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dictionary.py
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475 lines (282 loc) · 6.24 KB
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#####################################
# #
# #
# Python Dictionaries #
# #
#####################################
# Dictionaries = dict{}
# Dictionaries are used to store data values in key:value pairs...
# dict contains keys and values
dict = {
'name' : 'rock',
'age' : 19 ,
'code' : 'nothing'
}
print(dict)
# this will print the dict with keys and value
# {'name': 'rock', 'age': 19, 'code': 'nothing'}
# if we want a single value .. # we can call like this ...
dict = {
'name' : 'rock',
'age' : 19 ,
'code' : 'nothing'
}
print(dict['name'])
# the o/p will be as rock
# Dictionaries are changeable, meaning that we can change, add or remove items after the dictionary has been created.
# duplicates are not allowed here
# duplicate keys are not allowed
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964,
"year": 2020
}
print(thisdict)
# here the key year comes two times but it will only one value as the o/p..
# the o/p will be as {'brand': 'Ford', 'model': 'Mustang', 'year': 2020}
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964,
"year": 2020
}
print(len(thisdict))
# it will give the answer as 3 , becoz it didn't take duplicate keys
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964,
"year": 2020
}
print(thisdict)
print(type(thisdict))
# dict can accept value str , int , float bool
# accessing items
# get ()
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964,
"year": 2020
}
print(thisdict)
a = thisdict['model']
print(a)
# you can call this by a variable or u can call by this function get()
# for e.g.,
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964,
"year": 2020
}
print(thisdict)
a = thisdict.get('brand')
print(a)
# keys()
# The keys() method will return a list of all the keys in the dictionary.
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
print(thisdict)
x = thisdict.keys()
print(x)
# it will print o/p as the keys dict_keys(['brand', 'model', 'year'])
# for adding items
car = {
'name' : 'benz',
'speed' : '250 km/h',
'type' : 'racing',
'price' : '50M' ,
}
print(car)
# if we want to add a key and value
x = car.keys()
print(x)
# for printing dict_keys
car['color'] = 'black'
print(x)
# printing dict_keys
print(car)
# printing the o/p car
# as well as keys() we can call values() ...
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
x = thisdict.values()
print(x)
# it will be o/p as dict_values(['Ford', 'Mustang', 1964])
# we can change the values
car = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
x = car.values()
print(x) #before the change
car["year"] = 2020
print(x) #after the change
print(car)
# the o/p will be as {'brand': 'Ford', 'model': 'Mustang', 'year': 2020}
### we can add a new item with value
car = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
x = car.values()
print(x) #before the change
car["color"] = "red"
print(x) #after the change
print(car)
# we can change add and edit a item and update a new item
# keys() and values () contains both o/p is items()
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
x = thisdict.items()
print(x)
# the o/p will be as dict_items([('brand', 'Ford'), ('model', 'Mustang'), ('year', 1964)])
# it gives the o/p as keys with values .
]
# like values and keys we can change items
car = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
x = car.items()
print(x) #before the change
car["year"] = 2020
print(x) #after the change
print(car)
# the o/p will be as {'brand': 'Ford', 'model': 'Mustang', 'year': 2020, 'color': 'red'}
# keys() , values() , items() these three are similiar to add or edit or update a items .........
# we can change a values by this
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
thisdict["year"] = 2018
print(thisdict)
# or we can add or update a value by this
# update()
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
thisdict.update({'color':'red'})
print(thisdict)
# add or edit are most likely similiar becoz we are changing the values only and inserting a new keys ....
# for removing we can use pop()
# as like list , in list we can pop values
# popitem()
# we can a pop a item
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
thisdict.popitem()
print(thisdict)
# it will pop the last value
# del[]
# we can delete a single item
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
del thisdict["model"]
print(thisdict)
# model and it contains values will be removed and it will print answer...
# but we cannot delete a full dict with del function
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
del thisdict
print(thisdict)
#this will cause an error because "thisdict" no longer exists.
# if we want to delete total dict we can use this clear ()
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
thisdict.clear()
print(thisdict)
# it will print the empty dict {} like set
# note : dict and set are bot {}
# but dict contains keys and vaLue
# but set doesn't contain the values and keys ........
# we can copy the dict by value copy()
thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
mydict = thisdict.copy()
print(mydict)
# or else u can copy like this too
mydict = dict(thisdict)
print(mydict)
# here dict is an data type value like that ...........
###### NESTED dictionary ###################
car = {
'benz' : {
'name' : 'mercedes' ,
'year' : 2020
},
'lambo' : {
'name' : 'lamboghirini gallodo',
'year' : 2021
},
'bmw' : {
'name' : 'bmw m5 gt'
'year' : 20222
}
}
print(car)
# it will print o/p.
# u can give a variable
child1 = {
"name" : "Emil",
"year" : 2004
}
child2 = {
"name" : "Tobias",
"year" : 2007
}
child3 = {
"name" : "Linus",
"year" : 2011
}
myfamily = {
"child1" : child1,
"child2" : child2,
"child3" : child3
}
print(myfamily)
# u can print also like.....
# dict
# clear()
# keys()
# values()
# items()
# update()
# get()
# pop()
# copy()
# popitem()
##########################################################################