研数学中涉及很多公式定理，也有不少的规律知识点，需要大家在复习之初就认真把握。新东方在线考研小编整理了42句有关高数知识点的口诀，大家一定要认真背诵!\r\n\r\n　　口诀1：函数概念五要素，定义关系重要。\r\n\r\n　　口诀2：分段函数分段点，左右运算要先行。\r\n\r\n　　口诀3：变限积分是函数，遇到之后先求导。\r\n\r\n　　口诀4：奇偶函数常遇到，对称性质不可忘。\r\n\r\n　　口诀5：单调增加与减少，先算导数正与负。\r\n\r\n　　口诀6：正反函数连续用，最后只留原变量。\r\n\r\n　　口诀7：一步不行接力棒，最终处理见分晓。\r\n\r\n　　口诀8：极限为零无穷小，乘有限仍无穷小。\r\n\r\n　　口诀9：幂指函数最复杂，指数对数一起上。\r\n\r\n　　口诀10：待定极限七类型，分层处理洛必达。\r\n\r\n　　口诀11：数列极限洛必达，必须转化连续型。\r\n\r\n　　口诀12：数列极限逢绝境，转化积分见光明。\r\n\r\n　　口诀13：无穷大比无穷大，高阶项除上下。\r\n\r\n　　口诀14：n项相加先合并，不行估计上下界。\r\n\r\n　　口诀15：变量替换第一宝，由繁化简常找它。\r\n\r\n　　口诀16：递推数列求极限，单调有界要先证，\r\n\r\n　　两边极限一起上，方程之中把值找。\r\n\r\n　　口诀17：函数为零要论证，介值定理定乾坤。\r\n\r\n　　口诀18：切线斜率是导数，法线斜率负倒数。\r\n\r\n　　口诀19：可导可微互等价，它们都比连续强。\r\n\r\n　　口诀20：有理函数要运算，最简分式要先行。', '32', '1', '3', '6', '2');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('36', '2022考研数学高数：多元函数的积分学怎么考察?', '二重、三重积分在各种坐标下的计算，累次积分交换次序;\r\n\r\n　　第一型曲线积分、曲面积分计算;\r\n\r\n　　第二型(对坐标)曲线积分的计算，格林公式，斯托克斯公式及其应用;\r\n\r\n　　第二型(对坐标)曲面积分的计算，高斯公式及其应用;\r\n\r\n　　梯度、散度、旋度的综合计算;\r\n\r\n　　重积分，线面积分应用;\r\n\r\n　　求面积，体积，重量，重心，引力，变力作功等。\r\n\r\n　　考数一的小伙伴们对这部分内容和题型要予以足够重视。', '23', '1', '3', '6', '6');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('37', '2021考前高数冲刺：几个易混概念你了解么?', '几个易混概念：连续，可导，存在原函数，可积，可微，偏导数存在他们之间的关系式怎么样的?存在极限，导函数连续，左连续，右连续，左极限，右极限，左导数，右导数，导函数的左极限，导函数的右极限。\r\n\r\n　　罗尔定理：设函数f(x)在闭区间[a,b]上连续(其中a不等于b)，在开区间(a,b)上可导，且 f(a)=f(b)，那么至少存在一点 &xi&isin(a、b)，使得 f\'(&xi)=0。罗尔定理是以法国数学家罗尔的名字命名的。罗尔定理的三个已知条件的意义，①f(x)在[a,b]上连续表明曲线连同端点在内是无缝隙的曲线②f(x)在内(a,b)可导表明曲线y=f(x)在每一点处有切线存在③f(a)=f(b)表明曲线的割线(直线AB) 平行于x轴罗尔定理的结论的直几何意义是：在(a,b)内至少能找到一点&xi，使f\'(&xi)=0，表明曲线上至少有一点的切线斜率为0，从而切线平行于割线AB，与x轴平行。', '3', '1', '3', '6', '6');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('38', '2022考研高数基础复习知识点：级数', '无穷级数，属于数学一和数学三的备考范围。主要考察点有两个，一是常数项级数的敛散性，二是幂级数的收敛域、求和及将函数展开为幂级数。考生要掌握其常数项级数敛散性判别的一般方法，对于正项级数的判敛方法比较多，一般类型的级数通过绝对收敛的性质与正项级数相联系，交错级数用莱布尼茨判别法。对于幂级数，掌握求和的一般思路，同时注意注明和函数的收敛域，这是容易忽略的一点。\r\n\r\n　　重点分布：\r\n\r\n　　1.求幂级数的和函数\r\n\r\n　　2.将函数展开成幂级数', '7', '1', '3', '6', '6');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('39', '怎样学高数，看那些视频', '我是菜鸟！\r\n很菜的那种！\r\n高中学职高！\r\n所以我的水平你觉得...\r\n数学高考只有一百分\r\n你说还可以\r\n麻烦去看看职高数学是说了什么吧\r\n我是菜鸟！\r\n很菜的那种！\r\n高中学职高！\r\n所以我的水平你觉得...\r\n数学高考只有一百分\r\n你说还可以\r\n麻烦去看看职高数学是说了什么吧\r\n然后大一数学不懂装懂，考试靠抄......我认了\r\n到了大二下期，看张宇的考研数学基础班\r\n然后并不适合我\r\n很多情况就是\r\n学了下一讲上一讲的就不记得了\r\n来来回回学了四遍\r\n学到第三章就完全忘记了...\r\n我没有说宇哥讲的不好\r\n而是个人水平实在太差了\r\n然后大三上期了\r\n老师让我们打基础\r\n去听那种大一老师给新生上课的课\r\n很丢脸...\r\n而且\r\n怎么滴也是一个吵着要考研的人\r\n我去听完那个课我就剩六个月开始学考研数学\r\n我就是神仙也不行啊\r\n\r\n然后开始找资源\r\n什么汤家凤，杨超，张宇各种搜集\r\n绝大多数都是考研数学，只能笑着对朋友说没事\r\n我再去贴吧搜一波\r\n\r\n然后中国大学MOOC\r\n肯定有觉得同济大学的好\r\n对\r\n是好\r\n可是我听不懂啊\r\n她第一节课讲完我配套的习题都不会做\r\n总共五个题\r\n那个反函数的题\r\n我连讲课内容都没在里面见到\r\n那节课时间是17分钟多\r\n我仔细又听一遍\r\n复习\r\n...真的有这个词\r\n我基本理解为\r\n这是人家同济的课后复习视频\r\n而且\r\n同济什么水平\r\n我自己啥样\r\n我心里还是有数的\r\n\r\n最后把那上面的高等数学看了个遍\r\n筛选方法先看大纲是不是同济七版的大纲\r\n再进去听课\r\n看听不听的懂\r\n\r\n最后的最后\r\n视频还是给我找到了！！！\r\n两个！！\r\n一个是我目前在看的南昌大学，朱传喜教授的\r\n\r\n还有一个是江苏农林职业技术学院，杨天明副教授的，这个是专升本的课程，所以有多简单你应该知道了吧\r\n简单到课程介绍里面给你罗列了初等代数公式还有三角公式面积体积公式.............\r\n\r\n真的这是我见到最零基础的了。。。\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n还有一个！意外收获，汤家凤的高数，不是关于考研数学，就是专项上课的数学，我个人也下载了，目前感觉南昌大学的还比较适合我，不打算改\r\n\r\n还有就是，数学一定要注意\r\n基础！\r\n基础！\r\n基础！\r\n无数老师都说了\r\n打好基础才是胜利的曙光\r\n\r\n至于汤家凤的课，贴链接会不会被举报...\r\n还是不贴了，贴吧去找吧\r\n\r\n加油！', '0', '0', '3', null, '4');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('40', '高等数学考研心得', '一、冲刺阶段要以考研知识点的回顾总结，真题的研究以及\n真题预测复习为主。在临考前约一个月的时间内，考生对前阶段\n复习的内容及各种方法进行归纳，使之条理化、系统化，便于记\n忆。这是考试时能够得心应手地使用数学知识的关键。这段时间\n再重新看一遍近年来的考试真题，某些模拟试题等。并特别注意\n做题后的分析和总结，以提高自己的答题速度，合理分配各类题\n的答题时间，便于在考场上正常发挥自己的水平。\n二、多总结，多提炼、多做笔记。在复习的过程中遇到比较\n重要的知识点，需要记忆背诵的公式、法则等等，要随时记录。\n做题心得、常考的题型做题方法、技巧随时记录下来，慢慢的在\n做题过程当中，提炼出自己的做题方法和思路。每复习一段时间，\n复习一章或是两章，要回过头来总结一下*节知识，看一下做的\n笔记当中的重要知识点和做题方法技巧，做到每- - -章节复习都不\n留死角。也可以对于考研常考的题型、知识点多找几种方法.', '0', '0', '3', null, '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('41', '【高等数学】学习大学数学的误区', '误区1：数学无用论\r\n\r\n\r\n•“除了买菜用到数学，还有什么会用到数学？”\r\n\r\n•“会加减乘除就够了，学那些高深的数学有什么用？”\r\n\r\n——————————————\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n•除极少数专业外，任何一个专业（物理、力学、天文，计算机与信息科学、能量科学、环境科学、空间科学、海洋科学、金融与经济科学、管理、物流……），没有高等数学（不只高数）的基础，学习相应专业课，都会困难重重，也不可能学好。\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n•若继续深造读研、读博、做科学研究，越往高学历走，对数学的依赖越大，需要的数学知识越高深。\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n•学习高等数学（不只高数）对逻辑推理、抽象思维、空间思维，思考问题的方式等等，都是一个潜移默化的锻炼。\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n误区2：高数学不好是做题不够\r\n\r\n\r\n•高中题海战术根深蒂固，一些考研过来人的误导：怎么考研得高分？多做题。\r\n\r\n——————————————\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n•高中数学学习，普遍是由老师总结好各种题型套路，多背多练，见到类似的题就知道怎么做了。\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n•题海战术是错误的学习方法，实际上就是靠时间和死记硬背堆出来的，确实能取得一定成绩，但效率极低，属于自己糊弄自己，自以为学好了，其实并没有学好数学，也没有学会如何学习数学。\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n•大学数学完全不同，讲究的是理解定义、定理，全部都是从定义和基本逻辑推理出发，学习如何思考问题，找到解题思路，此时动不动笔写出来其实已经不重要了。\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n•大学数学题，也有一定的套路。但是，这种套路也是基于定义和基本逻辑推理，总结出来的。一是，这样的套路并不多；二是，即使是套路，你如果理解的基础上记住它，也比死记硬背记住它，效果好得多。', '0', '0', '3', null, '1');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('42', '2020考研高数知识点总结', '考点1 :用经典工具计算函数,数列极限，七种未定式,单调有界定理,夹逼\n准则,海涅定理\n考点2:深刻理解,并会使用无穷小比阶,无穷大比阶,应用场景为;极限本\n身.积分判断.级数判敛\n考点3:深刻理解导数定义及其几何意义.从导数定义. 求切线法线.高阶导数\n入手。\n考点4:三大逻辑题\n①最值、介值、 费马、罗尔、拉格朗日、泰勒、柯西、积分中值定理(可以开区\n间也可以闭区间)②不等式③方程根(等式)\n考点5:导数的几何应用\n三点(极值点、拐点最值点)两性(单调性、凹凸性)一 线(渐近线)数一数二曲率)\n', '0', '0', '3', null, '1');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('43', '质点运动学', '1.位置矢量(位矢)\n位置矢量表示质点任意时刻在空间的位置，用从坐标原点向质点所在点所引的一-条有向线段，用F表\n示.F的端点表示任意时刻质点的空间位置.F同时表示任意时刻质点离坐标原点的距离及质点位置相对\n坐标轴的方位.位矢是描述质点运动状态的物理量之一.对F应注意:\n(1)瞬时性:质点运动时，其位矢是随时间变化的，即F= F(I). 此式即矢量形式的质点运动方程.\n(2)相对性:用F描述质点位置时，对同一质点在同一时刻的位置，在不同坐标系中F可以是不相同\n的.它表示了F的相对性，也反映了运动描述的相对性.\n(3)矢量性: F为矢量，它有大小，有方向，服从几何加法.在平面直角坐标系o-xy系中\nF=xi+y\nr=|=√x2+y2\n位矢与x轴夹角正切值\ntanθ= y/x\n质点做平面运动的运动方程分量式: x=x()， y= y().\n平面运动轨迹方程是将运动方程中的时间参数消去，只含有坐标的运动方程y= f(x).\n2.位移\nOF=F(t+Ot)-F()= Ori +Oyj\n△的大小.\n|M=(Ar)+(Ay户.\n注意区分: (1) △r 与△r，前者表示质点位置变化，Or 是矢量，同时反映位置变化的大小和方位.后\n者是标量，反映从质点位置到坐标原点的距离的变化. (2) |A|与As，As 表示1→1+ Ot时间内质点通过\n的路程，△s 是标量.只有当质点沿直线某一方向前进时两者大小相同，或Oτ-→0时，|Aj|=As.\n', '634', '1', '4', '1', '5');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('44', '《大学物理学》动量守恒和能量守恒定律学习材料', '《大学物理学》动量守恒和能量守恒定律学习材料\n一、选择题\n3-25.用铁锤把质量很小的钉子敲入木板，设木板对钉子的阻力与钉子进入木板的深度成\n正比。在铁锤敲打第-次时，能把钉子敲入1.00cm。 如果铁锤第二次敲打的速度与第一次\n完全相同，那么第二次敲入多深为\n)\n(A) 0.41cm; (B) 0.50cm;\n(C) 0.73cm ;\n(D) 1 .00cmo\n[提示:首先设阻力为f =kx，第一次敲入的深度为x，第二次为0x，考虑到两次敲入所用的功相等，\n则[”kxdx= kxdx ]\nFIN\n3--4. -质量为0.02 kg的子弹以200m/s的速率射入一固定墙\n2000\n壁内，设子弹所受阻力与其进入墙壁的深度x的关系如图\n所示，则该子弹能进入墙壁的深度为\n()\n(A)0.02m; (B) 0.04 m (C) 0.21m; (D)0 .23mo .\n[提示:先写出阻力与深度的关系F=\n10°x x≤0.02\n利用w=-mv2有\n0.02\n|2x103 x> 0.02\nJo\n10°xdx+ [ 2x10dx= -x0.02x(200)2，求得x= 0.21m]\nJ002\n3-1.对于质点组有以下几种说法:\n(1)质点组总动量的改变与内力无关; (2) 质点组总动能的改变与内力无关;\n(3)质点组机械能的改变与保守内力无关。\n对上述说法判断正确的是\n()\n(A)只有(1)是正确的;\n(B) (1)、 (2)是正确的;\n(C) (1)、 (3)是正确的;\n(D) (2)、(3)是正确的。\n[提示: (1)见书P55，只有外力才树系统的动量变化有贡献; (2)见书P74，质点系动能的增里等于作用\n于质点系的一切外力作的功与-切内力作的功之和; (3)见书P75，质点系机械能的增量等于外力与非保\n守内力作功之和]\n3-2.有两个倾角不同、高度相同、质量-样的斜面放在光滑的水平面上，斜面是光滑的，\n有两个一样的物块分别从这两个斜面的顶点由静止开始滑下，则\n()\n(A)物块到达斜面底端时的动量相等; (B) 物块到达斜面底端时的动能相等;\n(C)物块和斜面(以及地球)组成的系统,机械能不守恒;\n(D)物块和斜面组成的系统水平方向上动量守恒。\n[提示:首先要明白的是物块从斜面上下滑到底部时，斜面也在地面上滑动。(A)动量是矢里; (B)两斜\n面最后获得的动能不同，所以，两物块到达斜面底端的动能也不同; (C) 物块和斜面(以及地球)组成的\n系统，没有外力或非保守内力作功，则机械能守恒; (D)系统水平方向上无外力作用，故系统水平方向.上\n动量守恒]\n', '645', '1', '4', '3', '5');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('45', '大学物理刚体部分知识点总结', '一、刚体的简单运动知识点总结\n1.刚体运动的最简单形式为平行移动和绕定轴转动。\n2.刚体平行移动。\n刚体内任一直线段在运动过程中，始终与它的最初位置平行，此种运动称\n为刚体平行移动，或平移。\n刚体作平移时，刚体内各点的轨迹形状完全相同，各点的轨迹可能是直线,\n也可能是曲线。\n刚体作平移时，在同一瞬时刚体内各点的速度和加速度大小、方向都相同。\n3.刚体绕定轴转动。\n●刚体运动时，其中有两点保持不动，此运动称为刚体绕定轴转动，或转动。\n●刚体的转动方程φ=f(t)表示刚体的位置随时间的变化规律。\n角速度w表示刚体转动快慢程度和转向，是代数量，φ=w。 角速度也可\n以用矢量表示，百=E。\n角加速度表示角速度对时间的变化率，是代数量，a=∞=ψ，当a与w\n同号时，刚体作匀加速转动;当a与w异号时，刚体作匀诚速转动。角加速度\ndo\na== axk\n也可以用矢量表示，\ndt\n', '751', '1', '4', '1', '4');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('46', '大学物理 狭义相对论知识点总结', '1.狭义相对论基本原理\n(1)相对性原理:在所有惯性系中物理定律的表达形式都相同;\n(2) 光速不变原理:在所有惯性系中，真空中的光速具有相同的量值c.\nx- Vt\nx\'+Dt\'\n下1-0%\nx=\n不%\n2.洛伦兹变换\ny=)\n逆变换为:\n.y=y\'\n乙=乙\n乙= z\'\n{_ VXx/\nt\'_ vxe\'\n/ c2\n\' c2\nt=\n√1-v/c2\n√1-D2/C2\n3.相对论的时空观\n(1)同时的相对性; (2)时间延缓△t =- 20 = =; (3)尺度缩短\n的平\n)2\n/c2\n4.相对论中的质量、动量和能量:\n(1)质量与速度的关系:\nm=__ m\n√1-%/2\n(2)动量的定义: p=_\"”\n(3) 静止能量: E=mc2 总能量: E=mc2\n(1-v/C2\n动能: E=E-E。=mc2 -mc2 =mc(-\n一 -1) 当口c时，即是经典力学\n/1- v\n/c2\n中的动能。\n', '84', '1', '4', '1', '1');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('47', '大学物理静电场总结', '1、电场强度\n(1)、试验电荷在 电场中不同点所受电场力的大小、方向都可能不同;而在\n同一点，电场力的大小与试验电荷电量成正比,若试验电荷异号,则所\nF\n受电场力的方向相反。我们就用一来表示电场中某点的电场强度，用\nE表示，即E=\nF\n对电场强度的理解\n①反映电场本身性质，与所放电荷无关。\n②E的大小为单位电荷在该点所受电场力，E的方向为正电荷所受电场力\n的方向。\n③单位为N/C或V/m\n④电场中空间各点场强的大小和方向都相同称为勻强电场\n(2)、点电荷的电场强度\n以点电荷Q所在处为原点O，任取一点P(场点),点O到点P的位矢为r,把试\n验电荷q放在P点，有库仑定律可知，所受电场力为:\nE=\nF\n1\nq 4πεor\'\n', '11', '1', '4', '1', '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('48', '大学物理有什么好的网课资源或是公众号?', '网上的资源有：\r\n\r\n中国大学MOOC的课程\r\n\r\n这个是网易出的，好像是和很多高校合作的，所以有很多老师放公开课程在上面，我等当然是拿了直接学习啦，毕竟免费课谁不爱呢～\r\n\r\n传送门：中国大学MOOC.高斯课堂、猴博士、高数叔等速成课\r\n\r\n类似的速成课网上很多，这种课的话就是学起来贼快，基础知识一股脑塞进脑子，期末考试前大家复（zi）习（jiu）的最爱～（划掉X2）\r\n\r\n传送门：心情小店。作者：南瓜之南\n链接：https://www.zhihu.com/question/294572158/answer/1113913094\n', '6', '1', '4', '5', '2');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('49', '大学物理实验报告', '物理实验除了使学生受到系统的科学实验方法和实验技能的训练外bai，通过书写实验报告，还要培养学生将来从事科学研究和工程技术开发的论文书写基础。因此，实验报告是实验课学习的重要组成部分，希望同学们能认真对待。\n正规的实验报告，应包含以下六个方面的内容：\n(1)实验目的；\n(2)实验原理；\n(3)实验仪器设备；\n(4)实验内容(简单步骤)及原始数据；\n(5)数据处理及结论；\n(6)结果的分析讨论。\n现就物理实验报告的具体写作要点作一些介绍，供同学们参考。\n一、实验目的\n不同的实验有不同的训练目的，通常如讲义所述。但在具体实验过程中，有些内容未曾进行，或改变了实验内容。因此，不能完全照书本上抄，应按课堂要求并结合自己的体会来写。\n如：实验4-2 金属杨氏弹性模量的测量\n实验目的\n1．掌握尺读望远镜的调节方法，能分析视差产生的原因并消除视差；\n2．掌握用光杠杆测量长度微小变化量的原理，正确选择长度测量工具；\n3．学会不同测量次数时的不确定度估算方法，分析各直接测量对实验结果影响大小； 4．练习用逐差法和作图法处理数据。\n二、实验原理\n实验原理是科学实验的基本依据。实验设计是否合理，实验所依据的测量公式是否严密可靠，实验采用什么规格的仪器，要求精度如何？\n应在原理中交代清楚。\n1．必须有简明扼要的语言文字叙述。通常教材可能过于详细，目的在便于学生阅读和理解。书写报告时不能完全照书本上抄，应该用自己的语言进行归纳阐述。文字务必清晰、通顺。\n2．所用的公式及其来源，简要的推导过程。\n3．为阐述原理而必要的原理图或实验装置示意图。不止一张，应依次编号，安插在相应的文字附近。\n三、实验仪器设备\n在科学实验中，仪器设备是根据实验原理的要求来配置的，书写时应记录：仪器的名称、型号、规格和数量(根据实验时实际情况如实记录，没有用到的不写，更不能照抄教材)；在科学实验中往往还要记录仪器的生产厂家、出厂日期和出厂编号，以便在核查实验结果时提供可靠依据；电磁学实验中普通连接导线不必记录，或写上导线若干即可。但特殊的连接电缆必须注明。\n四、实验内容及原始数据\n概括性地写出实验的主要内容或步骤，特别是关键性的步骤和注意事项。根据测量所得如实记录原始数据，多次测量或数据较多时一定要对数据进行列表，特别注意有效数字的正确，指出各物理量的单位，必要时要注明实验或测量条件。\n五、数据处理及结论\n1．对于需要进行数值计算而得出实验结果的，测量所得的原始数据必须如实代入计算公式，不能在公式后立即写出结果；\n2．对结果需进行不确定度分析(个别不确定度估算较为困难的实验除外)；\n3．写出实验结果的表达式(测量值、不确定度、单位及置信度，置信度为0.95时可不必说明)，实验结果的有效数字必须正确；\n4．若所测量的物理量有标准值或标称值，则应与实验结果比较，求相对误差。\n5．需要作图时，需附在报告中。\n六、结果的分析讨论\n一篇好的实验报告，除了有准确的测量记录和正确的数据处理、结论外，还应该对结果作出合理的分析讨论，从中找到被研究事物的运动规律，并且判断自己的实验或研究工作是否可信或有所发现。\n一份只有数据记录和结果计算的报告，其实只完成了测试操作人员的测试记录工作。至于数据结果的好坏、实验过程还存在哪些问题、还要在哪些方面进一步研究和完善？等等，都需要我们去思考、分析和判断，从而提高理论联系实际、综合能力和创新能力。', '8', '1', '4', '2', '3');
INSERT INTO `knowledge` VALUES ('50', '大学物理实验', '1.依照测里方法的不同，可将测里分为\n直接测童\n_和_ 」间接测里\n_两大类。\n2.误差产生的原因很多,按照误差产生的原因和不同性质，可将误差分为疏失误差__\n系统误差\n和\n随机误差\n3.测量中的视差多属\n随机\n误差;天平不等臂产生的误差属于\n系统\n误差。\n4.已知某地重力加速度值为9.794m/s2 ,甲、乙、丙三人测量的结果依次分别为: 9790 +0.024nv/s2、9 811 +0.004mu/s2 .979540.006mn/s2，\n其中精密度最高的是_ 乙，准确度最高的是_ 丙\n5.累加放大则里方法用来测里，\n微小等里\n物理童，使用该方法的目的是减小仪器造成的误差从而减小不确定度。若仪器的极\n限误差为04，要求测量的不确定度小于0.04，则累加倍数N>l\n6\n6.示波器的示波管主要由.\n电子枪\n偏转板\n和荧光屏组成。\n7.已知y=2X1r3Xx+5X3，直接测量里X1，X2，X3的不确定度分别为&X1、OX2、0X3，则间接测里里的不确定度凸y=\n√40x +9△x2 +250x3\n9、对于05级的电压表,使用量程为3V，若用它单次测里某一电压U，测里值为2.763V，则测里结果应表示为U=_」2.763士0.009V_，\n相对不确定度为B=.\n0.3%\n10、滑线变阻器的两种用法是接成,\n分压\n线路或\n限流\n线路。\n', '0', '0', '4', null, '4');

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INSERT INTO `type` VALUES ('3', '高数');
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INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('4', '18842609816', 'qq123456');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('5', '13304099859', '111111');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('6', '18940929728', 'Qwerty');
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INSERT INTO `user_detail` VALUES ('6', '高数坠物', '游戏', '女', '大连东软信息学院', null, '6');
INSERT INTO `user_detail` VALUES ('7', null, null, '男', null, null, '7');
INSERT INTO `user_detail` VALUES ('8', null, null, null, null, null, '8');

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  KEY `FK_admin_id` (`aid`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_admin_id` FOREIGN KEY (`aid`) REFERENCES `admin` (`aid`) ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of words
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `words` VALUES ('1', '笔记', '3');
INSERT INTO `words` VALUES ('2', '教程', '3');
INSERT INTO `words` VALUES ('3', '题目', '1');
INSERT INTO `words` VALUES ('4', '易错点', '1');
INSERT INTO `words` VALUES ('5', '小白', '2');
INSERT INTO `words` VALUES ('6', '考研', '1');