diff --git a/DESCRIPTION b/DESCRIPTION index 6b722fd..beb4e11 100644 --- a/DESCRIPTION +++ b/DESCRIPTION @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ Package: ndi Title: Neighborhood Deprivation Indices -Version: 0.1.6.9014 -Date: 2024-09-02 +Version: 0.1.6.9015 +Date: 2025-05-30 Authors@R: c(person(given = "Ian D.", family = "Buller", diff --git a/LICENSE.md b/LICENSE.md index 9a76157..90875c3 100644 --- a/LICENSE.md +++ b/LICENSE.md @@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ accepting any such warranty or additional liability. _END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS_ - Copyright 2024 Ian D. Buller; NCI + Copyright 2025 Ian D. Buller; National Cancer Institute Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md index 1eb054d..4f1df9e 100644 --- a/NEWS.md +++ b/NEWS.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # ndi (development version) -## ndi v0.1.6.9014 +## ndi v0.1.6.9015 ### New Features @@ -31,11 +31,13 @@ ### Updates #### Bug Fixes +* Fixed NOTE in CRAN checks to provide package anchors for Rd \link{} targets not in the package itself and the base packages within 'ndi-package.Rd' * `bell()` function computes the Interaction Index (Bell) not the Isolation Index as previously documented. Updated documentation throughout. * Fixed bug in `bell()`, `bemanian_beyer()`, `duncan()`, `sudano()`, and `white()` functions when a smaller geography contains n=0 total population, will assign a value of zero (0) in the internal calculation instead of NA * Fixed bug in `atkinson()` function to properly compute the income Atkinson Index * Renamed *AI* as *A*, *DI* as *D*, *Gini* as *G*, and *II* as _xPy\*_ to align with the definitions from [Massey & Denton (1988)](https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/67.2.281). The output for `atkinson()` now produces `a` instead of `ai`. The output for `duncan()` now produces `d` instead of `ai`. The output for `gini()` now produces `g` instead of `gini`. The output for `bell()` now produces `xPy_star` instead of `II`. The internal functions `ai_fun()`, `di_fun()` and `ii_fun()` were renamed `a_fun()`, `ddd_fun()` and `xpy_star_fun()`, respectively. * 'package.R' deprecated. Replaced with 'ndi-package.R' +* Output of racial or ethnic residential segregation indices is now rounded to four significant digits #### New Dependencies * `tigris` and `units` are now Imports @@ -49,6 +51,8 @@ * Updated documentation about value range of *V* (White) from `{0 to 1}` to `{-Inf to Inf}` * Added examples for `atkinson()`, `duncan_cuzzort()`, `duncan_duncan()`, `gini()`, `hoover()`, `james_taeuber()`, `lieberson()`, `massey()`, `massey_duncan()`, `morgan_massey()`, `theil()`, and `white_blau()` functions in vignettes and README * Added example for `holder` argument in `atkinson()` function in README +* Added internal and external references within each functions documentation +* Reordered and reformatted CITATION alphabetically by index abbreviation * Reordered the contents of 'ndi-package.R' thematically * Reordered the README examples alphabetically * Reordered the vignette examples to group the racial or ethnic residential segregation indices diff --git a/R/anthopolos.R b/R/anthopolos.R index b4dca59..1ec504e 100644 --- a/R/anthopolos.R +++ b/R/anthopolos.R @@ -45,6 +45,13 @@ #' \item{\code{ri}}{An object of class 'tbl' for the GEOID, name, \emph{RI}, and raw census values of specified census geographies.} #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{RI}.} #' } +#' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other isolation indices: \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white}} +#' @seealso Interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}} +#' @seealso Education Isolation Index: \code{\link{bravo}} +#' +#' @references Anthopolos, R, James, SA, Gelfand, AE, & Miranda, ML (2011) A Spatial Measure of Neighborhood Level Racial Isolation Applied to Low Birthweight, Preterm Birth, and Birthweight in North Carolina. \emph{Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology}, 2(4):235-246. \doi{10.1016/j.sste.2011.06.002} #' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom Matrix sparseMatrix @@ -53,9 +60,7 @@ #' @importFrom tidycensus get_acs #' @importFrom tidyr pivot_longer separate #' @export -#' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' +#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/atkinson.R b/R/atkinson.R index 63fdd33..daa2daf 100644 --- a/R/atkinson.R +++ b/R/atkinson.R @@ -53,6 +53,14 @@ #' \item{\code{a_data}}{An object of class 'tbl' for the raw census values at specified smaller census geographies.} #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{A}.} #' } +#' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other one-group evenness indices: \code{\link{gini}}, \code{\link{james_taeuber}}, \code{\link{sudano}}, \code{\link{theil}} +#' @seealso Between groups dissimilarity indices: \code{\link{duncan}} +#' +#' @references Atkinson, AB (1970) On the Measurement of Inequality. \emph{Journal of Economic Theory}, 2(3):244-263. \doi{10.1016/0022-0531(70)90039-6} +#' @references James, D, & Taeuber, KE (1985) Measures of Segregation. \emph{Sociological Methodology}, 15:1-32. \doi{10.2307/270845} +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} #' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_within @@ -64,8 +72,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/bell.R b/R/bell.R index 870e4a4..9647981 100644 --- a/R/bell.R +++ b/R/bell.R @@ -50,6 +50,14 @@ #' \item{\code{xpy_star_data}}{An object of class 'tbl' for the raw census values at specified smaller census geographies.} #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute _xPy\*_.} #' } +#' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other interaction indices: \code{\link{morgan_denton}} +#' @seealso Isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white}} +#' +#' @references Eshref, S, & Williams, M (1949). \emph{The Social Areas of Los Angeles: Analysis and Typology}. 1st Ed. Los Angeles:John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation. ISBN-13:978-0-837-15637-8 +#' @references Bell, W (1954) A probability model for the measurement of ecological segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 32(4):357-364. \doi{10.2307/2574118} +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} #' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_within @@ -61,8 +69,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/bemanian_beyer.R b/R/bemanian_beyer.R index 49cc0e6..785ea4a 100644 --- a/R/bemanian_beyer.R +++ b/R/bemanian_beyer.R @@ -53,6 +53,12 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{LEx/Is}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white}} +#' @seealso Interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}} +#' +#' @references Bemanian, A, & Beyer, KMM (2017) Measures Matter: The Local Exposure/Isolation (LEx/Is) Metrics and Relationships between Local-Level Segregation and Breast Cancer Survival. \emph{Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention}, 26(4):516-524. \doi{10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0926} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom car logit #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_within @@ -63,9 +69,7 @@ #' @importFrom tigris combined_statistical_areas core_based_statistical_areas metro_divisions places #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export -#' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' +#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/bravo.R b/R/bravo.R index 0cf3d9f..fe07677 100644 --- a/R/bravo.R +++ b/R/bravo.R @@ -31,7 +31,12 @@ #' \item{\code{ei}}{An object of class 'tbl' for the GEOID, name, \emph{EI}, and raw census values of specified census geographies.} #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{EI}.} #' } -#' +#' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Racial Isolation Index: \code{\link{anthopolos}} +#' +#' @references Bravo, MA, Leong, MC, Gelfand, AE, & Miranda, ML (2021) Assessing Disparity Using Measures of Racial and Educational Isolation. \emph{International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, 18(17):9384. \doi{10.3390/ijerph18179384} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom Matrix sparseMatrix #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_geometry st_intersects st_transform @@ -41,7 +46,7 @@ #' @importFrom tidyr pivot_longer separate #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' #' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ diff --git a/R/denton.R b/R/denton.R index cd9ed75..42c25ca 100644 --- a/R/denton.R +++ b/R/denton.R @@ -54,6 +54,12 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{RCL}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Absolute Clustering: \code{\link{massey}} +#' @seealso Proximity measures: \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}}, \code{\link{white_blau}} +#' +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_centroid st_distance st_drop_geometry st_transform st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -65,8 +71,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/denton_cuzzort.R b/R/denton_cuzzort.R index e2c7123..b6d1cd6 100644 --- a/R/denton_cuzzort.R +++ b/R/denton_cuzzort.R @@ -51,6 +51,13 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{RCO}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Absolute Concentration: \code{\link{massey_duncan}} +#' @seealso Delta: \code{\link{hoover}} +#' +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' @references Duncan, OD, Cuzzort, RP, & Duncan, B (1961) \emph{Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data}. Free Press. LC:60007089 +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_centroid st_distance st_drop_geometry st_transform st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -62,8 +69,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/duncan.R b/R/duncan.R index b8f5e6f..529438e 100644 --- a/R/duncan.R +++ b/R/duncan.R @@ -51,6 +51,11 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{D}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso One-group evenness indices: \code{\link{atkinson}}, \code{\link{gini}}, \code{\link{james_taeuber}}, \code{\link{sudano}}, \code{\link{theil}} +#' +#' @references Duncan, OD, & Duncan, B (1955) Residential Distribution and Occupational Stratification. \emph{American Journal of Sociology}, 60(5):493-503. \doi{10.2307/2088328} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -60,9 +65,7 @@ #' @importFrom tigris combined_statistical_areas core_based_statistical_areas metro_divisions places #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export -#' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' +#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/duncan_cuzzort.R b/R/duncan_cuzzort.R index a627dea..ffc4bf7 100644 --- a/R/duncan_cuzzort.R +++ b/R/duncan_cuzzort.R @@ -53,6 +53,12 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{ACE}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Relative Centralization: \code{\link{duncan_duncan}} +#' +#' @references Duncan, OD, Cuzzort, RP, & Duncan, B (1961) \emph{Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data}. Free Press. LC:60007089 +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_centroid st_distance st_drop_geometry st_transform st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -64,8 +70,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/duncan_duncan.R b/R/duncan_duncan.R index 9793f58..a08514d 100644 --- a/R/duncan_duncan.R +++ b/R/duncan_duncan.R @@ -54,6 +54,12 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{RCE}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Absolute Centralization: \code{\link{duncan_cuzzort}} +#' +#' @references Duncan, OD, Cuzzort, RP, & Duncan, B (1961) \emph{Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data}. Free Press. LC:60007089 +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_centroid st_distance st_drop_geometry st_transform st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -65,8 +71,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/gini.R b/R/gini.R index 311b0c7..ab0525f 100644 --- a/R/gini.R +++ b/R/gini.R @@ -49,7 +49,15 @@ #' \item{\code{g_data}}{An object of class 'tbl' for the raw census values at specified smaller census geographies including \emph{G_inc}.} #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for \emph{G_inc} and each census variable used to compute \emph{G_re}.} #' } -#' +#' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other one-group evenness indices: \code{\link{atkinson}}, \code{\link{james_taeuber}}, \code{\link{sudano}}, \code{\link{theil}} +#' @seealso Between groups dissimilarity indices: \code{\link{duncan}} +#' +#' @references Gini, C (1921) Measurement of Inequality of Incomes. \emph{The Economic Journal}, 31(121):124-126. \doi{10.2307/2223319} +#' @references Duncan, OD, & Duncan, B (1955) Residential Distribution and Occupational Stratification. \emph{American Journal of Sociology}, 60(5):493-503. \doi{10.2307/2088328} +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -59,9 +67,7 @@ #' @importFrom tigris combined_statistical_areas core_based_statistical_areas metro_divisions places #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export -#' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' +#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/hoover.R b/R/hoover.R index 56ae8ea..15123f8 100644 --- a/R/hoover.R +++ b/R/hoover.R @@ -50,6 +50,14 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{DEL}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Absolute Concentration: \code{\link{massey_duncan}} +#' @seealso Relative Concentration: \code{\link{denton_cuzzort}} +#' +#' @references Hoover, EM (1941) Interstate Redistribution of Population, 1850-1940. \emph{Journal of Economic History}, 1:199-205. \doi{10.2307/2223319} +#' @references Duncan, OD, Cuzzort, RP, & Duncan, B (1961) \emph{Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data}. Free Press. LC:60007089 +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -60,8 +68,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/james_taeuber.R b/R/james_taeuber.R index 3d80998..0279e9e 100644 --- a/R/james_taeuber.R +++ b/R/james_taeuber.R @@ -50,6 +50,13 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{D}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other one-group evenness indices: \code{\link{atkinson}}, \code{\link{gini}}, \code{\link{sudano}}, \code{\link{theil}} +#' @seealso Between groups dissimilarity indices: \code{\link{duncan}} +#' +#' @references James, D, & Taeuber, KE (1985) Measures of Segregation. \emph{Sociological Methodology}, 15:1-32. \doi{10.2307/270845} +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -60,8 +67,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/krieger.R b/R/krieger.R index a768b20..bdfb2e8 100644 --- a/R/krieger.R +++ b/R/krieger.R @@ -37,14 +37,18 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute the \emph{ICE} metrics.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other concentration metrics: \code{\link{denton_cuzzort}}, \code{\link{hoover}}, \code{\link{massey_duncan}} +#' +#' @references Feldman, JM, Waterman, PD, Coull, BA, & Krieger, N (2015) Spatial Social Polarisation: Using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes Jointly for Income and Race/Ethnicity to Analyse Risk of Hypertension. \emph{Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health}, 69(12):1199-207. \doi{10.1136/jech-2015-205728} +#' @references Waterman, PD, Spasojevic, J, Li, W, Maduro, G, & Wye, GV (2016) Public Health Monitoring of Privilege and Deprivation With the Index of Concentration at the Extremes. \emph{American Journal of Public Health}, 106(2):256-263. \doi{10.2105/AJPH.2015.302955} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom stringr str_trim #' @importFrom tidycensus get_acs #' @importFrom tidyr pivot_longer separate #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/lieberson.R b/R/lieberson.R index fbf358d..c672514 100644 --- a/R/lieberson.R +++ b/R/lieberson.R @@ -50,6 +50,14 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute _xPx\*_.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white}} +#' @seealso Interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}} +#' +#' @references Lieberson, S (1981). "An Asymmetrical Approach to Segregation." Pp. 61-82 in \emph{Ethnic Segregation in Cities}, edited by Peach, C, Robinson, V, & Smith, S. 1st Ed. London:Croom Helm. ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6 +#' @references Bell, W (1954) A probability model for the measurement of ecological segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 32(4):357-364. \doi{10.2307/2574118} +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -60,8 +68,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/massey.R b/R/massey.R index 6475a9b..3c489c6 100644 --- a/R/massey.R +++ b/R/massey.R @@ -53,6 +53,12 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{ACL}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Relative Clustering Index: \code{\link{denton}} +#' @seealso Proximity measures: \code{\link{morgan_denton}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white_blau}} +#' +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_centroid st_distance st_drop_geometry st_transform st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -64,8 +70,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/massey_duncan.R b/R/massey_duncan.R index 83d2830..d02d0ce 100644 --- a/R/massey_duncan.R +++ b/R/massey_duncan.R @@ -49,7 +49,14 @@ #' \item{\code{aco_data}}{An object of class 'tbl' for the raw census values at specified smaller census geographies.} #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{ACO}.} #' } -#' +#' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Relative Concentration: \code{\link{denton_cuzzort}} +#' @seealso Delta: \code{\link{hoover}} +#' +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' @references Duncan, OD, Cuzzort, RP, & Duncan, B (1961) \emph{Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data}. Free Press. LC:60007089 +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_centroid st_distance st_drop_geometry st_transform st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -60,9 +67,7 @@ #' @importFrom units drop_units set_units #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export -#' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' +#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/messer.R b/R/messer.R index 9dac0b8..ef0a205 100644 --- a/R/messer.R +++ b/R/messer.R @@ -41,6 +41,11 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{NDI}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic referent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Neighborhood Deprivation Index: \code{\link{powell_wiley}} +#' +#' @references Messer, LC, Laraia, BA, Kaufman, JS, Eyster, J, Holzman, C, Culhane, J, Elo, I, Burke, J, O'Campo, P (2006) The Development of a Standardized Neighborhood Deprivation Index. \emph{Journal of Urban Health}, 83(6):1041-1062. \doi{10.1007/s11524-006-9094-x} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom psych principal #' @importFrom stats quantile @@ -49,8 +54,6 @@ #' @importFrom tidyr pivot_longer separate #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic referent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' #' messer(df = DCtracts2020[ , c(1, 3:10)]) diff --git a/R/morgan_denton.R b/R/morgan_denton.R index 7010de6..1c0d2fa 100644 --- a/R/morgan_denton.R +++ b/R/morgan_denton.R @@ -54,6 +54,14 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute _DPxy\*_.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other proximity measures: \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white_blau}} +#' @seealso Other interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}} +#' @seealso Isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white}} +#' +#' @references Morgan, BS (1983) A Distance-Decay Based Interaction Index to Measure Residential Segregation. \emph{Area}, 15(3):211-217. \url{https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935} +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_centroid st_distance st_drop_geometry st_transform st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -64,9 +72,7 @@ #' @importFrom units drop_units set_units #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export -#' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' +#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/morgan_massey.R b/R/morgan_massey.R index 8066948..fa1a623 100644 --- a/R/morgan_massey.R +++ b/R/morgan_massey.R @@ -52,6 +52,14 @@ #' \item{\code{dpxx_star_data}}{An object of class 'tbl' for the raw census values at specified smaller census geographies.} #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute _DPxx\*_.} #' } +#' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other proximity measures: \code{\link{morgan_denton}}, \code{\link{white_blau}} +#' @seealso Other isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{white}} +#' @seealso Interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}} +#' +#' @references Morgan, BS (1983) A Distance-Decay Based Interaction Index to Measure Residential Segregation. \emph{Area}, 15(3):211-217. \url{https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935} +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} #' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_centroid st_distance st_drop_geometry st_transform st_within @@ -64,8 +72,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/ndi-package.R b/R/ndi-package.R index 168e207..5a55dea 100644 --- a/R/ndi-package.R +++ b/R/ndi-package.R @@ -11,49 +11,59 @@ #' \code{\link{messer}} Computes the aspatial Neighborhood Deprivation Index (\emph{NDI}) based on Messer et al. (2006) \doi{10.1007/s11524-006-9094-x}. #' #' \code{\link{powell_wiley}} Computes the aspatial Neighborhood Deprivation Index (\emph{NDI}) based on Andrews et al. (2020) \doi{10.1080/17445647.2020.1750066} and Slotman et al. (2022) \doi{10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002} who use variables chosen by Roux and Mair (2010) \doi{10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05333.x}. -#' +#' #' \strong{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Segregation} #' -#' \code{\link{anthopolos}} Computes the spatial Racial Isolation Index (\emph{RI}) based on Anthopolos (2011) \doi{10.1016/j.sste.2011.06.002}. +#' \emph{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Evenness} #' #' \code{\link{atkinson}} Computes the aspatial Atkinson Index (\emph{A}) based on Atkinson (1970) \doi{10.1016/0022-0531(70)90039-6}. #' +#' \code{\link{duncan}} Computes the aspatial Dissimilarity Index (\emph{D}) based on Duncan & Duncan (1955a) \doi{10.2307/2088328}. +#' +#' \code{\link{gini}} Computes the aspatial Gini Index (\emph{G}) based on Gini (1921) \doi{10.2307/2223319}. +#' +#' \code{\link{james_taeuber}} Computes the aspatial Dissimilarity Index (\emph{D}) based on James & Taeuber (1985) \doi{10.2307/270845}. +#' +#' \code{\link{sudano}} Computes the aspatial Location Quotient (\emph{LQ}) based on Merton (1939) \doi{10.2307/2084686} and Sudano et al. (2013) \doi{10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.09.015}. +#' +#' \code{\link{theil}} Computes the aspatial Entropy (\emph{H}) based on Theil (1972; ISBN-13:978-0-444-10378-9) and Theil & Finizza (1971) \doi{110.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795}. +#' +#' \emph{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Exposure} +#' +#' \code{\link{anthopolos}} Computes the spatial Racial Isolation Index (\emph{RI}) based on Anthopolos (2011) \doi{10.1016/j.sste.2011.06.002}. +#' #' \code{\link{bell}} Computes the aspatial Interaction Index (\emph{xPy\*}) based on Shevky & Williams (1949; ISBN-13:978-0-837-15637-8) and Bell (1954) \doi{10.2307/2574118}. #' #' \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}} Computes the aspatial Local Exposure and Isolation (\emph{LEx/Is}) based on Bemanian & Beyer (2017) \doi{10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0926}. #' -#' \code{\link{denton}} Computes the aspatial Relative Clustering (\emph{RCL}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. -#' +#' \code{\link{lieberson}} Computes the aspatial Isolation Index (\emph{xPx\*}) based on Lieberson (1981; ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6) and Bell (1954) \doi{10.2307/2574118}. +#' +#' \code{\link{white}} Computes the aspatial Correlation Ratio (\emph{V}) based on Bell (1954) \doi{10.2307/2574118} and White (1986) \doi{10.2307/3644339}. +#' +#' \emph{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Concentration} +#' #' \code{\link{denton_cuzzort}} Computes the aspatial Relative Concentration (\emph{RCO}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} and Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089). #' -#' \code{\link{duncan}} Computes the aspatial Dissimilarity Index (\emph{D}) based on Duncan & Duncan (1955a) \doi{10.2307/2088328}. +#' \code{\link{hoover}} Computes the aspatial Delta (\emph{DEL}) based on Hoover (1941) \doi{10.1017/S0022050700052980} and Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089). +#' +#' \code{\link{massey_duncan}} Computes the aspatial Absolute Concentration (\emph{ACO}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} and Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089). +#' +#' \emph{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Centralization} #' #' \code{\link{duncan_cuzzort}} Computes the aspatial Absolute Centralization (\emph{ACE}) based on Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089) and Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. -#' +#' #' \code{\link{duncan_duncan}} Computes the aspatial Relative Centralization (\emph{RCE}) based on Duncan & Duncan (1955b) \doi{10.1086/221609} and Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. -#' -#' \code{\link{gini}} Computes the aspatial Gini Index (\emph{G}) based on Gini (1921) \doi{10.2307/2223319}. #' -#' \code{\link{hoover}} Computes the aspatial Delta (\emph{DEL}) based on Hoover (1941) \doi{10.1017/S0022050700052980} and Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089). -#' -#' \code{\link{james_taeuber}} Computes the aspatial Dissimilarity Index (\emph{D}) based on James & Taeuber (1985) \doi{10.2307/270845}. -#' -#' \code{\link{lieberson}} Computes the aspatial Isolation Index (\emph{xPx\*}) based on Lieberson (1981; ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6) and Bell (1954) \doi{10.2307/2574118}. +#' \emph{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Clustering} #' +#' \code{\link{denton}} Computes the aspatial Relative Clustering (\emph{RCL}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. +#' #' \code{\link{massey}} Computes the aspatial Absolute Clustering (\emph{ACL}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. #' -#' \code{\link{massey_duncan}} Computes the aspatial Absolute Concentration (\emph{ACO}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} and Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089). -#' #' \code{\link{morgan_denton}} Computes the aspatial Distance-Decay Interaction Index (\emph{DPxy\*}) based on Morgan (1986) \url{https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935} and Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. #' #' \code{\link{morgan_massey}} Computes the aspatial Distance-Decay Isolation Index (\emph{DPxx\*}) based on Morgan (1986) \url{https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935} and Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. #' -#' \code{\link{sudano}} Computes the aspatial Location Quotient (\emph{LQ}) based on Merton (1939) \doi{10.2307/2084686} and Sudano et al. (2013) \doi{10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.09.015}. -#' -#' \code{\link{theil}} Computes the aspatial Entropy (\emph{H}) based on Theil (1972; ISBN-13:978-0-444-10378-9) and Theil & Finizza (1971) \doi{110.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795}. -#' -#' \code{\link{white}} Computes the aspatial Correlation Ratio (\emph{V}) based on Bell (1954) \doi{10.2307/2574118} and White (1986) \doi{10.2307/3644339}. -#' #' \code{\link{white_blau}} Computes an index of spatial proximity (\emph{SP}) based on White (1986) \doi{10.2307/3644339} \url{} and Blau (1977; ISBN-13:978-0-029-03660-0). #' #' \strong{Additional Indices of Socioeconomic Disparity} @@ -73,7 +83,7 @@ #' @name ndi-package #' @aliases ndi-package ndi #' -#' @section Dependencies: The 'ndi' package relies heavily upon \code{\link{tidycensus}} to retrieve data from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey five-year estimates and the \code{\link{psych}} for computing the neighborhood deprivation indices. The \code{\link{messer}} function builds upon code developed by Hruska et al. (2022) \doi{10.17605/OSF.IO/M2SAV} by fictionalizing, adding the percent of households earning <$30,000 per year to the \emph{NDI} computation, and providing the option for computing the ACS-5 2006-2010 \emph{NDI} values. There is no code companion to compute \emph{NDI} included in Andrews et al. (2020) \doi{10.1080/17445647.2020.1750066} or Slotman et al. (2022) \doi{10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002}, but the package author worked directly with the Slotman et al. (2022) \doi{10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002} authors to replicate their SAS code in \strong{R}. The indices of racial or ethnic residential segregation rely heavily on the \code{\link{sf}} and \code{\link{tigris}} packages to assign the smaller geographical units within larger geographical units and, occasionally, perform geospatial projection for distance-based metrics. The computation of \emph{RI} and \emph{EI} also relies on the \code{\link{Matrix}} package to compute the geospatial adjacency matrix between census geographies. Internal function to calculate \emph{AI} using the Hölder mean is based on \code{\link[DescTools]{Atkinson}} function. +#' @section Dependencies: The 'ndi' package relies heavily upon \code{\link[tidycensus]{tidycensus}} to retrieve data from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey five-year estimates and the \code{\link[psych]{psych}} for computing the neighborhood deprivation indices. The \code{\link{messer}} function builds upon code developed by Hruska et al. (2022) \doi{10.17605/OSF.IO/M2SAV} by fictionalizing, adding the percent of households earning <$30,000 per year to the \emph{NDI} computation, and providing the option for computing the ACS-5 2006-2010 \emph{NDI} values. There is no code companion to compute \emph{NDI} included in Andrews et al. (2020) \doi{10.1080/17445647.2020.1750066} or Slotman et al. (2022) \doi{10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002}, but the package author worked directly with the Slotman et al. (2022) \doi{10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002} authors to replicate their SAS code in \strong{R}. The indices of racial or ethnic residential segregation rely heavily on the \code{\link[sf]{sf}} and \code{\link[tigris]{tigris}} packages to assign the smaller geographical units within larger geographical units and, occasionally, perform geospatial projection for distance-based metrics. The computation of \emph{RI} and \emph{EI} also relies on the \code{\link[Matrix]{Matrix}} package to compute the geospatial adjacency matrix between census geographies. Internal function to calculate \emph{AI} using the Hölder mean is based on \code{\link[DescTools]{Atkinson}} function. #' #' @author Ian D. Buller\cr \emph{DLH, LLC (formerly DLH Corporation and Social & Scientific Systems, Inc.), Bethesda, Maryland, USA (current); Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA (original).} \cr #' diff --git a/R/powell_wiley.R b/R/powell_wiley.R index d6b6da6..d0af3f1 100644 --- a/R/powell_wiley.R +++ b/R/powell_wiley.R @@ -46,6 +46,12 @@ #' \item{\code{cronbach}}{An object of class 'character' or 'numeric' for the results of the Cronbach's alpha calculation. If only one factor is computed, a message is returned. If more than one factor is computed, Cronbach's alpha is calculated and should check that it is >0.7 for respectable internal consistency between factors.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic referent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Neighborhood Deprivation Index: \code{\link{messer}} +#' +#' @references Andrews, MA, Tomura, K, Claudel, SE, Xu, S, Ceasar, JN, Collins, BS, Langerman, S, Mitchell, VM, Baumer, Y, & Powell-Wiley TM (2022) Geospatial Analysis of Neighborhood Deprivation Index (NDI) for the United States by County. \emph{Journal of Maps}, 16(1):101-112. \doi{10.1080/17445647.2020.1750066} +#' @references Slotman, BA, Stinchcomb, DG, Powell-Wiley, TM, Ostendorf, DM, Saelens, BE, Gorin, AA, Zenk, SN, & Berrigan, D (2022) Environmental Data and Methods from the Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict Obesity Treatment (ADOPT) Core Measures Environmental Working Group. \emph{Data in Brief}, 41:108002. \doi{10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom MASS ginv #' @importFrom psych alpha principal @@ -55,8 +61,6 @@ #' @importFrom tidyr pivot_longer separate #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic referent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' #' powell_wiley(df = DCtracts2020[ , -c(3:10)]) diff --git a/R/sudano.R b/R/sudano.R index 3564701..3e83fcf 100644 --- a/R/sudano.R +++ b/R/sudano.R @@ -50,6 +50,13 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{LQ}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other one-group evenness indices: \code{\link{atkinson}}, \code{\link{gini}}, \code{\link{james_taeuber}}, \code{\link{theil}} +#' @seealso Between groups dissimilarity indices: \code{\link{duncan}} +#' +#' @references Merton, RK (1938) Social Structure and Anomie. \emph{American Sociological Review}, 3(5):672-682. \doi{10.2307/2084686} +#' @references Sudano, JJ, Perzynski, A, Wong, DW, Colabianchi, N, Litaker, D (2013) Neighborhood Racial Residential Segregation and Changes in Health or Death Among Older Adults. \emph{Health & Place}, 19:80-88. \doi{10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.09.015} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -60,8 +67,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/theil.R b/R/theil.R index 7db6407..9c319fb 100644 --- a/R/theil.R +++ b/R/theil.R @@ -52,6 +52,14 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{H}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other one-group evenness indices: \code{\link{atkinson}}, \code{\link{gini}}, \code{\link{james_taeuber}}, \code{\link{sudano}} +#' @seealso Between groups dissimilarity indices: \code{\link{duncan}} +#' +#' @references Theil, H (1972) \emph{Statistical decomposition analysis: with applications in the social and administrative}. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company. ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6 +#' @references Theil, H, & Finizza, AJ (1971) A Note on the Measurement of Racial Integration of Schools by Means of Informational Concepts. \emph{Journal of Mathematical Sociology}, 1:187-194. \doi{10.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795} +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -61,9 +69,7 @@ #' @importFrom tigris combined_statistical_areas core_based_statistical_areas metro_divisions places #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export -#' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' +#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/utils.R b/R/utils.R index 8313efa..ad5f4c8 100644 --- a/R/utils.R +++ b/R/utils.R @@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ a_fun <- function(x, epsilon, omit_NAs, holder) { x_i <- xx$subgroup if (epsilon == 1) { A <- 1 - (exp(mean(log(stats::na.omit(x_i)), na.rm = TRUE)) / mean(x_i, na.rm = TRUE)) - return(A) + return(round(A, 4)) } else { xxx <- (x_i / mean(x_i, na.rm = TRUE)) ^ (1 - epsilon) A <- 1 - mean(xxx, na.rm = TRUE) ^ (1 / (1 - epsilon)) - return(A) + return(round(A, 4)) } } else { x_i <- xx$subgroup @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ a_fun <- function(x, epsilon, omit_NAs, holder) { P <- X / N b <- epsilon A <- 1 - (P / (1 - P)) * abs(sum((1 - p_i) ^ (1 - b) * p_i ^ b * t_i / (P * N), na.rm = TRUE)) ^ (1 / (1 - b)) - return(A) + return(round(A, 4)) } } } @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ ace_fun <- function(x, lgeom, crs, omit_NAs) { Xi_1Ai <- sum(X_i[I_i[, 1]] * A_i[I_i[, 2]], na.rm = TRUE) XiA1_1 <- sum(X_i[I_i[, 2]] * A_i[I_i[, 1]], na.rm = TRUE) ACE <- Xi_1Ai - XiA1_1 - return(ACE) + return(round(ACE, 4)) } } @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ acl_fun <- function(x, crs, omit_NAs) { num <- (sum(x_i / X, na.rm = TRUE) * sum(c_ij * x_i, na.rm = TRUE)) - ((X / n^2) * sum(c_ij, na.rm = TRUE)) denom <- (sum(x_i / X, na.rm = TRUE) * sum(c_ij * t_i, na.rm = TRUE)) - ((X / n^2) * sum(c_ij, na.rm = TRUE)) ACL <- num / denom - return(ACL) + return(round(ACL, 4)) } } @@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ aco_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { ACO_tmp <- (num / denom) if (is.infinite(ACO_tmp) | is.na(ACO_tmp)) { ACO_tmp <- 0 } ACO <- 1 - ACO_tmp - return(ACO) + return(round(ACO, 4)) } } @@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ ddd_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { y_i <- xx$subgroup_ref m_i <- sum(y_i, na.rm = TRUE) D <- 0.5 * sum(abs((x_i/n_i) - (y_i/m_i)), na.rm = TRUE) - return(D) + return(round(D, 4)) } } @@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ del_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { a_i <- xx$ALAND A <- sum(a_i, na.rm = TRUE) DEL <- 0.5 * sum(abs((x_i / X) - (a_i / A)), na.rm = TRUE) - return(DEL) + return(round(DEL, 4)) } } @@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ djt_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { p_i <- x_i / t_i P <- X / N D <- sum(t_i * abs(p_i - P), na.rm = TRUE) / (2 * N * P * (1 - P)) - return(D) + return(round(D, 4)) } } @@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ dpxy_star_fun <- function(x, crs, omit_NAs) { exp() K_ij <- c_ij * t_j / sum(c_ij * t_j, na.rm = TRUE) DPxx_star <- sum(x_i / X, na.rm = TRUE) * sum(K_ij * y_j / t_j, na.rm = TRUE) - return(DPxx_star) + return(round(DPxx_star, 4)) } } @@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ dpxx_star_fun <- function(x, crs, omit_NAs) { exp() K_ij <- c_ij * t_j / sum(c_ij * t_j, na.rm = TRUE) DPxx_star <- sum(x_i / X, na.rm = TRUE) * sum(K_ij * x_j / t_j, na.rm = TRUE) - return(DPxx_star) + return(round(DPxx_star, 4)) } } @@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ g_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { pipj <- apply(expand.grid(p_i, p_i), MARGIN = 1, FUN = diff) G <- sum(titj * abs(pipj), na.rm = TRUE) G <- G / (2 * N ^ 2 * P * (1 - P)) - return(G) + return(round(G, 4)) } } @@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ h_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { H_i <- t_i * abs(E - E_i) / (E * N) H_i[is.infinite(H_i)] <- NA H <- sum(H_i, na.rm = TRUE) - return(H) + return(round(H, 4)) } } @@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ lexis_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { P_m <- X / N P_n <- Y / N LExIs <- car::logit(p_im * p_in) - car::logit(P_m * P_n) - df <- data.frame(LExIs = LExIs, GEOID = xx$GEOID) + df <- data.frame(LExIs = round(LExIs, 4), GEOID = xx$GEOID) return(df) } } @@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ lq_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { N <- sum(t_i, na.rm = TRUE) # X if (anyNA(p_i)) { p_i[is.na(p_i)] <- 0 } LQ <- p_i / (X / N) # (x_im/X_i)/(X_m/X) - df <- data.frame(LQ = LQ, GEOID = xx$GEOID) + df <- data.frame(LQ = round(LQ, 4), GEOID = xx$GEOID) return(df) } } @@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ rce_fun <- function(x, lgeom, crs, omit_NAs) { Xi_1Yi <- sum(X_i[I_i[, 1]] * Y_i[I_i[, 2]], na.rm = TRUE) XiY1_1 <- sum(X_i[I_i[, 2]] * Y_i[I_i[, 1]], na.rm = TRUE) RCE <- Xi_1Yi - XiY1_1 - return(RCE) + return(round(RCE, 4)) } } @@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ rcl_fun <- function(x, crs, omit_NAs) { P_xx <- sum((x_i * x_i * c_ij) / X^2, na.rm = TRUE) P_yy <- sum((y_i * y_i * c_ij) / Y^2, na.rm = TRUE) RCL <- (P_xx / P_yy) - 1 - return(RCL) + return(round(RCL, 4)) } } @@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ sp_fun <- function(x, crs, omit_NAs) { P_xy <- sum((x_i * y_i * c_ij) / (X * Y), na.rm = TRUE) P_tt <- sum((t_i * t_i * c_ij) / N^2, na.rm = TRUE) SP <- ((X * P_xx) + (Y * P_xy)) / (N * P_tt) - return(SP) + return(round(SP, 4)) } } @@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ rco_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { if (is.infinite(RCO) & sign(RCO) == 1) { RCO <- 1 } # if (is.finite(RCO) & RCO < -1) { RCO <- -1 } # if (is.finite(RCO) & RCO > -1) { RCO <- 1 } - return(RCO) + return(round(RCO, 4)) } } @@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ v_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { xPx_star <- sum((x_i / X) * (x_i / t_i), na.rm = TRUE) P <- X / N V <- (xPx_star - P) / (1 - P) - return(V) + return(round(V, 4)) } } @@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ xpx_star_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { X <- sum(x_i, na.rm = TRUE) t_i <- xx$TotalPopE xPx_star <- sum((x_i / X) * (x_i / t_i), na.rm = TRUE) - return(xPx_star) + return(round(xPx_star, 4)) } } @@ -604,6 +604,6 @@ xpy_star_fun <- function(x, omit_NAs) { y_i <- xx$subgroup_ixn t_i <- xx$TotalPopE xPy_star <- sum((x_i / X) * (y_i / t_i), na.rm = TRUE) - return(xPy_star) + return(round(xPy_star, 4)) } } diff --git a/R/white.R b/R/white.R index 61e28a0..3e7b5ef 100644 --- a/R/white.R +++ b/R/white.R @@ -50,6 +50,14 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{V}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}} +#' @seealso Interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}} +#' +#' @references Bell, W (1954) A probability model for the measurement of ecological segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 32(4):357-364. \doi{10.2307/2574118} +#' @references White, MJ (1986) Segregation and Diversity Measures in Population Distribution. \emph{Population Index}, 52(2):198-221. \doi{10.2307/3644339} +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_drop_geometry st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -60,8 +68,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/R/white_blau.R b/R/white_blau.R index 3a140fd..6d83ec2 100644 --- a/R/white_blau.R +++ b/R/white_blau.R @@ -54,6 +54,15 @@ #' \item{\code{missing}}{An object of class 'tbl' of the count and proportion of missingness for each census variable used to compute \emph{SP}.} #' } #' +#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). +#' @seealso Other proximity measures: \code{\link{morgan_denton}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}} +#' @seealso Relative Clustering: \code{\link{denton}} +#' @seealso Absolute Clustering: \code{\link{massey}} +#' +#' @references White, MJ (1986) Segregation and Diversity Measures in Population Distribution. \emph{Population Index}, 52(2):198-221. \doi{10.2307/3644339} +#' @references Blau, PM (1977) \emph{Inequality and Heterogeneity: A Primitive Theory of Social Structure}. Free Press. ISBN-13:978-0-029-03660-0 +#' @references Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} +#' #' @import dplyr #' @importFrom sf st_centroid st_distance st_drop_geometry st_transform st_within #' @importFrom stats complete.cases @@ -65,8 +74,6 @@ #' @importFrom utils stack #' @export #' -#' @seealso \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). -#' #' @examples #' \dontrun{ #' # Wrapped in \dontrun{} because these examples require a Census API key. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 979f8bd..5ce71cf 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ [![CRAN status](https://r-pkg.org/badges/version/ndi)](https://cran.r-project.org/package=ndi) [![CRAN version](https://r-pkg.org/badges/version-ago/ndi)](https://cran.r-project.org/package=ndi) [![CRAN RStudio mirror downloads total](https://cranlogs.r-pkg.org/badges/grand-total/ndi?color=blue)](https://r-pkg.org/pkg/ndi) -[![CRAN RStudio mirror downloads monthly ](https://cranlogs.r-pkg.org/badges/ndi)](https://r-pkg.org:443/pkg/ndi) +[![CRAN RStudio mirror downloads monthly](https://cranlogs.r-pkg.org/badges/ndi)](https://r-pkg.org:443/pkg/ndi) [![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-Apache_2.0-blue.svg)](https://opensource.org/license/apache-2-0) ![GitHub last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/idblr/ndi) [![DOI](https://zenodo.org/badge/521439746.svg)](https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/521439746) -**Date repository last updated**: 2024-09-02 +**Date repository last updated**: 2025-05-30 ### Overview diff --git a/cran-comments.md b/cran-comments.md index bffe492..ca6f1d1 100644 --- a/cran-comments.md +++ b/cran-comments.md @@ -20,10 +20,12 @@ * Added `crs` argument to `anthopolos()`, `bravo()`, and `white_blau()` functions to provide spatial projection of the distance-based metrics * The `gini()` function now computes the aspatial racial or ethnic Gini Index (*G*) based on [Gini (1921)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2223319) as the main outcome. Arguments `geo_large`, `geo_small`, `subgroup`, and `omit_NAs` were added and argument `geo` was deprecated. The `gini()` function still retrieves the original output of the aspatial income Gini Index (*G*) at each smaller geography and is moved from the `g` output to `g_data` output. * Specifying census block groups in `geo` or `geo_small` arguments is now `'block group'` or `'cbg'` to match internal `get_acs()` function from the [tidycensus](https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=tidycensus) package + * Fixed NOTE in CRAN checks to provide package anchors for Rd \link{} targets not in the package itself and the base packages within 'ndi-package.Rd' * `bell()` function computes the Interaction Index (Bell) not the Isolation Index as previously documented. Updated documentation throughout. * Fixed bug in `bell()`, `bemanian_beyer()`, `duncan()`, `sudano()`, and `white()` functions when a smaller geography contains n=0 total population, will assign a value of zero (0) in the internal calculation instead of NA * Fixed bug in `atkinson()` function to properly compute the income Atkinson Index * Renamed *AI* as *A*, *DI* as *D*, *Gini* as *G*, and *II* as _xPy\*_ to align with the definitions from [Massey & Denton (1988)](https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/67.2.281). The output for `atkinson()` now produces `a` instead of `ai`. The output for `duncan()` now produces `d` instead of `ai`. The output for `gini()` now produces `g` instead of `gini`. The output for `bell()` now produces `xPy_star` instead of `II`. The internal functions `ai_fun()`, `di_fun()` and `ii_fun()` were renamed `a_fun()`, `ddd_fun()` and `xpy_star_fun()`, respectively. + * Output of racial or ethnic residential segregation indices is now rounded to four significant digits * `tigris` and `units` are now Imports * Reformatted functions for consistent internal structure * 'package.R' deprecated. Replaced with 'ndi-package.R' and reordered the contents @@ -34,6 +36,8 @@ * Split up vignette into three separate vignettes: 'ndi1', 'ndi2', and 'ndi3' for the *NDI*, racial or ethnic residential segregation, and additional socioeconomic disparity indices, respectively * Added examples for `atkinson()`, `duncan_cuzzort()`, `duncan_duncan()`, `gini()`, `hoover()`, `james_taeuber()`, `lieberson()`, `massey()`, `massey_duncan()`, `morgan_massey()`, `theil()`, and `white_blau()` functions in vignettes and README * Added example for `holder` argument in `atkinson()` function in README + * Added internal and external references within each functions documentation + * Reordered and reformatted CITATION alphabetically by index abbreviation * Reordered the README examples alphabetically * Reordered the vignette examples to group the racial or ethnic residential segregation indices * Updated examples in vignettes to showcase a larger variety of U.S. states diff --git a/inst/CITATION b/inst/CITATION index 14549ea..2c6d77a 100755 --- a/inst/CITATION +++ b/inst/CITATION @@ -2,48 +2,26 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'manual', title = 'ndi: Neighborhood Deprivation Indices', author = as.person('Ian D. Buller'), publisher = 'The Comprehensive R Archive Network', - year = '2024', - number = '0.1.6.9014.', - doi = '10.5281/zenodo.6989030', + year = '2025', + number = '0.1.6.9015.', + doi = '10.32614/CRAN.package.ndi', url = 'https://cran.r-project.org/package=ndi', textVersion = - paste('Ian D. Buller (2024).', + paste('Ian D. Buller (2025)', 'ndi: Neighborhood Deprivation Indices.', 'The Comprehensive R Archive Network.', - 'v0.1.6.9014.', - 'DOI:10.5281/zenodo.6989030', + 'v0.1.6.9015.', + 'DOI:10.32614/CRAN.package.ndi', 'Accessed by: https://cran.r-project.org/package=ndi'), header = 'To cite ndi in publications, please use the following and include the version number and DOI:' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'A spatial measure of neighborhood level racial isolation applied to low birthweight, preterm birth, and birthweight in North Carolina', - author = c(as.person('Rebecca Anthopolos'), - as.person('Sherman A. James'), - as.person('Alan E. Gelfand'), - as.person('Marie Lynn Miranda')), - journal = 'Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology', - year = '2011', - volume = '2', - number = '4', - pages = '235--246', - doi = '10.1016/j.sste.2011.06.002', - - textVersion = - paste('Rebecca Anthopolos, Sherman A. James, Alan E. Gelfand, Marie Lynn Miranda (2011).', - 'A spatial measure of neighborhood level racial isolation applied to low birthweight, preterm birth, and birthweight in North Carolina.', - 'Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology, 2(4), 235-246.', - 'DOI:10.1016/j.sste.2011.06.002'), - - header = 'If you computed RI (Anthopolos) values, please also cite:' -) - -bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'On the measurement of inequality', + title = 'On the Measurement of Inequality', author = as.person('Anthony B. Atkinson'), - journal = 'Journal of economic theory', + journal = 'Journal of Economic Theory', year = '1970', volume = '2', number = '3', @@ -51,95 +29,14 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', doi = '10.1016/0022-0531(70)90039-6', textVersion = - paste('Anthony B. Atkinson (1970).', - 'On the measurement of inequality.', - 'Journal of economic theory, 2(3), 244-263.', + paste('Anthony B. Atkinson (1970)', + 'On the Measurement of Inequality.', + 'Journal of Economic Theory, 2(3):244-263.', 'DOI:10.1016/0022-0531(70)90039-6'), header = 'If you computed A (Atkinson) values, please also cite:' ) -bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', - title = 'The Social Areas of Los Angeles: Analysis and Typology', - author = c(as.person('Eshref Shevky'), - as.person('Marilyn Williams')), - year = '1949', - edition = '1st edition', - city = 'Los Angeles', - publisher = 'John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation', - isbn = '978-0-837-15637-8', - - textVersion = - paste('Eshref Shevky, Marilyn Williams (1949).', - 'The Social Areas of Los Angeles: Analysis and Typology.', - '1st Ed.', - 'Los Angeles:John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation.', - 'ISBN-13:978-0-837-15637-8'), - - header = 'If you computed xPy* (Bell) values, please also cite (1):' -) - -bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'A Probability Model for the Measurement of Ecological Segregation', - author = as.person('Wendell Bell'), - journal = 'Social Forces', - year = '1954', - volume = '32', - issue = '4', - pages = '357--364', - doi = '10.2307/2574118', - - textVersion = - paste('Wendell Bell (1954).', - 'A Probability Model for the Measurement of Ecological Segregation.', - 'Social Forces, 32(4), 357-364.', - 'DOI:10.2307/2574118'), - - header = 'And (2):' -) - -bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Measures Matter: The Local Exposure/Isolation (LEx/Is) Metrics and Relationships between Local-Level Segregation and Breast Cancer Survival', - author = c(as.person('Amin Bemanian'), - as.person('Kirsten M.M. Beyer')), - journal = 'Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention', - year = '2017', - volume = '26', - issue = '4', - pages = '516--524', - doi = '10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0926', - - textVersion = - paste('Amin Bemanian, Kirsten M.M. Beyer (2017).', - 'Measures Matter: The Local Exposure/Isolation (LEx/Is) Metrics and Relationships between Local-Level Segregation and Breast Cancer Survival.', - 'Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 26(4), 516-524.', - 'DOI:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0926'), - - header = 'If you computed LEx/Is (Bemanian & Beyer) values, please also cite:' -) - -bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Assessing Disparity Using Measures of Racial and Educational Isolation', - author = c(as.person('Mercedes A. Bravo'), - as.person('Man Chong Leong'), - as.person('Alan E. Gelfand'), - as.person('Marie Lynn Miranda')), - journal = 'International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health', - year = '2021', - volume = '18', - number = '17', - pages = '9384', - doi = '10.3390/ijerph18179384', - - textVersion = - paste('Mercedes A. Bravo, Man Chong Leong, Alan E. Gelfand, Marie Lynn Miranda (2021).', - 'Assessing Disparity Using Measures of Racial and Educational Isolation.', - 'International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(17), 9384.', - 'DOI:10.3390/ijerph18179384'), - - header = 'If you computed EI (Bravo) values, please also cite:' -) - bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', title = 'Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data', author = c(as.person('Otis D. Duncan'), @@ -150,7 +47,7 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', lc = '60007089', textVersion = - paste('Otis D. Duncan, Ray P. Cuzzort, & Beverly Duncan (1961).', + paste('Otis D. Duncan, Ray P. Cuzzort, & Beverly Duncan (1961)', 'Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data.', 'Free Press', 'LC:60007089'), @@ -170,54 +67,14 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', textVersion = - paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988).', + paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988)', 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', - 'Social Forces, 67(1), 281-315.', + 'Social Forces, 67(1):281-315.', 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), header = 'And (2):' ) -bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'A Methodological Analysis of Segregation Indexes', - author = c(as.person('Otis D. Duncan'), - as.person('Beverly Duncan')), - journal = 'American Sociological Review', - year = '1955', - volume = '20', - number = '2', - pages = '210--217', - doi = '10.2307/2088328', - - textVersion = - paste('Otis D. Duncan, Beverly Duncan (1955).', - 'A Methodological Analysis of Segregation Indexes.', - 'American Sociological Review, 20(2), 210-217.', - 'DOI:10.2307/2088328'), - - header = 'If you computed D (Duncan & Duncan) values, please also cite:' -) - -bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Residential Distribution and Occupational Stratification', - author = c(as.person('Otis D. Duncan'), - as.person('Beverly Duncan')), - journal = 'American Journal of Sociology', - year = '1955', - volume = '60', - number = '5', - pages = '493--503', - doi = '10.1086/221609', - - textVersion = - paste('Otis D. Duncan, Beverly Duncan (1955).', - 'Residential Distribution and Occupational Stratification.', - 'American Journal of Sociology, 60(5), 493-503.', - 'DOI:10.1086/221609'), - - header = 'If you computed RCE (Duncan & Duncan) values, please also cite (1):' -) - bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', title = 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation', author = c(as.person('Douglas S. Massey'), @@ -230,49 +87,32 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', textVersion = - paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988).', + paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988)', 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', - 'Social Forces, 67(1), 281-315.', + 'Social Forces, 67(1):281-315.', 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), - header = 'And (2):' -) - -bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Measurement of Inequality of Incomes', - author = as.person('Corrado Gini'), - journal = 'The Economic Journal', - year = '1921', - volume = '31', - number = '121', - pages = '124--126', - doi = '10.2307/2223319', - - textVersion = - paste('Corrado Gini (1921).', - 'Measurement of Inequality of Incomes.', - 'The Economic Journal, 31(121), 124-126.', - 'DOI:10.2307/2223319'), - - header = 'If you retrieved G (Gini) values, please also cite:' + header = 'If you computed ACL (Massey & Denton) values, please also cite:' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Interstate Redistribution of Population, 1850-1940', - author = as.person('Edgar M. Hoover'), - journal = 'Journal of Economic History', - year = '1941', - volume = '1', - pages = '199--205', - doi = '10.2307/2223319', + title = 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation', + author = c(as.person('Douglas S. Massey'), + as.person('Nancy A. Denton')), + journal = 'Social Forces', + year = '1988', + volume = '67', + issue = '2', + pages = '281--315', + doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', textVersion = - paste('Edgar M. Hoover (1941).', - 'Interstate Redistribution of Population, 1850-1940.', - 'Journal of Economic History, 1, 199-205.', - 'DOI:10.2307/2223319'), + paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988)', + 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', + 'Social Forces, 67(1):281-315.', + 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), - header = 'If you computed DEL (Hoover) values, please also cite (1):' + header = 'If you computed ACO (Massey & Denton) values, please also cite (1):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', @@ -285,7 +125,7 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', lc = '60007089', textVersion = - paste('Otis D. Duncan, Ray P. Cuzzort, & Beverly Duncan (1961).', + paste('Otis D. Duncan, Ray P. Cuzzort, & Beverly Duncan (1961)', 'Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data.', 'Free Press', 'LC:60007089'), @@ -293,6 +133,26 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', header = 'And (2):' ) +bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', + title = 'A Methodological Analysis of Segregation Indexes', + author = c(as.person('Otis D. Duncan'), + as.person('Beverly Duncan')), + journal = 'American Sociological Review', + year = '1955', + volume = '20', + number = '2', + pages = '210--217', + doi = '10.2307/2088328', + + textVersion = + paste('Otis D. Duncan, Beverly Duncan (1955)', + 'A Methodological Analysis of Segregation Indexes.', + 'American Sociological Review, 20(2):210-217.', + 'DOI:10.2307/2088328'), + + header = 'If you computed D (Duncan & Duncan) values, please also cite:' +) + bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', title = 'Measures of Segregation', author = c(as.person('David R. James'), @@ -304,142 +164,30 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', doi = '10.2307/270845', textVersion = - paste('David R. James & Karl K. Taeuber (1954).', + paste('David R. James & Karl K. Taeuber (1985)', 'Measures of Segregation.', - 'Sociological Methodology, 15, 1-32.', + 'Sociological Methodology, 15:1-32.', 'DOI:10.2307/270845'), header = 'If you computed D (James & Taeuber) values, please also cite:' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Spatial social polarisation: using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes jointly for income and race/ethnicity to analyse risk of hypertension', - author = c(as.person('Justin M. Feldman'), - as.person('Pamela D. Waterman'), - as.person('Brent A. Coull'), - as.person('Nancy Krieger')), - journal = 'Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health', - year = '2015', - volume = '69', - issue = '12', - pages = '1199--207', - doi = '10.1136/jech-2015-205728', - - textVersion = - paste('Justin M. Feldman, Pamela D. Waterman, Brent A. Coull, Nancy Krieger (2015).', - 'Spatial social polarisation: using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes jointly for income and race/ethnicity to analyse risk of hypertension.', - 'Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 69(12), 1199-207.', - 'DOI:10.1136/jech-2015-205728'), - - header = 'If you computed ICE (Krieger) values, please also cite (1):' -) - -bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Public Health Monitoring of Privilege and Deprivation With the Index of Concentration at the Extremes', - author = c(as.person('Nancy Krieger'), - as.person('Pamela D. Waterman'), - as.person('Jasmina Spasojevic'), - as.person('Wenhui Li'), - as.person('Wenhui Li'), - as.person('Gretchen Van Wye')), - journal = 'American Journal of Public Health ', - year = '2016', - volume = '106', - issue = '2', - pages = '256--263', - doi = '10.2105/AJPH.2015.302955', - - textVersion = - paste('Beth A. Slotman, David G Stinchcomb, Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley, Danielle M. Ostendorf, Brian E. Saelens, Amy A. Gorin, Shannon N. Zenk, David Berrigan (2016).', - 'Public Health Monitoring of Privilege and Deprivation With the Index of Concentration at the Extremes.', - 'American Journal of Public Health, 106(2), 256-263.', - 'DOI:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302955'), - - header = 'And (2):' -) - -bibentry(bibtype = 'InBook', - title = 'Ethnic Segregation in Cities', - author = as.person('Stanley Lieberson'), - chapter = 'An Asymmetrical Approach to Segregation', - year = '1981', - edition = '1st edition', - editor = c(as.person('Ceri Peach'), - as.person('Vaughan Robinson'), - as.person('Susan Smith')), - city = 'London', - publisher = 'Croom Helm', - isbn = '978-1-032-53884-6', - - textVersion = - paste('Stanley Lieberson (1981).', - '"An Asymmetrical Approach to Segregation." Pp. 61-82 in', - 'Ethnic Segregation in Cities,', - 'edited by Ceri Peach, Vaughan Robinson, and Susan Smith.', - '1st Ed.', - 'London:Croom Helm.', - 'ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6'), - - header = 'If you computed xPx* (Lieberson) values, please also cite (1):' -) - -bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'A Probability Model for the Measurement of Ecological Segregation', - author = as.person('Wendell Bell'), - journal = 'Social Forces', - year = '1954', - volume = '32', - issue = '4', - pages = '357--364', - doi = '10.2307/2574118', - - textVersion = - paste('Wendell Bell (1954).', - 'A Probability Model for the Measurement of Ecological Segregation.', - 'Social Forces, 32(4), 357-364.', - 'DOI:10.2307/2574118'), - - header = 'And (2):' -) - -bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation', - author = c(as.person('Douglas S. Massey'), - as.person('Nancy A. Denton')), - journal = 'Social Forces', - year = '1988', - volume = '67', - issue = '2', - pages = '281--315', - doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', - - textVersion = - paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988).', - 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', - 'Social Forces, 67(1), 281-315.', - 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), - - header = 'If you computed ACL (Massey & Denton) values, please also cite:' -) - -bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation', - author = c(as.person('Douglas S. Massey'), - as.person('Nancy A. Denton')), - journal = 'Social Forces', - year = '1988', - volume = '67', - issue = '2', - pages = '281--315', - doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', + title = 'Interstate Redistribution of Population, 1850-1940', + author = as.person('Edgar M. Hoover'), + journal = 'Journal of Economic History', + year = '1941', + volume = '1', + pages = '199--205', + doi = '10.2307/2223319', textVersion = - paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988).', - 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', - 'Social Forces, 67(1), 281-315.', - 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), + paste('Edgar M. Hoover (1941)', + 'Interstate Redistribution of Population, 1850-1940.', + 'Journal of Economic History, 1:199-205.', + 'DOI:10.2307/2223319'), - header = 'If you computed ACO (Massey & Denton) values, please also cite (1):' + header = 'If you computed DEL (Hoover) values, please also cite (1):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', @@ -452,7 +200,7 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', lc = '60007089', textVersion = - paste('Otis D. Duncan, Ray P. Cuzzort, & Beverly Duncan (1961).', + paste('Otis D. Duncan, Ray P. Cuzzort, & Beverly Duncan (1961)', 'Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data.', 'Free Press', 'LC:60007089'), @@ -471,12 +219,12 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', url = 'https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935', textVersion = - paste('Barrie S. Morgan (1983).', + paste('Barrie S. Morgan (1983)', 'A Distance-Decay Based Interaction Index to Measure Residential Segregation.', - 'Area, 15(4), 211-217.', + 'Area, 15(4):211-217.', 'https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935'), - header = 'If you computed DPxy* (Morgan) values, please also cite (1):' + header = 'If you computed DPxx* (Morgan) values, please also cite (1):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', @@ -491,9 +239,9 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', textVersion = - paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988).', + paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988)', 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', - 'Social Forces, 67(1), 281-315.', + 'Social Forces, 67(1):281-315.', 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), header = 'And (2):' @@ -510,12 +258,12 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', url = 'https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935', textVersion = - paste('Barrie S. Morgan (1983).', + paste('Barrie S. Morgan (1983)', 'A Distance-Decay Based Interaction Index to Measure Residential Segregation.', - 'Area, 15(4), 211-217.', + 'Area, 15(4):211-217.', 'https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935'), - header = 'If you computed DPxx* (Morgan) values, please also cite (1):' + header = 'If you computed DPxy* (Morgan) values, please also cite (1):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', @@ -530,74 +278,200 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', textVersion = - paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988).', + paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988)', 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', - 'Social Forces, 67(1), 281-315.', + 'Social Forces, 67(1):281-315.', 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), header = 'And (2):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation', - author = c(as.person('Douglas S. Massey'), - as.person('Nancy A. Denton')), - journal = 'Social Forces', - year = '1988', - volume = '67', - issue = '2', - pages = '281--315', - doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', + title = 'Assessing Disparity Using Measures of Racial and Educational Isolation', + author = c(as.person('Mercedes A. Bravo'), + as.person('Man Chong Leong'), + as.person('Alan E. Gelfand'), + as.person('Marie Lynn Miranda')), + journal = 'International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health', + year = '2021', + volume = '18', + number = '17', + pages = '9384', + doi = '10.3390/ijerph18179384', textVersion = - paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988).', - 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', - 'Social Forces, 67(1), 281-315.', - 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), + paste('Mercedes A. Bravo, Man Chong Leong, Alan E. Gelfand, Marie Lynn Miranda (2021)', + 'Assessing Disparity Using Measures of Racial and Educational Isolation.', + 'International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(17):9384.', + 'DOI:10.3390/ijerph18179384'), - header = 'If you computed RCO (Massey & Denton) values, please also cite (1):' + header = 'If you computed EI (Bravo) values, please also cite:' +) + +bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', + title = 'Measurement of Inequality of Incomes', + author = as.person('Corrado Gini'), + journal = 'The Economic Journal', + year = '1921', + volume = '31', + number = '121', + pages = '124--126', + doi = '10.2307/2223319', + + textVersion = + paste('Corrado Gini (1921)', + 'Measurement of Inequality of Incomes.', + 'The Economic Journal, 31(121):124-126.', + 'DOI:10.2307/2223319'), + + header = 'If you retrieved G (Gini) values, please also cite:' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', - title = 'Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data', - author = c(as.person('Otis D. Duncan'), - as.person('Ray P. Cuzzort'), - as.person('Beverly Duncan')), - year = '1961', - publisher = 'Free Press', - lc = '60007089', + title = 'Statistical decomposition analysis. With applications in the social and administrative sciences', + author = as.person('Henri Theil'), + year = '1972', + city = 'Amsterdam', + publisher = 'North-Holland Publishing Company', + isbn = '978-0-444-10378-9', textVersion = - paste('Otis D. Duncan, Ray P. Cuzzort, & Beverly Duncan (1961).', - 'Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data.', - 'Free Press', - 'LC:60007089'), + paste('Henri Theil (1972)', + 'Statistical decomposition analysis. With applications in the social and administrative sciences.', + 'Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company', + 'ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6'), + + header = 'If you computed H (Theil) values, please also cite (1):' +) + +bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', + title = 'A Note on the Measurement of Racial Integration of Schools by Means of Informational Concepts', + author = c(as.person('Henri Theil'), + as.person('Anthony J. Finizza')), + journal = 'Journal of Mathematical Sociology', + year = '1971', + volume = '1', + pages = '187--194', + doi = '10.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795', + + textVersion = + paste('Henri Theil & Anthony J. Finizza (1971)', + 'A Note on the Measurement of Racial Integration of Schools by Means of Informational Concepts.', + 'Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1:187-194.', + 'DOI:10.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795'), header = 'And (2):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation', - author = c(as.person('Douglas S. Massey'), - as.person('Nancy A. Denton')), - journal = 'Social Forces', - year = '1988', - volume = '67', + title = 'Spatial Social Polarisation: Using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes Jointly for Income and Race/Ethnicity to Analyse Risk of Hypertension', + author = c(as.person('Justin M. Feldman'), + as.person('Pamela D. Waterman'), + as.person('Brent A. Coull'), + as.person('Nancy Krieger')), + journal = 'Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health', + year = '2015', + volume = '69', + issue = '12', + pages = '1199--207', + doi = '10.1136/jech-2015-205728', + + textVersion = + paste('Justin M. Feldman, Pamela D. Waterman, Brent A. Coull, Nancy Krieger (2015)', + 'Spatial Social Polarisation: Using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes Jointly for Income and Race/Ethnicity to Analyse Risk of Hypertension', + 'Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 69(12):1199-207.', + 'DOI:10.1136/jech-2015-205728'), + + header = 'If you computed ICE (Krieger) values, please also cite (1):' +) + +bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', + title = 'Public Health Monitoring of Privilege and Deprivation With the Index of Concentration at the Extremes', + author = c(as.person('Nancy Krieger'), + as.person('Pamela D. Waterman'), + as.person('Jasmina Spasojevic'), + as.person('Wenhui Li'), + as.person('Gil Maduro'), + as.person('Gretchen Van Wye')), + journal = 'American Journal of Public Health ', + year = '2016', + volume = '106', issue = '2', - pages = '281--315', - doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', + pages = '256--263', + doi = '10.2105/AJPH.2015.302955', + + textVersion = + paste('Pamela D. Waterman, Jasmina Spasojevic, Wenhui Li, Gil Maduro, & Gretchen Van Wye (2016)', + 'Public Health Monitoring of Privilege and Deprivation With the Index of Concentration at the Extremes.', + 'American Journal of Public Health, 106(2):256-263.', + 'DOI:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302955'), + + header = 'And (2):' +) + +bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', + title = 'Measures Matter: The Local Exposure/Isolation (LEx/Is) Metrics and Relationships between Local-Level Segregation and Breast Cancer Survival', + author = c(as.person('Amin Bemanian'), + as.person('Kirsten M.M. Beyer')), + journal = 'Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention', + year = '2017', + volume = '26', + issue = '4', + pages = '516--524', + doi = '10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0926', + + textVersion = + paste('Amin Bemanian, Kirsten M.M. Beyer (2017)', + 'Measures Matter: The Local Exposure/Isolation (LEx/Is) Metrics and Relationships between Local-Level Segregation and Breast Cancer Survival.', + 'Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 26(4):516-524.', + 'DOI:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0926'), + + header = 'If you computed LEx/Is (Bemanian & Beyer) values, please also cite:' +) + +bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', + title = 'Social Structure and Anomie', + author = as.person('Robert K. Merton'), + journal = 'American Sociological Review', + year = '1938', + volume = '3', + number = '5', + pages = '672--682', + doi = '10.2307/2084686 ', + + textVersion = + paste('Robert K. Merton (1938)', + 'Social Structure and Anomie.', + 'American Sociological Review, 3(5):672-682.', + 'DOI:10.2307/2084686 '), + + header = 'If you computed LQ (Sudano) values, please also cite (1):' +) + +bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', + title = 'Neighborhood Racial Residential Segregation and Changes in Health or Death Among Older Adults', + author = c(as.person('Joseph J. Sudano'), + as.person('Adam Perzynski'), + as.person('David W. Wong'), + as.person('Natalie Colabianchi'), + as.person('David Litaker')), + journal = 'Health & Place', + year = '2013', + volume = '19', + pages = '80--88', + doi = '10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.09.015', textVersion = - paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988).', - 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', - 'Social Forces, 67(1), 281-315.', - 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), + paste('Joseph J. Sudano, Adam Perzynski, David W. Wong, Natalie Colabianchi, David Litaker (2013)', + 'Neighborhood Racial Residential Segregation and Changes in Health or Death Among Older Adults.', + 'Health & Place, 19:80-88.', + 'DOI:10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.09.015'), - header = 'If you computed RCL (Massey & Denton) values, please also cite:' + header = 'And (2):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'The development of a standardized neighborhood deprivation index', + title = 'The Development of a Standardized Neighborhood Deprivation Index', author = c(as.person('Lynne C. Messer'), as.person('Barbara A. Laraia'), as.person('Jay S. Kaufman'), @@ -615,16 +489,16 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', doi = '10.1007/s11524-006-9094-x', textVersion = - paste("Lynne C. Messer, Barbara A. Laraia, Jay S. Kaufman, Janet Eyster, Claudia Holzman, Jennifer Culhane, Irma Elo, Jessica Burke, Patricia O'Campo (2006).", - 'The development of a standardized neighborhood deprivation index.', - 'Journal of Urban Health, 83(6), 1041-1062.', + paste("Lynne C. Messer, Barbara A. Laraia, Jay S. Kaufman, Janet Eyster, Claudia Holzman, Jennifer Culhane, Irma Elo, Jessica Burke, Patricia O'Campo (2006)", + 'The Development of a Standardized Neighborhood Deprivation Index.', + 'Journal of Urban Health, 83(6):1041-1062.', 'DOI:10.1007/s11524-006-9094-x'), header = 'If you computed NDI (Messer) values, please also cite:' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Geospatial analysis of neighborhood deprivation index (NDI) for the United States by county', + title = 'Geospatial Analysis of Neighborhood Deprivation Index (NDI) for the United States by County', author = c(as.person('Marcus A. Andrews'), as.person('Kosuke Tomura'), as.person('Sophie E. Claudel'), @@ -643,16 +517,16 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', doi = '10.1080/17445647.2020.1750066', textVersion = - paste('Marcus A. Andrews, Kosuke Tomura, Sophie E. Claudel, Samantha Xu, Joniqua N. Ceasar, Billy S. Collins, Steven Langerman, Valerie M. Mitchell, Yvonne Baumer, Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley (2022).', - 'Geospatial analysis of neighborhood deprivation index (NDI) for the United States by county.', - 'Journal of Maps, 16(1), 101-112.', + paste('Marcus A. Andrews, Kosuke Tomura, Sophie E. Claudel, Samantha Xu, Joniqua N. Ceasar, Billy S. Collins, Steven Langerman, Valerie M. Mitchell, Yvonne Baumer, Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley (2022)', + 'Geospatial Analysis of Neighborhood Deprivation Index (NDI) for the United States by County.', + 'Journal of Maps, 16(1):101-112.', 'DOI:10.1080/17445647.2020.1750066'), header = 'If you computed NDI (Powell-Wiley) values, please also cite (1):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Environmental data and methods from the Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict Obesity Treatment (ADOPT) core measures environmental working group', + title = 'Environmental Data and Methods from the Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict Obesity Treatment (ADOPT) Core Measures Environmental Working Group', author = c(as.person('Beth A. Slotman'), as.person('David G Stinchcomb'), as.person('Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley'), @@ -668,87 +542,165 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', doi = '10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002', textVersion = - paste('Beth A. Slotman, David G Stinchcomb, Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley, Danielle M. Ostendorf, Brian E. Saelens, Amy A. Gorin, Shannon N. Zenk, David Berrigan (2022).', - 'Environmental data and methods from the Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict Obesity Treatment (ADOPT) core measures environmental working group.', - 'Data in Brief, 41, 108002.', + paste('Beth A. Slotman, David G Stinchcomb, Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley, Danielle M. Ostendorf, Brian E. Saelens, Amy A. Gorin, Shannon N. Zenk, David Berrigan (2022)', + 'Environmental Data and Methods from the Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict Obesity Treatment (ADOPT) Core Measures Environmental Working Group.', + 'Data in Brief, 41:108002.', 'DOI:10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002'), header = 'And (2):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Social Structure and Anomie', - author = as.person('Robert K. Merton'), - journal = 'American Sociological Review', - year = '1938', - volume = '3', + title = 'Residential Distribution and Occupational Stratification', + author = c(as.person('Otis D. Duncan'), + as.person('Beverly Duncan')), + journal = 'American Journal of Sociology', + year = '1955', + volume = '60', number = '5', - pages = '672--682', - doi = '10.2307/2084686 ', + pages = '493--503', + doi = '10.1086/221609', textVersion = - paste('Robert K. Merton (1938).', - 'Social Structure and Anomie.', - 'American Sociological Review, 3(5), 672-682.', - 'DOI:10.2307/2084686 '), + paste('Otis D. Duncan, Beverly Duncan (1955)', + 'Residential Distribution and Occupational Stratification.', + 'American Journal of Sociology, 60(5):493-503.', + 'DOI:10.1086/221609'), - header = 'If you computed LQ (Sudano) values, please also cite (1):' + header = 'If you computed RCE (Duncan & Duncan) values, please also cite (1):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Neighborhood racial residential segregation and changes in health or death among older adults', - author = c(as.person('Joseph J. Sudano'), - as.person('Adam Perzynski'), - as.person('David W. Wong'), - as.person('Natalie Colabianchi'), - as.person('David Litaker')), - journal = 'Health & Place', - year = '2013', - volume = '19', - pages = '80--88', - doi = '10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.09.015', + title = 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation', + author = c(as.person('Douglas S. Massey'), + as.person('Nancy A. Denton')), + journal = 'Social Forces', + year = '1988', + volume = '67', + issue = '2', + pages = '281--315', + doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', textVersion = - paste('Joseph J. Sudano, Adam Perzynski, David W. Wong, Natalie Colabianchi, David Litaker (2013).', - 'Neighborhood racial residential segregation and changes in health or death among older adults.', - 'Health & Place, 19, 80-88.', - 'DOI:10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.09.015'), + paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988)', + 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', + 'Social Forces, 67(1):281-315.', + 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), header = 'And (2):' ) +bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', + title = 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation', + author = c(as.person('Douglas S. Massey'), + as.person('Nancy A. Denton')), + journal = 'Social Forces', + year = '1988', + volume = '67', + issue = '2', + pages = '281--315', + doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', + + textVersion = + paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988)', + 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', + 'Social Forces, 67(1):281-315.', + 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), + + header = 'If you computed RCL (Massey & Denton) values, please also cite:' +) + +bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', + title = 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation', + author = c(as.person('Douglas S. Massey'), + as.person('Nancy A. Denton')), + journal = 'Social Forces', + year = '1988', + volume = '67', + issue = '2', + pages = '281--315', + doi = '10.1093/sf/67.2.281', + + textVersion = + paste('Douglas S. Massey & Nancy A. Denton (1988)', + 'The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.', + 'Social Forces, 67(1):281-315.', + 'DOI:10.1093/sf/67.2.281'), + + header = 'If you computed RCO (Massey & Denton) values, please also cite (1):' +) + bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', - title = 'Statistical decomposition analysis. With applications in the social and administrative sciences', - author = as.person('Henri Theil'), - year = '1972', - city = 'Amsterdam', - publisher = 'North-Holland Publishing Company', - isbn = '978-0-444-10378-9', + title = 'Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data', + author = c(as.person('Otis D. Duncan'), + as.person('Ray P. Cuzzort'), + as.person('Beverly Duncan')), + year = '1961', + publisher = 'Free Press', + lc = '60007089', textVersion = - paste('Henri Theil (1972).', - 'Statistical decomposition analysis. With applications in the social and administrative sciences.', - 'Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company', - 'ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6'), - - header = 'If you computed H (Theil) values, please also cite (1):' + paste('Otis D. Duncan, Ray P. Cuzzort, & Beverly Duncan (1961)', + 'Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data.', + 'Free Press', + 'LC:60007089'), + + header = 'And (2):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'A note on the measurement of racial integration of schools by means of informational concepts', - author = c(as.person('Henri Theil'), - as.person('Anthony J. Finizza')), - journal = 'Journal of Mathematical Sociology', - year = '1971', - volume = '1', - pages = '187--194', - doi = '10.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795', + title = 'A Spatial Measure of Neighborhood Level Racial Isolation Applied to Low Birthweight, Preterm Birth, and Birthweight in North Carolina', + author = c(as.person('Rebecca Anthopolos'), + as.person('Sherman A. James'), + as.person('Alan E. Gelfand'), + as.person('Marie Lynn Miranda')), + journal = 'Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology', + year = '2011', + volume = '2', + number = '4', + pages = '235--246', + doi = '10.1016/j.sste.2011.06.002', textVersion = - paste('Henri Theil & Anthony J. Finizza (1971).', - 'A note on the measurement of racial integration of schools by means of informational concepts.', - 'Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1, 187-194.', - 'DOI:10.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795'), + paste('Rebecca Anthopolos, Sherman A. James, Alan E. Gelfand, Marie Lynn Miranda (2011)', + 'A Spatial Measure of Neighborhood Level Racial Isolation Applied to Low Birthweight, Preterm Birth, and Birthweight in North Carolina.', + 'Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology, 2(4):235-246.', + 'DOI:10.1016/j.sste.2011.06.002'), + + header = 'If you computed RI (Anthopolos) values, please also cite:' +) + +bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', + title = 'Segregation and Diversity Measures in Population Distribution', + author = as.person('Michael J. White'), + journal = 'Population Index', + year = '1986', + volume = '52', + issue = '2', + pages = '198--221', + doi = '10.2307/3644339', + + textVersion = + paste('Michael J. White (1986)', + 'Segregation and Diversity Measures in Population Distribution.', + 'Population Index, 52(2):198-221.', + 'DOI:10.2307/3644339'), + + header = 'If you computed SP (White) values, please also cite (1):' +) + +bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', + title = 'Inequality and Heterogeneity: A Primitive Theory of Social Structure', + author = as.person('Peter M. Blau'), + year = '1977', + publisher = 'Free Press', + isbn = '978-0-029-03660-0', + + textVersion = + paste('Peter M. Blau (1977)', + 'Inequality and Heterogeneity: A Primitive Theory of Social Structure.', + 'Free Press', + 'ISBN-13:978-0-029-03660-0'), header = 'And (2):' ) @@ -764,9 +716,9 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', doi = '10.2307/2574118', textVersion = - paste('Wendell Bell (1954).', + paste('Wendell Bell (1954)', 'A Probability Model for the Measurement of Ecological Segregation.', - 'Social Forces, 32(4), 357-364.', + 'Social Forces, 32(4):357-364.', 'DOI:10.2307/2574118'), header = 'If you computed V (White) values, please also cite (1):' @@ -783,45 +735,93 @@ bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', doi = '10.2307/3644339', textVersion = - paste('Michael J. White (1986).', + paste('Michael J. White (1986)', 'Segregation and Diversity Measures in Population Distribution.', - 'Population Index, 52(2), 198-221.', + 'Population Index, 52(2):198-221.', 'DOI:10.2307/3644339'), header = 'And (2):' ) +bibentry(bibtype = 'InBook', + title = 'Ethnic Segregation in Cities', + author = as.person('Stanley Lieberson'), + chapter = 'An Asymmetrical Approach to Segregation', + year = '1981', + edition = '1st edition', + editor = c(as.person('Ceri Peach'), + as.person('Vaughan Robinson'), + as.person('Susan Smith')), + city = 'London', + publisher = 'Croom Helm', + isbn = '978-1-032-53884-6', + + textVersion = + paste('Stanley Lieberson (1981)', + '"An Asymmetrical Approach to Segregation." Pp. 61-82 in', + 'Ethnic Segregation in Cities,', + 'edited by Ceri Peach, Vaughan Robinson, and Susan Smith.', + '1st Ed.', + 'London:Croom Helm.', + 'ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6'), + + header = 'If you computed xPx* (Lieberson) values, please also cite (1):' +) + bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', - title = 'Segregation and Diversity Measures in Population Distribution', - author = as.person('Michael J. White'), - journal = 'Population Index', - year = '1986', - volume = '52', - issue = '2', - pages = '198--221', - doi = '10.2307/3644339', + title = 'A Probability Model for the Measurement of Ecological Segregation', + author = as.person('Wendell Bell'), + journal = 'Social Forces', + year = '1954', + volume = '32', + issue = '4', + pages = '357--364', + doi = '10.2307/2574118', textVersion = - paste('Michael J. White (1986).', - 'Segregation and Diversity Measures in Population Distribution.', - 'Population Index, 52(2), 198-221.', - 'DOI:10.2307/3644339'), + paste('Wendell Bell (1954)', + 'A Probability Model for the Measurement of Ecological Segregation.', + 'Social Forces, 32(4):357-364.', + 'DOI:10.2307/2574118'), - header = 'If you computed SP (White) values, please also cite (1):' + header = 'And (2):' ) bibentry(bibtype = 'Book', - title = 'Inequality and Heterogeneity: A Primitive Theory of Social Structure', - author = as.person('Peter M. Blau'), - year = '1977', - publisher = 'Free Press', - isbn = '978-0-029-03660-0', + title = 'The Social Areas of Los Angeles: Analysis and Typology', + author = c(as.person('Eshref Shevky'), + as.person('Marilyn Williams')), + year = '1949', + edition = '1st edition', + city = 'Los Angeles', + publisher = 'John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation', + isbn = '978-0-837-15637-8', textVersion = - paste('Peter M. Blau (1977).', - 'Inequality and Heterogeneity: A Primitive Theory of Social Structure.', - 'Free Press', - 'ISBN-13:978-0-029-03660-0'), + paste('Eshref Shevky, Marilyn Williams (1949)', + 'The Social Areas of Los Angeles: Analysis and Typology.', + '1st Ed.', + 'Los Angeles:John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation.', + 'ISBN-13:978-0-837-15637-8'), + + header = 'If you computed xPy* (Bell) values, please also cite (1):' +) + +bibentry(bibtype = 'Article', + title = 'A Probability Model for the Measurement of Ecological Segregation', + author = as.person('Wendell Bell'), + journal = 'Social Forces', + year = '1954', + volume = '32', + issue = '4', + pages = '357--364', + doi = '10.2307/2574118', + + textVersion = + paste('Wendell Bell (1954)', + 'A Probability Model for the Measurement of Ecological Segregation.', + 'Social Forces, 32(4):357-364.', + 'DOI:10.2307/2574118'), header = 'And (2):' ) diff --git a/man/anthopolos.Rd b/man/anthopolos.Rd index 24c79a7..2c3751d 100644 --- a/man/anthopolos.Rd +++ b/man/anthopolos.Rd @@ -84,7 +84,16 @@ A census geography (and its neighbors) that has nearly all of its population who } +} +\references{ +Anthopolos, R, James, SA, Gelfand, AE, & Miranda, ML (2011) A Spatial Measure of Neighborhood Level Racial Isolation Applied to Low Birthweight, Preterm Birth, and Birthweight in North Carolina. \emph{Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology}, 2(4):235-246. \doi{10.1016/j.sste.2011.06.002} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other isolation indices: \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white}} + +Interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}} + +Education Isolation Index: \code{\link{bravo}} } diff --git a/man/atkinson.Rd b/man/atkinson.Rd index 426e8a0..3e37b97 100644 --- a/man/atkinson.Rd +++ b/man/atkinson.Rd @@ -110,7 +110,18 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Atkinson, AB (1970) On the Measurement of Inequality. \emph{Journal of Economic Theory}, 2(3):244-263. \doi{10.1016/0022-0531(70)90039-6} + +James, D, & Taeuber, KE (1985) Measures of Segregation. \emph{Sociological Methodology}, 15:1-32. \doi{10.2307/270845} + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other one-group evenness indices: \code{\link{gini}}, \code{\link{james_taeuber}}, \code{\link{sudano}}, \code{\link{theil}} + +Between groups dissimilarity indices: \code{\link{duncan}} } diff --git a/man/bell.Rd b/man/bell.Rd index d5767f4..c6173de 100644 --- a/man/bell.Rd +++ b/man/bell.Rd @@ -95,7 +95,18 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Eshref, S, & Williams, M (1949). \emph{The Social Areas of Los Angeles: Analysis and Typology}. 1st Ed. Los Angeles:John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation. ISBN-13:978-0-837-15637-8 + +Bell, W (1954) A probability model for the measurement of ecological segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 32(4):357-364. \doi{10.2307/2574118} + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other interaction indices: \code{\link{morgan_denton}} + +Isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white}} } diff --git a/man/bemanian_beyer.Rd b/man/bemanian_beyer.Rd index 86530f6..6e064dd 100644 --- a/man/bemanian_beyer.Rd +++ b/man/bemanian_beyer.Rd @@ -97,7 +97,14 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Bemanian, A, & Beyer, KMM (2017) Measures Matter: The Local Exposure/Isolation (LEx/Is) Metrics and Relationships between Local-Level Segregation and Breast Cancer Survival. \emph{Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention}, 26(4):516-524. \doi{10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0926} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white}} + +Interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}} } diff --git a/man/bravo.Rd b/man/bravo.Rd index 9f0def6..de1c42b 100644 --- a/man/bravo.Rd +++ b/man/bravo.Rd @@ -70,7 +70,12 @@ A census geography (and its neighbors) that has nearly all of its population wit } +} +\references{ +Bravo, MA, Leong, MC, Gelfand, AE, & Miranda, ML (2021) Assessing Disparity Using Measures of Racial and Educational Isolation. \emph{International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, 18(17):9384. \doi{10.3390/ijerph18179384} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Racial Isolation Index: \code{\link{anthopolos}} } diff --git a/man/denton.Rd b/man/denton.Rd index cd5a463..7f970bf 100644 --- a/man/denton.Rd +++ b/man/denton.Rd @@ -100,7 +100,14 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Absolute Clustering: \code{\link{massey}} + +Proximity measures: \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}}, \code{\link{white_blau}} } diff --git a/man/denton_cuzzort.Rd b/man/denton_cuzzort.Rd index 63c23cc..f1ca4de 100644 --- a/man/denton_cuzzort.Rd +++ b/man/denton_cuzzort.Rd @@ -95,7 +95,16 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} + +Duncan, OD, Cuzzort, RP, & Duncan, B (1961) \emph{Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data}. Free Press. LC:60007089 } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Absolute Concentration: \code{\link{massey_duncan}} + +Delta: \code{\link{hoover}} } diff --git a/man/duncan.Rd b/man/duncan.Rd index 4d2ad2d..588de0e 100644 --- a/man/duncan.Rd +++ b/man/duncan.Rd @@ -95,7 +95,12 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Duncan, OD, & Duncan, B (1955) Residential Distribution and Occupational Stratification. \emph{American Journal of Sociology}, 60(5):493-503. \doi{10.2307/2088328} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +One-group evenness indices: \code{\link{atkinson}}, \code{\link{gini}}, \code{\link{james_taeuber}}, \code{\link{sudano}}, \code{\link{theil}} } diff --git a/man/duncan_cuzzort.Rd b/man/duncan_cuzzort.Rd index 3355186..c719116 100644 --- a/man/duncan_cuzzort.Rd +++ b/man/duncan_cuzzort.Rd @@ -96,7 +96,14 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Duncan, OD, Cuzzort, RP, & Duncan, B (1961) \emph{Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data}. Free Press. LC:60007089 + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Relative Centralization: \code{\link{duncan_duncan}} } diff --git a/man/duncan_duncan.Rd b/man/duncan_duncan.Rd index ddfc1cb..f1c3dc6 100644 --- a/man/duncan_duncan.Rd +++ b/man/duncan_duncan.Rd @@ -100,7 +100,14 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Duncan, OD, Cuzzort, RP, & Duncan, B (1961) \emph{Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data}. Free Press. LC:60007089 + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Absolute Centralization: \code{\link{duncan_cuzzort}} } diff --git a/man/gini.Rd b/man/gini.Rd index 6966254..29562b0 100644 --- a/man/gini.Rd +++ b/man/gini.Rd @@ -91,7 +91,18 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Gini, C (1921) Measurement of Inequality of Incomes. \emph{The Economic Journal}, 31(121):124-126. \doi{10.2307/2223319} + +Duncan, OD, & Duncan, B (1955) Residential Distribution and Occupational Stratification. \emph{American Journal of Sociology}, 60(5):493-503. \doi{10.2307/2088328} + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other one-group evenness indices: \code{\link{atkinson}}, \code{\link{james_taeuber}}, \code{\link{sudano}}, \code{\link{theil}} + +Between groups dissimilarity indices: \code{\link{duncan}} } diff --git a/man/hoover.Rd b/man/hoover.Rd index 0ae5a49..ef844a0 100644 --- a/man/hoover.Rd +++ b/man/hoover.Rd @@ -91,7 +91,18 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Hoover, EM (1941) Interstate Redistribution of Population, 1850-1940. \emph{Journal of Economic History}, 1:199-205. \doi{10.2307/2223319} + +Duncan, OD, Cuzzort, RP, & Duncan, B (1961) \emph{Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data}. Free Press. LC:60007089 + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Absolute Concentration: \code{\link{massey_duncan}} + +Relative Concentration: \code{\link{denton_cuzzort}} } diff --git a/man/james_taeuber.Rd b/man/james_taeuber.Rd index 00c1f4f..febc2a0 100644 --- a/man/james_taeuber.Rd +++ b/man/james_taeuber.Rd @@ -91,7 +91,16 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +James, D, & Taeuber, KE (1985) Measures of Segregation. \emph{Sociological Methodology}, 15:1-32. \doi{10.2307/270845} + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other one-group evenness indices: \code{\link{atkinson}}, \code{\link{gini}}, \code{\link{sudano}}, \code{\link{theil}} + +Between groups dissimilarity indices: \code{\link{duncan}} } diff --git a/man/krieger.Rd b/man/krieger.Rd index 9625765..944f64e 100644 --- a/man/krieger.Rd +++ b/man/krieger.Rd @@ -62,7 +62,14 @@ Use the internal \code{state} and \code{county} arguments within the \code{\link } +} +\references{ +Feldman, JM, Waterman, PD, Coull, BA, & Krieger, N (2015) Spatial Social Polarisation: Using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes Jointly for Income and Race/Ethnicity to Analyse Risk of Hypertension. \emph{Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health}, 69(12):1199-207. \doi{10.1136/jech-2015-205728} + +Waterman, PD, Spasojevic, J, Li, W, Maduro, G, & Wye, GV (2016) Public Health Monitoring of Privilege and Deprivation With the Index of Concentration at the Extremes. \emph{American Journal of Public Health}, 106(2):256-263. \doi{10.2105/AJPH.2015.302955} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other concentration metrics: \code{\link{denton_cuzzort}}, \code{\link{hoover}}, \code{\link{massey_duncan}} } diff --git a/man/lieberson.Rd b/man/lieberson.Rd index 40ae52d..b9fa268 100644 --- a/man/lieberson.Rd +++ b/man/lieberson.Rd @@ -91,7 +91,18 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Lieberson, S (1981). "An Asymmetrical Approach to Segregation." Pp. 61-82 in \emph{Ethnic Segregation in Cities}, edited by Peach, C, Robinson, V, & Smith, S. 1st Ed. London:Croom Helm. ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6 + +Bell, W (1954) A probability model for the measurement of ecological segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 32(4):357-364. \doi{10.2307/2574118} + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white}} + +Interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}} } diff --git a/man/massey.Rd b/man/massey.Rd index 6d861d0..f8ff400 100644 --- a/man/massey.Rd +++ b/man/massey.Rd @@ -96,7 +96,14 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Relative Clustering Index: \code{\link{denton}} + +Proximity measures: \code{\link{morgan_denton}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white_blau}} } diff --git a/man/massey_duncan.Rd b/man/massey_duncan.Rd index 08b5ed4..6ec20d0 100644 --- a/man/massey_duncan.Rd +++ b/man/massey_duncan.Rd @@ -91,7 +91,16 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} + +Duncan, OD, Cuzzort, RP, & Duncan, B (1961) \emph{Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Area Data}. Free Press. LC:60007089 } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Relative Concentration: \code{\link{denton_cuzzort}} + +Delta: \code{\link{hoover}} } diff --git a/man/messer.Rd b/man/messer.Rd index a64f52a..c3ce118 100644 --- a/man/messer.Rd +++ b/man/messer.Rd @@ -80,7 +80,12 @@ messer(df = DCtracts2020[ , c(1, 3:10)]) } +} +\references{ +Messer, LC, Laraia, BA, Kaufman, JS, Eyster, J, Holzman, C, Culhane, J, Elo, I, Burke, J, O'Campo, P (2006) The Development of a Standardized Neighborhood Deprivation Index. \emph{Journal of Urban Health}, 83(6):1041-1062. \doi{10.1007/s11524-006-9094-x} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic referent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Neighborhood Deprivation Index: \code{\link{powell_wiley}} } diff --git a/man/morgan_denton.Rd b/man/morgan_denton.Rd index d2017ed..cfe0cf9 100644 --- a/man/morgan_denton.Rd +++ b/man/morgan_denton.Rd @@ -100,7 +100,18 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Morgan, BS (1983) A Distance-Decay Based Interaction Index to Measure Residential Segregation. \emph{Area}, 15(3):211-217. \url{https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935} + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other proximity measures: \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white_blau}} + +Other interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}} + +Isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}}, \code{\link{white}} } diff --git a/man/morgan_massey.Rd b/man/morgan_massey.Rd index 016c3e6..07fb4c7 100644 --- a/man/morgan_massey.Rd +++ b/man/morgan_massey.Rd @@ -96,7 +96,18 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Morgan, BS (1983) A Distance-Decay Based Interaction Index to Measure Residential Segregation. \emph{Area}, 15(3):211-217. \url{https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935} + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other proximity measures: \code{\link{morgan_denton}}, \code{\link{white_blau}} + +Other isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{white}} + +Interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}} } diff --git a/man/ndi-package.Rd b/man/ndi-package.Rd index 6ffa831..db3d027 100644 --- a/man/ndi-package.Rd +++ b/man/ndi-package.Rd @@ -21,46 +21,56 @@ Key content of the 'ndi' package include:\cr \strong{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Segregation} -\code{\link{anthopolos}} Computes the spatial Racial Isolation Index (\emph{RI}) based on Anthopolos (2011) \doi{10.1016/j.sste.2011.06.002}. +\emph{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Evenness} \code{\link{atkinson}} Computes the aspatial Atkinson Index (\emph{A}) based on Atkinson (1970) \doi{10.1016/0022-0531(70)90039-6}. +\code{\link{duncan}} Computes the aspatial Dissimilarity Index (\emph{D}) based on Duncan & Duncan (1955a) \doi{10.2307/2088328}. + +\code{\link{gini}} Computes the aspatial Gini Index (\emph{G}) based on Gini (1921) \doi{10.2307/2223319}. + +\code{\link{james_taeuber}} Computes the aspatial Dissimilarity Index (\emph{D}) based on James & Taeuber (1985) \doi{10.2307/270845}. + +\code{\link{sudano}} Computes the aspatial Location Quotient (\emph{LQ}) based on Merton (1939) \doi{10.2307/2084686} and Sudano et al. (2013) \doi{10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.09.015}. + +\code{\link{theil}} Computes the aspatial Entropy (\emph{H}) based on Theil (1972; ISBN-13:978-0-444-10378-9) and Theil & Finizza (1971) \doi{110.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795}. + +\emph{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Exposure} + +\code{\link{anthopolos}} Computes the spatial Racial Isolation Index (\emph{RI}) based on Anthopolos (2011) \doi{10.1016/j.sste.2011.06.002}. + \code{\link{bell}} Computes the aspatial Interaction Index (\emph{xPy\*}) based on Shevky & Williams (1949; ISBN-13:978-0-837-15637-8) and Bell (1954) \doi{10.2307/2574118}. \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}} Computes the aspatial Local Exposure and Isolation (\emph{LEx/Is}) based on Bemanian & Beyer (2017) \doi{10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0926}. -\code{\link{denton}} Computes the aspatial Relative Clustering (\emph{RCL}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. +\code{\link{lieberson}} Computes the aspatial Isolation Index (\emph{xPx\*}) based on Lieberson (1981; ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6) and Bell (1954) \doi{10.2307/2574118}. + +\code{\link{white}} Computes the aspatial Correlation Ratio (\emph{V}) based on Bell (1954) \doi{10.2307/2574118} and White (1986) \doi{10.2307/3644339}. + +\emph{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Concentration} \code{\link{denton_cuzzort}} Computes the aspatial Relative Concentration (\emph{RCO}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} and Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089). -\code{\link{duncan}} Computes the aspatial Dissimilarity Index (\emph{D}) based on Duncan & Duncan (1955a) \doi{10.2307/2088328}. +\code{\link{hoover}} Computes the aspatial Delta (\emph{DEL}) based on Hoover (1941) \doi{10.1017/S0022050700052980} and Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089). -\code{\link{duncan_cuzzort}} Computes the aspatial Absolute Centralization (\emph{ACE}) based on Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089) and Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. +\code{\link{massey_duncan}} Computes the aspatial Absolute Concentration (\emph{ACO}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} and Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089). -\code{\link{duncan_duncan}} Computes the aspatial Relative Centralization (\emph{RCE}) based on Duncan & Duncan (1955b) \doi{10.1086/221609} and Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. +\emph{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Centralization} -\code{\link{gini}} Computes the aspatial Gini Index (\emph{G}) based on Gini (1921) \doi{10.2307/2223319}. +\code{\link{duncan_cuzzort}} Computes the aspatial Absolute Centralization (\emph{ACE}) based on Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089) and Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. -\code{\link{hoover}} Computes the aspatial Delta (\emph{DEL}) based on Hoover (1941) \doi{10.1017/S0022050700052980} and Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089). +\code{\link{duncan_duncan}} Computes the aspatial Relative Centralization (\emph{RCE}) based on Duncan & Duncan (1955b) \doi{10.1086/221609} and Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. -\code{\link{james_taeuber}} Computes the aspatial Dissimilarity Index (\emph{D}) based on James & Taeuber (1985) \doi{10.2307/270845}. +\emph{Indices of Racial or Ethnic Residential Clustering} -\code{\link{lieberson}} Computes the aspatial Isolation Index (\emph{xPx\*}) based on Lieberson (1981; ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6) and Bell (1954) \doi{10.2307/2574118}. +\code{\link{denton}} Computes the aspatial Relative Clustering (\emph{RCL}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. \code{\link{massey}} Computes the aspatial Absolute Clustering (\emph{ACL}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. -\code{\link{massey_duncan}} Computes the aspatial Absolute Concentration (\emph{ACO}) based on Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} and Duncan, Cuzzort, & Duncan (1961; LC:60007089). - \code{\link{morgan_denton}} Computes the aspatial Distance-Decay Interaction Index (\emph{DPxy\*}) based on Morgan (1986) \url{https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935} and Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. \code{\link{morgan_massey}} Computes the aspatial Distance-Decay Isolation Index (\emph{DPxx\*}) based on Morgan (1986) \url{https://www.jstor.org/stable/20001935} and Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281}. -\code{\link{sudano}} Computes the aspatial Location Quotient (\emph{LQ}) based on Merton (1939) \doi{10.2307/2084686} and Sudano et al. (2013) \doi{10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.09.015}. - -\code{\link{theil}} Computes the aspatial Entropy (\emph{H}) based on Theil (1972; ISBN-13:978-0-444-10378-9) and Theil & Finizza (1971) \doi{110.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795}. - -\code{\link{white}} Computes the aspatial Correlation Ratio (\emph{V}) based on Bell (1954) \doi{10.2307/2574118} and White (1986) \doi{10.2307/3644339}. - \code{\link{white_blau}} Computes an index of spatial proximity (\emph{SP}) based on White (1986) \doi{10.2307/3644339} \url{} and Blau (1977; ISBN-13:978-0-029-03660-0). \strong{Additional Indices of Socioeconomic Disparity} @@ -78,7 +88,7 @@ Key content of the 'ndi' package include:\cr \code{\link{DCtracts2020}} A sample dataset containing information about U.S. Census American Community Survey 5-year estimate data for the District of Columbia census tracts (2020). The data are obtained from the \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} function and formatted for the \code{\link{messer}} and \code{\link{powell_wiley}} functions input. } \section{Dependencies}{ - The 'ndi' package relies heavily upon \code{\link{tidycensus}} to retrieve data from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey five-year estimates and the \code{\link{psych}} for computing the neighborhood deprivation indices. The \code{\link{messer}} function builds upon code developed by Hruska et al. (2022) \doi{10.17605/OSF.IO/M2SAV} by fictionalizing, adding the percent of households earning <$30,000 per year to the \emph{NDI} computation, and providing the option for computing the ACS-5 2006-2010 \emph{NDI} values. There is no code companion to compute \emph{NDI} included in Andrews et al. (2020) \doi{10.1080/17445647.2020.1750066} or Slotman et al. (2022) \doi{10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002}, but the package author worked directly with the Slotman et al. (2022) \doi{10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002} authors to replicate their SAS code in \strong{R}. The indices of racial or ethnic residential segregation rely heavily on the \code{\link{sf}} and \code{\link{tigris}} packages to assign the smaller geographical units within larger geographical units and, occasionally, perform geospatial projection for distance-based metrics. The computation of \emph{RI} and \emph{EI} also relies on the \code{\link{Matrix}} package to compute the geospatial adjacency matrix between census geographies. Internal function to calculate \emph{AI} using the Hölder mean is based on \code{\link[DescTools]{Atkinson}} function. + The 'ndi' package relies heavily upon \code{\link[tidycensus]{tidycensus}} to retrieve data from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey five-year estimates and the \code{\link[psych]{psych}} for computing the neighborhood deprivation indices. The \code{\link{messer}} function builds upon code developed by Hruska et al. (2022) \doi{10.17605/OSF.IO/M2SAV} by fictionalizing, adding the percent of households earning <$30,000 per year to the \emph{NDI} computation, and providing the option for computing the ACS-5 2006-2010 \emph{NDI} values. There is no code companion to compute \emph{NDI} included in Andrews et al. (2020) \doi{10.1080/17445647.2020.1750066} or Slotman et al. (2022) \doi{10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002}, but the package author worked directly with the Slotman et al. (2022) \doi{10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002} authors to replicate their SAS code in \strong{R}. The indices of racial or ethnic residential segregation rely heavily on the \code{\link[sf]{sf}} and \code{\link[tigris]{tigris}} packages to assign the smaller geographical units within larger geographical units and, occasionally, perform geospatial projection for distance-based metrics. The computation of \emph{RI} and \emph{EI} also relies on the \code{\link[Matrix]{Matrix}} package to compute the geospatial adjacency matrix between census geographies. Internal function to calculate \emph{AI} using the Hölder mean is based on \code{\link[DescTools]{Atkinson}} function. } \seealso{ diff --git a/man/powell_wiley.Rd b/man/powell_wiley.Rd index ab6bdbd..7393a21 100644 --- a/man/powell_wiley.Rd +++ b/man/powell_wiley.Rd @@ -85,7 +85,14 @@ powell_wiley(df = DCtracts2020[ , -c(3:10)]) } +} +\references{ +Andrews, MA, Tomura, K, Claudel, SE, Xu, S, Ceasar, JN, Collins, BS, Langerman, S, Mitchell, VM, Baumer, Y, & Powell-Wiley TM (2022) Geospatial Analysis of Neighborhood Deprivation Index (NDI) for the United States by County. \emph{Journal of Maps}, 16(1):101-112. \doi{10.1080/17445647.2020.1750066} + +Slotman, BA, Stinchcomb, DG, Powell-Wiley, TM, Ostendorf, DM, Saelens, BE, Gorin, AA, Zenk, SN, & Berrigan, D (2022) Environmental Data and Methods from the Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict Obesity Treatment (ADOPT) Core Measures Environmental Working Group. \emph{Data in Brief}, 41:108002. \doi{10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic referent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Neighborhood Deprivation Index: \code{\link{messer}} } diff --git a/man/sudano.Rd b/man/sudano.Rd index 9b07e82..557ba2a 100644 --- a/man/sudano.Rd +++ b/man/sudano.Rd @@ -91,7 +91,16 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Merton, RK (1938) Social Structure and Anomie. \emph{American Sociological Review}, 3(5):672-682. \doi{10.2307/2084686} + +Sudano, JJ, Perzynski, A, Wong, DW, Colabianchi, N, Litaker, D (2013) Neighborhood Racial Residential Segregation and Changes in Health or Death Among Older Adults. \emph{Health & Place}, 19:80-88. \doi{10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.09.015} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other one-group evenness indices: \code{\link{atkinson}}, \code{\link{gini}}, \code{\link{james_taeuber}}, \code{\link{theil}} + +Between groups dissimilarity indices: \code{\link{duncan}} } diff --git a/man/theil.Rd b/man/theil.Rd index ebc3b12..a9e11df 100644 --- a/man/theil.Rd +++ b/man/theil.Rd @@ -93,7 +93,18 @@ Note: The computation differs from Massey & Denton (1988) \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.2 } +} +\references{ +Theil, H (1972) \emph{Statistical decomposition analysis: with applications in the social and administrative}. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company. ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6 + +Theil, H, & Finizza, AJ (1971) A Note on the Measurement of Racial Integration of Schools by Means of Informational Concepts. \emph{Journal of Mathematical Sociology}, 1:187-194. \doi{10.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795} + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other one-group evenness indices: \code{\link{atkinson}}, \code{\link{gini}}, \code{\link{james_taeuber}}, \code{\link{sudano}} + +Between groups dissimilarity indices: \code{\link{duncan}} } diff --git a/man/white.Rd b/man/white.Rd index 60c7f1e..5f687d2 100644 --- a/man/white.Rd +++ b/man/white.Rd @@ -91,7 +91,18 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +Bell, W (1954) A probability model for the measurement of ecological segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 32(4):357-364. \doi{10.2307/2574118} + +White, MJ (1986) Segregation and Diversity Measures in Population Distribution. \emph{Population Index}, 52(2):198-221. \doi{10.2307/3644339} + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other isolation indices: \code{\link{anthopolos}}, \code{\link{bemanian_beyer}}, \code{\link{lieberson}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}} + +Interaction indices: \code{\link{bell}}, \code{\link{morgan_denton}} } diff --git a/man/white_blau.Rd b/man/white_blau.Rd index 2e4e20e..69b5c64 100644 --- a/man/white_blau.Rd +++ b/man/white_blau.Rd @@ -100,7 +100,20 @@ Larger geographical units available include states \code{geo_large = 'state'}, c } +} +\references{ +White, MJ (1986) Segregation and Diversity Measures in Population Distribution. \emph{Population Index}, 52(2):198-221. \doi{10.2307/3644339} + +Blau, PM (1977) \emph{Inequality and Heterogeneity: A Primitive Theory of Social Structure}. Free Press. ISBN-13:978-0-029-03660-0 + +Massey, DS, & Denton, NA (1988) The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. \emph{Social Forces}, 67(1):281-315. \doi{10.1093/sf/67.2.281} } \seealso{ \code{\link[tidycensus]{get_acs}} for additional arguments for geographic extent selection (i.e., \code{state} and \code{county}). + +Other proximity measures: \code{\link{morgan_denton}}, \code{\link{morgan_massey}} + +Relative Clustering: \code{\link{denton}} + +Absolute Clustering: \code{\link{massey}} } diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-anthopolos.R b/tests/testthat/test-anthopolos.R index 41ba7ac..5e08afd 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-anthopolos.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-anthopolos.R @@ -6,63 +6,77 @@ context('anthopolos') test_that('anthopolos throws error with invalid arguments', { # Unavailable geography - expect_error(anthopolos( - geo = 'zcta', - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + anthopolos( + geo = 'zcta', + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(anthopolos( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + anthopolos( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable subgroup - expect_error(anthopolos( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'terran', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + anthopolos( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'terran', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(anthopolos( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + anthopolos( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) test_that('anthopolos works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_output(anthopolos( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') - )) + expect_output( + anthopolos( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') + ) + ) - expect_silent(anthopolos( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + anthopolos( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(anthopolos( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + anthopolos( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-atkinson.R b/tests/testthat/test-atkinson.R index 8b23d65..58aded1 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-atkinson.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-atkinson.R @@ -6,13 +6,15 @@ context('atkinson') test_that('atkinson throws error with invalid arguments', { # Unavailable geography - expect_error(atkinson( - geo_small = 'zcta', - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + atkinson( + geo_small = 'zcta', + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) expect_error( atkinson( geo_large = 'block group', @@ -24,70 +26,86 @@ test_that('atkinson throws error with invalid arguments', { ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(atkinson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + atkinson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable subgroup - expect_error(atkinson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'terran', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + atkinson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'terran', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Incorrect epsilon - expect_error(atkinson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - epsilon = 2, - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + atkinson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + epsilon = 2, + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(atkinson( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + atkinson( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) test_that('atkinson works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(atkinson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') - )) + expect_silent( + atkinson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') + ) + ) - expect_silent(atkinson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - holder = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + atkinson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + holder = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(atkinson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + atkinson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(atkinson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'MedHHInc', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + atkinson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'MedHHInc', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-bell.R b/tests/testthat/test-bell.R index f7bc18f..467aebd 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-bell.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-bell.R @@ -28,67 +28,81 @@ test_that('bell throws error with invalid arguments', { ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(bell( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + bell( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable subgroup - expect_error(bell( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'terran', - subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', - quiet = TRUE - )) - expect_error(bell( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - subgroup_ixn = 'terran', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + bell( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'terran', + subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) + expect_error( + bell( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + subgroup_ixn = 'terran', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(bell( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + bell( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) test_that('bell works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(bell( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ixn = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') - )) + expect_silent( + bell( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ixn = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') + ) + ) - expect_silent(bell( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + bell( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(bell( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ixn = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + bell( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ixn = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-bemanian_beyer.R b/tests/testthat/test-bemanian_beyer.R index 2cd0509..9ed046a 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-bemanian_beyer.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-bemanian_beyer.R @@ -76,12 +76,14 @@ test_that('bemanian_beyer throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('bemanian_beyer works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_warning(bemanian_beyer( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ixn = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') - )) + expect_warning( + bemanian_beyer( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ixn = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') + ) + ) expect_warning( bemanian_beyer( @@ -93,12 +95,14 @@ test_that('bemanian_beyer works', { ) ) - expect_warning(bemanian_beyer( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ixn = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_warning( + bemanian_beyer( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ixn = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-bravo.R b/tests/testthat/test-bravo.R index 60efbe0..da95cc2 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-bravo.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-bravo.R @@ -6,63 +6,77 @@ context('bravo') test_that('bravo throws error with invalid arguments', { # Unavailable geography - expect_error(bravo( - geo = 'zcta', - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'LtHS', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + bravo( + geo = 'zcta', + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'LtHS', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(bravo( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - subgroup = 'LtHS', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + bravo( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + subgroup = 'LtHS', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable subgroup - expect_error(bravo( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'terran', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + bravo( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'terran', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(bravo( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'LtHS', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + bravo( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'LtHS', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) test_that('bravo works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_output(bravo( - state = 'DC', - year = 2009, - subgroup = c('LtHS', 'HSGiE') - )) + expect_output( + bravo( + state = 'DC', + year = 2009, + subgroup = c('LtHS', 'HSGiE') + ) + ) - expect_silent(bravo( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'LtHS', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + bravo( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'LtHS', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(bravo( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('LtHS', 'HSGiE'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + bravo( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('LtHS', 'HSGiE'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-denton.R b/tests/testthat/test-denton.R index f34d5a1..5ecde3d 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-denton.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-denton.R @@ -76,12 +76,14 @@ test_that('denton throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('denton works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(denton( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') - )) + expect_silent( + denton( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') + ) + ) expect_silent( denton( @@ -93,12 +95,14 @@ test_that('denton works', { ) ) - expect_silent(denton( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + denton( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-denton_cuzzort.R b/tests/testthat/test-denton_cuzzort.R index d15ffda..9b93c3d 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-denton_cuzzort.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-denton_cuzzort.R @@ -76,12 +76,14 @@ test_that('denton_cuzzort throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('denton_cuzzort works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(denton_cuzzort( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') - )) + expect_silent( + denton_cuzzort( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') + ) + ) expect_silent( denton_cuzzort( @@ -93,12 +95,14 @@ test_that('denton_cuzzort works', { ) ) - expect_silent(denton_cuzzort( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + denton_cuzzort( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-duncan.R b/tests/testthat/test-duncan.R index da49e0e..048074a 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-duncan.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-duncan.R @@ -76,12 +76,14 @@ test_that('duncan throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('duncan works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(duncan( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') - )) + expect_silent( + duncan( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') + ) + ) expect_silent( duncan( @@ -93,12 +95,14 @@ test_that('duncan works', { ) ) - expect_silent(duncan( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + duncan( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-duncan_cuzzort.R b/tests/testthat/test-duncan_cuzzort.R index 22ba66e..bbce71a 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-duncan_cuzzort.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-duncan_cuzzort.R @@ -62,11 +62,13 @@ test_that('duncan_cuzzort throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('duncan_cuzzort works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(duncan_cuzzort( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - )) + expect_silent( + duncan_cuzzort( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + ) + ) expect_silent( duncan_cuzzort( @@ -77,11 +79,13 @@ test_that('duncan_cuzzort works', { ) ) - expect_silent(duncan_cuzzort( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + duncan_cuzzort( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-duncan_duncan.R b/tests/testthat/test-duncan_duncan.R index 0db0e80..84f1209 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-duncan_duncan.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-duncan_duncan.R @@ -76,12 +76,14 @@ test_that('duncan_duncan throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('duncan_duncan works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(duncan_duncan( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') - )) + expect_silent( + duncan_duncan( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') + ) + ) expect_silent( duncan_duncan( @@ -93,12 +95,14 @@ test_that('duncan_duncan works', { ) ) - expect_silent(duncan_duncan( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + duncan_duncan( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-gini.R b/tests/testthat/test-gini.R index d580d55..bbafad2 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-gini.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-gini.R @@ -6,13 +6,15 @@ context('gini') test_that('gini throws error with invalid arguments', { # Unavailable geography - expect_error(gini( - geo_small = 'zcta', - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + gini( + geo_small = 'zcta', + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) expect_error( gini( geo_large = 'block group', @@ -24,20 +26,24 @@ test_that('gini throws error with invalid arguments', { ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(gini( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + gini( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable subgroup - expect_error(gini( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'terran', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + gini( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'terran', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') @@ -54,24 +60,30 @@ test_that('gini throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('gini works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_message(gini( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') - )) + expect_message( + gini( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') + ) + ) - expect_silent(gini( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + gini( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(gini( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + gini( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-hoover.R b/tests/testthat/test-hoover.R index 994f7d2..0912fff 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-hoover.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-hoover.R @@ -6,13 +6,15 @@ context('hoover') test_that('hoover throws error with invalid arguments', { # Unavailable geography - expect_error(hoover( - geo_small = 'zcta', - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + hoover( + geo_small = 'zcta', + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) expect_error( hoover( geo_large = 'block group', @@ -24,54 +26,66 @@ test_that('hoover throws error with invalid arguments', { ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(hoover( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + hoover( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable subgroup - expect_error(hoover( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'terran', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + hoover( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'terran', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(hoover( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + hoover( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) test_that('hoover works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(hoover( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') - )) + expect_silent( + hoover( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') + ) + ) - expect_silent(hoover( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + hoover( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(hoover( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + hoover( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-james_taeuber.R b/tests/testthat/test-james_taeuber.R index 82a61d8..836e407 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-james_taeuber.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-james_taeuber.R @@ -62,11 +62,13 @@ test_that('james_taeuber throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('james_taeuber works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(james_taeuber( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - )) + expect_silent( + james_taeuber( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + ) + ) expect_silent( james_taeuber( @@ -77,11 +79,13 @@ test_that('james_taeuber works', { ) ) - expect_silent(james_taeuber( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + james_taeuber( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-krieger.R b/tests/testthat/test-krieger.R index 5d20b63..5d94271 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-krieger.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-krieger.R @@ -6,40 +6,53 @@ context('krieger') test_that(' throws error with invalid arguments', { # Unavailable geography - expect_error(krieger( - geo = 'zcta', - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + krieger( + geo = 'zcta', + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(krieger( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + krieger( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(krieger( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + krieger( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) test_that('krieger works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(krieger(state = 'DC', year = 2020)) + expect_silent( + krieger( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020 + ) + ) - expect_silent(krieger( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + krieger( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-lieberson.R b/tests/testthat/test-lieberson.R index 207feea..78c8010 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-lieberson.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-lieberson.R @@ -26,54 +26,66 @@ test_that('lieberson throws error with invalid arguments', { ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(lieberson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + lieberson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable subgroup - expect_error(lieberson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'terran', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + lieberson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'terran', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(lieberson( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + lieberson( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) test_that('lieberson works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(lieberson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') - )) + expect_silent( + lieberson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') + ) + ) - expect_silent(lieberson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + lieberson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(lieberson( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + lieberson( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-massey.R b/tests/testthat/test-massey.R index 2f93db3..60d5dce 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-massey.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-massey.R @@ -62,11 +62,13 @@ test_that('massey throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('massey works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(massey( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - )) + expect_silent( + massey( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + ) + ) expect_silent( massey( @@ -77,11 +79,13 @@ test_that('massey works', { ) ) - expect_silent(massey( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + massey( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-massey_duncan.R b/tests/testthat/test-massey_duncan.R index 6f85169..679f565 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-massey_duncan.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-massey_duncan.R @@ -62,11 +62,13 @@ test_that('massey_duncan throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('massey_duncan works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(massey_duncan( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - )) + expect_silent( + massey_duncan( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + ) + ) expect_silent( massey_duncan( @@ -77,11 +79,13 @@ test_that('massey_duncan works', { ) ) - expect_silent(massey_duncan( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + massey_duncan( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-messer.R b/tests/testthat/test-messer.R index 698100a..938b48e 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-messer.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-messer.R @@ -9,36 +9,44 @@ test_that('messer throws error with invalid arguments', { expect_error(messer(df = c('a', 'b', 'c'))) # Unavailable geography - expect_error(messer( + expect_error( + messer( geo = 'zcta', state = 'DC', year = 2020, quiet = TRUE - )) + ) + ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(messer( + expect_error( + messer( state = 'DC', year = 2005, quiet = TRUE - )) + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(messer( + expect_error( + messer( state = 'AB', year = 2020, quiet = TRUE - )) + ) + ) # Unavailable geography for DC (only 1 'county' in DC so, alone, NDI cannot be computed) - expect_error(messer( + expect_error( + messer( geo = 'county', state = 'DC', year = 2009, quiet = TRUE - )) + ) + ) }) @@ -47,31 +55,44 @@ test_that('messer works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_message(messer(state = 'DC', year = 2020)) + expect_message( + messer( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020 + ) + ) - expect_message(messer( + expect_message( + messer( state = 'DC', year = 2020, round_output = TRUE - )) + ) + ) - expect_message(messer( + expect_message( + messer( state = 'DC', year = 2020, imp = TRUE - )) + ) + ) - expect_silent(messer( + expect_silent( + messer( state = 'DC', year = 2020, quiet = TRUE - )) + ) + ) - expect_silent(messer( + expect_silent( + messer( state = 'DC', year = 2020, imp = TRUE, quiet = TRUE - )) + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-morgan_denton.R b/tests/testthat/test-morgan_denton.R index 9553d24..582a609 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-morgan_denton.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-morgan_denton.R @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ test_that('morgan_denton throws error with invalid arguments', { state = 'DC', year = 2020, subgroup = 'NHoLB', + subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', quiet = TRUE ) ) @@ -21,59 +22,87 @@ test_that('morgan_denton throws error with invalid arguments', { state = 'DC', year = 2020, subgroup = 'NHoLB', + subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', quiet = TRUE ) ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(morgan_denton( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + morgan_denton( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable subgroup - expect_error(morgan_denton( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'terran', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + morgan_denton( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'terran', + subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) + expect_error( + morgan_denton( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + subgroup_ixn = 'terran', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(morgan_denton( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + morgan_denton( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) test_that('morgan_denton works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(morgan_denton( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') - )) + expect_silent( + morgan_denton( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ixn = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') + ) + ) - expect_silent(morgan_denton( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + morgan_denton( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + subgroup_ixn = 'NHoLW', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(morgan_denton( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + morgan_denton( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ixn = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-powell_wiley.R b/tests/testthat/test-powell_wiley.R index 97f509f..fd78392 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-powell_wiley.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-powell_wiley.R @@ -9,36 +9,44 @@ test_that('powell_wiley throws error with invalid arguments', { expect_error(powell_wiley(df = c('a', 'b', 'c'))) # Unavailable geography - expect_error(powell_wiley( - geo = 'zcta', - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + powell_wiley( + geo = 'zcta', + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(powell_wiley( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + powell_wiley( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(powell_wiley( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + powell_wiley( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable geography for DC (only 1 'county' in DC so, alone, NDI cannot be computed) - expect_error(powell_wiley( - geo = 'county', - state = 'DC', - year = 2009, - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + powell_wiley( + geo = 'county', + state = 'DC', + year = 2009, + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) @@ -47,31 +55,44 @@ test_that('powell_wiley works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_message(powell_wiley(state = 'DC', year = 2020)) + expect_message( + powell_wiley( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020 + ) + ) - expect_message(powell_wiley( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - round_output = TRUE - )) + expect_message( + powell_wiley( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + round_output = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_message(powell_wiley( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - imp = TRUE - )) + expect_message( + powell_wiley( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + imp = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(powell_wiley( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + powell_wiley( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(powell_wiley( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - imp = TRUE, - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + powell_wiley( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + imp = TRUE, + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-sudano.R b/tests/testthat/test-sudano.R index c929055..1a21420 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-sudano.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-sudano.R @@ -6,13 +6,15 @@ context('sudano') test_that('sudano throws error with invalid arguments', { # Unavailable geography - expect_error(sudano( - geo_small = 'zcta', - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + sudano( + geo_small = 'zcta', + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) expect_error( sudano( geo_large = 'block group', @@ -32,46 +34,56 @@ test_that('sudano throws error with invalid arguments', { )) # Unavailable subgroup - expect_error(sudano( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'terran', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + sudano( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'terran', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(sudano( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + sudano( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) test_that('sudano works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(sudano( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') - )) + expect_silent( + sudano( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') + ) + ) - expect_silent(sudano( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + sudano( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(sudano( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + sudano( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-theil.R b/tests/testthat/test-theil.R index bdb1ac8..1a01934 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-theil.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-theil.R @@ -62,11 +62,13 @@ test_that('theil throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('theil works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(theil( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - )) + expect_silent( + theil( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + ) + ) expect_silent( theil( @@ -77,11 +79,13 @@ test_that('theil works', { ) ) - expect_silent(theil( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + theil( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-white.R b/tests/testthat/test-white.R index 0e85449..807920f 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-white.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-white.R @@ -6,13 +6,15 @@ context('white') test_that('white throws error with invalid arguments', { # Unavailable geography - expect_error(white( - geo_small = 'zcta', - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + white( + geo_small = 'zcta', + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) expect_error( white( geo_large = 'block group', @@ -24,54 +26,66 @@ test_that('white throws error with invalid arguments', { ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(white( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + white( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable subgroup - expect_error(white( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'terran', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + white( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'terran', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(white( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + white( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) test_that('white works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(white( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') - )) + expect_silent( + white( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') + ) + ) - expect_silent(white( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + white( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(white( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + white( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-white_blau.R b/tests/testthat/test-white_blau.R index 3561fbd..03b54e8 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test-white_blau.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test-white_blau.R @@ -76,12 +76,14 @@ test_that('white_blau throws error with invalid arguments', { test_that('white_blau works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(white_blau( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') - )) + expect_silent( + white_blau( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW') + ) + ) expect_silent( white_blau( @@ -93,12 +95,14 @@ test_that('white_blau works', { ) ) - expect_silent(white_blau( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + white_blau( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + subgroup_ref = c('NHoLW', 'HoLW'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/tests/testthat/test_morgan_massey.R b/tests/testthat/test_morgan_massey.R index 87d5672..bcb412d 100644 --- a/tests/testthat/test_morgan_massey.R +++ b/tests/testthat/test_morgan_massey.R @@ -26,54 +26,66 @@ test_that('morgan_massey throws error with invalid arguments', { ) # Unavailable year - expect_error(morgan_massey( - state = 'DC', - year = 2005, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + morgan_massey( + state = 'DC', + year = 2005, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) # Unavailable subgroup - expect_error(morgan_massey( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'terran', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + morgan_massey( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'terran', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') # Incorrect state - expect_error(morgan_massey( - state = 'AB', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_error( + morgan_massey( + state = 'AB', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) test_that('morgan_massey works', { skip_if(Sys.getenv('CENSUS_API_KEY') == '') - expect_silent(morgan_massey( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') - )) + expect_silent( + morgan_massey( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB') + ) + ) - expect_silent(morgan_massey( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = 'NHoLB', - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + morgan_massey( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = 'NHoLB', + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) - expect_silent(morgan_massey( - state = 'DC', - year = 2020, - subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), - quiet = TRUE - )) + expect_silent( + morgan_massey( + state = 'DC', + year = 2020, + subgroup = c('NHoLB', 'HoLB'), + quiet = TRUE + ) + ) }) diff --git a/vignettes/ndi2.Rmd b/vignettes/ndi2.Rmd index 63da1a1..9ff9f92 100644 --- a/vignettes/ndi2.Rmd +++ b/vignettes/ndi2.Rmd @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ The [*ndi*](https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ndi) package can use data from th #### Compute Dissimilarity Index (*D*) -Compute the racial or ethnic *D* values (2006-2010 5-year ACS) for census tracts within counties of Pennsylvania. This metric is based on [James & Taeuber (1985)](https://doi.org/10.2307/270845). *D* is a measure of the evenness of racial or ethnic residential segregation when comparing smaller geographical areas to larger ones within which the smaller geographical areas are located. *D* can range in value from 0 to 1 and represents the proportion of racial or ethnic subgroup members that would have to change their area of residence to achieve an even distribution within the larger geographical area under conditions of maximum segregation. +Compute the racial or ethnic *D* values (2006-2010 5-year ACS) for census tracts within counties of Pennsylvania. This metric is based on [James & Taeuber (1985)](https://doi.org/10.2307/270845). *D* is a measure of the evenness of racial or ethnic residential segregation when comparing smaller geographical units to larger ones within which the smaller geographical units are located. *D* can range in value from 0 to 1 and represents the proportion of racial or ethnic subgroup members that would have to change their area of residence to achieve an even distribution within the larger geographical area under conditions of maximum segregation. ```{r james_taeuber_prep, results = 'hide'} james_taeuber2010PA <- james_taeuber( @@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ ggplot() + #### The racial or ethnic Gini Index (*G*) -Compute the racial or ethnic Gini Index (*G*) values (2006-2010 5-year ACS) for census tracts within counties of Massachusetts. This metric is based on [Gini (1921)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2223319). *G* is a measure of the evenness of racial or ethnic residential populations when comparing smaller geographical areas to larger ones within which the smaller geographical areas are located. *G* can range in value from 0 to 1 and the mean absolute difference between a selected subgroup proportions weighted across all pairs of geographic units, expressed as a proportion of the maximum weighted difference. +Compute the racial or ethnic Gini Index (*G*) values (2006-2010 5-year ACS) for census tracts within counties of Massachusetts. This metric is based on [Gini (1921)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2223319). *G* is a measure of the evenness of racial or ethnic residential populations when comparing smaller geographical units to larger ones within which the smaller geographical units are located. *G* can range in value from 0 to 1 and the mean absolute difference between a selected subgroup proportions weighted across all pairs of geographic units, expressed as a proportion of the maximum weighted difference. ```{r g_re_prep, results = 'hide'} gini2010MA <- gini( @@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ ggplot() + #### Compute Entropy (*H*) -Compute racial or ethnic *H* (2010-2014 5-year ACS) for census tracts within metropolitan divisions of Pennsylvania. This metric is based on Theil (1972; ISBN:978-0-444-10378-9) and [Theil & Finizza (1971)](https://doi.org/110.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795). *H* is a measure of the evenness of racial or ethnic residential segregation when comparing smaller geographical areas to larger ones within which the smaller geographical areas are located. *H* can range in value from 0 to 1 and represents the (weighted) average deviation of each smaller geographical unit from the larger geographical unit's "entropy" or racial and ethnic diversity, which is greatest when each group is equally represented in the larger geographical unit. *H* varies between 0, when all smaller geographical units have the same racial or ethnic composition as the larger geographical area (i.e., maximum integration), to a high of 1, when all smaller geographical units contain one group only (maximum segregation). +Compute racial or ethnic *H* (2010-2014 5-year ACS) for census tracts within metropolitan divisions of Pennsylvania. This metric is based on Theil (1972; ISBN:978-0-444-10378-9) and [Theil & Finizza (1971)](https://doi.org/110.1080/0022250X.1971.9989795). *H* is a measure of the evenness of racial or ethnic residential segregation when comparing smaller geographical units to larger ones within which the smaller geographical units are located. *H* can range in value from 0 to 1 and represents the (weighted) average deviation of each smaller geographical unit from the larger geographical unit's "entropy" or racial and ethnic diversity, which is greatest when each group is equally represented in the larger geographical unit. *H* varies between 0, when all smaller geographical units have the same racial or ethnic composition as the larger geographical area (i.e., maximum integration), to a high of 1, when all smaller geographical units contain one group only (maximum segregation). ```{r theil_prep, results = 'hide'} theil2014PA <- theil( @@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ ggplot() + #### Compute Atkinson Index (*A*) -Compute the racial or ethnic *A* values (2017-2021 5-year ACS) for census block groups within counties of Kentucky. This metric is based on [Atkinson (1970)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2088328) that assessed the distribution of income within 12 counties but has since been adapted to study racial or ethnic segregation (see [James & Taeuber 1985](https://doi.org/10.2307/270845)). *A* is a measure of the inequality and, in the context of residential race or ethnicity, segregation when comparing smaller geographical areas to larger ones within which the smaller geographical areas are located. *A* can range in value from 0 to 1 and smaller values of the index indicate lower levels of inequality (e.g., less segregation). +Compute the racial or ethnic *A* values (2017-2021 5-year ACS) for census block groups within counties of Kentucky. This metric is based on [Atkinson (1970)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2088328) that assessed the distribution of income within 12 counties but has since been adapted to study racial or ethnic segregation (see [James & Taeuber 1985](https://doi.org/10.2307/270845)). *A* is a measure of the inequality and, in the context of residential race or ethnicity, segregation when comparing smaller geographical units to larger ones within which the smaller geographical units are located. *A* can range in value from 0 to 1 and smaller values of the index indicate lower levels of inequality (e.g., less segregation). *A* is sensitive to the choice of `epsilon` argument or the shape parameter that determines how to weight the increments to inequality (segregation) contributed by different proportions of the Lorenz curve. A user must explicitly decide how heavily to weight smaller geographical units at different points on the Lorenz curve (i.e., whether the index should take greater account of differences among areas of over- or under-representation). The `epsilon` argument must have values between 0 and 1.0. For `0 <= epsilon < 0.5` or less 'inequality-averse,' smaller geographical units with a subgroup proportion smaller than the subgroup proportion of the larger geographical unit contribute more to inequality ('over-representation'). For `0.5 < epsilon <= 1.0` or more 'inequality-averse,' smaller geographical units with a subgroup proportion larger than the subgroup proportion of the larger geographical unit contribute more to inequality ('under-representation'). If `epsilon = 0.5` (the default), units of over- and under-representation contribute equally to the index. See Section 2.3 of [Saint-Jacques et al. (2020)](https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2002.05819) for one method to select `epsilon`. We choose `epsilon = 0.67` in the example below: @@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ ggplot() + #### Compute Dissimilarity Index (*D*) -Compute the racial or ethnic *D* values (2006-2010 5-year ACS) for census tracts with counties of Pennsylvania. This metric is based on [Duncan & Duncan (1955a)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2088328) that assessed the racial or ethnic isolation of students that identify as non-Hispanic or Latino, Black or African American alone compared to students that identify as non-Hispanic or Latino, white alone between schools and school districts. *D* is a measure of the evenness of racial or ethnic residential segregation when comparing smaller geographical areas to larger ones within which the smaller geographical areas are located. *D* can range in value from 0 to 1 and represents the proportion of racial or ethnic subgroup members that would have to change their area of residence to achieve an even distribution within the larger geographical area under conditions of maximum segregation. +Compute the racial or ethnic *D* values (2006-2010 5-year ACS) for census tracts with counties of Pennsylvania. This metric is based on [Duncan & Duncan (1955a)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2088328) that assessed the racial or ethnic isolation of students that identify as non-Hispanic or Latino, Black or African American alone compared to students that identify as non-Hispanic or Latino, white alone between schools and school districts. *D* is a measure of the evenness of racial or ethnic residential segregation when comparing smaller geographical units to larger ones within which the smaller geographical units are located. *D* can range in value from 0 to 1 and represents the proportion of racial or ethnic subgroup members that would have to change their area of residence to achieve an even distribution within the larger geographical area under conditions of maximum segregation. ```{r duncan_prep, results = 'hide'} duncan2010PA <- duncan( @@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ ggplot() + #### Compute Interaction Index (_xPy\*_) -Compute the racial or ethnic _xPy\*_ values (2017-2021 5-year ACS) for census tracts within counties of Ohio. This metric is based on Shevky & Williams (1949; ISBN-13:978-0-837-15637-8) and adapted by [Bell (1954)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2574118). _xPy\*_ is some measure of the probability that a member of one subgroup(s) will meet or interact with a member of another subgroup(s) with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less isolation) when comparing smaller geographical areas to larger ones within which the smaller geographical areas are located. _xPy\*_ can range in value from 0 to 1. +Compute the racial or ethnic _xPy\*_ values (2017-2021 5-year ACS) for census tracts within counties of Ohio. This metric is based on Shevky & Williams (1949; ISBN-13:978-0-837-15637-8) and adapted by [Bell (1954)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2574118). _xPy\*_ is some measure of the probability that a member of one subgroup(s) will meet or interact with a member of another subgroup(s) with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less isolation) when comparing smaller geographical units to larger ones within which the smaller geographical units are located. _xPy\*_ can range in value from 0 to 1. ```{r bell_prep, results = 'hide'} bell2021OH <- bell( @@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ ggplot() + #### Compute Isolation Index (_xPx\*_) -Compute the racial or ethnic _xPx\*_ values (2015-2019 5-year ACS) for census block groups within census tracts of Delaware. This metric is based on [Bell (1954)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2574118) and adapted by Lieberson (1981; ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6). _xPx\*_ is some measure of the probability that a member of one subgroup(s) will meet or interact with a member of another subgroup(s) with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less isolation) when comparing smaller geographical areas to larger ones within which the smaller geographical areas are located. _xPx\*_ can range in value from 0 to 1 with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less isolation). +Compute the racial or ethnic _xPx\*_ values (2015-2019 5-year ACS) for census block groups within census tracts of Delaware. This metric is based on [Bell (1954)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2574118) and adapted by Lieberson (1981; ISBN-13:978-1-032-53884-6). _xPx\*_ is some measure of the probability that a member of one subgroup(s) will meet or interact with a member of another subgroup(s) with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less isolation) when comparing smaller geographical units to larger ones within which the smaller geographical units are located. _xPx\*_ can range in value from 0 to 1 with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less isolation). ```{r lieberson_prep, results = 'hide'} lieberson2021DE <- lieberson( @@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ ggplot() + #### Compute Correlation Ratio (*V*) -Compute the racial or ethnic *V* values (2017-2021 5-year ACS) for census tracts within counties of South Carolina. This metric is based on [Bell (1954)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2574118) and adapted by [White (1986)](https://doi.org/10.2307/3644339). *V* removes the asymmetry from the Isolation Index by controlling for the effect of population composition when comparing smaller geographical areas to larger ones within which the smaller geographical areas are located. The Isolation Index is some measure of the probability that a member of one subgroup(s) will meet or interact with a member of another subgroup(s) with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less isolation). *V* can range in value from 0 to Inf. +Compute the racial or ethnic *V* values (2017-2021 5-year ACS) for census tracts within counties of South Carolina. This metric is based on [Bell (1954)](https://doi.org/10.2307/2574118) and adapted by [White (1986)](https://doi.org/10.2307/3644339). *V* removes the asymmetry from the Isolation Index by controlling for the effect of population composition when comparing smaller geographical units to larger ones within which the smaller geographical units are located. The Isolation Index is some measure of the probability that a member of one subgroup(s) will meet or interact with a member of another subgroup(s) with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less isolation). *V* can range in value from 0 to Inf. ```{r white_prep, results = 'hide'} white2021SC <- white( @@ -1016,7 +1016,7 @@ ggplot() + #### Compute an index of spatial proximity (*SP*) -Compute an index of spatial proximity (2010-2014 5-year ACS) for census tracts within combined statistical areas of Georgia. This metric is based on [White (1986)](https://doi.org/10.2307/3644339) and Blau (1977; ISBN-13:978-0-029-03660-0) that designed the metric to identify racial or ethnic enclaves. *SP* is a measure of clustering of racial or ethnic populations within smaller geographical areas that are located within larger geographical areas. *SP* can range in value from 0 to Inf and represents the degree to which an area is a racial or ethnic enclave. A value of 1 indicates there is no differential clustering between subgroup and referent group members. A value greater than 1 indicates subgroup members live nearer to one another than to referent subgroup members. A value less than 1 indicates subgroup live nearer to and referent subgroup members than to their own subgroup members. +Compute an index of spatial proximity (2010-2014 5-year ACS) for census tracts within combined statistical areas of Georgia. This metric is based on [White (1986)](https://doi.org/10.2307/3644339) and Blau (1977; ISBN-13:978-0-029-03660-0) that designed the metric to identify racial or ethnic enclaves. *SP* is a measure of clustering of racial or ethnic populations within smaller geographical units that are located within larger geographical units. *SP* can range in value from 0 to Inf and represents the degree to which an area is a racial or ethnic enclave. A value of 1 indicates there is no differential clustering between subgroup and referent group members. A value greater than 1 indicates subgroup members live nearer to one another than to referent subgroup members. A value less than 1 indicates subgroup live nearer to and referent subgroup members than to their own subgroup members. ```{r white_blau_prep, results = 'hide'} whiteblau2014GA <- white_blau( @@ -1028,7 +1028,7 @@ whiteblau2014GA <- white_blau( subgroup_ref = 'NHoLW' ) -# Obtain the 2014 Combined Statistical Areas from the 'tigris' package +# Obtain the 2014 combined statistical areas from the 'tigris' package csa2014 <- combined_statistical_areas(year = 2014, cb = TRUE) # Obtain the 2014 state from the 'tigris' package state2014 <- states(year = 2014, cb = TRUE) diff --git a/vignettes/ndi2.html b/vignettes/ndi2.html index 6ab9122..7e60f77 100644 --- a/vignettes/ndi2.html +++ b/vignettes/ndi2.html @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ - + 2. Racial or Ethnic Residential Segregation Indices @@ -341,7 +341,7 @@

2. Racial or Ethnic Residential Segregation Indices

Ian D. Buller (GitHub: @idblr)

-

2024-09-02

+

2025-05-30

@@ -578,8 +578,8 @@

Compute Dissimilarity Index (D)

for census tracts within counties of Pennsylvania. This metric is based on James & Taeuber (1985). D is a measure of the evenness of racial or ethnic -residential segregation when comparing smaller geographical areas to -larger ones within which the smaller geographical areas are located. +residential segregation when comparing smaller geographical units to +larger ones within which the smaller geographical units are located. D can range in value from 0 to 1 and represents the proportion of racial or ethnic subgroup members that would have to change their area of residence to achieve an even distribution within the larger @@ -621,7 +621,7 @@

Compute Dissimilarity Index (D)

'Dissimilarity Index (James & Taeuber)\nCensus tracts within counties of Pennsylvania', subtitle = 'Black population' ) -

+

The racial or ethnic Gini Index (G)

@@ -629,8 +629,8 @@

The racial or ethnic Gini Index (G)

(2006-2010 5-year ACS) for census tracts within counties of Massachusetts. This metric is based on Gini (1921). G is a measure of the evenness of racial or ethnic residential populations when -comparing smaller geographical areas to larger ones within which the -smaller geographical areas are located. G can range in value +comparing smaller geographical units to larger ones within which the +smaller geographical units are located. G can range in value from 0 to 1 and the mean absolute difference between a selected subgroup proportions weighted across all pairs of geographic units, expressed as a proportion of the maximum weighted difference.

@@ -681,8 +681,8 @@

Compute Entropy (H)

tracts within metropolitan divisions of Pennsylvania. This metric is based on Theil (1972; ISBN:978-0-444-10378-9) and Theil & Finizza (1971). H is a measure of the evenness of racial or -ethnic residential segregation when comparing smaller geographical areas -to larger ones within which the smaller geographical areas are located. +ethnic residential segregation when comparing smaller geographical units +to larger ones within which the smaller geographical units are located. H can range in value from 0 to 1 and represents the (weighted) average deviation of each smaller geographical unit from the larger geographical unit’s “entropy” or racial and ethnic diversity, which is @@ -742,8 +742,8 @@

Compute Atkinson Index (A)

since been adapted to study racial or ethnic segregation (see James & Taeuber 1985). A is a measure of the inequality and, in the context of residential race or ethnicity, segregation when comparing smaller -geographical areas to larger ones within which the smaller geographical -areas are located. A can range in value from 0 to 1 and smaller +geographical units to larger ones within which the smaller geographical +units are located. A can range in value from 0 to 1 and smaller values of the index indicate lower levels of inequality (e.g., less segregation).

A is sensitive to the choice of epsilon @@ -802,7 +802,7 @@

Compute Atkinson Index (A)

'Atkinson Index (Atkinson)\nCensus block groups within counties of Kentucky', subtitle = expression(paste('Black non-Hispanic (', epsilon, ' = 0.67)')) )
-

+

Compute Dissimilarity Index (D)

@@ -814,8 +814,8 @@

Compute Dissimilarity Index (D)

compared to students that identify as non-Hispanic or Latino, white alone between schools and school districts. D is a measure of the evenness of racial or ethnic residential segregation when comparing -smaller geographical areas to larger ones within which the smaller -geographical areas are located. D can range in value from 0 to +smaller geographical units to larger ones within which the smaller +geographical units are located. D can range in value from 0 to 1 and represents the proportion of racial or ethnic subgroup members that would have to change their area of residence to achieve an even distribution within the larger geographical area under conditions of @@ -858,7 +858,7 @@

Compute Dissimilarity Index (D)

'Dissimilarity Index (Duncan & Duncan)\nCensus tracts within counties of Pennsylvania', subtitle = 'Black non-Hispanic vs. white non-Hispanic' )
-

+

Compute Location Quotient (LQ)

@@ -923,8 +923,8 @@

Compute Interaction Index (xPy*)

is some measure of the probability that a member of one subgroup(s) will meet or interact with a member of another subgroup(s) with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less isolation) when -comparing smaller geographical areas to larger ones within which the -smaller geographical areas are located. xPy* can range in value +comparing smaller geographical units to larger ones within which the +smaller geographical units are located. xPy* can range in value from 0 to 1.

bell2021OH <- bell(
   geo_large = 'county',
@@ -962,7 +962,7 @@ 
Compute Interaction Index (xPy*)

     'Interaction Index (Bell)\nCensus tracts within counties of Ohio',
     subtitle = 'Black non-Hispanic vs. white non-Hispanic'
   )
-

+

Compute Isolation Index (xPx*)

@@ -973,8 +973,8 @@

Compute Isolation Index (xPx*)

xPx* is some measure of the probability that a member of one subgroup(s) will meet or interact with a member of another subgroup(s) with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less -isolation) when comparing smaller geographical areas to larger ones -within which the smaller geographical areas are located. xPx* +isolation) when comparing smaller geographical units to larger ones +within which the smaller geographical units are located. xPx* can range in value from 0 to 1 with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less isolation).

lieberson2021DE <- lieberson(
@@ -1012,7 +1012,7 @@ 
Compute Isolation Index (xPx*)

     'Isolation Index (Lieberson)\nCensus block groups within census tracts of Delaware',
     subtitle = 'Black non-Hispanic'
   )
-

+

Compute Correlation Ratio (V)

@@ -1022,8 +1022,8 @@

Compute Correlation Ratio (V)

adapted by White (1986). V removes the asymmetry from the Isolation Index by controlling for the effect of population composition when comparing smaller -geographical areas to larger ones within which the smaller geographical -areas are located. The Isolation Index is some measure of the +geographical units to larger ones within which the smaller geographical +units are located. The Isolation Index is some measure of the probability that a member of one subgroup(s) will meet or interact with a member of another subgroup(s) with higher values signifying higher probability of interaction (less isolation). V can range in @@ -1063,7 +1063,7 @@

Compute Correlation Ratio (V)

'Correlation Ratio (White)\nCensus tracts within counties of South Carolina', subtitle = 'Black non-Hispanic' )
-

+

Compute Local Exposure and Isolation (LEx/Is)

@@ -1131,7 +1131,7 @@

Compute Local Exposure and Isolation (LEx/Is)

'Local Exposure and Isolation (Bemanian & Beyer)\nCounties within state of Mississippi', subtitle = 'Black non-Hispanic vs. white non-Hispanic' )
-

+

# Visualize the exponentiated LEx/Is values (2017-2021 5-year ACS) for Counties within state of Mississippi
 ggplot() +
   geom_sf(
@@ -1153,7 +1153,7 @@ 
Compute Local Exposure and Isolation (LEx/Is)

     'Odds ratio of Local Exposure and Isolation (Bemanian & Beyer)\nCounties within state of Mississippi',
     subtitle = 'Black non-Hispanic vs. white non-Hispanic'
   )
-

+

Compute Racial Isolation Index (RI)

@@ -1372,7 +1372,7 @@

Compute Relative Concentration (RCO)

'Relative Concentration (Massey & Duncan)\nCensus tracts within core-based statistical areas of Wisconsin', subtitle = 'Black non-Hispanic vs. white non-Hispanic' )
-

+

Compute Absolute Concentration (ACO)

@@ -1429,7 +1429,7 @@

Compute Absolute Concentration (ACO)

'Absolute Concentration (Massey & Duncan)\nCensus tracts within core-based statistical areas of Wisconsin', subtitle = 'Black population' )
-

+

Compute Absolute Centralization (ACE)

@@ -1639,7 +1639,7 @@

Compute Absolute Clustering (ACL)

'Absolute Clustering (Massey & Denton)\nCensus block groups within census tracts of Harris County, TX', subtitle = 'Black population' )
-

+

Compute an index of spatial proximity (SP)

@@ -1649,7 +1649,7 @@

Compute an index of spatial proximity (SP)

and Blau (1977; ISBN-13:978-0-029-03660-0) that designed the metric to identify racial or ethnic enclaves. SP is a measure of clustering of racial or ethnic populations within smaller geographical -areas that are located within larger geographical areas. SP can +units that are located within larger geographical units. SP can range in value from 0 to Inf and represents the degree to which an area is a racial or ethnic enclave. A value of 1 indicates there is no differential clustering between subgroup and referent group members. A @@ -1666,7 +1666,7 @@

Compute an index of spatial proximity (SP)

subgroup_ref = 'NHoLW' ) -# Obtain the 2014 Combined Statistical Areas from the 'tigris' package +# Obtain the 2014 combined statistical areas from the 'tigris' package csa2014 <- combined_statistical_areas(year = 2014, cb = TRUE) # Obtain the 2014 state from the 'tigris' package state2014 <- states(year = 2014, cb = TRUE) @@ -1765,7 +1765,7 @@

Compute Relative Clustering (RCL)

'Relative Clustering (Massey & Denton)\nCensus block groups within census tracts of Harris County, TX', subtitle = 'Black non-Hispanic vs. white non-Hispanic' )
-

+

Compute Distance-Decay Isolation Index (DPxy*)

@@ -1895,29 +1895,28 @@

Compute Distance-Decay Isolation Index (DPxx*)

## [1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base ## ## other attached packages: -## [1] tigris_2.1 tidycensus_1.6.5 sf_1.0-16 ndi_0.1.6.9014 -## [5] ggplot2_3.5.1 dplyr_1.1.4 knitr_1.48 +## [1] tigris_2.2.1 tidycensus_1.7.1 sf_1.0-21 ndi_0.1.6.9015 +## [5] ggplot2_3.5.2 dplyr_1.1.4 knitr_1.48 ## ## loaded via a namespace (and not attached): -## [1] gtable_0.3.5 xfun_0.47 bslib_0.8.0 psych_2.4.6.26 -## [5] lattice_0.22-6 tzdb_0.4.0 Cairo_1.6-2 vctrs_0.6.5 -## [9] tools_4.4.1 generics_0.1.3 curl_5.2.2 parallel_4.4.1 -## [13] tibble_3.2.1 proxy_0.4-27 fansi_1.0.6 highr_0.11 -## [17] pkgconfig_2.0.3 Matrix_1.7-0 KernSmooth_2.23-24 uuid_1.2-1 -## [21] lifecycle_1.0.4 farver_2.1.2 compiler_4.4.1 stringr_1.5.1 -## [25] munsell_0.5.1 mnormt_2.1.1 carData_3.0-5 htmltools_0.5.8.1 -## [29] class_7.3-22 sass_0.4.9 yaml_2.3.10 pillar_1.9.0 -## [33] car_3.1-2 crayon_1.5.3 jquerylib_0.1.4 tidyr_1.3.1 -## [37] MASS_7.3-61 classInt_0.4-10 cachem_1.1.0 wk_0.9.2 -## [41] abind_1.4-5 nlme_3.1-166 tidyselect_1.2.1 rvest_1.0.4 -## [45] digest_0.6.36 stringi_1.8.4 purrr_1.0.2 labeling_0.4.3 -## [49] fastmap_1.2.0 grid_4.4.1 colorspace_2.1-1 cli_3.6.3 -## [53] magrittr_2.0.3 utf8_1.2.4 e1071_1.7-14 readr_2.1.5 -## [57] withr_3.0.1 scales_1.3.0 rappdirs_0.3.3 rmarkdown_2.28 -## [61] httr_1.4.7 hms_1.1.3 evaluate_0.24.0 viridisLite_0.4.2 -## [65] s2_1.1.7 rlang_1.1.4 Rcpp_1.0.13 glue_1.7.0 -## [69] DBI_1.2.3 xml2_1.3.6 rstudioapi_0.16.0 jsonlite_1.8.8 -## [73] R6_2.5.1 units_0.8-5 +## [1] gtable_0.3.6 xfun_0.47 bslib_0.8.0 psych_2.5.3 +## [5] lattice_0.22-6 tzdb_0.5.0 Cairo_1.6-2 vctrs_0.6.5 +## [9] tools_4.4.1 generics_0.1.4 curl_6.2.3 parallel_4.4.1 +## [13] tibble_3.2.1 proxy_0.4-27 highr_0.11 pkgconfig_2.0.3 +## [17] Matrix_1.7-0 KernSmooth_2.23-24 RColorBrewer_1.1-3 uuid_1.2-1 +## [21] lifecycle_1.0.4 compiler_4.4.1 farver_2.1.2 stringr_1.5.1 +## [25] mnormt_2.1.1 carData_3.0-5 htmltools_0.5.8.1 class_7.3-22 +## [29] sass_0.4.9 yaml_2.3.10 Formula_1.2-5 pillar_1.10.2 +## [33] car_3.1-3 crayon_1.5.3 jquerylib_0.1.4 tidyr_1.3.1 +## [37] MASS_7.3-61 classInt_0.4-11 cachem_1.1.0 wk_0.9.4 +## [41] abind_1.4-8 nlme_3.1-166 tidyselect_1.2.1 rvest_1.0.4 +## [45] digest_0.6.36 stringi_1.8.7 purrr_1.0.4 labeling_0.4.3 +## [49] fastmap_1.2.0 grid_4.4.1 cli_3.6.5 magrittr_2.0.3 +## [53] e1071_1.7-16 readr_2.1.5 withr_3.0.2 scales_1.4.0 +## [57] rappdirs_0.3.3 rmarkdown_2.28 httr_1.4.7 hms_1.1.3 +## [61] evaluate_0.24.0 viridisLite_0.4.2 s2_1.1.9 rlang_1.1.6 +## [65] Rcpp_1.0.14 glue_1.8.0 DBI_1.2.3 xml2_1.3.8 +## [69] rstudioapi_0.16.0 jsonlite_2.0.0 R6_2.6.1 units_0.8-7