diff --git a/lib/ruby_llm/active_record/acts_as_legacy.rb b/lib/ruby_llm/active_record/acts_as_legacy.rb
index 97679c126..97c3d9776 100644
--- a/lib/ruby_llm/active_record/acts_as_legacy.rb
+++ b/lib/ruby_llm/active_record/acts_as_legacy.rb
@@ -368,9 +368,15 @@ def extract_tool_call_id
       end
 
       def extract_content
-        return content unless respond_to?(:attachments) && attachments.attached?
+        text_content = if content.respond_to?(:to_plain_text)
+                         content.to_plain_text
+                       else
+                         content.to_s
+                       end
 
-        RubyLLM::Content.new(content).tap do |content_obj|
+        return text_content unless respond_to?(:attachments) && attachments.attached?
+
+        RubyLLM::Content.new(text_content).tap do |content_obj|
           @_tempfiles = []
 
           attachments.each do |attachment|
diff --git a/lib/ruby_llm/active_record/message_methods.rb b/lib/ruby_llm/active_record/message_methods.rb
index d5ec8e4e9..780310d7c 100644
--- a/lib/ruby_llm/active_record/message_methods.rb
+++ b/lib/ruby_llm/active_record/message_methods.rb
@@ -42,9 +42,15 @@ def extract_tool_call_id
       end
 
       def extract_content
-        return content unless respond_to?(:attachments) && attachments.attached?
+        text_content = if content.respond_to?(:to_plain_text)
+                         content.to_plain_text
+                       else
+                         content.to_s
+                       end
 
-        RubyLLM::Content.new(content).tap do |content_obj|
+        return text_content unless respond_to?(:attachments) && attachments.attached?
+
+        RubyLLM::Content.new(text_content).tap do |content_obj|
           @_tempfiles = []
 
           attachments.each do |attachment|
diff --git a/spec/dummy/config/application.rb b/spec/dummy/config/application.rb
index 062a7c21b..9fb47522f 100644
--- a/spec/dummy/config/application.rb
+++ b/spec/dummy/config/application.rb
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 require 'active_record/railtie'
 require 'active_storage/engine'
 require 'action_controller/railtie'
+require 'action_text/engine'
 
 Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
 require 'ruby_llm'
diff --git a/spec/ruby_llm/active_record/acts_as_action_text_spec.rb b/spec/ruby_llm/active_record/acts_as_action_text_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d22648c26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/ruby_llm/active_record/acts_as_action_text_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe RubyLLM::ActiveRecord::ActsAs do
+  include_context 'with configured RubyLLM'
+
+  let(:model) { 'gpt-4.1-nano' }
+  let(:chat) { Chat.create!(model: model) }
+
+  def mock_action_text(plain_text)
+    instance_double(ActionText::RichText).tap do |mock|
+      allow(mock).to receive(:to_plain_text).and_return(plain_text)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def create_message_with_action_text(content_text)
+    message = chat.messages.create!(role: :user)
+    action_text_content = mock_action_text(content_text)
+    allow(message).to receive(:content).and_return(action_text_content)
+    [message, action_text_content]
+  end
+
+  describe 'Action Text content extraction' do
+    context 'when content responds to to_plain_text' do
+      it 'extracts plain text from Action Text content' do
+        message, action_text_content = create_message_with_action_text('This is plain text')
+
+        llm_message = message.to_llm
+
+        expect(action_text_content).to have_received(:to_plain_text)
+        expect(llm_message.content).to eq('This is plain text')
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when content is a regular string' do
+      it 'returns content unchanged' do
+        message = chat.messages.create!(role: :user, content: 'Regular text content')
+
+        expect(message.to_llm.content).to eq('Regular text content')
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when Action Text content has attachments' do
+      let(:test_attachment) do
+        { io: StringIO.new('test data'), filename: 'test.txt', content_type: 'text/plain' }
+      end
+
+      it 'combines Action Text with attachments into RubyLLM::Content' do
+        message, action_text_content = create_message_with_action_text('Rich text with attachment')
+        message.attachments.attach(test_attachment)
+
+        llm_message = message.to_llm
+
+        expect(action_text_content).to have_received(:to_plain_text)
+        expect(llm_message.content).to be_a(RubyLLM::Content)
+        expect(llm_message.content.text).to eq('Rich text with attachment')
+        expect(llm_message.content.attachments.first.mime_type).to eq('text/plain')
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end