diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 899b3c1..6fae9af 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "derive_more 2.1.1",
  "hex",
  "k256",
- "rand 0.9.2",
+ "rand 0.10.1",
  "serde",
  "tiny-keccak",
 ]
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ version = "0.15.0"
 dependencies = [
  "agglayer-primitives",
  "hex",
- "rand 0.9.2",
+ "rand 0.10.1",
  "rs_merkle",
  "serde",
  "serde_with",
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "paste",
  "proptest",
  "proptest-derive",
- "rand 0.9.2",
+ "rand 0.9.4",
  "rapidhash",
  "ruint",
  "rustc-hash",
@@ -1593,7 +1593,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bolero-kani",
  "bolero-libfuzzer",
  "cfg-if",
- "rand 0.9.2",
+ "rand 0.9.4",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1616,7 +1616,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bolero-generator",
  "lazy_static",
  "pretty-hex",
- "rand 0.9.2",
+ "rand 0.9.4",
  "rand_xoshiro",
 ]
 
@@ -1821,6 +1821,17 @@ version = "0.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "613afe47fcd5fac7ccf1db93babcb082c5994d996f20b8b159f2ad1658eb5724"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "chacha20"
+version = "0.10.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6f8d983286843e49675a4b7a2d174efe136dc93a18d69130dd18198a6c167601"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "cpufeatures 0.3.0",
+ "rand_core 0.10.1",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "chrono"
 version = "0.4.40"
@@ -3000,11 +3011,25 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "js-sys",
  "libc",
- "r-efi",
+ "r-efi 5.2.0",
  "wasi 0.14.2+wasi-0.2.4",
  "wasm-bindgen",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "getrandom"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0de51e6874e94e7bf76d726fc5d13ba782deca734ff60d5bb2fb2607c7406555"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "libc",
+ "r-efi 6.0.0",
+ "rand_core 0.10.1",
+ "wasip2",
+ "wasip3",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "gimli"
 version = "0.31.1"
@@ -3445,6 +3470,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 2.0.117",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "id-arena"
+version = "2.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3d3067d79b975e8844ca9eb072e16b31c3c1c36928edf9c6789548c524d0d954"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "ident_case"
 version = "1.0.1"
@@ -3747,6 +3778,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "spin",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "leb128fmt"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "09edd9e8b54e49e587e4f6295a7d29c3ea94d469cb40ab8ca70b288248a81db2"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
 version = "0.2.185"
@@ -4958,7 +4995,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "getrandom 0.3.3",
  "lru-slab",
- "rand 0.9.2",
+ "rand 0.9.4",
  "ring",
  "rustc-hash",
  "rustls",
@@ -4999,6 +5036,12 @@ version = "5.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "74765f6d916ee2faa39bc8e68e4f3ed8949b48cccdac59983d287a7cb71ce9c5"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "r-efi"
+version = "6.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f8dcc9c7d52a811697d2151c701e0d08956f92b0e24136cf4cf27b57a6a0d9bf"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "radium"
 version = "0.7.0"
@@ -5019,15 +5062,26 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rand"
-version = "0.9.2"
+version = "0.9.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6db2770f06117d490610c7488547d543617b21bfa07796d7a12f6f1bd53850d1"
+checksum = "44c5af06bb1b7d3216d91932aed5265164bf384dc89cd6ba05cf59a35f5f76ea"
 dependencies = [
  "rand_chacha 0.9.0",
  "rand_core 0.9.3",
  "serde",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rand"
+version = "0.10.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d2e8e8bcc7961af1fdac401278c6a831614941f6164ee3bf4ce61b7edb162207"
+dependencies = [
+ "chacha20",
+ "getrandom 0.4.2",
+ "rand_core 0.10.1",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rand_chacha"
 version = "0.3.1"
@@ -5067,6 +5121,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_core"
+version = "0.10.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "63b8176103e19a2643978565ca18b50549f6101881c443590420e4dc998a3c69"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rand_xorshift"
 version = "0.3.0"
@@ -5416,7 +5476,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "primitive-types",
  "proptest",
  "rand 0.8.5",
- "rand 0.9.2",
+ "rand 0.9.4",
  "rlp",
  "ruint-macro",
  "serde_core",
@@ -7759,7 +7819,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "http",
  "httparse",
  "log",
- "rand 0.9.2",
+ "rand 0.9.4",
  "rustls",
  "rustls-pki-types",
  "sha1",
@@ -7978,6 +8038,24 @@ dependencies = [
  "wit-bindgen-rt",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "wasip2"
+version = "1.0.2+wasi-0.2.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9517f9239f02c069db75e65f174b3da828fe5f5b945c4dd26bd25d89c03ebcf5"
+dependencies = [
+ "wit-bindgen",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasip3"
+version = "0.4.0+wasi-0.3.0-rc-2026-01-06"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5428f8bf88ea5ddc08faddef2ac4a67e390b88186c703ce6dbd955e1c145aca5"
+dependencies = [
+ "wit-bindgen",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen"
 version = "0.2.100"
@@ -8049,6 +8127,28 @@ dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-encoder"
+version = "0.244.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "990065f2fe63003fe337b932cfb5e3b80e0b4d0f5ff650e6985b1048f62c8319"
+dependencies = [
+ "leb128fmt",
+ "wasmparser",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-metadata"
+version = "0.244.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bb0e353e6a2fbdc176932bbaab493762eb1255a7900fe0fea1a2f96c296cc909"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "indexmap 2.9.0",
+ "wasm-encoder",
+ "wasmparser",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-streams"
 version = "0.4.2"
@@ -8062,6 +8162,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "web-sys",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "wasmparser"
+version = "0.244.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "47b807c72e1bac69382b3a6fb3dbe8ea4c0ed87ff5629b8685ae6b9a611028fe"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.2",
+ "indexmap 2.9.0",
+ "semver 1.0.26",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "wasmtimer"
 version = "0.4.1"
@@ -8560,6 +8672,26 @@ dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "wit-bindgen"
+version = "0.51.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d7249219f66ced02969388cf2bb044a09756a083d0fab1e566056b04d9fbcaa5"
+dependencies = [
+ "wit-bindgen-rust-macro",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wit-bindgen-core"
+version = "0.51.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ea61de684c3ea68cb082b7a88508a8b27fcc8b797d738bfc99a82facf1d752dc"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "heck 0.5.0",
+ "wit-parser",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "wit-bindgen-rt"
 version = "0.39.0"
@@ -8569,6 +8701,74 @@ dependencies = [
  "bitflags",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "wit-bindgen-rust"
+version = "0.51.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b7c566e0f4b284dd6561c786d9cb0142da491f46a9fbed79ea69cdad5db17f21"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "heck 0.5.0",
+ "indexmap 2.9.0",
+ "prettyplease",
+ "syn 2.0.117",
+ "wasm-metadata",
+ "wit-bindgen-core",
+ "wit-component",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wit-bindgen-rust-macro"
+version = "0.51.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0c0f9bfd77e6a48eccf51359e3ae77140a7f50b1e2ebfe62422d8afdaffab17a"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "prettyplease",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.117",
+ "wit-bindgen-core",
+ "wit-bindgen-rust",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wit-component"
+version = "0.244.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9d66ea20e9553b30172b5e831994e35fbde2d165325bec84fc43dbf6f4eb9cb2"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "bitflags",
+ "indexmap 2.9.0",
+ "log",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_derive",
+ "serde_json",
+ "wasm-encoder",
+ "wasm-metadata",
+ "wasmparser",
+ "wit-parser",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wit-parser"
+version = "0.244.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ecc8ac4bc1dc3381b7f59c34f00b67e18f910c2c0f50015669dde7def656a736"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "id-arena",
+ "indexmap 2.9.0",
+ "log",
+ "semver 1.0.26",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_derive",
+ "serde_json",
+ "unicode-xid",
+ "wasmparser",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "write16"
 version = "1.0.0"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index d4c946f..701246f 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ parking_lot = "0.12.5"
 pbjson = "0.9.0"
 pin-project = "1.1"
 prost = "0.13.4"
-rand = "0.9.2"
+rand = "0.10.1"
 rs_merkle = { version = "1.4", default-features = false }
 rstest = "0.25.0"
 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }