diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 3e79495..fb31930 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@ +[![Review Assignment Due Date](https://classroom.github.com/assets/deadline-readme-button-22041afd0340ce965d47ae6ef1cefeee28c7c493a6346c4f15d667ab976d596c.svg)](https://classroom.github.com/a/WfNmjXUk) +[![Open in Visual Studio Code](https://classroom.github.com/assets/open-in-vscode-2e0aaae1b6195c2367325f4f02e2d04e9abb55f0b24a779b69b11b9e10269abc.svg)](https://classroom.github.com/online_ide?assignment_repo_id=15396610&assignment_repo_type=AssignmentRepo) # SE-Assignment-6 Assignment: Introduction to Python Instructions: @@ -7,33 +9,147 @@ Answer the following questions based on your understanding of Python programming 1. Python Basics: - What is Python, and what are some of its key features that make it popular among developers? Provide examples of use cases where Python is particularly effective. + Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language known for its: +Readability: Its syntax is clear and concise, resembling natural language, making it easier to learn and understand. +Versatility: Python can be used for various tasks, including web development, data analysis, machine learning, scripting, and automation. +Large Standard Library: Python comes with a vast collection of built-in modules and libraries for common functionalities. +Large Community and Resources: Python has a large and active community, providing extensive documentation, tutorials, and support. + +Use Cases: +Web Development: Frameworks like Django and Flask make Python popular for building web applications. +Data Science and Machine Learning: Libraries like NumPy, pandas, and scikit-learn empower data analysis and machine learning tasks. +Scripting and Automation: Python excels in automating repetitive tasks and system administration. +Scientific Computing: Libraries like SciPy and Matplotlib are valuable tools for scientific computing and data visualization. + 2. Installing Python: - Describe the steps to install Python on your operating system (Windows, macOS, or Linux). Include how to verify the installation and set up a virtual environment. +MACOs: +Download the latest installer from https://www.python.org/downloads/. +Run the installer and follow the on-screen instructions. +Check installation by opening a command prompt and typing python --version. +Consider using virtual environments (venv) to isolate project dependencies: +Open a command prompt and navigate to your project directory. +Run python -m venv my_venv (replace my_venv with your desired name). +Activate the virtual environment: my_venv\Scripts\activate.bat (adjust path based on your OS). 3. Python Syntax and Semantics: - Write a simple Python program that prints "Hello, World!" to the console. Explain the basic syntax elements used in the program. +print("Hello, World!") + +Explanation: +print(): A built-in function that displays output on the console. +"Hello, World!": A string literal enclosed in double quotes, representing the text to be printed. 4. Data Types and Variables: - List and describe the basic data types in Python. Write a short script that demonstrates how to create and use variables of different data types. +Basic Data Types: + +int: Integer numbers (e.g., 42, -100). +float: Floating-point numbers (e.g., 3.14, -2.5). +str: String of characters (e.g., "This is a string"). +bool: Boolean values (True or False). + +my_number = 10 +pi = 3.14159 +greeting = "Hello" +is_running = True + +print(f"my_number (int): {my_number}") +print(f"pi (float): {pi}") +print(f"greeting (str): {greeting}") +print(f"is_running (bool): {is_running}") + 5. Control Structures: - Explain the use of conditional statements and loops in Python. Provide examples of an `if-else` statement and a `for` loop. +if-else: Executes code based on a condition. + +age = 25 +if age >= 18: + print("You are eligible to vote.") +else: + print("You are not eligible to vote.") + + +for: Iterates a block of code a specific number of times or over a sequence of items. + +fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"] +for fruit in fruits: + print(f"I like {fruit}.") + 6. Functions in Python: - What are functions in Python, and why are they useful? Write a Python function that takes two arguments and returns their sum. Include an example of how to call this function. +Functions are reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks. + +def add_numbers(x, y): + """This function adds two numbers and returns the sum.""" + return x + y + +# Call the function +result = add_numbers(5, 3) +print(f"The sum is: {result}") + + + 7. Lists and Dictionaries: - Describe the differences between lists and dictionaries in Python. Write a script that creates a list of numbers and a dictionary with some key-value pairs, then demonstrates basic operations on both. + +Lists: Ordered, mutable collections of items. +Dictionaries: Unordered collections of key-value pairs. + + +numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] +person = { + "name": "Alice", + "age": 30, + "city": "New York" +} + 8. Exception Handling: - What is exception handling in Python? Provide an example of how to use `try`, `except`, and `finally` blocks to handle errors in a Python script. + Exception handling allows us to gracefully manage errors that might occur during program execution. + +try: + result = 10 / 0 +except ZeroDivisionError: + print("Error: Division by zero") +finally: + + print("This block always executes.") + 9. Modules and Packages: - Explain the concepts of modules and packages in Python. How can you import and use a module in your script? Provide an example using the `math` module. +Modules: Reusable Python code files containing functions, variables, and classes.Packages: Hierarchical collections of modules organized into directories. + +import math +print(f"Square root of 16: {math.sqrt(16)}") +print(f"Pi value: {math.pi}") + + -10. File I/O: +11. File I/O: - How do you read from and write to files in Python? Write a script that reads the content of a file and prints it to the console, and another script that writes a list of strings to a file. + +Reading from a File: + +with open("data.txt", "r") as file: + contents = file.read() + print(contents) + +with open("data.txt", "r") as file: + for line in file: + print(line.strip()) +Writing to a File: +with open("output.txt", "w") as file: + file.write("This is some text written to the file.") + +with open("output.txt", "a") as file: + file.write("\nMore text appended.") # Submission Guidelines: - Your answers should be well-structured, concise, and to the point.