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|**Demand**| 25 | 36 | 5 |**66**|
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🟡 The values in the matrix represent the **quantities transported**.
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🟠 Quantities from the dummy origin A represent **unsatisfied demand**.
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\]
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```
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🟡 The values in the matrix represent the **quantities transported**.
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🟠 $begin:math:text$ X_{A2} = 1 $end:math:text$, $begin:math:text$ X_{A3} = 5 $end:math:text$: These are **unsatisfied demands**.
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## 🧠 [Relation to Algorithms]()
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The transportation algorithm follows the **same logic as the Simplex method**, but with **simplifications** tailored to the structure of transportation problems:
-[We will use two methods to find a basic solution]():
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-**Northwest Corner Method**
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-**Least Cost Method**
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These provide starting points for optimization.
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***These provide starting points for optimization***.
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### [2nd Phase](): Optimality Check:
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After obtaining a feasible solution, we check for optimality using methods like:
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-**MODI Method** (Modified Distribution)
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-**Stepping Stone Method**
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These determine whether cost can be further reduced by adjusting flows along loops in the matrix.
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## ➢ [Steps]():
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1.**Start in the top-left (northwest) corner** of the transportation table.
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[1](). **Start in the top-left (northwest) corner** of the transportation table.
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- This is always cell $begin:math:text$ x_{11} $end:math:text$.
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2.**Allocate as much as possible** to the selected cell, respecting the available supply and demand.
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[2](). **Allocate as much as possible** to the selected cell, respecting the available supply and demand.
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3.**Block the row or column** where the supply or demand has been fully used (but only one if both are zero simultaneously).
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[3](). **Block the row or column** where the supply or demand has been fully used (but only one if both are zero simultaneously).
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- Mark the blocked row/column with an 'x'.
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- This ensures that some basic variables have zero values (necessary for basic feasible solution).
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[4](). **Repeat** the steps with the next unblocked cell in the top-left of the remaining matrix.
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4.**Repeat** the steps with the next unblocked cell in the top-left of the remaining matrix.
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🔁 Continue until all cells are either allocated or blocked.
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## ➢ [Steps]():
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1.**Identify the cell with the lowest unit cost** in the cost matrix among the remaining unallocated cells.
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[1](). **Identify the cell with the lowest unit cost** in the cost matrix among the remaining unallocated cells.
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2.**Allocate as much as possible** to this cell, without exceeding supply or demand constraints.
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3.**Adjust the supply and demand**for the row and column of the allocated cell.
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[2](). **Allocate as much as possible**to this cell, without exceeding supply or demand constraints.
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4.**Remove** (cross out) the row or column where supply or demand becomes zero. If both are zero simultaneously, cross out only one to maintain feasibility.
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[3](). **Adjust the supply and demand** for the row and column of the allocated cell.
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[4](). **Remove** (cross out) the row or column where supply or demand becomes zero. If both are zero simultaneously, cross out only one to maintain feasibility.
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5.**Repeat** the steps until all supplies and demands are met.
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[5](). **Repeat** the steps until all supplies and demands are met.
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