diff --git a/src/api/Controllers/DepartmentController.js b/src/api/Controllers/DepartmentController.js
index 824ebb2..4076923 100644
--- a/src/api/Controllers/DepartmentController.js
+++ b/src/api/Controllers/DepartmentController.js
@@ -1,58 +1,54 @@
-const DepartmentService = require('../Services/DepartmentServices');
-const path = require('path');
-const base = path.resolve(__dirname, '../../../');
-const sequelize = require(path.join(base, 'src', 'config', 'db.js'));
-const { DataTypes } = require('sequelize');
-const { UpdateProgram } = require('./ProgramCourseController');
-const { error } = require('console');
-const DepartmentModel = require('../Models/department')(sequelize, DataTypes)
+import DepartmentService from '../Services/DepartmentServices.js';
+import path from 'path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
+import { DataTypes } from 'sequelize';
+import { UpdateProgram } from './ProgramCourseController.js';
+import sequelize from '../../../src/config/db.js';
+import defineDepartmentModel from '../Models/department.js';
 
-exports.getAllDeparments = async(req, res)=>{
-    try{
+// Fix __dirname in ES modules
+const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
+const __dirname = path.dirname(__filename);
 
-     let {top, page, limit} = req.body
+// Initialize model
+const DepartmentModel = defineDepartmentModel(sequelize, DataTypes);
+
+// ✅ Get All Departments
+export const getAllDepartments = async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    let { top, page, limit } = req.body;
 
     // Convert string query params to numbers
     top = parseInt(top);
     page = parseInt(page);
     limit = parseInt(limit);
 
-    let queryOptions = {
-      order: [['createdAt', 'DESC']] // latest first
+    const queryOptions = {
+      order: [['createdAt', 'DESC']], // latest first
     };
 
     if (top) {
       // Return only top X records
       queryOptions.limit = top;
-    } 
-    else if (page && limit) {
-      // Apply pagination
-      const offset = (page - 1) * limit;
+    } else if (page && limit) {
       queryOptions.limit = limit;
-      queryOptions.offset = offset;
+      queryOptions.offset = (page - 1) * limit;
     }
 
-    DepartmentModel.findAll(queryOptions)
-    .then((departments) => {
-        res.status(200).json({
-        status: 'success',
-        data: departments.toJson()
-        });
-    })
-    .catch((error) => {
-        res.status(500).json({
-        status: 'error',
-        message: error.message
-        });
-    });
+    const departments = await DepartmentModel.findAll(queryOptions);
 
-    }catch(error){
-        res.status(error.status || 500).json({ error: error.message || 'Internal Server Error' });
-    }
-}
-
-
-exports.getDepartmentByID = async (req, res) => {
+    res.status(200).json({
+      status: 'success',
+      data: departments, // No need for toJson()
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    res
+      .status(error.status || 500)
+      .json({ error: error.message || 'Internal Server Error' });
+  }
+};
+// ✅ Get Department by ID
+export const getDepartmentByID = async (req, res) => {
   try {
     const { id } = req.params;
     const department = await DepartmentService.getDepartmentByID(id);
@@ -68,10 +64,11 @@ exports.getDepartmentByID = async (req, res) => {
   }
 };
 
-exports.createDeparment = async (req, res) => {
+// ✅ Create Department
+export const createDepartment = async (req, res) => {
   try {
-    const addDeparment = await DepartmentService.CreateDeparment(req.body);
-    if(addDeparment){
+    const addDepartment = await DepartmentService.CreateDeparment(req.body);
+    if (addDepartment) {
       res.status(201).json({
           message: addDeparment.message,
           data: addDeparment.data
@@ -82,7 +79,8 @@ exports.createDeparment = async (req, res) => {
   }
 };
 
-exports.UpdateDepartment = async (req, res) => {
+// ✅ Update Department
+export const updateDepartment = async (req, res) => {
   try {
     const update = await DepartmentService.UpdateDepartment(req, res);
     res.status(201).json({ message: update.message });
@@ -91,11 +89,11 @@ exports.UpdateDepartment = async (req, res) => {
   }
 };
 
-exports.DeleteDepartment = async(req, res)=>{
-  try{
-    const deleteDepartment = await DepartmentService.DeleteDepartment(req,res)
-  }catch(error){
+// ✅ Delete Department
+export const deleteDepartment = async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    await DepartmentService.DeleteDepartment(req, res);
+  } catch (error) {
     res.status(500).json({ message: error.message });
   }
-}
-
+};
diff --git a/src/api/Controllers/InstructorController.js b/src/api/Controllers/InstructorController.js
index b4b7d1e..acd12c1 100644
--- a/src/api/Controllers/InstructorController.js
+++ b/src/api/Controllers/InstructorController.js
@@ -1,18 +1,24 @@
-const InstructorService = require('../Services/InstructorServices');
-const path = require('path');
-const base = path.resolve(__dirname, '../../../');
-const sequelize = require(path.join(base, 'src', 'config', 'db.js'));
-const { DataTypes } = require('sequelize');
-const { error } = require('console');
-const User = require("../Models/User")(sequelize, DataTypes)
-const InstructorModel = require('../Models/instructor')(sequelize, DataTypes)
-const { verifyWebToken } = require("../../Middlewares/authMiddleware");
+import InstructorService from "../Services/InstructorServices.js";
+import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import { DataTypes } from "sequelize";
+import sequelize from "../../config/db.js";
+import UserModelDefiner from "../Models/user.js";
+import InstructorModelDefiner from "../Models/instructor.js";
+import { verifyWebToken } from "../../Middlewares/authMiddleware.js";
 
-exports.CreateInstructor = async (req, res) => {
-  try {
+// Resolve __dirname (ESM compatible)
+const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
+const __dirname = path.dirname(__filename);
+const base = path.resolve(__dirname, "../../../");
 
-    const {id, ...data} = req.body
+const User = UserModelDefiner(sequelize, DataTypes);
+const Instructor = InstructorModelDefiner(sequelize, DataTypes);
 
+// ✅ Create Instructor
+export const CreateInstructor = async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const {id, ...data} = req.body
     const findInstructor = await Instructor.findOne({ where: { user_id: id } });
 
     if (findInstructor) {
@@ -35,29 +41,35 @@ exports.CreateInstructor = async (req, res) => {
     });
   }
 };
-exports.UpdateInstructor = async(req, res)=>{
-    try{
-         const update =  await InstructorService.UpdateInstructor(req.param.id, req.body);
-         
-         return res.status(201).JSON({
-           success: true,
-           message: update.message
-         })
-    }catch(error ){
-      throw error;
-    }
-}
-exports.DeleteInstructor = async (req, res) => {
-  try {   
-      const DeleteInstructor = await InstructorService.DeleteInstructor(req.params.id);
-      return res.status(200).json({
-        success:true,
-        message: "Instructor deleted successfully" 
-      });
-    } catch (error) {
-      return res.status(500).json({ 
-        message: "Error deleting instructor", 
-        error: error.message 
-      });
-    }
-};   
+// ✅ Update Instructor
+export const UpdateInstructor = async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const update = await InstructorService.UpdateInstructor(req.params.id, req.body);
+
+    return res.status(201).json({
+      success: true,
+      message: update.message,
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    return res.status(500).json({
+      message: "Error updating instructor",
+      error: error.message,
+    });
+  }
+};
+// ✅ Delete Instructor
+export const DeleteInstructor = async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    await InstructorService.DeleteInstructor(req.params.id);
+
+    return res.status(200).json({
+      success: true,
+      message: "Instructor deleted successfully",
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    return res.status(500).json({
+      message: "Error deleting instructor",
+      error: error.message,
+    });
+  }
+};
diff --git a/src/api/Controllers/ProgramCourseController.js b/src/api/Controllers/ProgramCourseController.js
index 98bd42a..6e458c1 100644
--- a/src/api/Controllers/ProgramCourseController.js
+++ b/src/api/Controllers/ProgramCourseController.js
@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
-const ProgramService = require("../Services/ProgramCourseServices")
-const path = require('path');
-const base = path.resolve(__dirname, '../../../');
-const sequelize = require(path.join(base, 'src', 'config', 'db.js'));
-const { DataTypes } = require('sequelize');
-const ProgramCourse = require('../Models/programcourse')(sequelize, DataTypes)
+import ProgramService from "../Services/ProgramCourseServices.js";
+import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import { DataTypes } from "sequelize";
+import sequelize from "../../../src/config/db.js";
+import defineProgramCourse from "../Models/programcourse.js";
 
-exports.createProgram = async (req, res) => {
+const ProgramCourse = defineProgramCourse(sequelize, DataTypes);
+const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+
+// ✅ Create Program
+export const createProgram = async (req, res) => {
   try {
     const addProgram = await ProgramService.createProgram(req.body);
     if(addProgram){
@@ -19,7 +23,8 @@ exports.createProgram = async (req, res) => {
   }
 };
 
-exports.getAllPrograms = async (req, res) => {
+// ✅ Get All Programs
+export const getAllPrograms = async (req, res) => {
   try {
     let { top, page, limit } = req.body;
 
@@ -28,8 +33,8 @@ exports.getAllPrograms = async (req, res) => {
     page = parseInt(page);
     limit = parseInt(limit);
 
-    let queryOptions = {
-      order: [['createdAt', 'DESC']] // latest first
+    const queryOptions = {
+      order: [["createdAt", "DESC"]],
     };
 
     if (top) {
@@ -46,18 +51,20 @@ exports.getAllPrograms = async (req, res) => {
     const programs = await ProgramCourse.findAll(queryOptions);
 
     res.status(200).json({
-      status: 'success',
-      data: programs
+      status: "success",
+      data: programs,
     });
 
   } catch (error) {
-    res.status(500).json({ 
-      status: 'error',
-      message: error.message 
+    res.status(500).json({
+      status: "error",
+      message: error.message,
     });
   }
 };
-exports.UpdateProgram = async (req, res) => {
+
+// ✅ Update Program
+export const UpdateProgram = async (req, res) => {
   try {
     const result = await ProgramService.UpdateProgram(req.body);
 
@@ -82,6 +89,8 @@ exports.UpdateProgram = async (req, res) => {
     });
   }  
 };
-exports.DeleteProgram = async(id)=>{
-   return await ProgramService.DeleteProgram(id)
-}  
\ No newline at end of file
+
+// ✅ Delete Program
+export const DeleteProgram = async (id) => {
+  return await ProgramService.DeleteProgram(id);
+};
diff --git a/src/api/Controllers/userController.js b/src/api/Controllers/userController.js
index 74fecb8..54774b2 100644
--- a/src/api/Controllers/userController.js
+++ b/src/api/Controllers/userController.js
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-const userService = require('../Services/UserService');
+import userService from "../Services/UserService.js";
 
-exports.registerUser = async (req, res) => {
+// ✅ Register User
+export const registerUser = async (req, res) => {
   try {
     const newUser = await userService.registerUser(req.body);
     if(newUser){
@@ -14,24 +15,25 @@ exports.registerUser = async (req, res) => {
   }
 };
 
-exports.LoginUser = async(req,res)=>{
-  try{
-      
-    const isLogin  = await userService.LoginUser(req.body)
+// ✅ Login User
+export const LoginUser = async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const isLogin = await userService.LoginUser(req.body);
 
-    res.cookie('token', isLogin.token, {
-      httpOnly: true,
-      secure: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production',
-      sameSite: 'strict',
-      maxAge: 60 * 60 * 1000 
-    });
 
-    if(isLogin) {
-      return res.status(200).json({
-        message: 'Login successful',
+    if(isLogin) { 
+      res.cookie("token", isLogin.token, {
+        httpOnly: true,
+        secure: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production',
+        sameSite: 'strict',
+        maxAge: 60 * 60 * 1000 
       });
-    }
+
+        return res.status(200).json({
+          message: 'Login successful',
+        });
+      }
   }catch(error){
     res.status(error.status || 500).json({ error: error.message || 'Internal Server Error' });
   }
-}
+};