diff --git a/app/__init__.py b/app/__init__.py
index 70b4cabfe..1350259a3 100644
--- a/app/__init__.py
+++ b/app/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,30 @@
 from flask import Flask
+from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
+from flask_migrate import Migrate
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+import os
 
+db = SQLAlchemy()
+migrate = Migrate(compare_type=True)
+load_dotenv()
 
 def create_app(test_config=None):
     app = Flask(__name__)
 
+    app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False
+
+    if test_config:
+        app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = os.environ.get("SQLALCHEMY_TEST_DATABASE_URI")
+        app.config['TESTING'] = True
+    else:
+        app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = os.environ.get("SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI")
+
+    from app.models.planet import Planet
+
+    db.init_app(app)
+    migrate.init_app(app, db)
+
+    from .routes import planets_bp
+    app.register_blueprint(planets_bp)
+
     return app
diff --git a/app/models/__init__.py b/app/models/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/app/models/planet.py b/app/models/planet.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..26bc5261b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/models/planet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from app import db
+
+# planets = [Planet(1, "Neptune", "thick, windy", 1.024e26 ),
+#            Planet(2, "Mars", "dusty, cold desert",6.39e23),
+#            Planet(3, "Earth", "rocky, terrestrial, full of life",5.972e24)
+#            ]
+
+class Planet(db.Model):
+    __tablename__ = 'planets'
+    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
+    name = db.Column(db.String, nullable=False)
+    description = db.Column(db.String, nullable=False)
+    mass = db.Column(db.Float, nullable=False)
+    # gravity = db.Column(db.Float, nullable=False)
+    # dist_sun = db.Column(db.Float, nullable=False)
+    # n_moons = db.Column(db.Integer, nullable=False)
+    # water
+    # temperature
+    # atmosphere
+    
+    def get_all_attrs():
+        """
+        Returns all existing attributes (list) in Planet class
+        """
+        return [attr for attr in dir(Planet) if not attr.startswith('__')]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/routes.py b/app/routes.py
index 8e9dfe684..33838b3e0 100644
--- a/app/routes.py
+++ b/app/routes.py
@@ -1,2 +1,150 @@
-from flask import Blueprint
+from app import db
+from flask import Blueprint, jsonify, abort, make_response, request
+from .models.planet import Planet
 
+
+planets_bp = Blueprint("planets", __name__, url_prefix = "/planets")
+
+
+# ~~~~~~ Helper functions ~~~~~
+# TO DO: Create separate helper function module or add as class method #
+def validate_id(planet_id):
+    """
+    Checks if planet id is valid and returns error messages for invalid inputs
+    :params:
+    - planet_id (int)
+    :returns:
+    - planet (object) if valid planet id valid
+    """
+    try:
+        planet_id_int = int(planet_id)
+    except:
+        # handling invalid planet id type
+        abort(make_response({"message": f"{planet_id} is an invalid planet id"}, 400))
+
+    # return planet data if id in db
+    planet = Planet.query.get(planet_id)
+
+    # handle nonexistant planet id
+    if not planet:
+        abort(make_response({"message": f"{planet_id} not found"}, 404))
+    return planet
+
+def process_kwargs(queries):
+    """
+    Separate kwargs from HTTP request into separate dicts based on SQLAlchemy query method
+    :params:
+    - queries (dict)
+    :returns:
+    - attrs (dict): planet class attributes kwargs for filter_by
+        ** name, description, mass
+    - orderby (dict): method kwargs for order_by
+        ** sort_mass, sort_name
+    - sels (dict): selected number of results for limit
+    """
+    planet_attrs = Planet.get_all_attrs()
+    order_methods = ["sort", "desc"]
+    attrs = {}
+    orderby = {}
+    sels = {}
+    for kwarg in queries:
+        if kwarg in planet_attrs:
+            attrs[kwarg] = queries[kwarg]
+        elif kwarg in order_methods:
+            orderby[kwarg] = queries[kwarg]
+        elif kwarg == "limit":
+            sels[kwarg] = queries[kwarg]
+        else:
+            abort(make_response(
+                {"message" : f"{kwarg} is an invalid query"}, 400
+            ))
+    return attrs, orderby, sels
+
+
+@planets_bp.route("",methods= ["GET"])
+def display_all_planets():
+    # collect query & parse kwargs
+    planet_query = Planet.query
+    attrs, orderby, sels = process_kwargs(request.args.to_dict())
+    if attrs:
+        #  filter by attribute kwargs e.g name=Earth
+        planet_query = planet_query.filter_by(**attrs)
+    if "sort" in orderby:
+        # sort by given attribute e.g.sort=mass
+        clause = getattr(Planet, orderby["sort"])
+        if "desc" in orderby:
+            # sort in descending order e.g.desc=True
+            planet_query = planet_query.order_by(clause.desc())
+        else:
+            # default is asc=True
+            planet_query = planet_query.order_by(clause.asc())
+    if sels:
+        # limit selection of planets to view
+        planet_query = planet_query.limit(**sels)
+    # perform query
+    planets = planet_query.all()
+    # fill http response
+    response_planets = []
+    for planet in planets:
+        response_planets.append({
+            "id": planet.id,
+            "name": planet.name,
+            "description": planet.description,
+            "mass": planet.mass
+        })  
+    return jsonify(response_planets)
+
+
+# ~~~~~~ Single planet endpoint ~~~~~~
+@planets_bp.route("/<planet_id>",methods=["GET"])
+def display_planet(planet_id):
+    valid_planet = validate_id(planet_id)
+    return {
+        "id": valid_planet.id,
+        "name": valid_planet.name,
+        "description": valid_planet.description,
+        "mass": valid_planet.mass,
+    }
+
+
+@planets_bp.route("", methods=["POST"])
+def create_planet():
+    request_body = request.get_json()
+
+    if "name" not in request_body or "description" not in request_body \
+            or "mass" not in request_body:
+        abort(make_response({"message" : \
+                "Failed to create a planet because the name and/or description \
+                and/or mass are missing"}, 400))
+
+    new_planet = Planet(
+        name=request_body["name"],
+        description=request_body["description"],
+        mass=request_body["mass"])
+
+    db.session.add(new_planet)
+    db.session.commit()
+
+    return make_response({"message":"planet has been created successfully"}, 201)
+
+@planets_bp.route("/<planet_id>", methods=["PUT"])
+def update_planet(planet_id):
+    request_body = request.get_json()
+    planet = validate_id(planet_id)
+    planet.name = request_body["name"] if "name" in request_body else planet.name 
+    planet.description = request_body["description"] if "description" in request_body else planet.description
+    planet.mass = request_body["mass"] if "mass" in request_body else planet.mass
+    db.session.commit()
+    return make_response(
+        {"message": f"planet #{planet_id} Updated Successfully"}, 200
+    )
+
+
+@planets_bp.route("/<planet_id>", methods=["DELETE"])
+def delete_planet(planet_id):
+    planet = validate_id(planet_id)
+    db.session.delete(planet)
+    db.session.commit()
+    return make_response(
+        {"message": f"planet #{planet_id} has been deleted successfully"}, 200
+    )
diff --git a/migrations/README b/migrations/README
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..98e4f9c44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/README
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Generic single-database configuration.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/migrations/alembic.ini b/migrations/alembic.ini
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f8ed4801f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/alembic.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# A generic, single database configuration.
+
+[alembic]
+# template used to generate migration files
+# file_template = %%(rev)s_%%(slug)s
+
+# set to 'true' to run the environment during
+# the 'revision' command, regardless of autogenerate
+# revision_environment = false
+
+
+# Logging configuration
+[loggers]
+keys = root,sqlalchemy,alembic
+
+[handlers]
+keys = console
+
+[formatters]
+keys = generic
+
+[logger_root]
+level = WARN
+handlers = console
+qualname =
+
+[logger_sqlalchemy]
+level = WARN
+handlers =
+qualname = sqlalchemy.engine
+
+[logger_alembic]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = alembic
+
+[handler_console]
+class = StreamHandler
+args = (sys.stderr,)
+level = NOTSET
+formatter = generic
+
+[formatter_generic]
+format = %(levelname)-5.5s [%(name)s] %(message)s
+datefmt = %H:%M:%S
diff --git a/migrations/env.py b/migrations/env.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8b3fb3353
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/env.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+from __future__ import with_statement
+
+import logging
+from logging.config import fileConfig
+
+from sqlalchemy import engine_from_config
+from sqlalchemy import pool
+from flask import current_app
+
+from alembic import context
+
+# this is the Alembic Config object, which provides
+# access to the values within the .ini file in use.
+config = context.config
+
+# Interpret the config file for Python logging.
+# This line sets up loggers basically.
+fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
+logger = logging.getLogger('alembic.env')
+
+# add your model's MetaData object here
+# for 'autogenerate' support
+# from myapp import mymodel
+# target_metadata = mymodel.Base.metadata
+config.set_main_option(
+    'sqlalchemy.url',
+    str(current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.engine.url).replace('%', '%%'))
+target_metadata = current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.metadata
+
+# other values from the config, defined by the needs of env.py,
+# can be acquired:
+# my_important_option = config.get_main_option("my_important_option")
+# ... etc.
+
+
+def run_migrations_offline():
+    """Run migrations in 'offline' mode.
+
+    This configures the context with just a URL
+    and not an Engine, though an Engine is acceptable
+    here as well.  By skipping the Engine creation
+    we don't even need a DBAPI to be available.
+
+    Calls to context.execute() here emit the given string to the
+    script output.
+
+    """
+    url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url")
+    context.configure(
+        url=url, target_metadata=target_metadata, literal_binds=True
+    )
+
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+def run_migrations_online():
+    """Run migrations in 'online' mode.
+
+    In this scenario we need to create an Engine
+    and associate a connection with the context.
+
+    """
+
+    # this callback is used to prevent an auto-migration from being generated
+    # when there are no changes to the schema
+    # reference: http://alembic.zzzcomputing.com/en/latest/cookbook.html
+    def process_revision_directives(context, revision, directives):
+        if getattr(config.cmd_opts, 'autogenerate', False):
+            script = directives[0]
+            if script.upgrade_ops.is_empty():
+                directives[:] = []
+                logger.info('No changes in schema detected.')
+
+    connectable = engine_from_config(
+        config.get_section(config.config_ini_section),
+        prefix='sqlalchemy.',
+        poolclass=pool.NullPool,
+    )
+
+    with connectable.connect() as connection:
+        context.configure(
+            connection=connection,
+            target_metadata=target_metadata,
+            process_revision_directives=process_revision_directives,
+            **current_app.extensions['migrate'].configure_args
+        )
+
+        with context.begin_transaction():
+            context.run_migrations()
+
+
+if context.is_offline_mode():
+    run_migrations_offline()
+else:
+    run_migrations_online()
diff --git a/migrations/script.py.mako b/migrations/script.py.mako
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2c0156303
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/script.py.mako
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"""${message}
+
+Revision ID: ${up_revision}
+Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
+Create Date: ${create_date}
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+${imports if imports else ""}
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = ${repr(up_revision)}
+down_revision = ${repr(down_revision)}
+branch_labels = ${repr(branch_labels)}
+depends_on = ${repr(depends_on)}
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    ${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    ${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}
diff --git a/migrations/versions/040c4f56aefe_.py b/migrations/versions/040c4f56aefe_.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..048f67d14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/versions/040c4f56aefe_.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""empty message
+
+Revision ID: 040c4f56aefe
+Revises: 
+Create Date: 2022-12-21 18:58:13.305413
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = '040c4f56aefe'
+down_revision = None
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.create_table('planets',
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Integer(), autoincrement=True, nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('mass', sa.Float(), nullable=False),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.drop_table('planets')
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
diff --git a/planets.csv b/planets.csv
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad6c2ef2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/planets.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+1	Neptune	thick, windy	1.0239999999999999e+26
+2	Earth	rocky, terrestrial, full of life	5.972e+24
+3	Mars	dusty, cold desert	6.39e+23
+6	Mercury	small, solid & covered with craters	3.285e+23
+7	Venus	Bright and solid surface with dome-like volcanoes, rifts, and mountains	4.867e+24
+8	Jupiter	Cold, windy clouds of ammonia and water	1.89813e+27
+9	Saturn	Massive ball made mostly of hydrogen and helium	5.683e+26
+10	Uranus	Hot dense fluid of 'icy' materials - water, methane, and ammonia	8.681e+25
diff --git a/tests/__init__.py b/tests/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..63d98d39c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import pytest
+from app import create_app, db
+from flask.signals import request_finished
+from app.models.planet import Planet
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def app():
+    app = create_app(test_config=True)
+
+    @request_finished.connect_via(app)
+    def expire_session(sender, response, **extra):
+        db.session.remove()
+
+    with app.app_context():
+        db.create_all()
+        yield app
+
+    with app.app_context():
+        db.drop_all()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client(app):
+    return app.test_client()
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def two_saved_planets(app):
+    earth = Planet(name="Earth", \
+            description="rocky, terrestrial, full of life", mass=5.972e24)
+    mars = Planet(name="Mars", description="dusty, cold desert", \
+            mass=6.39e23)
+    planets = [earth, mars]
+    db.session.add_all(planets)
+    db.session.commit()
+
+    for planet in planets:
+        db.session.refresh(planet, ["id"])
+
+    return planets
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/test_routes.py b/tests/test_routes.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..359a02180
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_routes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+def test_get_all_planets_with_empty_db_returns_empty_list(client):
+    response = client.get("/planets")
+    
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.get_json() == []
+
+
+def test_get_one_planet(client, two_saved_planets):
+    # Act
+    response = client.get("/planets/1")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == {
+            "id" : 1,
+            "name": "Earth",
+            "description": "rocky, terrestrial, full of life",
+            "mass": 5.972e24
+    }
+
+def test_create_one_planet(client):
+    #Act
+    response = client.post("/planets", json = {
+         "name": "Neptune", 
+         "description": "thick, windy", 
+         "mass":1.024e26
+    })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    #Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 201
+    assert response_body == {"message":"planet has been created successfully"}
+
+def test_create_one_planet_missing_mass_return_400(client):
+    #Act
+    response = client.post("/planets", json = {
+         "name": "Neptune", 
+         "description": "thick, windy"
+    })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    #Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == {"message" : \
+                "Failed to create a planet because the name and/or description \
+                and/or mass are missing"}
+
+
+def test_get_planet_by_id_with_empty_db_returns_404(client):
+    response = client.get("/planets/1")
+    
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response.get_json() == {"message" : "1 not found"}
+
+
+def test_update_planet_successfully(client, two_saved_planets):
+    test_data = {"name" : "earth", 
+            "description" : "terrestrial, full of life",     
+            "mass" : 5.97e24}
+    response = client.put("planets/1", json=test_data)
+    
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.get_json() == {"message": "planet #1 Updated Successfully"}
+
+
+def test_get_planet_by_invalid_id_returns_400(client, two_saved_planets):
+    response = client.get("/planets/earth")
+    
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response.get_json() == {"message": "earth is an invalid planet id"}
+
+def test_get_planet_by_valid_data_returns_data_and_200(client, two_saved_planets):
+    response = client.get("/planets")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == [
+        {"name": "Earth",
+        "description": "rocky, terrestrial, full of life",
+        "mass": 5.972e24,
+        "id": 1},
+        {"name": "Mars",
+        "description": "dusty, cold desert",
+        "mass": 6.39e23,
+        "id": 2}
+    ]    
+
+def test_delete_planet_1_with_json_request_body_returns_200(client, two_saved_planets):
+    response = client.delete("/planets/1", json={
+        "name": "Earth",
+        "description": "rocky, terrestrial, full of life",
+        "mass": 5.972e24,
+        "id": 1
+    })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == {"message": f"planet #1 has been deleted successfully"}, 200
+
+def test_get_mass_desc_and_limit_1_returns_data_and_200(client, two_saved_planets):
+    response = client.get("/planets?sort=mass&desc=True&limit=1")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == [{
+        "name": "Earth",
+        "description": "rocky, terrestrial, full of life",
+        "mass": 5.972e24,
+        "id": 1
+    }]
+
+def test_get_name_desc_and_limit_1_returns_data_and_200(client, two_saved_planets):
+    response = client.get("/planets?sort=name&desc=True&limit=1")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == [{
+        "name": "Mars",
+        "description": "dusty, cold desert",
+        "mass": 6.39e23,
+        "id": 2
+    }]
+
+def test_get_by_invalid_query_returns_error_message_and_400(client, two_saved_planets):
+    response = client.get("/planets?hamster=True")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == {"message": "hamster is an invalid query"}