[Bug]: Linker error on Linux x86: multiple definition of std::placeholders::_1

[zhourrr]

Description

I am encountering a linker error when building the project on Linux x86 using GCC 12.4. The build fails while linking the shared library libzvec_c_api.so due to a multiple definition error for the symbol std::placeholders::_1.

It appears there is a conflict between the standard library (libstdc++.a) and a symbol already defined in the libarrow.a static library.

Steps to Reproduce

1. Configure the project on a Linux x86 environment with GCC 12.4.
2. Run the build command and build target all


GCC 13 works fine.

Logs / Stack Trace

[ 95%] Linking CXX shared library ../../../lib/libzvec_c_api.so
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/12/libstdc++.a(placeholders.o):(.rodata._ZNSt12placeholders2_1E+0x0): multiple definition of `std::placeholders::_1'; ../../../external/usr/local/lib/libarrow.a(type.cc.o):/usr/include/c++/13/functional:294: first defined here
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [src/binding/c/CMakeFiles/zvec_c_api.dir/build.make:117: lib/libzvec_c_api.so] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:3691: src/binding/c/CMakeFiles/zvec_c_api.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [Makefile:166: all] Error 2

Operating System

Linux x86

Build & Runtime Environment

GCC 12.4

Additional Context

• I've checked git status — no uncommitted submodule changes
• I built with CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
• This occurs with or without COVERAGE=ON
• The issue involves Python ↔ C++ integration (pybind11)