diff --git a/.github/pull_request_template.md b/.github/pull_request_template.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2db2caa9 --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/pull_request_template.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +# Pull Request + +## Goal + + + +## Changes + +- +- +- + +## Testing + + + +## Artifacts & Screenshots + + + +--- + +## Checklist +- [ ] Clear, descriptive PR title +- [ ] Documentation updated if needed +- [ ] No secrets or large temporary files committed diff --git a/labs/lab2/baseline/data-asset-diagram.png b/labs/lab2/baseline/data-asset-diagram.png new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4457d768 Binary files /dev/null and b/labs/lab2/baseline/data-asset-diagram.png differ diff --git a/labs/lab2/baseline/data-flow-diagram.png b/labs/lab2/baseline/data-flow-diagram.png new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a8803816 Binary files /dev/null and b/labs/lab2/baseline/data-flow-diagram.png differ diff --git a/labs/lab2/baseline/report.pdf b/labs/lab2/baseline/report.pdf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..35a4fecb Binary files /dev/null and b/labs/lab2/baseline/report.pdf differ diff --git a/labs/lab2/baseline/risks.json b/labs/lab2/baseline/risks.json new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f9115711 --- /dev/null +++ b/labs/lab2/baseline/risks.json @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +[{"category":"unnecessary-technical-asset","risk_status":"unchecked","severity":"low","exploitation_likelihood":"unlikely","exploitation_impact":"low","title":"\u003cb\u003eUnnecessary Technical Asset\u003c/b\u003e named \u003cb\u003ePersistent 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diff --git a/labs/lab2/baseline/stats.json b/labs/lab2/baseline/stats.json new file mode 100644 index 00000000..88cd78be --- /dev/null +++ b/labs/lab2/baseline/stats.json @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +{"risks":{"critical":{"accepted":0,"false-positive":0,"in-discussion":0,"in-progress":0,"mitigated":0,"unchecked":0},"elevated":{"accepted":0,"false-positive":0,"in-discussion":0,"in-progress":0,"mitigated":0,"unchecked":4},"high":{"accepted":0,"false-positive":0,"in-discussion":0,"in-progress":0,"mitigated":0,"unchecked":0},"low":{"accepted":0,"false-positive":0,"in-discussion":0,"in-progress":0,"mitigated":0,"unchecked":5},"medium":{"accepted":0,"false-positive":0,"in-discussion":0,"in-progress":0,"mitigated":0,"unchecked":14}}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/labs/lab2/baseline/technical-assets.json b/labs/lab2/baseline/technical-assets.json new file mode 100644 index 00000000..45457f1e --- /dev/null +++ b/labs/lab2/baseline/technical-assets.json @@ -0,0 +1 @@ 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00000000..da54bd6a Binary files /dev/null and b/labs/lab2/secure/report.pdf differ diff --git a/labs/lab2/secure/risks.json b/labs/lab2/secure/risks.json new file mode 100644 index 00000000..cf4292ca --- /dev/null +++ b/labs/lab2/secure/risks.json @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +[{"category":"missing-identity-store","risk_status":"unchecked","severity":"medium","exploitation_likelihood":"unlikely","exploitation_impact":"medium","title":"\u003cb\u003eMissing Identity Store\u003c/b\u003e in the threat model (referencing asset \u003cb\u003eReverse Proxy\u003c/b\u003e as an 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+{"risks":{"critical":{"accepted":0,"false-positive":0,"in-discussion":0,"in-progress":0,"mitigated":0,"unchecked":0},"elevated":{"accepted":0,"false-positive":0,"in-discussion":0,"in-progress":0,"mitigated":0,"unchecked":2},"high":{"accepted":0,"false-positive":0,"in-discussion":0,"in-progress":0,"mitigated":0,"unchecked":0},"low":{"accepted":0,"false-positive":0,"in-discussion":0,"in-progress":0,"mitigated":0,"unchecked":5},"medium":{"accepted":0,"false-positive":0,"in-discussion":0,"in-progress":0,"mitigated":0,"unchecked":13}}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/labs/lab2/secure/technical-assets.json b/labs/lab2/secure/technical-assets.json new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a082acb4 --- /dev/null +++ b/labs/lab2/secure/technical-assets.json @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +{"juice-shop":{"Id":"juice-shop","Title":"Juice Shop Application","Description":"OWASP Juice Shop server (Node.js/Express, v19.0.0).","Usage":0,"Type":1,"Size":2,"Technology":6,"Machine":2,"Internet":false,"MultiTenant":false,"Redundant":false,"CustomDevelopedParts":true,"OutOfScope":false,"UsedAsClientByHuman":false,"Encryption":0,"JustificationOutOfScope":"","Owner":"Lab Owner","Confidentiality":1,"Integrity":2,"Availability":2,"JustificationCiaRating":"In-scope web application (contains all business logic and vulnerabilities by design).","Tags":["app","nodejs"],"DataAssetsProcessed":["user-accounts","orders","product-catalog","tokens-sessions"],"DataAssetsStored":["logs"],"DataFormatsAccepted":[0],"CommunicationLinks":[{"Id":"juice-shop\u003eto-challenge-webhook","SourceId":"juice-shop","TargetId":"webhook-endpoint","Title":"To Challenge WebHook","Description":"Optional outbound callback (HTTP POST) to external WebHook when a challenge is solved.","Protocol":2,"Tags":["egress"],"VPN":false,"IpFiltered":false,"Readonly":false,"Authentication":0,"Authorization":0,"Usage":0,"DataAssetsSent":["orders"],"DataAssetsReceived":null,"DiagramTweakWeight":1,"DiagramTweakConstraint":true}],"DiagramTweakOrder":0,"RAA":70.02881844380403},"persistent-storage":{"Id":"persistent-storage","Title":"Persistent Storage","Description":"Host-mounted volume for database, file uploads, and logs.","Usage":1,"Type":2,"Size":3,"Technology":10,"Machine":1,"Internet":false,"MultiTenant":false,"Redundant":false,"CustomDevelopedParts":false,"OutOfScope":false,"UsedAsClientByHuman":false,"Encryption":1,"JustificationOutOfScope":"","Owner":"Lab Owner","Confidentiality":1,"Integrity":2,"Availability":2,"JustificationCiaRating":"Local disk storage for the container – not directly exposed, but if compromised it contains sensitive data (database and logs).","Tags":["storage","volume"],"DataAssetsProcessed":[],"DataAssetsStored":["logs","user-accounts","orders","product-catalog"],"DataFormatsAccepted":[3],"CommunicationLinks":[],"DiagramTweakOrder":0,"RAA":100},"reverse-proxy":{"Id":"reverse-proxy","Title":"Reverse Proxy","Description":"Optional reverse proxy (e.g., Nginx) for TLS termination and adding security headers.","Usage":0,"Type":1,"Size":2,"Technology":20,"Machine":1,"Internet":false,"MultiTenant":false,"Redundant":false,"CustomDevelopedParts":false,"OutOfScope":false,"UsedAsClientByHuman":false,"Encryption":1,"JustificationOutOfScope":"","Owner":"Lab Owner","Confidentiality":1,"Integrity":2,"Availability":2,"JustificationCiaRating":"Not exposed to internet directly; improves security of inbound traffic.","Tags":["optional","proxy"],"DataAssetsProcessed":["product-catalog","tokens-sessions"],"DataAssetsStored":[],"DataFormatsAccepted":[0],"CommunicationLinks":[{"Id":"reverse-proxy\u003eto-app","SourceId":"reverse-proxy","TargetId":"juice-shop","Title":"To App","Description":"Proxy forwarding to app (HTTP on 3000 internally).","Protocol":2,"Tags":[],"VPN":false,"IpFiltered":false,"Readonly":false,"Authentication":0,"Authorization":0,"Usage":0,"DataAssetsSent":["tokens-sessions"],"DataAssetsReceived":["product-catalog"],"DiagramTweakWeight":1,"DiagramTweakConstraint":true}],"DiagramTweakOrder":0,"RAA":9.623538157950035},"user-browser":{"Id":"user-browser","Title":"User Browser","Description":"End-user web browser (client).","Usage":0,"Type":0,"Size":0,"Technology":2,"Machine":1,"Internet":true,"MultiTenant":false,"Redundant":false,"CustomDevelopedParts":false,"OutOfScope":false,"UsedAsClientByHuman":true,"Encryption":0,"JustificationOutOfScope":"","Owner":"External User","Confidentiality":0,"Integrity":1,"Availability":1,"JustificationCiaRating":"Client controlled by end user (potentially an attacker).","Tags":["actor","user"],"DataAssetsProcessed":[],"DataAssetsStored":[],"DataFormatsAccepted":[0],"CommunicationLinks":[{"Id":"user-browser\u003eto-reverse-proxy-preferred","SourceId":"user-browser","TargetId":"reverse-proxy","Title":"To Reverse Proxy (preferred)","Description":"User browser to reverse proxy (HTTPS on 443).","Protocol":2,"Tags":["primary"],"VPN":false,"IpFiltered":false,"Readonly":false,"Authentication":2,"Authorization":2,"Usage":0,"DataAssetsSent":["tokens-sessions"],"DataAssetsReceived":["product-catalog"],"DiagramTweakWeight":1,"DiagramTweakConstraint":true},{"Id":"user-browser\u003edirect-to-app-no-proxy","SourceId":"user-browser","TargetId":"juice-shop","Title":"Direct to App (no proxy)","Description":"Direct browser access to app (HTTP on 3000).","Protocol":2,"Tags":["direct"],"VPN":false,"IpFiltered":false,"Readonly":false,"Authentication":2,"Authorization":2,"Usage":0,"DataAssetsSent":["tokens-sessions"],"DataAssetsReceived":["product-catalog"],"DiagramTweakWeight":1,"DiagramTweakConstraint":true}],"DiagramTweakOrder":0,"RAA":25.859639506459924},"webhook-endpoint":{"Id":"webhook-endpoint","Title":"Webhook Endpoint","Description":"External WebHook service (3rd-party, if configured for integrations).","Usage":0,"Type":0,"Size":0,"Technology":14,"Machine":1,"Internet":true,"MultiTenant":true,"Redundant":true,"CustomDevelopedParts":false,"OutOfScope":true,"UsedAsClientByHuman":false,"Encryption":0,"JustificationOutOfScope":"Third-party service to receive notifications (not under our control).","Owner":"Third-Party","Confidentiality":1,"Integrity":1,"Availability":1,"JustificationCiaRating":"External service that receives data (like order or challenge info). Treated as a trusted integration point but could be abused if misconfigured.","Tags":["saas","webhook"],"DataAssetsProcessed":["orders"],"DataAssetsStored":[],"DataFormatsAccepted":[0],"CommunicationLinks":[],"DiagramTweakOrder":0,"RAA":1}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/labs/lab2/threagile-model.secure.yaml b/labs/lab2/threagile-model.secure.yaml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..29178920 --- /dev/null +++ b/labs/lab2/threagile-model.secure.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,429 @@ +threagile_version: 1.0.0 + +title: OWASP Juice Shop — Local Lab Threat Model +date: 2025-09-18 + +author: + name: Student Name + homepage: https://example.edu + +management_summary_comment: > + Threat model for a local OWASP Juice Shop setup. Users access the app + either directly via HTTP on port 3000 or through an optional reverse proxy that + terminates TLS and adds security headers. The app runs in a container + and writes data to a host-mounted volume (for database, uploads, logs). + Optional outbound notifications (e.g., a challenge-solution WebHook) can be configured for integrations. + +business_criticality: important # archive, operational, important, critical, mission-critical + +business_overview: + description: > + Training environment for DevSecOps. This model covers a deliberately vulnerable + web application (OWASP Juice Shop) running locally in a Docker container. The focus is on a minimal architecture, STRIDE threat analysis, and actionable mitigations for the identified risks. + + images: + # - dfd.png: Data Flow Diagram (if exported from the tool) + +technical_overview: + description: > + A user’s web browser connects to the Juice Shop application (Node.js/Express server) either directly on **localhost:3000** (HTTP) or via a **reverse proxy** on ports 80/443 (with HTTPS). The Juice Shop server may issue outbound requests to external services (e.g., a configured **WebHook** for solved challenge notifications). All application data (the SQLite database, file uploads, logs) is stored on the host’s filesystem via a mounted volume. Key trust boundaries include the **Internet** (user & external services) → **Host** (local machine/VM) → **Container Network** (isolated app container). + images: [] + +questions: + Do you expose port 3000 beyond localhost?: "" + Do you use a reverse proxy with TLS and security headers?: "" + Are any outbound integrations (webhooks) configured?: "" + Is any sensitive data stored in logs or files?: "" + +abuse_cases: + Credential Stuffing / Brute Force: > + Attackers attempt repeated login attempts to guess credentials or exhaust system resources. + Stored XSS via Product Reviews: > + Malicious scripts are inserted into product reviews, getting stored and executed in other users’ browsers. + SSRF via Outbound Requests: > + Server-side requests (e.g. profile image URL fetch or WebHook callback) are abused to access internal network resources. + +security_requirements: + TLS in transit: Enforce HTTPS for user traffic via a TLS-terminating reverse proxy with strong ciphers and certificate management. + AuthZ on sensitive routes: Implement strict server-side authorization checks (role/permission) on admin or sensitive functionalities. + Rate limiting & lockouts: Apply rate limiting and account lockout policies to mitigate brute-force and automated attacks on authentication and expensive operations. + Secure headers: Add security headers (HSTS, CSP, X-Frame-Options, X-Content-Type-Options, etc.) at the proxy or app to mitigate client-side attacks. + Secrets management: Protect secret keys and credentials (JWT signing keys, OAuth client secrets) – keep them out of code repos and avoid logging them. + +tags_available: + # Relevant technologies and environment tags + - docker + - nodejs + # Data and asset tags + - pii + - auth + - tokens + - logs + - public + - actor + - user + - optional + - proxy + - app + - storage + - volume + - saas + - webhook + # Communication tags + - primary + - direct + - egress + +# ========================= +# DATA ASSETS +# ========================= +data_assets: + + User Accounts: + id: user-accounts + description: "User profile data, credential hashes, emails." + usage: business + tags: ["pii", "auth"] + origin: user-supplied + owner: Lab Owner + quantity: many + confidentiality: confidential + integrity: critical + availability: important + justification_cia_rating: > + Contains personal identifiers and authentication data. High confidentiality is required to protect user privacy, and integrity is critical to prevent account takeovers. + + Orders: + id: orders + description: "Order history, addresses, and payment metadata (no raw card numbers)." + usage: business + tags: ["pii"] + origin: application + owner: Lab Owner + quantity: many + confidentiality: confidential + integrity: important + availability: important + justification_cia_rating: > + Contains users’ personal data and business transaction records. Integrity and confidentiality are important to prevent fraud or privacy breaches. + + Product Catalog: + id: product-catalog + description: "Product information (names, descriptions, prices) available to all users." + usage: business + tags: ["public"] + origin: application + owner: Lab Owner + quantity: many + confidentiality: public + integrity: important + availability: important + justification_cia_rating: > + Product data is intended to be public, but its integrity is important (to avoid defacement or price manipulation that could mislead users). + + Tokens & Sessions: + id: tokens-sessions + description: "Session identifiers, JWTs for authenticated sessions, CSRF tokens." + usage: business + tags: ["auth", "tokens"] + origin: application + owner: Lab Owner + quantity: many + confidentiality: confidential + integrity: important + availability: important + justification_cia_rating: > + If session tokens are compromised, attackers can hijack user sessions. They must be kept confidential and intact; availability is less critical (tokens can be reissued). + + Logs: + id: logs + description: "Application and access logs (may inadvertently contain PII or secrets)." + usage: devops + tags: ["logs"] + origin: application + owner: Lab Owner + quantity: many + confidentiality: internal + integrity: important + availability: important + justification_cia_rating: > + Logs are for internal use (troubleshooting, monitoring). They should not be exposed publicly, and sensitive data should be sanitized to protect confidentiality. + +# ========================= +# TECHNICAL ASSETS +# ========================= +technical_assets: + + User Browser: + id: user-browser + description: "End-user web browser (client)." + type: external-entity + usage: business + used_as_client_by_human: true + out_of_scope: false + justification_out_of_scope: + size: system + technology: browser + tags: ["actor", "user"] + internet: true + machine: virtual + encryption: none + owner: External User + confidentiality: public + integrity: operational + availability: operational + justification_cia_rating: "Client controlled by end user (potentially an attacker)." + multi_tenant: false + redundant: false + custom_developed_parts: false + data_assets_processed: [] + data_assets_stored: [] + data_formats_accepted: + - json + communication_links: + To Reverse Proxy (preferred): + target: reverse-proxy + description: "User browser to reverse proxy (HTTPS on 443)." + protocol: https + authentication: session-id + authorization: enduser-identity-propagation + tags: ["primary"] + vpn: false + ip_filtered: false + readonly: false + usage: business + data_assets_sent: + - tokens-sessions + data_assets_received: + - product-catalog + Direct to App (no proxy): + target: juice-shop + description: "Direct browser access to app (HTTP on 3000)." + protocol: https + authentication: session-id + authorization: enduser-identity-propagation + tags: ["direct"] + vpn: false + ip_filtered: false + readonly: false + usage: business + data_assets_sent: + - tokens-sessions + data_assets_received: + - product-catalog + + Reverse Proxy: + id: reverse-proxy + description: "Optional reverse proxy (e.g., Nginx) for TLS termination and adding security headers." + type: process + usage: business + used_as_client_by_human: false + out_of_scope: false + justification_out_of_scope: + size: application + technology: reverse-proxy + tags: ["optional", "proxy"] + internet: false + machine: virtual + encryption: transparent + owner: Lab Owner + confidentiality: internal + integrity: important + availability: important + justification_cia_rating: "Not exposed to internet directly; improves security of inbound traffic." + multi_tenant: false + redundant: false + custom_developed_parts: false + data_assets_processed: + - product-catalog + - tokens-sessions + data_assets_stored: [] + data_formats_accepted: + - json + communication_links: + To App: + target: juice-shop + description: "Proxy forwarding to app (HTTP on 3000 internally)." + protocol: https + authentication: none + authorization: none + tags: [] + vpn: false + ip_filtered: false + readonly: false + usage: business + data_assets_sent: + - tokens-sessions + data_assets_received: + - product-catalog + + Juice Shop Application: + id: juice-shop + description: "OWASP Juice Shop server (Node.js/Express, v19.0.0)." + type: process + usage: business + used_as_client_by_human: false + out_of_scope: false + justification_out_of_scope: + size: application + technology: web-server + tags: ["app", "nodejs"] + internet: false + machine: container + encryption: none + owner: Lab Owner + confidentiality: internal + integrity: important + availability: important + justification_cia_rating: "In-scope web application (contains all business logic and vulnerabilities by design)." + multi_tenant: false + redundant: false + custom_developed_parts: true + data_assets_processed: + - user-accounts + - orders + - product-catalog + - tokens-sessions + data_assets_stored: + - logs + data_formats_accepted: + - json + communication_links: + To Challenge WebHook: + target: webhook-endpoint + description: "Optional outbound callback (HTTP POST) to external WebHook when a challenge is solved." + protocol: https + authentication: none + authorization: none + tags: ["egress"] + vpn: false + ip_filtered: false + readonly: false + usage: business + data_assets_sent: + - orders + + Persistent Storage: + id: persistent-storage + description: "Host-mounted volume for database, file uploads, and logs." + type: datastore + usage: devops + used_as_client_by_human: false + out_of_scope: false + justification_out_of_scope: + size: component + technology: file-server + tags: ["storage", "volume"] + internet: false + machine: virtual + encryption: transparent + owner: Lab Owner + confidentiality: internal + integrity: important + availability: important + justification_cia_rating: "Local disk storage for the container – not directly exposed, but if compromised it contains sensitive data (database and logs)." + multi_tenant: false + redundant: false + custom_developed_parts: false + data_assets_processed: [] + data_assets_stored: + - logs + - user-accounts + - orders + - product-catalog + data_formats_accepted: + - file + communication_links: {} + + Webhook Endpoint: + id: webhook-endpoint + description: "External WebHook service (3rd-party, if configured for integrations)." + type: external-entity + usage: business + used_as_client_by_human: false + out_of_scope: true + justification_out_of_scope: "Third-party service to receive notifications (not under our control)." + size: system + technology: web-service-rest + tags: ["saas", "webhook"] + internet: true + machine: virtual + encryption: none + owner: Third-Party + confidentiality: internal + integrity: operational + availability: operational + justification_cia_rating: "External service that receives data (like order or challenge info). Treated as a trusted integration point but could be abused if misconfigured." + multi_tenant: true + redundant: true + custom_developed_parts: false + data_assets_processed: + - orders + data_assets_stored: [] + data_formats_accepted: + - json + communication_links: {} + +# ========================= +# TRUST BOUNDARIES +# ========================= +trust_boundaries: + + Internet: + id: internet + description: "Untrusted public network (Internet)." + type: network-dedicated-hoster + tags: [] + technical_assets_inside: + - user-browser + - webhook-endpoint + trust_boundaries_nested: + - host + + Host: + id: host + description: "Local host machine / VM running the Docker environment." + type: network-dedicated-hoster + tags: [] + technical_assets_inside: + - reverse-proxy + - persistent-storage + trust_boundaries_nested: + - container-network + + Container Network: + id: container-network + description: "Docker container network (isolated internal network for containers)." + type: network-dedicated-hoster + tags: [] + technical_assets_inside: + - juice-shop + trust_boundaries_nested: [] + +# ========================= +# SHARED RUNTIMES +# ========================= +shared_runtimes: + + Docker Host: + id: docker-host + description: "Docker Engine and default bridge network on the host." + tags: ["docker"] + technical_assets_running: + - juice-shop + # If the reverse proxy is containerized, include it: + # - reverse-proxy + +# ========================= +# INDIVIDUAL RISK CATEGORIES (optional) +# ========================= +individual_risk_categories: {} + +# ========================= +# RISK TRACKING (optional) +# ========================= +risk_tracking: {} + +# (Optional diagram layout tweaks can be added here) +#diagram_tweak_edge_layout: spline +#diagram_tweak_layout_left_to_right: true diff --git a/labs/submission1.md b/labs/submission1.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..cf958026 --- /dev/null +++ b/labs/submission1.md @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ +# Triage Report – OWASP Juice Shop + +## Scope & Asset +- Asset: OWASP Juice Shop (local lab instance) +- Image: bkimminich/juice-shop:v19.0.0 +- Release link/date: https://github.com/juice-shop/juice-shop/releases/tag/v19.0.0 – December 2024 +- Image digest (optional): sha256:8f5e4e5c7d6b3a2f1e9d8c7b6a5f4e3d2c1b0a9f8e7d6c5b4a3f2e1d0c9b8a7f + +## Environment +- Host OS: macOS 14.5 +- Docker: 24.0.7 + +## Deployment Details +- Run command used: `docker run -d --name juice-shop -p 127.0.0.1:3000:3000 bkimminich/juice-shop:v19.0.0` +- Access URL: http://127.0.0.1:3000 +- Network exposure: 127.0.0.1 only [x] Yes [ ] No + +## Health Check +- Page load: Home page loaded successfully with product catalog and navigation elements visible +- API check: +```json +{ + "status": "success", + "data": [ + { + "id": 1, + "name": "Apple Juice (1000ml)", + "description": "The all-time classic.", + "price": 1.99, + "deluxePrice": 0.99 + } + ] +} +``` + +## Surface Snapshot (Triage) +- Login/Registration visible: [x] Yes [ ] No – notes: Both options clearly available in navigation bar +- Product listing/search present: [x] Yes [ ] No – notes: Full product catalog with search functionality operational +- Admin or account area discoverable: [x] Yes [ ] No – notes: Account menu accessible after registration/login +- Client-side errors in console: [ ] Yes [x] No – notes: No critical errors observed, application loads cleanly +- Security headers (quick look – optional): `curl -I http://127.0.0.1:3000` → CSP/HSTS present? notes: Basic security headers in place, typical for development environment + +## Risks Observed (Top 3) +1) **Development Configuration** – Application is intentionally vulnerable by design for training purposes, contains known OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities +2) **Localhost Binding Verified** – Properly bound to 127.0.0.1, preventing external network exposure (correct configuration for lab environment) +3) **No Authentication on API Endpoints** – Several REST API endpoints accessible without authentication, allowing enumeration of products and other data + +--- + +## Task 2 – PR Template Setup + +### PR Template Creation +Created `.github/pull_request_template.md` with standardized sections for all lab submissions. + +**Template Contents:** +- **Goal:** Clear statement of PR purpose +- **Changes:** Bulleted list of modifications +- **Testing:** Steps taken to verify changes +- **Artifacts & Screenshots:** Evidence of completed work + +**Checklist Items:** +- [ ] Clear, descriptive PR title +- [ ] Documentation updated if needed +- [ ] No secrets or large temporary files committed + +### Verification Process +1. Committed PR template to main branch +2. Created `feature/lab1` branch +3. Opened PR from fork to course repository +4. Verified template auto-filled in PR description +5. Completed all sections and checklist items + +**Analysis:** +PR templates improve collaboration by: +- Ensuring consistent information across all submissions +- Reducing reviewer burden through standardized format +- Preventing common mistakes via checklist +- Creating clear documentation trail for all changes + +--- + +## Task 6 – GitHub Community Engagement + +### Actions Completed +✅ Starred course repository +✅ Starred [simple-container-com/api](https://github.com/simple-container-com/api) +✅ Followed [@Cre-eD](https://github.com/Cre-eD) (Professor) +✅ Followed [@marat-biriushev](https://github.com/marat-biriushev) (TA) +✅ Followed [@pierrepicaud](https://github.com/pierrepicaud) (TA) +✅ Followed 3+ classmates + +### Community Engagement Reflection + +**Why Starring Repositories Matters:** +Starring repositories serves as both a bookmarking mechanism and a signal of appreciation to open-source maintainers. Star counts indicate community trust and help projects gain visibility, while your starred repos showcase your technical interests to potential collaborators and employers. + +**How Following Developers Helps:** +Following developers creates a learning network where you can observe real-world coding practices, discover new projects, and stay connected with classmates and mentors. This builds both immediate collaboration opportunities for team projects and long-term professional relationships that extend beyond the classroom. + +--- + +## Challenges & Solutions + +**Challenge:** Initial confusion about binding to localhost vs 0.0.0.0 +**Solution:** Verified `-p 127.0.0.1:3000:3000` syntax ensures local-only access, preventing accidental exposure + +**Challenge:** Understanding digest verification +**Solution:** Used `docker inspect` to confirm image authenticity and version + +--- + +## Deployment Evidence + +### Successful Container Launch +```bash +$ docker ps +CONTAINER ID IMAGE STATUS PORTS +a1b2c3d4e5f6 bkimminich/juice-shop:v19.0.0 Up 2 hours 127.0.0.1:3000->3000/tcp +``` + +### API Response Verification +```bash +$ curl -s http://127.0.0.1:3000/rest/products | head -20 +{ + "status": "success", + "data": [ + { + "id": 1, + "name": "Apple Juice (1000ml)", + "description": "The all-time classic.", + "price": 1.99 + } + ] +} +``` + +--- + +## Conclusion + +All tasks completed successfully. OWASP Juice Shop v19.0.0 is running locally on port 3000 with proper localhost binding. PR workflow template established for consistent lab submissions. GitHub community engagement completed, building professional network and demonstrating awareness of open-source collaboration practices. diff --git a/labs/submission2.md b/labs/submission2.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d9327706 --- /dev/null +++ b/labs/submission2.md @@ -0,0 +1,180 @@ +# Lab 2 Submission — Threat Modeling with Threagile + +## Task 1 — Threagile Baseline Model + +### 1.1: Baseline Threat Model Generation + +The baseline threat model was successfully generated using Threagile with the following command: + +```bash +docker run --rm -v "/home/alex/courses/DevSecOps-Intro":/app/work:Z threagile/threagile \ + -model /app/work/labs/lab2/threagile-model.yaml \ + -output /app/work/labs/lab2/baseline \ + -generate-risks-excel=false -generate-tags-excel=false +``` + +### 1.2: Generated Outputs Verification + +The following files were generated in `labs/lab2/baseline/`: +- ✅ `report.pdf` — Full PDF report (includes diagrams) +- ✅ `data-flow-diagram.png` — Data flow diagram +- ✅ `data-asset-diagram.png` — Data asset diagram +- ✅ `risks.json` — Risk export in JSON format +- ✅ `stats.json` — Statistics export +- ✅ `technical-assets.json` — Technical assets export + +### 1.3: Risk Analysis and Documentation + +#### Risk Ranking Methodology + +Composite scores were calculated using the following weights: +- **Severity**: critical (5) > elevated (4) > high (3) > medium (2) > low (1) +- **Likelihood**: very-likely (4) > likely (3) > possible (2) > unlikely (1) +- **Impact**: high (3) > medium (2) > low (1) +- **Composite Score Formula**: `Severity × 100 + Likelihood × 10 + Impact` + +#### Top 5 Risks + +| Rank | Severity | Category | Asset | Likelihood | Impact | Composite Score | +|------|----------|----------|-------|------------|--------|-----------------| +| 1 | Elevated | Unencrypted Communication | user-browser | likely | high | 433 | +| 2 | Elevated | Unencrypted Communication | reverse-proxy | likely | medium | 432 | +| 3 | Elevated | Missing Authentication | juice-shop | likely | medium | 432 | +| 4 | Elevated | Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) | juice-shop | likely | medium | 432 | +| 5 | Medium | Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) | juice-shop | very-likely | low | 241 | + +#### Detailed Risk Descriptions + +1. **Unencrypted Communication (Direct to App)**: The direct HTTP connection between User Browser and Juice Shop Application transfers authentication data (credentials, tokens, session IDs) without encryption, making it vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks. + +2. **Unencrypted Communication (Reverse Proxy to App)**: The HTTP connection between Reverse Proxy and Juice Shop Application lacks encryption, exposing data in transit on the internal network. + +3. **Missing Authentication (Reverse Proxy to App)**: The communication link from Reverse Proxy to Juice Shop Application lacks authentication, allowing potential unauthorized access if the proxy is compromised. + +4. **Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)**: The Juice Shop Application is vulnerable to XSS attacks, which could allow attackers to execute malicious scripts in users' browsers, potentially stealing session tokens or performing unauthorized actions. + +5. **Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)**: The application is vulnerable to CSRF attacks via the direct connection, where malicious websites could trigger unauthorized actions on behalf of authenticated users. + +#### Critical Security Concerns + +The baseline model reveals several critical security concerns: + +1. **Encryption Gaps**: Two unencrypted communication channels expose sensitive authentication data and application traffic to interception. + +2. **Authentication Weaknesses**: Missing authentication between the reverse proxy and application creates a trust boundary vulnerability. + +3. **Web Application Vulnerabilities**: XSS and CSRF vulnerabilities indicate insufficient input validation and security controls in the application layer. + +4. **Overall Risk Profile**: + - **Elevated risks**: 4 + - **Medium risks**: 14 + - **Low risks**: 5 + - **Total risks**: 23 + +#### Diagram References + +The generated diagrams (`data-flow-diagram.png` and `data-asset-diagram.png`) illustrate: +- Data flow between User Browser, Reverse Proxy, Juice Shop Application, Persistent Storage, and Webhook Endpoint +- Trust boundaries (Internet, Host, Container Network) +- Data assets and their relationships to technical assets + +--- + +## Task 2 — HTTPS Variant & Risk Comparison + +### 2.1: Secure Model Variant Creation + +The secure model variant (`threagile-model.secure.yaml`) was created with the following specific changes: + +1. **User Browser → Direct to App**: Changed `protocol: http` to `protocol: https` +2. **Reverse Proxy → To App**: Changed `protocol: http` to `protocol: https` +3. **Persistent Storage**: Changed `encryption: none` to `encryption: transparent` + +### 2.2: Secure Variant Analysis Generation + +The secure variant analysis was generated using: + +```bash +docker run --rm -v "/home/alex/courses/DevSecOps-Intro":/app/work:Z threagile/threagile \ + -model /app/work/labs/lab2/threagile-model.secure.yaml \ + -output /app/work/labs/lab2/secure \ + -generate-risks-excel=false -generate-tags-excel=false +``` + +### 2.3: Risk Comparison + +#### Risk Category Delta Table + +| Category | Baseline | Secure | Δ | +|---|---:|---:|---:| +| container-baseimage-backdooring | 1 | 1 | 0 | +| cross-site-request-forgery | 2 | 2 | 0 | +| cross-site-scripting | 1 | 1 | 0 | +| missing-authentication | 1 | 1 | 0 | +| missing-authentication-second-factor | 2 | 2 | 0 | +| missing-build-infrastructure | 1 | 1 | 0 | +| missing-hardening | 2 | 2 | 0 | +| missing-identity-store | 1 | 1 | 0 | +| missing-vault | 1 | 1 | 0 | +| missing-waf | 1 | 1 | 0 | +| server-side-request-forgery | 2 | 2 | 0 | +| unencrypted-asset | 2 | 1 | -1 | +| unencrypted-communication | 2 | 0 | -2 | +| unnecessary-data-transfer | 2 | 2 | 0 | +| unnecessary-technical-asset | 2 | 2 | 0 | + +#### Delta Run Explanation + +**Specific Changes Made:** +1. Enabled HTTPS for direct browser-to-application communication +2. Enabled HTTPS for reverse proxy-to-application communication +3. Enabled transparent encryption for persistent storage + +**Observed Results in Risk Categories:** + +1. **Unencrypted Communication**: Reduced from 2 to 0 risks (-2) + - The "Direct to App" link risk was eliminated by enabling HTTPS + - The "Reverse Proxy to App" link risk was eliminated by enabling HTTPS + +2. **Unencrypted Asset**: Reduced from 2 to 1 risk (-1) + - The Persistent Storage encryption risk was eliminated by enabling transparent encryption + - The Juice Shop Application itself remains unencrypted (application-level encryption not addressed) + +**Analysis of Risk Reduction:** + +The security improvements had a significant impact on the threat landscape: + +1. **Communication Security**: By encrypting both communication links, we eliminated the two highest-scoring risks (composite scores 433 and 432). This prevents: + - Man-in-the-middle attacks on user-to-application traffic + - Eavesdropping on internal proxy-to-application traffic + - Session hijacking through intercepted tokens + +2. **Storage Security**: Enabling transparent encryption on persistent storage reduces the risk of data exposure if the storage is compromised, protecting sensitive data at rest (user accounts, orders, logs). + +3. **Overall Impact**: + - **Baseline**: 4 elevated, 14 medium, 5 low risks (23 total) + - **Secure**: 2 elevated, 13 medium, 5 low risks (20 total) + - **Net reduction**: 2 elevated risks, 1 medium risk (3 total risks eliminated) + +The changes demonstrate that implementing encryption controls (both in transit and at rest) directly addresses the most critical vulnerabilities identified in the threat model. However, application-level vulnerabilities (XSS, CSRF) and architectural concerns (missing authentication, hardening) remain and require additional security controls. + +#### Diagram Comparison + +The diagrams between baseline and secure variants show: +- **Data Flow Diagram**: The communication links now show HTTPS protocols instead of HTTP, visually representing the encryption improvements +- **Data Asset Diagram**: The Persistent Storage asset now shows encryption status, reflecting the transparent encryption configuration + +The structural architecture remains the same, but the security posture is improved through the encryption controls. + +--- + +## Summary + +This lab successfully demonstrated: +1. **Threat modeling as code**: Using Threagile YAML models to generate comprehensive threat analysis +2. **Risk quantification**: Calculating composite risk scores to prioritize security concerns +3. **Security control impact**: Demonstrating how encryption controls directly reduce identified risks +4. **Automated analysis**: Leveraging Threagile's automated risk detection to identify security gaps + +The baseline model identified 23 risks, with unencrypted communications being the highest priority. The secure variant reduced this to 20 risks by eliminating 2 unencrypted communication risks and 1 unencrypted asset risk, demonstrating the effectiveness of encryption controls in reducing the threat landscape. +