diff --git a/examples/emu_dll.py b/examples/emu_dll.py
index bf4f9f3e..6ae71ad3 100644
--- a/examples/emu_dll.py
+++ b/examples/emu_dll.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def hook_messagebox(emu, api_name, func, params):
     return rv
 
 
-def hook_mem_write(emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
+def hook_mem_write(emu, access, address, size, value):
     """
     Hook that is called whenever memory is written to
     Args:
diff --git a/examples/upx_unpack.py b/examples/upx_unpack.py
index 3f8a6e90..675ee2a3 100644
--- a/examples/upx_unpack.py
+++ b/examples/upx_unpack.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def save_unpacked_file(self):
             up.write(self.mem_read(mm.base, mm.size))
             # TODO: Fixup the import table after dumping
 
-    def code_hook(self, emu, addr, size, ctx):
+    def code_hook(self, emu, addr, size):
         if self.end_addr >= addr >= self.start_addr:
             print("[*] Section hop signature hit, dumping module")
             self.save_unpacked_file()
diff --git a/speakeasy/binemu.py b/speakeasy/binemu.py
index da8d4362..91e77063 100644
--- a/speakeasy/binemu.py
+++ b/speakeasy/binemu.py
@@ -894,14 +894,14 @@ def add_api_hook(self, cb, module="", api_name="", argc=0, call_conv=None, emu=N
         self.hooks.update({common.HOOK_API: obj})
         return hook
 
-    def add_code_hook(self, cb, begin=1, end=0, ctx={}, emu=None):
+    def add_code_hook(self, cb, begin=1, end=0, emu=None):
         """
         Add a hook that will fire for every CPU instruction
         """
         hl = self.hooks.get(common.HOOK_CODE, [])
         if not emu:
             emu = self
-        hook = common.CodeHook(self, self.emu_eng, cb, begin, end, ctx)
+        hook = common.CodeHook(self, self.emu_eng, cb, begin, end)
         if not hl:
             self.hooks.update(
                 {
@@ -918,11 +918,7 @@ def add_code_hook(self, cb, begin=1, end=0, ctx={}, emu=None):
 
         return hook
 
-    def _dynamic_code_cb(self, emu, addr, size, ctx={}):
-        """
-        Call all subscribers that want callbacks dynamic code callbacks
-        """
-
+    def _fire_dyn_code_hooks(self, addr):
         profiler = self.get_profiler()
         mm = self.get_address_map(addr)
         if profiler:
@@ -932,13 +928,7 @@ def _dynamic_code_cb(self, emu, addr, size, ctx={}):
         for h in self.hooks.get(common.HOOK_DYN_CODE, []):
             h.cb(mm)
 
-        # Delete the code hook that got us here
-        if ctx and isinstance(ctx, dict):
-            h = ctx.get("_delete_hook")
-            if h:
-                h.disable()
-
-    def _set_dyn_code_hook(self, addr, size, ctx={}):
+    def _set_dyn_code_hook(self, addr, size):
         """
         Set the top level dispatch hook for dynamic code execution
         """
@@ -946,10 +936,16 @@ def _set_dyn_code_hook(self, addr, size, ctx={}):
         if size > max_hook_size:
             size = max_hook_size
 
-        ch = self.add_code_hook(cb=self._dynamic_code_cb, begin=addr, end=addr + size, ctx=ctx)
-        ctx.update({"_delete_hook": ch})
+        hook_ref = [None]
+
+        def _dynamic_code_cb(emu, addr, size):
+            self._fire_dyn_code_hooks(addr)
+            if hook_ref[0]:
+                hook_ref[0].disable()
+
+        hook_ref[0] = self.add_code_hook(cb=_dynamic_code_cb, begin=addr, end=addr + size)
 
-    def add_dyn_code_hook(self, cb, ctx=[], emu=None):
+    def add_dyn_code_hook(self, cb, emu=None):
         """
         Add a hook that will fire when dynamically generated/copied code is executed
         """
@@ -957,7 +953,7 @@ def add_dyn_code_hook(self, cb, ctx=[], emu=None):
             emu = self
         hl = self.hooks.get(common.HOOK_DYN_CODE, [])
 
-        hook = common.DynCodeHook(emu, self.emu_eng, cb, ctx)
+        hook = common.DynCodeHook(emu, self.emu_eng, cb)
         if not hl:
             self.hooks.update(
                 {
@@ -1043,7 +1039,7 @@ def add_mem_map_hook(self, cb, begin=1, end=0, emu=None):
 
         return hook
 
-    def _hook_mem_invalid_dispatch(self, emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
+    def _hook_mem_invalid_dispatch(self, emu, access, address, size, value):
         """
         This handler will dispatch other invalid memory hooks
         """
@@ -1052,7 +1048,7 @@ def _hook_mem_invalid_dispatch(self, emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
         rv = True
         for mem_access_hook in hl[1:]:
             if mem_access_hook.enabled:
-                rv = mem_access_hook.cb(emu, access, address, size, value, ctx)
+                rv = mem_access_hook.cb(emu, access, address, size, value)
                 if rv is False:
                     break
         return rv
@@ -1079,13 +1075,13 @@ def add_mem_invalid_hook(self, cb, emu=None):
 
         return hook
 
-    def add_interrupt_hook(self, cb, ctx=[], emu=None):
+    def add_interrupt_hook(self, cb, emu=None):
         """
         Add a hook that will fire for software interrupts
         """
         if not emu:
             emu = self
-        hook = common.InterruptHook(emu, self.emu_eng, cb, ctx=[])
+        hook = common.InterruptHook(emu, self.emu_eng, cb)
         hl = self.hooks.get(common.HOOK_INTERRUPT)
         if not hl:
             self.hooks.update(
@@ -1103,13 +1099,13 @@ def add_interrupt_hook(self, cb, ctx=[], emu=None):
 
         return hook
 
-    def add_instruction_hook(self, cb, begin=1, end=0, ctx=[], emu=None, insn=None):
+    def add_instruction_hook(self, cb, begin=1, end=0, emu=None, insn=None):
         """
         Add a hook that will fire for IN, SYSCALL, or SYSENTER instructions
         """
         if not emu:
             emu = self
-        hook = common.InstructionHook(emu, self.emu_eng, cb, ctx=[], insn=insn)
+        hook = common.InstructionHook(emu, self.emu_eng, cb, insn=insn)
         hl = self.hooks.get(common.HOOK_INSN)
         if not hl:
             self.hooks.update(
@@ -1127,11 +1123,11 @@ def add_instruction_hook(self, cb, begin=1, end=0, ctx=[], emu=None, insn=None):
 
         return hook
 
-    def add_invalid_instruction_hook(self, cb, ctx=[], emu=None):
+    def add_invalid_instruction_hook(self, cb, emu=None):
         if not emu:
             emu = self
 
-        hook = common.InvalidInstructionHook(emu, self.emu_eng, cb, ctx=[])
+        hook = common.InvalidInstructionHook(emu, self.emu_eng, cb)
         hl = self.hooks.get(common.HOOK_INSN_INVALID)
 
         if not hl:
diff --git a/speakeasy/common.py b/speakeasy/common.py
index 76a60b79..2d68da31 100644
--- a/speakeasy/common.py
+++ b/speakeasy/common.py
@@ -55,13 +55,12 @@ class Hook:
     Base class for all emulator hooks
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, ctx=[], native_hook=False):
+    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, native_hook=False):
         """
         Arguments:
             se_obj: speakeasy emulator object
             emu_eng: emulation engine object
             cb: Python callback function
-            ctx: Arbitrary context that be passed between hook callbacks
             native_hook: When set to True, a new, raw callback will be registered with
                          with the underlying emulation engine that is called directly by the DLL.
                          Otherwise, this hook will be dispatched via a wrapper hook
@@ -74,7 +73,6 @@ def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, ctx=[], native_hook=False):
         self.native_hook = native_hook
         self.emu_eng = emu_eng
         self.se_obj = se_obj
-        self.ctx = ctx
 
     def enable(self):
         self.enabled = True
@@ -84,48 +82,48 @@ def disable(self):
         self.enabled = False
         self.emu_eng.hook_disable(self.handle)
 
-    def _wrap_code_cb(self, emu, addr, size, ctx=[]):
+    def _wrap_code_cb(self, emu, addr, size, ctx=None):
         try:
             if self.enabled:
                 if self.se_obj.exit_event and self.se_obj.exit_event.is_set():
                     self.se_obj.stop()
                     return False
-                return self.cb(self.se_obj, addr, size, self.ctx)
+                return self.cb(self.se_obj, addr, size)
             return True
         except KeyboardInterrupt:
             self.se_obj.stop()
             return False
 
-    def _wrap_intr_cb(self, emu, num, ctx=[]):
+    def _wrap_intr_cb(self, emu, num, ctx=None):
         if self.enabled:
-            return self.cb(self.se_obj, num, self.ctx)
+            return self.cb(self.se_obj, num)
         return True
 
-    def _wrap_in_insn_cb(self, emu, port, size, ctx=[]):
+    def _wrap_in_insn_cb(self, emu, port, size, ctx=None):
         if self.enabled:
             return self.cb(self.se_obj, port, size)
         return True
 
-    def _wrap_syscall_insn_cb(self, emu, ctx=[]):
+    def _wrap_syscall_insn_cb(self, emu, ctx=None):
         if self.enabled:
             return self.cb(self.se_obj)
         return True
 
-    def _wrap_memory_access_cb(self, emu, access, addr, size, value, ctx):
+    def _wrap_memory_access_cb(self, emu, access, addr, size, value, ctx=None):
         try:
             if self.enabled:
                 if self.se_obj.exit_event and self.se_obj.exit_event.is_set():
                     self.se_obj.stop()
                     return False
-                return self.cb(self.se_obj, access, addr, size, value, ctx)
+                return self.cb(self.se_obj, access, addr, size, value)
             return True
         except KeyboardInterrupt:
             self.se_obj.stop()
             return False
 
-    def _wrap_invalid_insn_cb(self, emu, ctx=[]):
+    def _wrap_invalid_insn_cb(self, emu, ctx=None):
         if self.enabled:
-            return self.cb(self.se_obj, self.ctx)
+            return self.cb(self.se_obj)
         return True
 
 
@@ -148,7 +146,7 @@ class DynCodeHook(Hook):
     Currently, this will only fire once per dynamic code mapping. Could be useful for unpacking.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, ctx=[]):
+    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb):
         super().__init__(se_obj, emu_eng, cb)
 
 
@@ -157,8 +155,8 @@ class CodeHook(Hook):
     This hook callback will fire for every CPU instruction
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, begin=1, end=0, ctx=[], native_hook=True):
-        super().__init__(se_obj, emu_eng, cb, ctx=ctx, native_hook=native_hook)
+    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, begin=1, end=0, native_hook=True):
+        super().__init__(se_obj, emu_eng, cb, native_hook=native_hook)
         self.begin = begin
         self.end = end
 
@@ -242,8 +240,8 @@ class InterruptHook(Hook):
     This hook will fire each time a a software interrupt is triggered
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, ctx=[], native_hook=True):
-        super().__init__(se_obj, emu_eng, cb, ctx=ctx, native_hook=native_hook)
+    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, native_hook=True):
+        super().__init__(se_obj, emu_eng, cb, native_hook=native_hook)
 
     def add(self):
         if not self.added and self.native_hook:
@@ -258,8 +256,8 @@ class InstructionHook(Hook):
     Only the instructions: IN, OUT, SYSCALL, and SYSENTER are supported by unicorn.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, ctx=[], native_hook=True, insn=None):
-        super().__init__(se_obj, emu_eng, cb, ctx=ctx, native_hook=native_hook)
+    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, native_hook=True, insn=None):
+        super().__init__(se_obj, emu_eng, cb, native_hook=native_hook)
         self.insn = insn
 
     def add(self):
@@ -275,8 +273,8 @@ class InvalidInstructionHook(Hook):
     to be executed
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, ctx=[], native_hook=True):
-        super().__init__(se_obj, emu_eng, cb, ctx=ctx, native_hook=native_hook)
+    def __init__(self, se_obj, emu_eng, cb, native_hook=True):
+        super().__init__(se_obj, emu_eng, cb, native_hook=native_hook)
 
     def add(self):
         if not self.added and self.native_hook:
diff --git a/speakeasy/engines/unicorn_eng.py b/speakeasy/engines/unicorn_eng.py
index b2ae594b..60c1a82d 100644
--- a/speakeasy/engines/unicorn_eng.py
+++ b/speakeasy/engines/unicorn_eng.py
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ def start(self, addr, timeout=0, count=0):
         timeout = self._sec_to_usec(timeout)
         return self.emu.emu_start(addr, 0xFFFFFFFF, timeout=timeout, count=count)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
 
-    def hook_add(self, addr=None, cb=None, htype=None, ctx=None, begin=1, end=0, arg1=0):
+    def hook_add(self, addr=None, cb=None, htype=None, begin=1, end=0, arg1=0):
         """
         Add a callback function for a specific event type or address
         """
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ def hook_add(self, addr=None, cb=None, htype=None, ctx=None, begin=1, end=0, arg
         elif hook_type == uc.UC_HOOK_MEM_INVALID:
             cb = ct.cast(UC_HOOK_MEM_INVALID_CB(cb), UC_HOOK_MEM_INVALID_CB)
         else:
-            return self.emu.hook_add(htype=hook_type, callback=cb, user_data=ctx, begin=begin, end=end)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+            return self.emu.hook_add(htype=hook_type, callback=cb, begin=begin, end=end)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
         ptr = ct.cast(cb, ct.c_void_p)
         # uc_hook_add requires an additional paramter for the hook type UC_HOOK_INSN
         if hook_type == uc.UC_HOOK_INSN:
diff --git a/speakeasy/memmgr.py b/speakeasy/memmgr.py
index 0461a190..b6e9cbd0 100644
--- a/speakeasy/memmgr.py
+++ b/speakeasy/memmgr.py
@@ -78,13 +78,12 @@ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
 
     def _hook_mem_map_dispatch(self, mm):
         hl = self.hooks.get(common.HOOK_MEM_MAP, [])
-        ctx: dict[str, object] = {}
         for mem_map_hook in hl:
             if mem_map_hook.enabled:
                 # the mapped memory region's base address falls within the hook's bounds
                 if mem_map_hook.begin <= mm.base:
                     if not mem_map_hook.end or mem_map_hook.end > mm.base:
-                        mem_map_hook.cb(self, mm.base, mm.size, mm.tag, mm.prot, mm.flags, ctx)
+                        mem_map_hook.cb(self, mm.base, mm.size, mm.tag, mm.prot, mm.flags)
 
     def mem_map(self, size, base=None, perms=common.PERM_MEM_RWX, tag=None, flags=0, shared=False, process=None):
         """
diff --git a/speakeasy/profiler.py b/speakeasy/profiler.py
index 6d03f4fd..73979451 100644
--- a/speakeasy/profiler.py
+++ b/speakeasy/profiler.py
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ def record_dropped_files_event(self, run, files):
             entry = {"path": f.path, "size": len(data), "sha256": _hash, "data_ref": data_ref}
             run.dropped_files.append(entry)
 
-    def record_api_event(self, run, pos: TracePosition, name, ret, argv, ctx=[]):
+    def record_api_event(self, run, pos: TracePosition, name, ret, argv):
         """
         Log a call to an OS API. This includes arguments, return address, and return value
         """
diff --git a/speakeasy/speakeasy.py b/speakeasy/speakeasy.py
index 147416e0..f4ec324f 100644
--- a/speakeasy/speakeasy.py
+++ b/speakeasy/speakeasy.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def wrap(self, *args, **kwargs):
 
         return wrap
 
-    def __init__(self, config=None, argv=[], debug=False, exit_event=None, gdb_port=None, volumes=None):
+    def __init__(self, config=None, argv=None, debug=False, exit_event=None, gdb_port=None, volumes=None):
 
         if volumes:
             if isinstance(config, SpeakeasyConfig):
@@ -51,18 +51,18 @@ def __init__(self, config=None, argv=[], debug=False, exit_event=None, gdb_port=
         self._init_config(config)
         self.emu: Win32Emulator | WinKernelEmulator | None = None
         self.api_hooks: list[tuple[Callable, str, str, int, object | None]] = []
-        self.code_hooks: list[tuple[Callable, int, int, dict]] = []
-        self.dyn_code_hooks: list[tuple[Callable, dict]] = []
-        self.invalid_insn_hooks: list[tuple[Callable, list]] = []
+        self.code_hooks: list[tuple[Callable, int, int]] = []
+        self.dyn_code_hooks: list[tuple[Callable]] = []
+        self.invalid_insn_hooks: list[tuple[Callable]] = []
         self.mem_read_hooks: list[tuple[Callable, int, int]] = []
-        self.argv = argv
+        self.argv = argv if argv is not None else []
         self.exit_event = exit_event
         self.debug = debug
         self.gdb_port = gdb_port
         self.loaded_bins: list[str | None] = []
         self.mem_write_hooks: list[tuple[Callable, int, int]] = []
         self.mem_invalid_hooks: list[tuple[Callable]] = []
-        self.interrupt_hooks: list[tuple[Callable, dict]] = []
+        self.interrupt_hooks: list[tuple[Callable]] = []
         self.mem_map_hooks: list[tuple[Callable, int, int]] = []
 
     def __enter__(self):
@@ -142,16 +142,16 @@ def _init_hooks(self) -> None:
             self.add_api_hook(cb, mod, func, argc, cconv)
         while self.code_hooks:
             h = self.code_hooks.pop(0)
-            cb, begin, end, ctx = h
-            self.add_code_hook(cb, begin, end, ctx)
+            cb, begin, end = h
+            self.add_code_hook(cb, begin, end)
         while self.dyn_code_hooks:
             h = self.dyn_code_hooks.pop(0)
-            cb, ctx = h
-            self.add_dyn_code_hook(cb, ctx)
+            (cb,) = h
+            self.add_dyn_code_hook(cb)
         while self.invalid_insn_hooks:
             h = self.invalid_insn_hooks.pop(0)
-            cb, ctx = h
-            self.add_invalid_instruction_hook(cb, ctx)
+            (cb,) = h
+            self.add_invalid_instruction_hook(cb)
         while self.mem_read_hooks:
             h = self.mem_read_hooks.pop(0)
             cb, begin, end = h
@@ -166,8 +166,8 @@ def _init_hooks(self) -> None:
             self.add_mem_invalid_hook(cb)
         while self.interrupt_hooks:
             h = self.interrupt_hooks.pop(0)
-            cb, ctx = h
-            self.add_interrupt_hook(cb, ctx)
+            (cb,) = h
+            self.add_interrupt_hook(cb)
         while self.mem_map_hooks:
             h = self.mem_map_hooks.pop(0)
             self.add_mem_map_hook(h)
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ def call(self, addr: int, params=[]) -> None:
         output_active_config(self.config, logger)
         return self.emu.call(addr, params=params)  # type: ignore[no-any-return, union-attr]
 
-    def add_code_hook(self, cb: Callable, begin=1, end=0, ctx={}):
+    def add_code_hook(self, cb: Callable, begin=1, end=0):
         """
         Set a callback to fire for every CPU instruction that is emulated
 
@@ -429,29 +429,27 @@ def add_code_hook(self, cb: Callable, begin=1, end=0, ctx={}):
             cb: Callable python function to execute
             begin: beginning of the address range to hook
             end: end of the address range to hook
-            ctx: Optional context to pass back and forth between the hook function
         return:
             Hook object for newly registered hooks
         """
         if not self.emu:
-            self.code_hooks.append((cb, begin, end, ctx))
+            self.code_hooks.append((cb, begin, end))
             return
-        return self.emu.add_code_hook(cb, begin=begin, end=end, ctx=ctx, emu=self)
+        return self.emu.add_code_hook(cb, begin=begin, end=end, emu=self)
 
-    def add_dyn_code_hook(self, cb: Callable, ctx={}):
+    def add_dyn_code_hook(self, cb: Callable):
         """
         Set a callback to fire when dynamically generated/copied code is executed
 
         args:
             cb: Callable python function to execute
-            ctx: Optional context to pass back and forth between the hook function
         return:
             Hook object for newly registered hooks
         """
         if not self.emu:
-            self.dyn_code_hooks.append((cb, ctx))
+            self.dyn_code_hooks.append((cb,))
             return
-        return self.emu.add_dyn_code_hook(cb, ctx=ctx, emu=self)
+        return self.emu.add_dyn_code_hook(cb, emu=self)
 
     def add_mem_read_hook(self, cb: Callable, begin=1, end=0):
         """
@@ -517,7 +515,7 @@ def add_SYSCALL_instruction_hook(self, cb: Callable, begin=1, end=0):
             return
         return self.emu.add_instruction_hook(cb, begin=begin, end=end, emu=self, insn=700)
 
-    def add_invalid_instruction_hook(self, cb: Callable, ctx=[]):
+    def add_invalid_instruction_hook(self, cb: Callable):
         """
         Set a callback to fire when an invalid instruction is attempted
         to be executed
@@ -528,9 +526,9 @@ def add_invalid_instruction_hook(self, cb: Callable, ctx=[]):
             Hook object for newly registered hooks
         """
         if not self.emu:
-            self.invalid_insn_hooks.append((cb, ctx))
+            self.invalid_insn_hooks.append((cb,))
             return
-        return self.emu.add_invalid_instruction_hook(cb, ctx)
+        return self.emu.add_invalid_instruction_hook(cb)
 
     def add_mem_invalid_hook(self, cb: Callable):
         """
@@ -546,20 +544,19 @@ def add_mem_invalid_hook(self, cb: Callable):
             return
         return self.emu.add_mem_invalid_hook(cb, emu=self)
 
-    def add_interrupt_hook(self, cb: Callable, ctx={}):
+    def add_interrupt_hook(self, cb: Callable):
         """
         Get a callback for software interrupts
 
         args:
             cb: Callable python function to execute
-            ctx: Optional context to pass back and forth between the hook function
         return:
             Hook object for newly registered hooks
         """
         if not self.emu:
-            self.interrupt_hooks.append((cb, ctx))
+            self.interrupt_hooks.append((cb,))
             return
-        return self.emu.add_interrupt_hook(cb, ctx=ctx, emu=self)
+        return self.emu.add_interrupt_hook(cb, emu=self)
 
     def get_registry_key(self, handle=0, path=""):
         """
diff --git a/speakeasy/windows/fileman.py b/speakeasy/windows/fileman.py
index 494382f3..98c96011 100644
--- a/speakeasy/windows/fileman.py
+++ b/speakeasy/windows/fileman.py
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class File:
 
     curr_handle = 0x80
 
-    def __init__(self, path, config={}, data=b""):
+    def __init__(self, path, config=None, data=b""):
         self.path: str = path
         self.data: io.BytesIO | bytes | None = None
         self.bytes_written: int = 0
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def __init__(self, path, config={}, data=b""):
             self.data = io.BytesIO(data)
         self.curr_offset: int = 0
         self.is_dir: bool = False
-        self.config: Any = config
+        self.config: Any = config if config is not None else {}
 
     def duplicate(self):
         if not self.data and self.config:
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ class Pipe(File):
 
     curr_handle = 0x400
 
-    def __init__(self, name, mode, num_instances, out_size, in_size, config={}):
+    def __init__(self, name, mode, num_instances, out_size, in_size, config=None):
         super().__init__(path=name, config=config)
         self.name = name
         self.mode = mode
diff --git a/speakeasy/windows/objman.py b/speakeasy/windows/objman.py
index 56091c3b..30d35ced 100644
--- a/speakeasy/windows/objman.py
+++ b/speakeasy/windows/objman.py
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ class Process(KernelObject):
     An EPROCESS object used by the Windows kernel to represent a process
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, emu, pe=None, user_modules=[], name="", path="", cmdline="", base=0, session=0):
+    def __init__(self, emu, pe=None, user_modules=None, name="", path="", cmdline="", base=0, session=0):
         super().__init__(emu=emu)
         self.ldr_entries: list[LdrDataTableEntry] = []
         # TODO: For now just allocate a blank opaque struct for an EPROCESS
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu, pe=None, user_modules=[], name="", path="", cmdline="",
         self.name: str = name
         self.base: int = base
         self.pid: int = self.id
-        self.modules: list[Any] = user_modules
+        self.modules: list[Any] = user_modules if user_modules is not None else []
         self.threads: list[Thread] = []
         self.console: Console | None = None
         self.curr_thread: Thread | None = None
diff --git a/speakeasy/windows/win32.py b/speakeasy/windows/win32.py
index cd1c0d7c..48afb66c 100644
--- a/speakeasy/windows/win32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/windows/win32.py
@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ class Win32Emulator(WindowsEmulator):
     User Mode Windows Emulator Class
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, config, argv=[], debug=False, exit_event=None, gdb_port=None):
+    def __init__(self, config, argv=None, debug=False, exit_event=None, gdb_port=None):
         super().__init__(config, debug=debug, exit_event=exit_event, gdb_port=gdb_port)
 
         self.last_error = 0
         self.peb_addr = 0
         self.heap_allocs = []
-        self.argv = argv
+        self.argv = argv if argv is not None else []
         self.sessman = SessionManager(config)
         self.com = COM(config)
 
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ def exit_process(self):
         self.enable_code_hook()
         self.run_complete = True
 
-    def _hook_mem_unmapped(self, emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
+    def _hook_mem_unmapped(self, emu, access, address, size, value):
         _access = self.emu_eng.mem_access.get(access)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
 
         if _access == common.INVALID_MEM_READ:
@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ def _hook_mem_unmapped(self, emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
                 self.mem_map_reserve(pld.address)
                 self.init_peb(self._ordered_peb_modules())
                 return True
-        return super()._hook_mem_unmapped(emu, access, address, size, value, ctx)
+        return super()._hook_mem_unmapped(emu, access, address, size, value)
 
     def set_hooks(self):
         """Set the emulator callbacks"""
diff --git a/speakeasy/windows/winemu.py b/speakeasy/windows/winemu.py
index afee8dd3..f8d365e0 100644
--- a/speakeasy/windows/winemu.py
+++ b/speakeasy/windows/winemu.py
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ def disable_code_hook(self):
         if self.tmp_code_hook:
             self.tmp_code_hook.disable()
 
-    def _module_access_hook(self, emu, addr, size, ctx):
+    def _module_access_hook(self, emu, addr, size):
         symbol = self.get_symbol_from_address(addr)
         if symbol:
             logger.debug("module_access: %s", symbol)
@@ -1354,7 +1354,7 @@ def handle_import_data(self, mod_name, sym, data_ptr=0):
         data_addr = self.api.call_data_func(module, func, data_ptr)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
         return data_addr
 
-    def _handle_invalid_fetch(self, emu, address, size, value, ctx):
+    def _handle_invalid_fetch(self, emu, address, size, value):
         """
         Called when an attempt to emulate an instruction from an invalid address
         """
@@ -1653,7 +1653,7 @@ def handle_import_func(self, dll, name):
 
             # Is this function being called from a dynamcially allocated memory segment?
             if mm and "virtualalloc" in mm.tag.lower():
-                self._dynamic_code_cb(self, ret, 0, {})
+                self._fire_dyn_code_hooks(ret)
 
             # Log the API args and return value
             self.log_api(call_pc, imp_api, rv, argv)
@@ -1717,7 +1717,7 @@ def handle_import_func(self, dll, name):
             )
             self.on_run_complete()
 
-    def _hook_mem_unmapped(self, emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
+    def _hook_mem_unmapped(self, emu, access, address, size, value):
         """
         High level function used to catch all invalid memory accesses that occur during
         emulation
@@ -1745,21 +1745,21 @@ def _hook_mem_unmapped(self, emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
                         self.do_call_return(len(args), pc)
                         self._unset_emu_hooks()
                     return True
-                return self._handle_invalid_fetch(emu, address, size, value, ctx)
+                return self._handle_invalid_fetch(emu, address, size, value)
 
             elif access == common.INVALID_MEM_READ:
-                return self._handle_invalid_read(emu, address, size, value, ctx)
+                return self._handle_invalid_read(emu, address, size, value)
 
             elif access == common.INVAL_PERM_MEM_EXEC:
-                return self._handle_prot_fetch(emu, address, size, value, ctx)
+                return self._handle_prot_fetch(emu, address, size, value)
             elif access == common.INVALID_MEM_WRITE:
                 fakeout = address & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFF000
                 self.mem_map(self.page_size, base=fakeout)
                 self.tmp_maps.append((fakeout, self.page_size))
 
-                return self._handle_invalid_write(emu, address, size, value, ctx)
+                return self._handle_invalid_write(emu, address, size, value)
             elif access == common.INVAL_PERM_MEM_WRITE:
-                return self._handle_prot_write(emu, address, size, value, ctx)
+                return self._handle_prot_write(emu, address, size, value)
         except Exception as e:
             logger.exception("Invalid memory exception")
             error = self.get_error_info(str(e), self.get_pc(), traceback=traceback.format_exc())
@@ -1767,7 +1767,7 @@ def _hook_mem_unmapped(self, emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
             self.on_emu_complete()
             return False
 
-    def _handle_prot_write(self, emu, address, size, value, ctx):
+    def _handle_prot_write(self, emu, address, size, value):
 
         fakeout = address & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFF000
         self.mem_map(self.page_size, base=fakeout)
@@ -1796,7 +1796,7 @@ def get_symbol_from_address(self, address):
             symbol = "{}.{}".format(*sym)
         return symbol
 
-    def _hook_mem_read(self, emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
+    def _hook_mem_read(self, emu, access, address, size, value):
         """
         Hook each memory read event that occurs. This hook is used to lookup symbols and modules
         that are read from during emulation.
@@ -1872,7 +1872,7 @@ def _hook_mem_read(self, emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
             self.on_emu_complete()
             return False
 
-    def _hook_mem_write(self, emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
+    def _hook_mem_write(self, emu, access, address, size, value):
         """
         Hook each memory write event that occurs. This hook is used to track memory modifications
         to interesting memory locations.
@@ -1925,7 +1925,7 @@ def _hook_mem_write(self, emu, access, address, size, value, ctx):
             self.on_emu_complete()
             return False
 
-    def _handle_invalid_read(self, emu, address, size, value, ctx):
+    def _handle_invalid_read(self, emu, address, size, value):
         """
         Hook each invalid memory read event that occurs.
         """
@@ -1953,7 +1953,7 @@ def _handle_invalid_read(self, emu, address, size, value, ctx):
         self.on_run_complete()
         return True
 
-    def _handle_prot_fetch(self, emu, address, size, value, ctx):
+    def _handle_prot_fetch(self, emu, address, size, value):
         """
         Called when non-executable code is emulated
         """
@@ -1973,7 +1973,7 @@ def _handle_prot_fetch(self, emu, address, size, value, ctx):
         self.handle_import_func(mod_name, fn)
         return True
 
-    def _handle_invalid_write(self, emu, address, size, value, ctx):
+    def _handle_invalid_write(self, emu, address, size, value):
         """
         Called when non-writable address is written to
         """
@@ -1996,7 +1996,7 @@ def _handle_invalid_write(self, emu, address, size, value, ctx):
         self.on_run_complete()
         return True
 
-    def _hook_code_core(self, emu, addr, size, ctx):
+    def _hook_code_core(self, emu, addr, size):
         """
         Transient code hook for deferred work: SEH dispatch, run lifecycle,
         temp map cleanup, and import data queue processing. Enabled on demand
@@ -2048,7 +2048,7 @@ def _hook_code_core(self, emu, addr, size, ctx):
             self.on_emu_complete()
             return False
 
-    def _hook_code_coverage(self, emu, addr, size, ctx):
+    def _hook_code_coverage(self, emu, addr, size):
         """
         Persistent code hook that records every executed address for coverage.
         """
@@ -2062,7 +2062,7 @@ def _hook_code_coverage(self, emu, addr, size, ctx):
             self.on_emu_complete()
             return False
 
-    def _hook_code_tracing(self, emu, addr, size, ctx):
+    def _hook_code_tracing(self, emu, addr, size):
         """
         Persistent code hook for memory tracing: instruction counting,
         symbol execution tracking, and per-region execution tracking.
@@ -2131,7 +2131,7 @@ def _hook_code_tracing(self, emu, addr, size, ctx):
             self.on_emu_complete()
             return False
 
-    def _hook_code_debug(self, emu, addr, size, ctx):
+    def _hook_code_debug(self, emu, addr, size):
         """
         Persistent code hook that prints disassembly and register state
         for every instruction when debug mode is enabled.
@@ -2707,17 +2707,10 @@ def create_mutant(self, name=""):
         hnd = self.om.get_handle(mtx)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
         return hnd, mtx
 
-    def _hook_interrupt(self, emu, intnum, ctx=[]):
+    def _hook_interrupt(self, emu, intnum):
         """
         Called when software interrupts occur
         """
-
-        def _tmp_hook(emu, addr, size, ctx):
-            ret = self.pop_stack()
-            self.set_pc(ret)
-            hook_obj = ctx.pop(0)
-            hook_obj.disable()
-
         exception_list = self._get_exception_list()
         if exception_list and self.config.exceptions.dispatch_handlers:
             # Catch software breakpoint interrupts
@@ -2748,7 +2741,14 @@ def _tmp_hook(emu, addr, size, ctx):
             ecx = self.reg_read(_arch.X86_REG_ECX)
             # Cookie security init failed, just return since we are in __security_init_cookie
             if ecx == 6:
-                ctx.append(self.add_code_hook(cb=_tmp_hook, ctx=ctx))
+                hook_ref = [None]
+
+                def _tmp_hook(emu, addr, size):
+                    ret = self.pop_stack()
+                    self.set_pc(ret)
+                    hook_ref[0].disable()
+
+                hook_ref[0] = self.add_code_hook(cb=_tmp_hook)
                 return True
 
         pc = self.get_pc()
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/api.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/api.py
index b6d9f890..97df758c 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/api.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/api.py
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
+ApiContext = dict[str, str] | None
+
 
 class ApiHandler:
     """
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/fwpkclnt.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/fwpkclnt.py
index 023fd026..8c0e097f 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/fwpkclnt.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/fwpkclnt.py
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def new_filter(self, name, desc, key):
         return ret
 
     @apihook("FwpmEngineOpen0", argc=5)
-    def FwpmEngineOpen0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpmEngineOpen0(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD FwpmEngineOpen0(
         const wchar_t             *serverName,
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ def FwpmEngineOpen0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FwpsInjectionHandleCreate0", argc=3)
-    def FwpsInjectionHandleCreate0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpsInjectionHandleCreate0(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS FwpsInjectionHandleCreate0(
         ADDRESS_FAMILY addressFamily,
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ def FwpsInjectionHandleCreate0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FwpmSubLayerAdd0", argc=3)
-    def FwpmSubLayerAdd0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpmSubLayerAdd0(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD FwpmSubLayerAdd0(
         HANDLE               engineHandle,
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ def FwpmSubLayerAdd0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FwpsCalloutRegister1", argc=3)
-    def FwpsCalloutRegister1(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpsCalloutRegister1(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS FwpsCalloutRegister1(
           void                *deviceObject,
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ def FwpsCalloutRegister1(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FwpmCalloutAdd0", argc=4)
-    def FwpmCalloutAdd0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpmCalloutAdd0(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD FwpmCalloutAdd0(
           HANDLE               engineHandle,
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ def FwpmCalloutAdd0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FwpmFilterAdd0", argc=4)
-    def FwpmFilterAdd0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpmFilterAdd0(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD FwpmFilterAdd0(
           HANDLE               engineHandle,
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ def FwpmFilterAdd0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FwpmFilterDeleteById0", argc=2)
-    def FwpmFilterDeleteById0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpmFilterDeleteById0(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD FwpmFilterDeleteById0(
         HANDLE engineHandle,
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ def FwpmFilterDeleteById0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FwpmCalloutDeleteById0", argc=2)
-    def FwpmCalloutDeleteById0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpmCalloutDeleteById0(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD FwpmCalloutDeleteById0(
         HANDLE engineHandle,
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ def FwpmCalloutDeleteById0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FwpsCalloutUnregisterById0", argc=1)
-    def FwpsCalloutUnregisterById0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpsCalloutUnregisterById0(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS FwpsCalloutUnregisterById0(
         const UINT32 calloutId
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ def FwpsCalloutUnregisterById0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FwpmSubLayerDeleteByKey0", argc=2)
-    def FwpmSubLayerDeleteByKey0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpmSubLayerDeleteByKey0(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD FwpmSubLayerDeleteByKey0(
         HANDLE     engineHandle,
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ def FwpmSubLayerDeleteByKey0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FwpmEngineClose0", argc=1)
-    def FwpmEngineClose0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpmEngineClose0(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD FwpmEngineClose0(
         HANDLE engineHandle
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ def FwpmEngineClose0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FwpsInjectionHandleDestroy0", argc=1)
-    def FwpsInjectionHandleDestroy0(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FwpsInjectionHandleDestroy0(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS FwpsInjectionHandleDestroy0(
         HANDLE injectionHandle
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/hal.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/hal.py
index 6c13f547..77e862e2 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/hal.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/hal.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("KeGetCurrentIrql", argc=0)
-    def KeGetCurrentIrql(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeGetCurrentIrql(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTHALAPI KIRQL KeGetCurrentIrql();
         """
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def KeGetCurrentIrql(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return irql
 
     @apihook("ExAcquireFastMutex", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_FASTCALL)
-    def ExAcquireFastMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExAcquireFastMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID ExAcquireFastMutex(
             _Inout_ PFAST_MUTEX FastMutex
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ def ExAcquireFastMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("ExReleaseFastMutex", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_FASTCALL)
-    def ExReleaseFastMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExReleaseFastMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID ExReleaseFastMutex(
             _Inout_ PFAST_MUTEX FastMutex
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/ndis.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/ndis.py
index 7c046264..d3699297 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/ndis.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/ndis.py
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def new_id(self):
         return tmp
 
     @apihook("NdisGetVersion", argc=0)
-    def NdisGetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisGetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT NdisGetVersion();
         """
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def NdisGetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return out_ver
 
     @apihook("NdisGetRoutineAddress", argc=1)
-    def NdisGetRoutineAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisGetRoutineAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID NdisGetRoutineAddress(
             PNDIS_STRING NdisRoutineName
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def NdisGetRoutineAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return addr
 
     @apihook("NdisMRegisterMiniportDriver", argc=5)
-    def NdisMRegisterMiniportDriver(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisMRegisterMiniportDriver(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NDIS_STATUS NdisMRegisterMiniportDriver(
             PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject,
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ def NdisMRegisterMiniportDriver(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("NdisInitializeWrapper", argc=4)
-    def NdisInitializeWrapper(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisInitializeWrapper(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID NdisInitializeWrapper(
             PNDIS_HANDLE    NdisWrapperHandle,
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ def NdisInitializeWrapper(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_write(pHandle, hnd.to_bytes(self.get_ptr_size(), "little"))
 
     @apihook("NdisTerminateWrapper", argc=2)
-    def NdisTerminateWrapper(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisTerminateWrapper(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID NdisTerminateWrapper(
         _In_ NDIS_HANDLE NdisWrapperHandle,
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ def NdisTerminateWrapper(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         hnd, ss = argv
 
     @apihook("NdisInitializeReadWriteLock", argc=1)
-    def NdisInitializeReadWriteLock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisInitializeReadWriteLock(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void NdisInitializeReadWriteLock(
             PNDIS_RW_LOCK Lock
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ def NdisInitializeReadWriteLock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         (lock,) = argv
 
     @apihook("NdisMRegisterUnloadHandler", argc=2)
-    def NdisMRegisterUnloadHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisMRegisterUnloadHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID NdisMRegisterUnloadHandler(
         _In_ NDIS_HANDLE    NdisWrapperHandle,
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ def NdisMRegisterUnloadHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         hnd, unload = argv
 
     @apihook("NdisRegisterProtocol", argc=4)
-    def NdisRegisterProtocol(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisRegisterProtocol(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID NdisRegisterProtocol(
         _Out_ PNDIS_STATUS                   Status,
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ def NdisRegisterProtocol(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             self.mem_write(pProtoHandle, hnd.to_bytes(4, "little"))
 
     @apihook("NdisIMRegisterLayeredMiniport", argc=4)
-    def NdisIMRegisterLayeredMiniport(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisIMRegisterLayeredMiniport(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NDIS_STATUS NdisIMRegisterLayeredMiniport(
         _In_  NDIS_HANDLE                    NdisWrapperHandle,
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ def NdisIMRegisterLayeredMiniport(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("NdisIMAssociateMiniport", argc=2)
-    def NdisIMAssociateMiniport(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisIMAssociateMiniport(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void NdisIMAssociateMiniport(
         NDIS_HANDLE DriverHandle,
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ def NdisIMAssociateMiniport(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         drv_hnd, phnd = argv
 
     @apihook("NdisAllocateGenericObject", argc=3)
-    def NdisAllocateGenericObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisAllocateGenericObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PNDIS_GENERIC_OBJECT NdisAllocateGenericObject(
             PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject,
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ def NdisAllocateGenericObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ptr
 
     @apihook("NdisAllocateMemoryWithTag", argc=3)
-    def NdisAllocateMemoryWithTag(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisAllocateMemoryWithTag(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NDIS_STATUS NdisAllocateMemoryWithTag(
           _Out_ PVOID *VirtualAddress,
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ def NdisAllocateMemoryWithTag(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("NdisAllocateNetBufferListPool", argc=2)
-    def NdisAllocateNetBufferListPool(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisAllocateNetBufferListPool(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NDIS_HANDLE NdisAllocateNetBufferListPool(
           NDIS_HANDLE                      NdisHandle,
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ def NdisAllocateNetBufferListPool(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nbl_ptr
 
     @apihook("NdisFreeNetBufferListPool", argc=1)
-    def NdisFreeNetBufferListPool(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisFreeNetBufferListPool(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void NdisFreeNetBufferListPool(
         NDIS_HANDLE PoolHandle
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ def NdisFreeNetBufferListPool(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("NdisFreeMemory", argc=3)
-    def NdisFreeMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisFreeMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void NdisFreeMemory(
         PVOID VirtualAddress,
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ def NdisFreeMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("NdisFreeGenericObject", argc=1)
-    def NdisFreeGenericObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NdisFreeGenericObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void NdisFreeGenericObject(
         PNDIS_GENERIC_OBJECT NdisObject
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/netio.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/netio.py
index 5bbe97c2..aff1c813 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/netio.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/netio.py
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         self.prov_disp.WskGetNameInfo = addr
 
     @apihook("WskRegister", argc=2)
-    def WskRegister(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskRegister(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS WskRegister(
           PWSK_CLIENT_NPI   WskClientNpi,
           PWSK_REGISTRATION WskRegistration
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ def WskRegister(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WskCaptureProviderNPI", argc=3)
-    def WskCaptureProviderNPI(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskCaptureProviderNPI(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS WskCaptureProviderNPI(
           PWSK_REGISTRATION WskRegistration,
           ULONG             WaitTimeout,
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ def WskCaptureProviderNPI(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskSocket", argc=11)
-    def WskSocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskSocket(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS PfnWskSocket(
           PWSK_CLIENT Client,
           ADDRESS_FAMILY AddressFamily,
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ def WskSocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskSocketConnect", argc=12)
-    def WskSocketConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskSocketConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS PfnWskSocketConnect(
           PWSK_CLIENT Client,
           USHORT SocketType,
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ def WskSocketConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskControlClient", argc=8)
-    def WskControlClient(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskControlClient(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS PfnWskControlClient(
           PWSK_CLIENT Client,
           ULONG ControlCode,
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ def WskControlClient(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskGetAddressInfo", argc=10)
-    def WskGetAddressInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskGetAddressInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS PfnWskGetAddressInfo(
           PWSK_CLIENT Client,
           PUNICODE_STRING NodeName,
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ def WskGetAddressInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskFreeAddressInfo", argc=2)
-    def WskFreeAddressInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskFreeAddressInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """void PfnWskFreeAddressInfo(
           PWSK_CLIENT Client,
           PADDRINFOEXW AddrInfo
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ def WskFreeAddressInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskGetNameInfo", argc=9)
-    def WskGetNameInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskGetNameInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS PfnWskGetNameInfo(
           PWSK_CLIENT Client,
           PSOCKADDR SockAddr,
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ def WskGetNameInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskControlSocket", argc=10)
-    def WskControlSocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskControlSocket(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS PfnWskControlSocket(
           PWSK_SOCKET Socket,
           WSK_CONTROL_SOCKET_TYPE RequestType,
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ def WskControlSocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskCloseSocket", argc=2)
-    def WskCloseSocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskCloseSocket(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS PfnWskCloseSocket(
           PWSK_SOCKET Socket,
           PIRP Irp
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ def WskCloseSocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskBind", argc=4)
-    def WskBind(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskBind(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS PfnWskBind(
           PWSK_SOCKET Socket,
           PSOCKADDR LocalAddress,
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ def WskBind(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskSendTo", argc=7)
-    def WskSendTo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskSendTo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS PfnWskSendTo(
           PWSK_SOCKET Socket,
           PWSK_BUF Buffer,
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ def WskSendTo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskReceiveFrom", argc=8)
-    def WskReceiveFrom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskReceiveFrom(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS PfnWskReceiveFrom(
           PWSK_SOCKET Socket,
           PWSK_BUF Buffer,
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ def WskReceiveFrom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskRelease", argc=2)
-    def WskRelease(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskRelease(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS WSKAPI WSKAPI * WskRelease(
           _In_ PWSK_SOCKET          Socket,
           _In_ PWSK_DATA_INDICATION DataIndication
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ def WskRelease(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("callback_WskGetLocalAddress", argc=2)
-    def WskGetLocalAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskGetLocalAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS PfnWskGetLocalAddress(
           PWSK_SOCKET Socket,
           PSOCKADDR LocalAddress,
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ def WskGetLocalAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WskReleaseProviderNPI", argc=1)
-    def WskReleaseProviderNPI(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskReleaseProviderNPI(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WskReleaseProviderNPI(
         PWSK_REGISTRATION WskRegistration
@@ -394,14 +394,14 @@ def WskReleaseProviderNPI(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("NsiEnumerateObjectsAllParametersEx", argc=0)
-    def NsiEnumerateObjectsAllParametersEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NsiEnumerateObjectsAllParametersEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         N/A
         """
         return
 
     @apihook("WskDeregister", argc=1)
-    def WskDeregister(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WskDeregister(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WskDeregister(
         PWSK_REGISTRATION WskRegistration
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/ntoskrnl.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/ntoskrnl.py
index 50bd4297..7d8ba27e 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/ntoskrnl.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/ntoskrnl.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def KdDebuggerEnabled(self, ptr=0):
         return ptr
 
     @apihook("ObfDereferenceObject", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_FASTCALL)
-    def ObfDereferenceObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ObfDereferenceObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void ObfDereferenceObject(a);
         """
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ def ObfDereferenceObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             obj.ref_cnt -= 1
 
     @apihook("ZwClose", argc=1)
-    def ZwClose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwClose(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         __kernel_entry NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS ZwClose(
         HANDLE Handle
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ def ZwClose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("DbgPrint", argc=_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def DbgPrint(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DbgPrint(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ULONG DbgPrint(
         PCSTR Format,
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ def DbgPrint(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("DbgPrintEx", argc=_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def DbgPrintEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DbgPrintEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI ULONG DbgPrintEx(
           ULONG ComponentId,
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ def DbgPrintEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("_vsnprintf", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _vsnprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _vsnprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _vsnprintf(
             char *buffer,
@@ -199,11 +199,12 @@ def _vsnprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("vsprintf_s", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def vsprintf_s(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def vsprintf_s(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         return self._vsnprintf(emu, argv, ctx)
 
     @apihook("RtlAnsiStringToUnicodeString", argc=3)
-    def RtlAnsiStringToUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlAnsiStringToUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS RtlAnsiStringToUnicodeString(
             PUNICODE_STRING DestinationString,
@@ -247,7 +248,7 @@ def RtlAnsiStringToUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("RtlInitAnsiString", argc=2)
-    def RtlInitAnsiString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlInitAnsiString(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI VOID RtlInitAnsiString(
             PANSI_STRING DestinationString,
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ def RtlInitAnsiString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         argv[1] = ansi_str
 
     @apihook("RtlInitUnicodeString", argc=2)
-    def RtlInitUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlInitUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI VOID RtlInitUnicodeString(
             PUNICODE_STRING DestinationString,
@@ -298,7 +299,7 @@ def RtlInitUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         argv[1] = uni_str
 
     @apihook("RtlFreeUnicodeString", argc=1)
-    def RtlFreeUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlFreeUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI VOID RtlFreeUnicodeString(
             PUNICODE_STRING UnicodeString
@@ -314,7 +315,7 @@ def RtlFreeUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_free(us.Buffer)
 
     @apihook("ExAllocatePoolWithTag", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def ExAllocatePoolWithTag(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExAllocatePoolWithTag(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI PVOID ExAllocatePoolWithTag(
            POOL_TYPE PoolType,
@@ -336,7 +337,7 @@ def ExAllocatePoolWithTag(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return chunk
 
     @apihook("ExFreePoolWithTag", argc=2)
-    def ExFreePoolWithTag(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExFreePoolWithTag(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI VOID ExFreePoolWithTag(
             PVOID P,
@@ -354,7 +355,7 @@ def ExFreePoolWithTag(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_free(P)
 
     @apihook("ExAllocatePool", argc=2)
-    def ExAllocatePool(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExAllocatePool(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI PVOID ExAllocatePool(
             POOL_TYPE PoolType,
@@ -367,7 +368,7 @@ def ExAllocatePool(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return chunk
 
     @apihook("ExFreePool", argc=1)
-    def ExFreePool(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExFreePool(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void ExFreePool(
             addr
@@ -377,7 +378,7 @@ def ExFreePool(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_free(addr)
 
     @apihook("memmove", argc=3)
-    def memmove(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def memmove(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void *memmove(
             void *dest,
@@ -392,7 +393,7 @@ def memmove(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("IoDeleteDriver", argc=1)
-    def IoDeleteDriver(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoDeleteDriver(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID IoDeleteDriver(PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject)
         """
@@ -401,7 +402,7 @@ def IoDeleteDriver(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("IoCreateDevice", argc=7)
-    def IoCreateDevice(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoCreateDevice(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS IoCreateDevice(
             PDRIVER_OBJECT  DriverObject,
@@ -432,7 +433,7 @@ def IoCreateDevice(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("IoCreateDeviceSecure", argc=9)
-    def IoCreateDeviceSecure(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoCreateDeviceSecure(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS IoCreateDeviceSecure(
             _In_     PDRIVER_OBJECT   DriverObject,
@@ -463,7 +464,7 @@ def IoCreateDeviceSecure(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("IoCreateSymbolicLink", argc=2)
-    def IoCreateSymbolicLink(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoCreateSymbolicLink(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS IoCreateSymbolicLink(
             PUNICODE_STRING SymbolicLinkName,
@@ -482,7 +483,7 @@ def IoCreateSymbolicLink(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("IofCompleteRequest", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_FASTCALL)
-    def IofCompleteRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IofCompleteRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID IoCompleteRequest(
             _In_ PIRP  Irp,
@@ -495,7 +496,7 @@ def IofCompleteRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("IoDeleteSymbolicLink", argc=1)
-    def IoDeleteSymbolicLink(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoDeleteSymbolicLink(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS IoDeleteSymbolicLink(
         PUNICODE_STRING SymbolicLinkName
@@ -509,11 +510,11 @@ def IoDeleteSymbolicLink(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("KeInitializeMutex", argc=2)
-    def KeInitializeMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeInitializeMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("IoDeleteDevice", argc=1)
-    def IoDeleteDevice(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoDeleteDevice(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI VOID IoDeleteDevice(
             __drv_freesMem(Mem)PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject
@@ -525,7 +526,7 @@ def IoDeleteDevice(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("MmIsAddressValid", argc=1)
-    def MmIsAddressValid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MmIsAddressValid(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLEAN MmIsAddressValid(
         PVOID VirtualAddress
@@ -539,7 +540,7 @@ def MmIsAddressValid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ZwQuerySystemInformation", argc=4)
-    def ZwQuerySystemInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwQuerySystemInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WINAPI ZwQuerySystemInformation(
             _In_      SYSTEM_INFORMATION_CLASS SystemInformationClass,
@@ -669,7 +670,7 @@ def ZwQuerySystemInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("_allshl", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _allshl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _allshl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONGLONG _allshl
         (
@@ -683,7 +684,7 @@ def _allshl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("wcscpy", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcscpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcscpy(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         wchar_t *wcscpy(
                         wchar_t *strDestination,
@@ -699,7 +700,7 @@ def wcscpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(ws)
 
     @apihook("wcsncpy", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcsncpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcsncpy(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         wchar_t *wcsncpy(
             wchar_t *strDest,
@@ -715,7 +716,7 @@ def wcsncpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(ws)
 
     @apihook("RtlMoveMemory", argc=3)
-    def RtlMoveMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlMoveMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void RtlMoveMemory(
             void*       Destination,
@@ -726,7 +727,7 @@ def RtlMoveMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.memcpy(emu, argv)
 
     @apihook("memcpy", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def memcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def memcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void *memcpy(
             void *dest,
@@ -741,7 +742,7 @@ def memcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("memset", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def memset(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def memset(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void *memset(
             void *dest,
@@ -756,7 +757,7 @@ def memset(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("sprintf", argc=_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def sprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def sprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int sprintf(
             char *buffer,
@@ -780,7 +781,7 @@ def sprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("_snprintf", argc=_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _snprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _snprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _snprintf(
             char *buffer,
@@ -805,7 +806,7 @@ def _snprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("wcslen", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcslen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcslen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         size_t wcslen(
             const wchar_t *str
@@ -823,7 +824,7 @@ def wcslen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return slen
 
     @apihook("wcschr", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcschr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcschr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         wchar_t *wcschr(
                 const wchar_t *str,
@@ -847,7 +848,7 @@ def wcschr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("wcscat", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcscat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcscat(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         wchar_t *wcscat(
             wchar_t *strDestination,
@@ -870,7 +871,7 @@ def wcscat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("strrchr", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strrchr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strrchr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *strrchr(
             const char *str,
@@ -894,7 +895,7 @@ def strrchr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("strchr", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strchr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strchr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *strchr(
             const char *str,
@@ -918,7 +919,7 @@ def strchr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_wcsnicmp", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _wcsnicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _wcsnicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _wcsnicmp(
         const wchar_t *string1,
@@ -941,7 +942,7 @@ def _wcsnicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_stricmp", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _stricmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _stricmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _stricmp(
                 const char *string1,
@@ -966,7 +967,7 @@ def _stricmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_wcsicmp", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _wcsicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _wcsicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _wcsicmp(
             const wchar_t *string1,
@@ -988,7 +989,7 @@ def _wcsicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("PsCreateSystemThread", argc=7)
-    def PsCreateSystemThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PsCreateSystemThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS PsCreateSystemThread(
             PHANDLE            ThreadHandle,
@@ -1020,7 +1021,7 @@ def PsCreateSystemThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlCopyUnicodeString", argc=2)
-    def RtlCopyUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlCopyUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI VOID RtlCopyUnicodeString(
             PUNICODE_STRING  DestinationString,
@@ -1053,7 +1054,7 @@ def RtlCopyUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("RtlEqualUnicodeString", argc=3)
-    def RtlEqualUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlEqualUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI BOOLEAN RtlEqualUnicodeString(
             PCUNICODE_STRING String1,
@@ -1079,7 +1080,7 @@ def RtlEqualUnicodeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return int(rv)
 
     @apihook("IoAllocateIrp", argc=2)
-    def IoAllocateIrp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoAllocateIrp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PIRP IoAllocateIrp(
           CCHAR   StackSize,
@@ -1098,7 +1099,7 @@ def IoAllocateIrp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("IoFreeIrp", argc=1)
-    def IoFreeIrp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoFreeIrp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void IoFreeIrp(
           PIRP Irp
@@ -1109,7 +1110,7 @@ def IoFreeIrp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("IoReuseIrp", argc=2)
-    def IoReuseIrp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoReuseIrp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void IoReuseIrp(
           PIRP     Irp,
@@ -1121,7 +1122,7 @@ def IoReuseIrp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("IoAllocateMdl", argc=5)
-    def IoAllocateMdl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoAllocateMdl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PMDL IoAllocateMdl(
           __drv_aliasesMem PVOID VirtualAddress,
@@ -1148,7 +1149,7 @@ def IoAllocateMdl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ptr
 
     @apihook("MmProbeAndLockPages", argc=3)
-    def MmProbeAndLockPages(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MmProbeAndLockPages(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void MmProbeAndLockPages(
           PMDL            MemoryDescriptorList,
@@ -1159,7 +1160,7 @@ def MmProbeAndLockPages(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("KeDelayExecutionThread", argc=3)
-    def KeDelayExecutionThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeDelayExecutionThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS KeDelayExecutionThread(
               KPROCESSOR_MODE WaitMode,
@@ -1173,7 +1174,7 @@ def KeDelayExecutionThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("KeSetEvent", argc=3)
-    def KeSetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeSetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG KeSetEvent(
         PRKEVENT  Event,
@@ -1187,7 +1188,7 @@ def KeSetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("IoCreateSynchronizationEvent", argc=2)
-    def IoCreateSynchronizationEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoCreateSynchronizationEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI PKEVENT IoCreateSynchronizationEvent(
             PUNICODE_STRING EventName,
@@ -1207,7 +1208,7 @@ def IoCreateSynchronizationEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return evt.address
 
     @apihook("KeInitializeEvent", argc=3)
-    def KeInitializeEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeInitializeEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI VOID KeInitializeEvent(
             PRKEVENT   Event,
@@ -1219,7 +1220,7 @@ def KeInitializeEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("KeResetEvent", argc=1)
-    def KeResetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeResetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI LONG KeResetEvent(
             PRKEVENT Event
@@ -1230,7 +1231,7 @@ def KeResetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("KeClearEvent", argc=1)
-    def KeClearEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeClearEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI VOID KeClearEvent(
             PRKEVENT Event
@@ -1239,7 +1240,7 @@ def KeClearEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("KeInitializeTimer", argc=1)
-    def KeInitializeTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeInitializeTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI VOID KeInitializeTimer(
             PKTIMER Timer
@@ -1248,7 +1249,7 @@ def KeInitializeTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("KeSetTimer", argc=3)
-    def KeSetTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeSetTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI BOOLEAN KeSetTimer(
             PKTIMER       Timer,
@@ -1259,7 +1260,7 @@ def KeSetTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("PsLookupProcessByProcessId", argc=2)
-    def PsLookupProcessByProcessId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PsLookupProcessByProcessId(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS PsLookupProcessByProcessId(
             HANDLE    ProcessId,
@@ -1285,7 +1286,7 @@ def PsLookupProcessByProcessId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ObOpenObjectByPointer", argc=7)
-    def ObOpenObjectByPointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ObOpenObjectByPointer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS ObOpenObjectByPointer(
                 PVOID           Object,
@@ -1309,7 +1310,7 @@ def ObOpenObjectByPointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("PsGetProcessPeb", argc=1)
-    def PsGetProcessPeb(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PsGetProcessPeb(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI PPEB PsGetProcessPeb(
             PEPROCESS           Object,
@@ -1322,7 +1323,7 @@ def PsGetProcessPeb(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return peb.address
 
     @apihook("KeStackAttachProcess", argc=2)
-    def KeStackAttachProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeStackAttachProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI VOID KeStackAttachProcess(
             PRKPROCESS   PROCESS,
@@ -1336,7 +1337,7 @@ def KeStackAttachProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         emu.set_current_process(proc)
 
     @apihook("KeUnstackDetachProcess", argc=1)
-    def KeUnstackDetachProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeUnstackDetachProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI VOID KeUnstackDetachProcess(
             PRKAPC_STATE ApcState
@@ -1346,7 +1347,7 @@ def KeUnstackDetachProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("ZwProtectVirtualMemory", argc=5)
-    def ZwProtectVirtualMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwProtectVirtualMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS ZwProtectVirtualMemory(
             IN HANDLE ProcessHandle,
@@ -1370,7 +1371,7 @@ def ZwProtectVirtualMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ZwWriteVirtualMemory", argc=5)
-    def ZwWriteVirtualMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwWriteVirtualMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ZwWriteVirtualMemory(
             HANDLE ProcessHandle,
@@ -1406,7 +1407,7 @@ def ZwWriteVirtualMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ZwAllocateVirtualMemory", argc=6)
-    def ZwAllocateVirtualMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwAllocateVirtualMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         __kernel_entry NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS ZwAllocateVirtualMemory(
             HANDLE    ProcessHandle,
@@ -1438,7 +1439,7 @@ def ZwAllocateVirtualMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("PsLookupThreadByThreadId", argc=2)
-    def PsLookupThreadByThreadId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PsLookupThreadByThreadId(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS PsLookupThreadByThreadId(
             HANDLE   ThreadId,
@@ -1460,7 +1461,7 @@ def PsLookupThreadByThreadId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlGetVersion", argc=1)
-    def RtlGetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlGetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS RtlGetVersion(
             PRTL_OSVERSIONINFOW lpVersionInformation
@@ -1488,7 +1489,7 @@ def RtlGetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("KeWaitForSingleObject", argc=5)
-    def KeWaitForSingleObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeWaitForSingleObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS KeWaitForSingleObject(
             PVOID Object,
@@ -1504,7 +1505,7 @@ def KeWaitForSingleObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("KeInitializeApc", argc=8)
-    def KeInitializeApc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeInitializeApc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI VOID KeInitializeApc(
                     PKAPC Apc,
@@ -1517,6 +1518,7 @@ def KeInitializeApc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
                     PVOID NormalContext
                 );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         pApc, Thread, env, KernelRoutine, rundown, NormalRoutine, procmode, ctx = argv
 
         apc = self.win.KAPC(emu.get_ptr_size())
@@ -1532,7 +1534,7 @@ def KeInitializeApc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             apc.NormalContext = ctx
 
     @apihook("MmMapLockedPagesSpecifyCache", argc=6)
-    def MmMapLockedPagesSpecifyCache(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MmMapLockedPagesSpecifyCache(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID MmMapLockedPagesSpecifyCache(
             PMDL MemoryDescriptorList,
@@ -1553,7 +1555,7 @@ def MmMapLockedPagesSpecifyCache(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("KeInsertQueueApc", argc=4)
-    def KeInsertQueueApc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeInsertQueueApc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI BOOLEAN KeInsertQueueApc(
                 PKAPC Apc,
@@ -1567,7 +1569,7 @@ def KeInsertQueueApc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("KeInitializeDpc", argc=3)
-    def KeInitializeDpc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeInitializeDpc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void KeInitializeDpc(
         __drv_aliasesMem PRKDPC Dpc,
@@ -1580,7 +1582,7 @@ def KeInitializeDpc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("ObReferenceObjectByName", argc=8)
-    def ObReferenceObjectByName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ObReferenceObjectByName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS
             NTAPI
@@ -1620,7 +1622,7 @@ def ObReferenceObjectByName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("IoGetDeviceObjectPointer", argc=4)
-    def IoGetDeviceObjectPointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoGetDeviceObjectPointer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS IoGetDeviceObjectPointer(
             PUNICODE_STRING ObjectName,
@@ -1645,7 +1647,7 @@ def IoGetDeviceObjectPointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("PsTerminateSystemThread", argc=1)
-    def PsTerminateSystemThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PsTerminateSystemThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS PsTerminateSystemThread(
             NTSTATUS ExitStatus
@@ -1657,7 +1659,7 @@ def PsTerminateSystemThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("IoRegisterBootDriverReinitialization", argc=3)
-    def IoRegisterBootDriverReinitialization(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoRegisterBootDriverReinitialization(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void IoRegisterBootDriverReinitialization(
             PDRIVER_OBJECT       DriverObject,
@@ -1673,14 +1675,14 @@ def IoRegisterBootDriverReinitialization(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("KdDisableDebugger", argc=0)
-    def KdDisableDebugger(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KdDisableDebugger(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS KdDisableDebugger();"""
 
         rv = ddk.STATUS_DEBUGGER_INACTIVE
         return rv
 
     @apihook("KdChangeOption", argc=0)
-    def KdChangeOption(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KdChangeOption(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS KdChangeOption(
           KD_OPTION Option,
@@ -1696,7 +1698,7 @@ def KdChangeOption(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("MmGetSystemRoutineAddress", argc=1)
-    def MmGetSystemRoutineAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MmGetSystemRoutineAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DECLSPEC_IMPORT PVOID MmGetSystemRoutineAddress(
             PUNICODE_STRING SystemRoutineName
@@ -1710,7 +1712,7 @@ def MmGetSystemRoutineAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return addr
 
     @apihook("KeQuerySystemTime", argc=1)
-    def KeQuerySystemTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeQuerySystemTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void KeQuerySystemTime(
             PLARGE_INTEGER CurrentTime
@@ -1722,7 +1724,7 @@ def KeQuerySystemTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_write(CurrentTime, data)
 
     @apihook("RtlTimeToTimeFields", argc=2)
-    def RtlTimeToTimeFields(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlTimeToTimeFields(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI VOID RtlTimeToTimeFields(
             PLARGE_INTEGER Time,
@@ -1735,7 +1737,7 @@ def RtlTimeToTimeFields(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         sys_time
 
     @apihook("ExSystemTimeToLocalTime", argc=2)
-    def ExSystemTimeToLocalTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExSystemTimeToLocalTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void ExSystemTimeToLocalTime(
             PLARGE_INTEGER SystemTime,
@@ -1749,7 +1751,7 @@ def ExSystemTimeToLocalTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_write(LocalTime, int_sys_time.to_bytes(8, "little"))
 
     @apihook("CmRegisterCallbackEx", argc=6)
-    def CmRegisterCallbackEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CmRegisterCallbackEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS CmRegisterCallbackEx(
             PEX_CALLBACK_FUNCTION Function,
@@ -1766,7 +1768,7 @@ def CmRegisterCallbackEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CmRegisterCallback", argc=3)
-    def CmRegisterCallback(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CmRegisterCallback(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS CmRegisterCallback(
             PEX_CALLBACK_FUNCTION Function,
@@ -1782,7 +1784,7 @@ def CmRegisterCallback(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CmUnRegisterCallback", argc=1)
-    def CmUnRegisterCallback(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CmUnRegisterCallback(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS CmUnRegisterCallback(
             LARGE_INTEGER Cookie
@@ -1794,7 +1796,7 @@ def CmUnRegisterCallback(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("EtwRegister", argc=4)
-    def EtwRegister(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EtwRegister(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS EtwRegister(
             LPCGUID            ProviderId,
@@ -1814,7 +1816,7 @@ def EtwRegister(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlImageDirectoryEntryToData", argc=4)
-    def RtlImageDirectoryEntryToData(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlImageDirectoryEntryToData(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID IMAGEAPI ImageDirectoryEntryToData(
             PVOID   Base,
@@ -1835,7 +1837,7 @@ def RtlImageDirectoryEntryToData(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ZwOpenEvent", argc=3)
-    def ZwOpenEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwOpenEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS ZwOpenEvent(
         PHANDLE            EventHandle,
@@ -1862,7 +1864,7 @@ def ZwOpenEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ZwCreateEvent", argc=5)
-    def ZwCreateEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwCreateEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS ZwCreateEvent(
         PHANDLE            EventHandle,
         ACCESS_MASK        DesiredAccess,
@@ -1889,7 +1891,7 @@ def ZwCreateEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ExInitializeResourceLite", argc=1)
-    def ExInitializeResourceLite(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExInitializeResourceLite(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS ExInitializeResourceLite(
             PERESOURCE Resource
@@ -1900,13 +1902,13 @@ def ExInitializeResourceLite(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ddk.STATUS_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("KeEnterCriticalRegion", argc=0)
-    def KeEnterCriticalRegion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeEnterCriticalRegion(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTKERNELAPI VOID KeEnterCriticalRegion();"""
 
         return
 
     @apihook("ExAcquireResourceExclusiveLite", argc=2)
-    def ExAcquireResourceExclusiveLite(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExAcquireResourceExclusiveLite(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLEAN ExAcquireResourceExclusiveLite(
             PERESOURCE Resource,
@@ -1917,7 +1919,7 @@ def ExAcquireResourceExclusiveLite(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ExAcquireResourceSharedLite", argc=2)
-    def ExAcquireResourceSharedLite(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExAcquireResourceSharedLite(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLEAN ExAcquireResourceSharedLite(
             _Inout_ PERESOURCE Resource,
@@ -1928,7 +1930,7 @@ def ExAcquireResourceSharedLite(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ExReleaseResourceLite", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_FASTCALL)
-    def ExReleaseResourceLite(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExReleaseResourceLite(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID ExReleaseResourceLite(
             _Inout_ PERESOURCE Resource
@@ -1937,7 +1939,7 @@ def ExReleaseResourceLite(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("ExAcquireFastMutex", argc=1)
-    def ExAcquireFastMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExAcquireFastMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID ExAcquireFastMutex(
             _Inout_ PFAST_MUTEX FastMutex
@@ -1948,7 +1950,7 @@ def ExAcquireFastMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("ExReleaseFastMutex", argc=1)
-    def ExReleaseFastMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExReleaseFastMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID ExReleaseFastMutex(
             _Inout_ PFAST_MUTEX FastMutex
@@ -1959,7 +1961,7 @@ def ExReleaseFastMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("ObfReferenceObject", argc=1)
-    def ObfReferenceObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ObfReferenceObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI LONG_PTR ObfReferenceObject(
             PVOID Object
@@ -1968,7 +1970,7 @@ def ObfReferenceObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("RtlLengthRequiredSid", argc=1)
-    def RtlLengthRequiredSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlLengthRequiredSid(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI ULONG RtlLengthRequiredSid(
             ULONG SubAuthorityCount
@@ -1980,7 +1982,7 @@ def RtlLengthRequiredSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlInitializeSid", argc=3)
-    def RtlInitializeSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlInitializeSid(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS RtlInitializeSid(
             PSID                      Sid,
@@ -1994,7 +1996,7 @@ def RtlInitializeSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlSubAuthoritySid", argc=2)
-    def RtlSubAuthoritySid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlSubAuthoritySid(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI PULONG RtlSubAuthoritySid(
             PSID  Sid,
@@ -2007,7 +2009,7 @@ def RtlSubAuthoritySid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return sid
 
     @apihook("RtlCreateAcl", argc=3)
-    def RtlCreateAcl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlCreateAcl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS RtlCreateAcl(
             PACL  Acl,
@@ -2022,7 +2024,7 @@ def RtlCreateAcl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlSetDaclSecurityDescriptor", argc=4)
-    def RtlSetDaclSecurityDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlSetDaclSecurityDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS RtlSetDaclSecurityDescriptor(
             PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR SecurityDescriptor,
@@ -2038,7 +2040,7 @@ def RtlSetDaclSecurityDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ObSetSecurityObjectByPointer", argc=3)
-    def ObSetSecurityObjectByPointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ObSetSecurityObjectByPointer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ObSetSecurityObjectByPointer(IN PVOID Object,
                               IN SECURITY_INFORMATION SecurityInformation,
@@ -2052,7 +2054,7 @@ def ObSetSecurityObjectByPointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlCreateSecurityDescriptor", argc=2)
-    def RtlCreateSecurityDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlCreateSecurityDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS RtlCreateSecurityDescriptor(
             PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR SecurityDescriptor,
@@ -2066,7 +2068,7 @@ def RtlCreateSecurityDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlAddAccessAllowedAce", argc=4)
-    def RtlAddAccessAllowedAce(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlAddAccessAllowedAce(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS RtlAddAccessAllowedAce(
             PACL        Acl,
@@ -2082,7 +2084,7 @@ def RtlAddAccessAllowedAce(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("PoDeletePowerRequest", argc=1)
-    def PoDeletePowerRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PoDeletePowerRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void PoDeletePowerRequest(
             PVOID PowerRequest
@@ -2091,7 +2093,7 @@ def PoDeletePowerRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("IoWMIRegistrationControl", argc=2)
-    def IoWMIRegistrationControl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoWMIRegistrationControl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS IoWMIRegistrationControl(
             PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject,
@@ -2107,7 +2109,7 @@ def IoWMIRegistrationControl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ObMakeTemporaryObject", argc=1)
-    def ObMakeTemporaryObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ObMakeTemporaryObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI VOID ObMakeTemporaryObject(
             PVOID Object
@@ -2116,7 +2118,7 @@ def ObMakeTemporaryObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return None
 
     @apihook("RtlGetCompressionWorkSpaceSize", argc=3)
-    def RtlGetCompressionWorkSpaceSize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlGetCompressionWorkSpaceSize(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NT_RTL_COMPRESS_API NTSTATUS RtlGetCompressionWorkSpaceSize(
             USHORT CompressionFormatAndEngine,
@@ -2132,7 +2134,7 @@ def RtlGetCompressionWorkSpaceSize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ddk.STATUS_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("RtlDecompressBuffer", argc=6)
-    def RtlDecompressBuffer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlDecompressBuffer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NT_RTL_COMPRESS_API NTSTATUS RtlDecompressBuffer(
             USHORT CompressionFormat,
@@ -2169,7 +2171,7 @@ def RtlDecompressBuffer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("FsRtlAllocatePool", argc=2)
-    def FsRtlAllocatePool(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FsRtlAllocatePool(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void FsRtlAllocatePool(
             PoolType,
@@ -2181,7 +2183,7 @@ def FsRtlAllocatePool(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return chunk
 
     @apihook("IofCallDriver", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_FASTCALL)
-    def IofCallDriver(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IofCallDriver(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS IofCallDriver(
           PDEVICE_OBJECT        DeviceObject,
@@ -2200,7 +2202,7 @@ def IofCallDriver(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("IoSetCompletionRoutineEx", argc=7)
-    def IoSetCompletionRoutineEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoSetCompletionRoutineEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS IoSetCompletionRoutineEx(
           PDEVICE_OBJECT         DeviceObject,
@@ -2218,7 +2220,7 @@ def IoSetCompletionRoutineEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ExQueueWorkItem", argc=2)
-    def ExQueueWorkItem(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExQueueWorkItem(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DECLSPEC_DEPRECATED_DDK NTKERNELAPI VOID ExQueueWorkItem(
         __drv_aliasesMem PWORK_QUEUE_ITEM WorkItem,
@@ -2230,7 +2232,7 @@ def ExQueueWorkItem(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("ZwDeviceIoControlFile", argc=10)
-    def ZwDeviceIoControlFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwDeviceIoControlFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         __kernel_entry NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS NtDeviceIoControlFile(
             HANDLE           FileHandle,
@@ -2266,7 +2268,7 @@ def ZwDeviceIoControlFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("_snwprintf", argc=_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _snwprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _snwprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _snwprintf(
             wchar_t *buffer,
@@ -2295,7 +2297,7 @@ def _snwprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("ObReferenceObjectByHandle", argc=6)
-    def ObReferenceObjectByHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ObReferenceObjectByHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI NTSTATUS ObReferenceObjectByHandle(
             HANDLE                     Handle,
@@ -2320,7 +2322,7 @@ def ObReferenceObjectByHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("ObGetFilterVersion", argc=0)
-    def ObGetFilterVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ObGetFilterVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI
         USHORT
@@ -2331,7 +2333,7 @@ def ObGetFilterVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 256
 
     @apihook("ObRegisterCallbacks", argc=2)
-    def ObRegisterCallbacks(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ObRegisterCallbacks(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI
         NTSTATUS
@@ -2346,7 +2348,7 @@ def ObRegisterCallbacks(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("ZwDeleteKey", argc=1)
-    def ZwDeleteKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwDeleteKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS ZwDeleteKey(
             HANDLE KeyHandle
@@ -2358,7 +2360,7 @@ def ZwDeleteKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("ZwQueryInformationProcess", argc=5)
-    def ZwQueryInformationProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwQueryInformationProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         __kernel_entry NTSTATUS ZwQueryInformationProcess(
             IN HANDLE               ProcessHandle,
@@ -2399,14 +2401,14 @@ def ZwQueryInformationProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("IoGetCurrentProcess", argc=0)
-    def IoGetCurrentProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoGetCurrentProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTKERNELAPI PEPROCESS IoGetCurrentProcess();"""
 
         p = emu.get_current_process()
         return p.address
 
     @apihook("NtSetInformationThread", argc=4)
-    def NtSetInformationThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NtSetInformationThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         __kernel_entry NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS NtSetInformationThread(
             HANDLE          ThreadHandle,
@@ -2420,7 +2422,7 @@ def NtSetInformationThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("wcsnlen", argc=2)
-    def wcsnlen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcsnlen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """s
         ize_t wcsnlen(
            const wchar_t *str,
@@ -2436,7 +2438,7 @@ def wcsnlen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(ws)
 
     @apihook("IoRegisterShutdownNotification", argc=1)
-    def IoRegisterShutdownNotification(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoRegisterShutdownNotification(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS IoRegisterShutdownNotification(
           PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject
@@ -2448,7 +2450,7 @@ def IoRegisterShutdownNotification(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("IoUnregisterShutdownNotification", argc=1)
-    def IoUnregisterShutdownNotification(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoUnregisterShutdownNotification(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS IoRegisterShutdownNotification(
           PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject
@@ -2458,7 +2460,7 @@ def IoUnregisterShutdownNotification(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ddk.STATUS_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("KeAcquireSpinLockRaiseToDpc", argc=1)
-    def KeAcquireSpinLockRaiseToDpc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeAcquireSpinLockRaiseToDpc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         KIRQL KeAcquireSpinLockRaiseToDpc(
         _Inout_ PKSPIN_LOCK SpinLock
@@ -2470,7 +2472,7 @@ def KeAcquireSpinLockRaiseToDpc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return irql
 
     @apihook("MmUnlockPages", argc=1)
-    def MmUnlockPages(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MmUnlockPages(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void MmUnlockPages(
         PMDL MemoryDescriptorList
@@ -2480,7 +2482,7 @@ def MmUnlockPages(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("IoFreeMdl", argc=1)
-    def IoFreeMdl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IoFreeMdl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void IoFreeMdl(
         PMDL Mdl
@@ -2490,7 +2492,7 @@ def IoFreeMdl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("KeCancelTimer", argc=1)
-    def KeCancelTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KeCancelTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLEAN KeCancelTimer(
         PKTIMER Arg1
@@ -2500,7 +2502,7 @@ def KeCancelTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("PsGetVersion", argc=4)
-    def PsGetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PsGetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLEAN PsGetVersion(
             PULONG          MajorVersion,
@@ -2526,7 +2528,7 @@ def PsGetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("PsSetCreateProcessNotifyRoutineEx", argc=2)
-    def PsSetCreateProcessNotifyRoutineEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PsSetCreateProcessNotifyRoutineEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI
         NTSTATUS
@@ -2541,7 +2543,7 @@ def PsSetCreateProcessNotifyRoutineEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine", argc=1)
-    def PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI
         NTSTATUS
@@ -2555,7 +2557,7 @@ def PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("PsRemoveLoadImageNotifyRoutine", argc=1)
-    def PsRemoveLoadImageNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PsRemoveLoadImageNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI
         NTSTATUS
@@ -2569,7 +2571,7 @@ def PsRemoveLoadImageNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("PsSetCreateThreadNotifyRoutine", argc=1)
-    def PsSetCreateThreadNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PsSetCreateThreadNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI
         NTSTATUS
@@ -2583,7 +2585,7 @@ def PsSetCreateThreadNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("PsRemoveCreateThreadNotifyRoutine", argc=1)
-    def PsRemoveCreateThreadNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PsRemoveCreateThreadNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTKERNELAPI
         NTSTATUS
@@ -2597,7 +2599,7 @@ def PsRemoveCreateThreadNotifyRoutine(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("mbstowcs", argc=3)
-    def mbstowcs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def mbstowcs(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         size_t mbstowcs(
         wchar_t *wcstr,
@@ -2621,7 +2623,7 @@ def mbstowcs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ZwOpenKey", argc=3)
-    def ZwOpenKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwOpenKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS ZwOpenKey(
         PHANDLE            KeyHandle,
@@ -2648,7 +2650,7 @@ def ZwOpenKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ZwQueryValueKey", argc=6)
-    def ZwQueryValueKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwQueryValueKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS ZwQueryValueKey(
         HANDLE                      KeyHandle,
@@ -2699,7 +2701,7 @@ def ZwQueryValueKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ZwCreateFile", argc=11)
-    def ZwCreateFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwCreateFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         __kernel_entry NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS NtCreateFile(
             PHANDLE            FileHandle,
@@ -2783,7 +2785,7 @@ def ZwCreateFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("ZwOpenFile", argc=6)
-    def ZwOpenFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwOpenFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         __kernel_entry NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS NtOpenFile(
           PHANDLE            FileHandle,
@@ -2830,7 +2832,7 @@ def ZwOpenFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("ZwQueryInformationFile", argc=5)
-    def ZwQueryInformationFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwQueryInformationFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         __kernel_entry NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS NtQueryInformationFile(
             HANDLE                 FileHandle,
@@ -2860,7 +2862,7 @@ def ZwQueryInformationFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("RtlCompareMemory", argc=3)
-    def RtlCompareMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlCompareMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI SIZE_T RtlCompareMemory(
           const VOID *Source1,
@@ -2882,7 +2884,7 @@ def RtlCompareMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return i
 
     @apihook("RtlQueryRegistryValuesEx", argc=5)
-    def RtlQueryRegistryValuesEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlQueryRegistryValuesEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS RtlQueryRegistryValuesEx(
           ULONG                     RelativeTo,
@@ -2911,7 +2913,7 @@ def RtlQueryRegistryValuesEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ZwWriteFile", argc=9)
-    def ZwWriteFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwWriteFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         __kernel_entry NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS NtWriteFile(
             HANDLE           FileHandle,
@@ -2952,7 +2954,7 @@ def ZwWriteFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("ZwReadFile", argc=9)
-    def ZwReadFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwReadFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         __kernel_entry NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS NtReadFile(
             HANDLE           FileHandle,
@@ -2988,7 +2990,7 @@ def ZwReadFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nts
 
     @apihook("MmIsDriverVerifying", argc=1)
-    def MmIsDriverVerifying(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MmIsDriverVerifying(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LOGICAL MmIsDriverVerifying(
           _DRIVER_OBJECT *DriverObject
@@ -3001,7 +3003,7 @@ def MmIsDriverVerifying(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ZwCreateSection", argc=7)
-    def ZwCreateSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwCreateSection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS ZwCreateSection(
             PHANDLE            SectionHandle,
@@ -3048,7 +3050,7 @@ def ZwCreateSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ddk.STATUS_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("ZwUnmapViewOfSection", argc=2)
-    def ZwUnmapViewOfSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwUnmapViewOfSection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS ZwUnmapViewOfSection(
             HANDLE ProcessHandle,
@@ -3059,7 +3061,7 @@ def ZwUnmapViewOfSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("ZwMapViewOfSection", argc=10)
-    def ZwMapViewOfSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwMapViewOfSection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI NTSTATUS ZwMapViewOfSection(
             HANDLE          SectionHandle,
@@ -3159,7 +3161,7 @@ def ZwMapViewOfSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlAllocateHeap", argc=3)
-    def RtlAllocateHeap(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlAllocateHeap(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI PVOID RtlAllocateHeap(
             PVOID  HeapHandle,
@@ -3174,7 +3176,7 @@ def RtlAllocateHeap(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return block
 
     @apihook("ZwGetContextThread", argc=2)
-    def ZwGetContextThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwGetContextThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ZwGetContextThread(
             HANDLE    hThread,
@@ -3194,7 +3196,7 @@ def ZwGetContextThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("ZwSetContextThread", argc=2)
-    def ZwSetContextThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ZwSetContextThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ZwSetContextThread(
             HANDLE    hThread,
@@ -3215,7 +3217,7 @@ def ZwSetContextThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("RtlFreeHeap", argc=3)
-    def RtlFreeHeap(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlFreeHeap(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI RtlFreeHeap(
             PVOID HeapHandle,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/usbd.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/usbd.py
index 9b847082..95d0600b 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/usbd.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/usbd.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("USBD_ValidateConfigurationDescriptor", argc=5)
-    def USBD_ValidateConfigurationDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def USBD_ValidateConfigurationDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         USBD_STATUS USBD_ValidateConfigurationDescriptor(
           PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR ConfigDesc,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/wdfldr.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/wdfldr.py
index d52bf24a..74415417 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/wdfldr.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/kernelmode/wdfldr.py
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ def parse_usb_config(self, data):
         return interfaces
 
     @apihook("WdfVersionBind", argc=4)
-    def WdfVersionBind(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfVersionBind(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS
         WdfVersionBind(
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ def WdfVersionBind(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfDriverCreate", argc=6)
-    def WdfDriverCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfDriverCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfDriverCreate(
           PWDF_DRIVER_GLOBALS DriverGlobals,
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ def WdfDriverCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfDeviceInitSetPnpPowerEventCallbacks", argc=3)
-    def WdfDeviceInitSetPnpPowerEventCallbacks(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfDeviceInitSetPnpPowerEventCallbacks(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WdfDeviceInitSetPnpPowerEventCallbacks(
           PWDFDEVICE_INIT               DeviceInit,
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ def WdfDeviceInitSetPnpPowerEventCallbacks(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("WdfDeviceInitSetRequestAttributes", argc=3)
-    def WdfDeviceInitSetRequestAttributes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfDeviceInitSetRequestAttributes(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WdfDeviceInitSetRequestAttributes(
           PWDFDEVICE_INIT        DeviceInit,
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ def WdfDeviceInitSetRequestAttributes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("WdfDeviceInitSetFileObjectConfig", argc=4)
-    def WdfDeviceInitSetFileObjectConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfDeviceInitSetFileObjectConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WdfDeviceInitSetFileObjectConfig(
           PWDFDEVICE_INIT        DeviceInit,
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ def WdfDeviceInitSetFileObjectConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("WdfDeviceInitSetIoType", argc=3)
-    def WdfDeviceInitSetIoType(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfDeviceInitSetIoType(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WdfDeviceInitSetIoType(
           PWDFDEVICE_INIT    DeviceInit,
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ def WdfDeviceInitSetIoType(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("WdfDeviceCreate", argc=4)
-    def WdfDeviceCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfDeviceCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfDeviceCreate(
           PWDFDEVICE_INIT        *DeviceInit,
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ def WdfDeviceCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfObjectGetTypedContextWorker", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_FASTCALL)
-    def WdfObjectGetTypedContextWorker(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfObjectGetTypedContextWorker(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID WdfObjectGetTypedContextWorker(
           WDFOBJECT                      Handle,
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ def WdfObjectGetTypedContextWorker(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfDriverOpenParametersRegistryKey", argc=5)
-    def WdfDriverOpenParametersRegistryKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfDriverOpenParametersRegistryKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfDriverOpenParametersRegistryKey(
           WDFDRIVER              Driver,
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def WdfDriverOpenParametersRegistryKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfRegistryQueryULong", argc=4)
-    def WdfRegistryQueryULong(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfRegistryQueryULong(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfRegistryQueryULong(
           WDFKEY           Key,
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ def WdfRegistryQueryULong(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfRegistryClose", argc=2)
-    def WdfRegistryClose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfRegistryClose(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WdfRegistryClose(
           WDFKEY Key
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ def WdfRegistryClose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("WdfDeviceSetPnpCapabilities", argc=3)
-    def WdfDeviceSetPnpCapabilities(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfDeviceSetPnpCapabilities(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WdfDeviceSetPnpCapabilities(
           WDFDEVICE                    Device,
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ def WdfDeviceSetPnpCapabilities(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("WdfIoQueueReadyNotify", argc=4)
-    def WdfIoQueueReadyNotify(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfIoQueueReadyNotify(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfIoQueueReadyNotify(
           WDFQUEUE               Queue,
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ def WdfIoQueueReadyNotify(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfDeviceCreateDeviceInterface", argc=4)
-    def WdfDeviceCreateDeviceInterface(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfDeviceCreateDeviceInterface(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfDeviceCreateDeviceInterface(
           WDFDEVICE        Device,
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ def WdfDeviceCreateDeviceInterface(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfIoQueueCreate", argc=5)
-    def WdfIoQueueCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfIoQueueCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfIoQueueCreate(
           WDFDEVICE              Device,
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ def WdfIoQueueCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfDeviceWdmGetAttachedDevice", argc=2)
-    def WdfDeviceWdmGetAttachedDevice(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfDeviceWdmGetAttachedDevice(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PDEVICE_OBJECT WdfDeviceWdmGetAttachedDevice(
           WDFDEVICE Device
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ def WdfDeviceWdmGetAttachedDevice(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbTargetDeviceCreateWithParameters", argc=5)
-    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceCreateWithParameters(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceCreateWithParameters(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfUsbTargetDeviceCreateWithParameters(
           WDFDEVICE                     Device,
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ def WdfUsbTargetDeviceCreateWithParameters(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfDeviceWdmGetDeviceObject", argc=2)
-    def WdfDeviceWdmGetDeviceObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfDeviceWdmGetDeviceObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PDEVICE_OBJECT WdfDeviceWdmGetDeviceObject(
           WDFDEVICE Device
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ def WdfDeviceWdmGetDeviceObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbTargetDeviceGetDeviceDescriptor", argc=3)
-    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceGetDeviceDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceGetDeviceDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WdfUsbTargetDeviceGetDeviceDescriptor(
           WDFUSBDEVICE           UsbDevice,
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ def WdfUsbTargetDeviceGetDeviceDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("WdfMemoryCreate", argc=7)
-    def WdfMemoryCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfMemoryCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfMemoryCreate(
           PWDF_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES Attributes,
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ def WdfMemoryCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbTargetDeviceSelectConfig", argc=4)
-    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceSelectConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceSelectConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfUsbTargetDeviceSelectConfig(
           WDFUSBDEVICE                         UsbDevice,
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ def WdfUsbTargetDeviceSelectConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbTargetDeviceRetrieveConfigDescriptor", argc=4)
-    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceRetrieveConfigDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceRetrieveConfigDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfUsbTargetDeviceRetrieveConfigDescriptor(
           WDFUSBDEVICE UsbDevice,
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ def WdfUsbTargetDeviceRetrieveConfigDescriptor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbInterfaceSelectSetting", argc=4)
-    def WdfUsbInterfaceSelectSetting(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbInterfaceSelectSetting(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfUsbInterfaceSelectSetting(
           WDFUSBINTERFACE                          UsbInterface,
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ def WdfUsbInterfaceSelectSetting(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbTargetDeviceGetNumInterfaces", argc=2)
-    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceGetNumInterfaces(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceGetNumInterfaces(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UCHAR WdfUsbTargetDeviceGetNumInterfaces(
           WDFUSBDEVICE UsbDevice
@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ def WdfUsbTargetDeviceGetNumInterfaces(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbInterfaceGetNumConfiguredPipes", argc=2)
-    def WdfUsbInterfaceGetNumConfiguredPipes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbInterfaceGetNumConfiguredPipes(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BYTE WdfUsbInterfaceGetNumConfiguredPipes(
           WDFUSBINTERFACE UsbInterface
@@ -708,7 +708,7 @@ def WdfUsbInterfaceGetNumConfiguredPipes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbInterfaceGetNumSettings", argc=2)
-    def WdfUsbInterfaceGetNumSettings(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbInterfaceGetNumSettings(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BYTE WdfUsbInterfaceGetNumSettings(
           WDFUSBINTERFACE UsbInterface
@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ def WdfUsbInterfaceGetNumSettings(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbTargetDeviceRetrieveInformation", argc=3)
-    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceRetrieveInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbTargetDeviceRetrieveInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS WdfUsbTargetDeviceRetrieveInformation(
           WDFUSBDEVICE                UsbDevice,
@@ -750,7 +750,7 @@ def WdfUsbTargetDeviceRetrieveInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbInterfaceGetConfiguredPipe", argc=4)
-    def WdfUsbInterfaceGetConfiguredPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbInterfaceGetConfiguredPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         WDFUSBPIPE WdfUsbInterfaceGetConfiguredPipe(
           WDFUSBINTERFACE           UsbInterface,
@@ -796,7 +796,7 @@ def WdfUsbInterfaceGetConfiguredPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbTargetPipeGetInformation", argc=3)
-    def WdfUsbTargetPipeGetInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbTargetPipeGetInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WdfUsbTargetPipeGetInformation(
           WDFUSBPIPE                Pipe,
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@ def WdfUsbTargetPipeGetInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("WdfUsbInterfaceGetInterfaceNumber", argc=2)
-    def WdfUsbInterfaceGetInterfaceNumber(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WdfUsbInterfaceGetInterfaceNumber(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BYTE WdfUsbInterfaceGetInterfaceNumber(
           WDFUSBINTERFACE UsbInterface
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/advapi32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/advapi32.py
index 84a26554..c8e84668 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/advapi32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/advapi32.py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def get_handle(self):
         return self.curr_handle
 
     @apihook("RegOpenKey", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def RegOpenKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegOpenKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LSTATUS RegOpenKeyA(
           HKEY   hKey,
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ def RegOpenKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           PHKEY  phkResult
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hKey, lpSubKey, phkResult = argv
         rv = windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ def RegOpenKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RegOpenKeyEx", argc=5, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def RegOpenKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegOpenKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LSTATUS RegOpenKeyEx(
           HKEY   hKey,
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@ def RegOpenKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           PHKEY  phkResult
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hKey, lpSubKey, ulOptions, samDesired, phkResult = argv
         rv = windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
@@ -138,7 +140,7 @@ def RegOpenKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RegQueryValueEx", argc=6, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def RegQueryValueEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegQueryValueEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LSTATUS RegQueryValueEx(
           HKEY    hKey,
@@ -149,6 +151,7 @@ def RegQueryValueEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPDWORD lpcbData
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hKey, lpValueName, lpReserved, lpType, lpData, lpcbData = argv
         rv = windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
@@ -215,7 +218,7 @@ def RegQueryValueEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RegSetValueEx", argc=6, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def RegSetValueEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegSetValueEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LSTATUS RegSetValueEx(
           HKEY       hKey,
@@ -226,6 +229,7 @@ def RegSetValueEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD      cbData
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hKey, lpValueName, _reserved, dwType, lpData, cbData = argv
 
@@ -273,7 +277,7 @@ def RegSetValueEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("RegCloseKey", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def RegCloseKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegCloseKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LSTATUS RegCloseKey(
           HKEY hKey
@@ -290,7 +294,7 @@ def RegCloseKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RegEnumKey", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def RegEnumKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegEnumKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LSTATUS RegEnumKey(
           HKEY  hKey,
@@ -299,6 +303,7 @@ def RegEnumKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD cchName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hKey, dwIndex, lpName, cchName = argv
 
@@ -309,7 +314,7 @@ def RegEnumKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RegEnumKeyEx", argc=8, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def RegEnumKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegEnumKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LSTATUS RegEnumKeyEx(
             HKEY      hKey,
@@ -322,6 +327,7 @@ def RegEnumKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             PFILETIME lpftLastWriteTime
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hKey, dwIndex, lpName, cchName, res, pcls, cchcls, last_write = argv
 
@@ -350,7 +356,7 @@ def RegEnumKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RegCreateKey", argc=3)
-    def RegCreateKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegCreateKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LSTATUS RegCreateKey(
             HKEY    hKey,
@@ -358,6 +364,7 @@ def RegCreateKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             PHKEY   phkResult
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hkey, lpSubKey, phkResult = argv
         rv = windefs.ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE
         if hkey:
@@ -380,7 +387,7 @@ def RegCreateKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RegCreateKeyEx", argc=9, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def RegCreateKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegCreateKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LSTATUS RegCreateKeyExA(
           HKEY                  hKey,
@@ -394,6 +401,7 @@ def RegCreateKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPDWORD               lpdwDisposition
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hKey, lpSubKey, _reserved, _lpClass, _dwOptions, _samDesired, _sa, phkResult, lpdwDisposition = argv
 
         key_path = ""
@@ -432,13 +440,14 @@ def RegCreateKeyEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("RegDeleteValue", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def RegDeleteValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegDeleteValue(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LSTATUS RegDeleteValueA(
           HKEY   hKey,
           LPCSTR lpValueName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hKey, lpValueName = argv
 
         key = self.reg_get_key(hKey)
@@ -459,7 +468,7 @@ def RegDeleteValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("RegQueryInfoKey", argc=12, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def RegQueryInfoKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegQueryInfoKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         # TODO: stub
         """
         LSTATUS RegQueryInfoKeyA(
@@ -506,7 +515,7 @@ def RegQueryInfoKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("OpenProcessToken", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def OpenProcessToken(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OpenProcessToken(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL OpenProcessToken(
           HANDLE  ProcessHandle,
@@ -538,7 +547,7 @@ def OpenProcessToken(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("OpenThreadToken", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def OpenThreadToken(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OpenThreadToken(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL OpenThreadToken(
             HANDLE  ThreadHandle,
@@ -571,7 +580,7 @@ def OpenThreadToken(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("DuplicateTokenEx", argc=6, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def DuplicateTokenEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DuplicateTokenEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL DuplicateTokenEx(
           HANDLE                       hExistingToken,
@@ -603,7 +612,7 @@ def DuplicateTokenEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("SetTokenInformation", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def SetTokenInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetTokenInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetTokenInformation(
           HANDLE                  TokenHandle,
@@ -620,12 +629,13 @@ def SetTokenInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("StartServiceCtrlDispatcher", argc=1)
-    def StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(
           const SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY *lpServiceStartTable
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (lpServiceStartTable,) = argv
 
         try:
@@ -666,7 +676,7 @@ def StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RegisterServiceCtrlHandler", argc=2)
-    def RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE RegisterServiceCtrlHandlerA(
             LPCSTR             lpServiceName,
@@ -684,7 +694,7 @@ def RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.service_status_handle
 
     @apihook("RegisterServiceCtrlHandlerEx", argc=3)
-    def RegisterServiceCtrlHandlerEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegisterServiceCtrlHandlerEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE RegisterServiceCtrlHandlerExA(
             LPCSTR                lpServiceName,
@@ -692,12 +702,13 @@ def RegisterServiceCtrlHandlerEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPVOID                lpContext
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpServiceName, lpHandlerProc, lpContext = argv
 
         return self.RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(self, emu, [lpServiceName, lpHandlerProc], ctx)
 
     @apihook("SetServiceStatus", argc=2)
-    def SetServiceStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetServiceStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetServiceStatus(
             SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE hServiceStatus,
@@ -712,14 +723,14 @@ def SetServiceStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0x1
 
     @apihook("RevertToSelf", argc=0)
-    def RevertToSelf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RevertToSelf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL RevertToSelf();
         """
         return 1
 
     @apihook("ImpersonateLoggedOnUser", argc=1)
-    def ImpersonateLoggedOnUser(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ImpersonateLoggedOnUser(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ImpersonateLoggedOnUser(
         HANDLE hToken
@@ -728,7 +739,7 @@ def ImpersonateLoggedOnUser(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("OpenSCManager", argc=3)
-    def OpenSCManager(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OpenSCManager(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SC_HANDLE OpenSCManager(
           LPCSTR lpMachineName,
@@ -744,7 +755,7 @@ def OpenSCManager(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hScm
 
     @apihook("CreateService", argc=13)
-    def CreateService(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateService(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SC_HANDLE CreateServiceA(
           SC_HANDLE hSCManager,
@@ -762,6 +773,7 @@ def CreateService(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPCSTR    lpPassword
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (
             hScm,
             svc_name,
@@ -796,7 +808,7 @@ def CreateService(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hSvc
 
     @apihook("StartService", argc=3)
-    def StartService(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def StartService(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL StartService(
           SC_HANDLE hService,
@@ -813,11 +825,12 @@ def StartService(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("StartServiceA", argc=3)
-    def StartServiceA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def StartServiceA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         return self.StartService(emu, argv, ctx)
 
     @apihook("ControlService", argc=3)
-    def ControlService(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ControlService(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ControlService(
           [in]  SC_HANDLE        hService,
@@ -834,7 +847,7 @@ def ControlService(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("QueryServiceStatus", argc=2)
-    def QueryServiceStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def QueryServiceStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL QueryServiceStatus(
           SC_HANDLE        hService,
@@ -865,7 +878,7 @@ def QueryServiceStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
     @apihook("QueryServiceConfig", argc=4)
     @apihook("QueryServiceConfigA", argc=4)
     @apihook("QueryServiceConfigW", argc=4)
-    def QueryServiceConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def QueryServiceConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL QueryServiceConfigA(
           SC_HANDLE               hService,
@@ -906,7 +919,7 @@ def QueryServiceConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CloseServiceHandle", argc=1)
-    def CloseServiceHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CloseServiceHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CloseServiceHandle(
           SC_HANDLE hSCObject
@@ -923,7 +936,7 @@ def CloseServiceHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ChangeServiceConfig", argc=11)
-    def ChangeServiceConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ChangeServiceConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ChangeServiceConfigA(
           SC_HANDLE hService,
@@ -939,6 +952,7 @@ def ChangeServiceConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPCSTR    lpDisplayName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (
             _hService,
             _dwServiceType,
@@ -972,7 +986,7 @@ def ChangeServiceConfig(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("ChangeServiceConfig2", argc=3)
-    def ChangeServiceConfig2(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ChangeServiceConfig2(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ChangeServiceConfig2(
           SC_HANDLE hService,
@@ -989,7 +1003,7 @@ def ChangeServiceConfig2(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("SystemFunction036", argc=2)
-    def RtlGenRandom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlGenRandom(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLEAN RtlGenRandom(
             PVOID RandomBuffer,
@@ -1007,7 +1021,7 @@ def RtlGenRandom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CryptAcquireContext", argc=5)
-    def CryptAcquireContext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CryptAcquireContext(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CryptAcquireContext(
             HCRYPTPROV *phProv,
@@ -1017,6 +1031,7 @@ def CryptAcquireContext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             DWORD      dwFlags
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         phProv, szContainer, szProvider, dwProvType, dwFlags = argv
         cont_str, prov_str = "", ""
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -1040,7 +1055,7 @@ def CryptAcquireContext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CryptGenRandom", argc=3)
-    def CryptGenRandom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CryptGenRandom(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CryptGenRandom(
             HCRYPTPROV hProv,
@@ -1059,7 +1074,7 @@ def CryptGenRandom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("AllocateAndInitializeSid", argc=11)
-    def AllocateAndInitializeSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def AllocateAndInitializeSid(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL AllocateAndInitializeSid(
             PSID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY pIdentifierAuthority,
@@ -1086,7 +1101,7 @@ def AllocateAndInitializeSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CheckTokenMembership", argc=3)
-    def CheckTokenMembership(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CheckTokenMembership(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CheckTokenMembership(
             HANDLE TokenHandle,
@@ -1103,7 +1118,7 @@ def CheckTokenMembership(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FreeSid", argc=1)
-    def FreeSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FreeSid(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID FreeSid(
             PSID pSid
@@ -1118,7 +1133,7 @@ def FreeSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CryptReleaseContext", argc=2)
-    def CryptReleaseContext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CryptReleaseContext(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CryptReleaseContext(
             HCRYPTPROV hProv,
@@ -1134,12 +1149,13 @@ def CryptReleaseContext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetCurrentHwProfile", argc=1)
-    def GetCurrentHwProfile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCurrentHwProfile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetCurrentHwProfileA(
           LPHW_PROFILE_INFOA lpHwProfileInfo
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (lpHwProfileInfo,) = argv
 
         if not lpHwProfileInfo:
@@ -1167,13 +1183,14 @@ def GetCurrentHwProfile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetUserName", argc=2)
-    def GetUserName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetUserName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetUserName(
             LPSTR   lpBuffer,
             LPDWORD pcbBuffer
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpBuffer, pcbBuffer = argv
         rv = False
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -1194,7 +1211,7 @@ def GetUserName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("LookupPrivilegeValue", argc=3)
-    def LookupPrivilegeValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LookupPrivilegeValue(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL LookupPrivilegeValue(
             LPCSTR lpSystemName,
@@ -1202,6 +1219,7 @@ def LookupPrivilegeValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             PLUID  lpLuid
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         sysname, name, luid = argv
         rv = False
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -1217,7 +1235,7 @@ def LookupPrivilegeValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("AdjustTokenPrivileges", argc=6)
-    def AdjustTokenPrivileges(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def AdjustTokenPrivileges(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL AdjustTokenPrivileges(
             HANDLE            TokenHandle,
@@ -1233,7 +1251,7 @@ def AdjustTokenPrivileges(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetTokenInformation", argc=5)
-    def GetTokenInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetTokenInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetTokenInformation(
             HANDLE                  TokenHandle,
@@ -1258,7 +1276,7 @@ def GetTokenInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("EqualSid", argc=2)
-    def EqualSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EqualSid(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL EqualSid(
             PSID pSid1,
@@ -1277,7 +1295,7 @@ def EqualSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetSidIdentifierAuthority", argc=1)
-    def GetSidIdentifierAuthority(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSidIdentifierAuthority(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PSID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY GetSidIdentifierAuthority(
           [in] PSID pSid
@@ -1289,7 +1307,7 @@ def GetSidIdentifierAuthority(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return sid + 2
 
     @apihook("GetSidSubAuthorityCount", argc=1)
-    def GetSidSubAuthorityCount(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSidSubAuthorityCount(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PUCHAR GetSidSubAuthorityCount(
             PSID pSid
@@ -1304,7 +1322,7 @@ def GetSidSubAuthorityCount(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetSidSubAuthority", argc=2)
-    def GetSidSubAuthority(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSidSubAuthority(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PDWORD GetSidSubAuthority(
           [in] PSID  pSid,
@@ -1317,7 +1335,7 @@ def GetSidSubAuthority(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return sid + 8 + (nsub * 4)
 
     @apihook("LookupAccountName", argc=7)
-    def LookupAccountName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LookupAccountName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL LookupAccountNameA(
           [in, optional]  LPCSTR        lpSystemName,
@@ -1329,6 +1347,7 @@ def LookupAccountName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           [out]           PSID_NAME_USE peUse
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         ptr_sysname, ptr_acctname, ptr_sid, ptr_cbsid, ptr_domname, ptr_cchdomname, ptr_peuse = argv
         rv = 0
@@ -1391,7 +1410,7 @@ def LookupAccountName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("LookupAccountSid", argc=7)
-    def LookupAccountSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LookupAccountSid(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL LookupAccountSid(
             LPCSTR        lpSystemName,
@@ -1403,6 +1422,7 @@ def LookupAccountSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             PSID_NAME_USE peUse
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         sysname, sid, name, cchname, domname, cchdomname, peuse = argv
         rv = False
 
@@ -1428,7 +1448,7 @@ def LookupAccountSid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CreateProcessAsUser", argc=11, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def CreateProcessAsUser(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateProcessAsUser(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CreateProcessAsUser(
           HANDLE                hToken,
@@ -1444,6 +1464,7 @@ def CreateProcessAsUser(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPPROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         token, app, cmd, pa, ta, inherit, flags, env, cd, si, ppi = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -1479,7 +1500,7 @@ def CreateProcessAsUser(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CryptCreateHash", argc=5)
-    def CryptCreateHash(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CryptCreateHash(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CryptCreateHash(
           HCRYPTPROV hProv,
@@ -1514,7 +1535,7 @@ def CryptCreateHash(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CryptHashData", argc=4)
-    def CryptHashData(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CryptHashData(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CryptHashData(
           HCRYPTHASH hHash,
@@ -1538,7 +1559,7 @@ def CryptHashData(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CryptGetHashParam", argc=5)
-    def CryptGetHashParam(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CryptGetHashParam(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CryptGetHashParam(
           HCRYPTHASH hHash,
@@ -1558,7 +1579,7 @@ def CryptGetHashParam(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CryptDestroyHash", argc=1)
-    def CryptDestroyHash(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CryptDestroyHash(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CryptDestroyHash(
           HCRYPTHASH hHash
@@ -1567,7 +1588,7 @@ def CryptDestroyHash(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CryptDeriveKey", argc=5)
-    def CryptDeriveKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CryptDeriveKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CryptDeriveKey(
           HCRYPTPROV hProv,
@@ -1612,7 +1633,7 @@ def CryptDeriveKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CryptDecrypt", argc=6)
-    def CryptDecrypt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CryptDecrypt(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CryptDecrypt(
           HCRYPTKEY  hKey,
@@ -1660,7 +1681,7 @@ def CryptDecrypt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("RegGetValue", argc=7, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def RegGetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegGetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LSTATUS RegGetValueW(
             HKEY    hkey,
@@ -1672,6 +1693,7 @@ def RegGetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPDWORD pcbData
             );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hKey, lpSubKey, lpValue, dwFlags, lpType, lpData, lpcbData = argv
         rv = windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
@@ -1727,7 +1749,7 @@ def RegGetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("EnumServicesStatus", argc=8, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def EnumServicesStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EnumServicesStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL EnumServicesStatusA(
           SC_HANDLE              hSCManager,
@@ -1763,7 +1785,7 @@ def EnumServicesStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("OpenService", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def OpenService(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OpenService(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SC_HANDLE OpenServiceA(
           SC_HANDLE hSCManager,
@@ -1771,6 +1793,7 @@ def OpenService(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD     dwDesiredAccess
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hSCManager, lpServiceName, dwDesiredAccess = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         svcname = self.read_mem_string(lpServiceName, cw)
@@ -1778,7 +1801,7 @@ def OpenService(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("DeleteService", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def DeleteService(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DeleteService(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL DeleteService(
           SC_HANDLE hService
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/advpack.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/advpack.py
index c4c8c183..990a3c99 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/advpack.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/advpack.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("IsNTAdmin", argc=2)
-    def IsNTAdmin(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsNTAdmin(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         bool IsNTAdmin();
         """
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/bcrypt.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/bcrypt.py
index 513299a7..5d14570b 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/bcrypt.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/bcrypt.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("BCryptOpenAlgorithmProvider", argc=4)
-    def BCryptOpenAlgorithmProvider(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def BCryptOpenAlgorithmProvider(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS BCryptOpenAlgorithmProvider(
           BCRYPT_ALG_HANDLE *phAlgorithm,
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def BCryptOpenAlgorithmProvider(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ntdefs.STATUS_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("BCryptImportKeyPair", argc=7)
-    def BCryptImportKeyPair(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def BCryptImportKeyPair(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS BCryptImportKeyPair(
           BCRYPT_ALG_HANDLE hAlgorithm,
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ def BCryptImportKeyPair(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           ULONG             dwFlags
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hAlgorithm, hImportKey, pszBlobType, phKey, pbInput, cbInput, dwFlags = argv
 
         blob_type = self.read_wide_string(pszBlobType)
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ def BCryptImportKeyPair(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ntdefs.STATUS_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("BCryptCloseAlgorithmProvider", argc=2)
-    def BCryptCloseAlgorithmProvider(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def BCryptCloseAlgorithmProvider(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS BCryptCloseAlgorithmProvider(
           BCRYPT_ALG_HANDLE hAlgorithm,
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ def BCryptCloseAlgorithmProvider(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ntdefs.STATUS_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("BCryptGetProperty", argc=6)
-    def BCryptGetProperty(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def BCryptGetProperty(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS BCryptGetProperty(
           BCRYPT_HANDLE hObject,
@@ -126,12 +127,13 @@ def BCryptGetProperty(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ntdefs.STATUS_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("BCryptDestroyKey", argc=1)
-    def BCryptDestroyKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def BCryptDestroyKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS BCryptDestroyKey(
           BCRYPT_KEY_HANDLE hKey
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (hKey,) = argv
         cm = emu.get_crypt_manager()
         for hnd, ctx in cm.ctx_handles.items():
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/com_api.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/com_api.py
index 5e84d760..2c474bfb 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/com_api.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/com_api.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
 
     # First argument (self) is not reflected in method definitions; note this increases argc by 1
     @apihook("IUnknown.QueryInterface", argc=3)
-    def IUnknown_QueryInterface(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IUnknown_QueryInterface(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT QueryInterface(
             REFIID riid,
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def IUnknown_QueryInterface(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return comdefs.S_OK
 
     @apihook("IUnknown.AddRef", argc=1)
-    def IUnknown_AddRef(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IUnknown_AddRef(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ULONG AddRef();
         """
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def IUnknown_AddRef(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("IUnknown.Release", argc=1)
-    def IUnknown_Release(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IUnknown_Release(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ULONG Release();
         """
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def IUnknown_Release(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("IWbemLocator.ConnectServer", argc=9)
-    def IWbemLocator_ConnectServer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IWbemLocator_ConnectServer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT ConnectServer(
             const BSTR    strNetworkResource,
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ def IWbemLocator_ConnectServer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return comdefs.S_OK
 
     @apihook("IWbemServices.ExecQuery", argc=6)
-    def IWbemServices_ExecQuery(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IWbemServices_ExecQuery(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT ExecQuery(
             const BSTR           strQueryLanguage,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/comctl32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/comctl32.py
index 2b21eada..431e3f2d 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/comctl32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/comctl32.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         self.names = {}
 
     @apihook("InitCommonControlsEx", argc=1)
-    def InitCommonControlsEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InitCommonControlsEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL InitCommonControlsEx(
             const INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX *picce
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def InitCommonControlsEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("InitCommonControls", argc=0)
-    def InitCommonControls(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InitCommonControls(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void InitCommonControls();
 
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/crypt32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/crypt32.py
index d27f48a2..53abcb0d 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/crypt32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/crypt32.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("CryptStringToBinary", argc=7)
-    def CryptStringToBinary(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CryptStringToBinary(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CryptStringToBinaryA(
         LPCSTR pszString,
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ def CryptStringToBinary(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         DWORD  *pdwFlags
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
 
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/dnsapi.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/dnsapi.py
index bac2bf41..e2dc8e27 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/dnsapi.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/dnsapi.py
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         self.names = {}
 
     @apihook("DnsQuery_", argc=6)
-    def DnsQuery_(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DnsQuery_(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DNS_STATUS DnsQuery_A(
             PCSTR       pszName,
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ def DnsQuery_(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             PVOID       *pReserved
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         pszName, wType, Options, pExtra, ppQueryResults, pReserved = argv
         rv = windefs.ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/gdi32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/gdi32.py
index 5d1c02db..38e49e93 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/gdi32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/gdi32.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ def get_handle(self):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("CreateBitmap", argc=5)
-    def CreateBitmap(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateBitmap(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HBITMAP CreateBitmap(
             int        nWidth,
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ def CreateBitmap(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("MoveToEx", argc=1)
-    def MoveToEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MoveToEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL MoveToEx(
           HDC     hdc,
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def MoveToEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("LineTo", argc=1)
-    def LineTo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LineTo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL LineTo(
           HDC hdc,
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def LineTo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetStockObject", argc=1)
-    def GetStockObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetStockObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HGDIOBJ GetStockObject(
             int i
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def GetStockObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetMapMode", argc=1)
-    def GetMapMode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetMapMode(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetMapMode(
             HDC hdc
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def GetMapMode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetDeviceCaps", argc=2)
-    def GetDeviceCaps(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetDeviceCaps(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetDeviceCaps(
             HDC hdc,
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ def GetDeviceCaps(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 16
 
     @apihook("GdiSetBatchLimit", argc=1)
-    def GdiSetBatchLimit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GdiSetBatchLimit(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GdiSetBatchLimit(
           DWORD dw
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def GdiSetBatchLimit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("MaskBlt", argc=12)
-    def MaskBlt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MaskBlt(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL MaskBlt(
           HDC     hdcDest,
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ def MaskBlt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("BitBlt", argc=9)
-    def BitBlt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def BitBlt(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL BitBlt(
         HDC   hdc,
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ def BitBlt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("DeleteDC", argc=1)
-    def DeleteDC(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DeleteDC(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL DeleteDC(
         HDC hdc
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def DeleteDC(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("SelectObject", argc=2)
-    def SelectObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SelectObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HGDIOBJ SelectObject(
           HDC     hdc,
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ def SelectObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("DeleteObject", argc=1)
-    def DeleteObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DeleteObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL DeleteObject(
         HGDIOBJ ho
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ def DeleteObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CreateCompatibleBitmap", argc=3)
-    def CreateCompatibleBitmap(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateCompatibleBitmap(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HBITMAP CreateCompatibleBitmap(
         HDC hdc,
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ def CreateCompatibleBitmap(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("CreateCompatibleDC", argc=1)
-    def CreateCompatibleDC(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateCompatibleDC(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HDC CreateCompatibleDC(
         HDC hdc
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ def CreateCompatibleDC(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetDIBits", argc=7)
-    def GetDIBits(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetDIBits(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetDIBits(
         HDC          hdc,
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ def GetDIBits(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("CreateDIBSection", argc=6)
-    def CreateDIBSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateDIBSection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HBITMAP CreateDIBSection(
           [in]  HDC              hdc,
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ def CreateDIBSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("CreateDCA", argc=4)
-    def CreateDCA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateDCA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HDC CreateDCA(
         LPCSTR         pwszDriver,
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ def CreateDCA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetTextCharacterExtra", argc=1)
-    def GetTextCharacterExtra(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetTextCharacterExtra(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetTextCharacterExtra(
           HDC hdc
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ def GetTextCharacterExtra(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0x8000000
 
     @apihook("StretchBlt", argc=11)
-    def StretchBlt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def StretchBlt(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL StretchBlt(
           HDC   hdcDest,
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ def StretchBlt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("CreateFontIndirectA", argc=1)
-    def CreateFontIndirectA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateFontIndirectA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HFONT CreateFontIndirectA(
             const LOGFONTA *lplf
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ def CreateFontIndirectA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0x6000
 
     @apihook("GetObjectA", argc=3)
-    def GetObjectA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetObjectA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetObjectA(
             HANDLE h,
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ def GetObjectA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return c
 
     @apihook("WidenPath", argc=1)
-    def WidenPath(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WidenPath(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL WidenPath(
             HDC hdc
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/iphlpapi.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/iphlpapi.py
index 60233b49..797876c1 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/iphlpapi.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/iphlpapi.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         self.iphlpapi_types = iphlpapi_types
 
     @apihook("GetAdaptersInfo", argc=2)
-    def GetAdaptersInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetAdaptersInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         ptr_adapter_info, size_ptr = argv
         rv = 0
 
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/kernel32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/kernel32.py
index 11429907..f8b4d179 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/kernel32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/kernel32.py
@@ -241,14 +241,14 @@ def find_resource(self, pe, name, type_):
         return None
 
     @apihook("GetThreadLocale", argc=0)
-    def GetThreadLocale(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetThreadLocale(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LCID GetThreadLocale();
         """
         return 0xC000
 
     @apihook("SetThreadLocale", argc=1)
-    def SetThreadLocale(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetThreadLocale(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LCID SetThreadLocale(
             LCID Locale
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ def SetThreadLocale(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return lcid
 
     @apihook("IsValidLocale", argc=2)
-    def IsValidLocale(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsValidLocale(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsValidLocale(
             LCID  Locale,
@@ -271,18 +271,19 @@ def IsValidLocale(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("OutputDebugString", argc=1)
-    def OutputDebugString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OutputDebugString(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void OutputDebugStringA(
             LPCSTR lpOutputString
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (_str,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         argv[0] = self.read_mem_string(_str, cw)
 
     @apihook("GetThreadTimes", argc=5)
-    def GetThreadTimes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetThreadTimes(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetThreadTimes(
             HANDLE     hThread,
@@ -299,7 +300,7 @@ def GetThreadTimes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("GetProcessHeap", argc=0)
-    def GetProcessHeap(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetProcessHeap(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE GetProcessHeap();
         """
@@ -311,7 +312,7 @@ def GetProcessHeap(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return heap
 
     @apihook("GetProcessVersion", argc=1)
-    def GetProcessVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetProcessVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetProcessVersion(
             DWORD ProcessId
@@ -327,7 +328,7 @@ def GetProcessVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("DisableThreadLibraryCalls", argc=1)
-    def DisableThreadLibraryCalls(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DisableThreadLibraryCalls(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL DisableThreadLibraryCalls(
             HMODULE hLibModule
@@ -339,7 +340,7 @@ def DisableThreadLibraryCalls(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("CreateMutex", argc=3)
-    def CreateMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateMutex(
             LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpMutexAttributes,
@@ -347,6 +348,7 @@ def CreateMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPCSTR                lpName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         attrs, owner, name = argv
 
@@ -369,7 +371,7 @@ def CreateMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("CreateMutexEx", argc=4)
-    def CreateMutexEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateMutexEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateMutexExA(
           LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpMutexAttributes,
@@ -378,6 +380,7 @@ def CreateMutexEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD                 dwDesiredAccess
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         attrs, name, flags, access = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -399,10 +402,11 @@ def CreateMutexEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("LoadLibrary", argc=1)
-    def LoadLibrary(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LoadLibrary(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """HMODULE LoadLibrary(
           LPTSTR lpLibFileName
         );"""
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         (lib_name,) = argv
         hmod = windefs.NULL
@@ -417,7 +421,7 @@ def LoadLibrary(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hmod
 
     @apihook("CreateToolhelp32Snapshot", argc=2)
-    def CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(
             DWORD dwFlags,
@@ -495,13 +499,14 @@ def CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("Process32First", argc=2)
-    def Process32First(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def Process32First(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL Process32First(
             HANDLE           hSnapshot,
             LPPROCESSENTRY32 lppe
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         (
             hSnapshot,
@@ -535,13 +540,14 @@ def Process32First(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("Process32Next", argc=2)
-    def Process32Next(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def Process32Next(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL Process32Next(
             HANDLE           hSnapshot,
             LPPROCESSENTRY32 lppe
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         (
             hSnapshot,
@@ -577,7 +583,7 @@ def Process32Next(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("Thread32First", argc=2)
-    def Thread32First(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def Thread32First(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL Thread32First(
         HANDLE          hSnapshot,
@@ -609,7 +615,7 @@ def Thread32First(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("Thread32Next", argc=2)
-    def Thread32Next(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def Thread32Next(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL Thread32Next(
         HANDLE          hSnapshot,
@@ -643,13 +649,14 @@ def Thread32Next(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("Module32First", argc=2)
-    def Module32First(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def Module32First(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL Module32First(
           HANDLE          hSnapshot,
           LPMODULEENTRY32 lpme
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         (
             hSnapshot,
@@ -689,13 +696,14 @@ def Module32First(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("Module32Next", argc=2)
-    def Module32Next(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def Module32Next(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL Module32Next(
           HANDLE          hSnapshot,
           LPMODULEENTRY32 lpme
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         (
             hSnapshot,
@@ -736,7 +744,7 @@ def Module32Next(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("OpenProcess", argc=3)
-    def OpenProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OpenProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE OpenProcess(
             DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
@@ -764,7 +772,7 @@ def OpenProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("OpenMutex", argc=3)
-    def OpenMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OpenMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE OpenMutex(
             DWORD   dwDesiredAccess,
@@ -772,6 +780,7 @@ def OpenMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPCWSTR lpName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         access, inherit, name = argv
 
@@ -791,7 +800,7 @@ def OpenMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("TerminateProcess", argc=2)
-    def TerminateProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def TerminateProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL TerminateProcess(
             HANDLE hProcess,
@@ -810,7 +819,7 @@ def TerminateProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         rv = True
 
     @apihook("FreeLibraryAndExitThread", argc=2)
-    def FreeLibraryAndExitThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FreeLibraryAndExitThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void FreeLibraryAndExitThread(
             HMODULE hLibModule,
@@ -821,7 +830,7 @@ def FreeLibraryAndExitThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("ExitThread", argc=1)
-    def ExitThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExitThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void ExitThread(
             DWORD   dwExitCode
@@ -831,7 +840,7 @@ def ExitThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("WinExec", argc=2)
-    def WinExec(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinExec(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT WinExec(
             LPCSTR lpCmdLine,
@@ -853,12 +862,13 @@ def WinExec(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("LoadLibraryEx", argc=3)
-    def LoadLibraryEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LoadLibraryEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """HMODULE LoadLibraryExA(
           LPCSTR lpLibFileName,
           HANDLE hFile,
           DWORD  dwFlags
         );"""
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         lib_name, _, dwFlags = argv
 
@@ -896,7 +906,7 @@ def LoadLibraryEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hmod
 
     @apihook("CreateProcessInternal", argc=12)
-    def CreateProcessInternal(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateProcessInternal(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CreateProcessInternal(
           PVOID Reserved1,
@@ -913,6 +923,7 @@ def CreateProcessInternal(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           PVOID Reserved2
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         # Args are the same as CreateProcess except for argv[0] and argv[-1]
         _argv = argv[1:-1]
         rv = self.CreateProcess(emu, _argv, ctx)
@@ -920,7 +931,7 @@ def CreateProcessInternal(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CreateProcess", argc=10)
-    def CreateProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """BOOL CreateProcess(
           LPTSTR                lpApplicationName,
           LPTSTR                lpCommandLine,
@@ -933,6 +944,7 @@ def CreateProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPSTARTUPINFO         lpStartupInfo,
           LPPROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation
         );"""
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         app, cmd, pa, ta, inherit, flags, env, cd, si, ppi = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -974,7 +986,7 @@ def CreateProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("VirtualAlloc", argc=4)
-    def VirtualAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def VirtualAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """LPVOID WINAPI VirtualAlloc(
           _In_opt_ LPVOID lpAddress,
           _In_     SIZE_T dwSize,
@@ -1033,7 +1045,7 @@ def VirtualAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return buf
 
     @apihook("VirtualAllocEx", argc=5)
-    def VirtualAllocEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def VirtualAllocEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPVOID VirtualAllocEx(
           HANDLE hProcess,
@@ -1095,7 +1107,7 @@ def VirtualAllocEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return buf
 
     @apihook("WriteProcessMemory", argc=5)
-    def WriteProcessMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WriteProcessMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL WriteProcessMemory(
           HANDLE  hProcess,
@@ -1133,7 +1145,7 @@ def WriteProcessMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ReadProcessMemory", argc=5)
-    def ReadProcessMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ReadProcessMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ReadProcessMemory(
             HANDLE  hProcess,
@@ -1175,7 +1187,7 @@ def ReadProcessMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CreateRemoteThread", argc=7)
-    def CreateRemoteThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateRemoteThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateRemoteThread(
           HANDLE                 hProcess,
@@ -1223,7 +1235,7 @@ def CreateRemoteThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return handle
 
     @apihook("CreateThread", argc=6)
-    def CreateThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateThread(
             LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES   lpThreadAttributes,
@@ -1261,7 +1273,7 @@ def CreateThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return handle
 
     @apihook("ResumeThread", argc=1)
-    def ResumeThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ResumeThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD ResumeThread(
             HANDLE hThread
@@ -1300,7 +1312,7 @@ def ResumeThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("SuspendThread", argc=1)
-    def SuspendThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SuspendThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD SuspendThread(
             HANDLE hThread
@@ -1317,7 +1329,7 @@ def SuspendThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("TerminateThread", argc=2)
-    def TerminateThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def TerminateThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL TerminateThread(
           [in, out] HANDLE hThread,
@@ -1336,7 +1348,7 @@ def TerminateThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetThreadId", argc=1)
-    def GetThreadId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetThreadId(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetThreadId(
           HANDLE Thread
@@ -1355,7 +1367,7 @@ def GetThreadId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return obj.id
 
     @apihook("VirtualQuery", argc=3)
-    def VirtualQuery(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def VirtualQuery(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SIZE_T VirtualQuery(
             LPCVOID                   lpAddress,
@@ -1391,7 +1403,7 @@ def VirtualQuery(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return mbi.sizeof()
 
     @apihook("VirtualProtect", argc=4)
-    def VirtualProtect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def VirtualProtect(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """BOOL WINAPI VirtualProtect(
           _In_  LPVOID lpAddress,
           _In_  SIZE_T dwSize,
@@ -1436,7 +1448,7 @@ def VirtualProtect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("VirtualProtectEx", argc=5)
-    def VirtualProtectEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def VirtualProtectEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL VirtualProtectEx(
             HANDLE hProcess,
@@ -1446,6 +1458,7 @@ def VirtualProtectEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             PDWORD lpflOldProtect
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hProcess, lpAddress, dwSize, flNewProtect, lpflOldProtect = argv
 
         proc_obj = self.get_object_from_handle(hProcess)
@@ -1464,7 +1477,7 @@ def VirtualProtectEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("VirtualFree", argc=3)
-    def VirtualFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def VirtualFree(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL VirtualFree(
           LPVOID lpAddress,
@@ -1487,7 +1500,7 @@ def VirtualFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetCurrentProcess", argc=0)
-    def GetCurrentProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCurrentProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE GetCurrentProcess();
         """
@@ -1497,7 +1510,7 @@ def GetCurrentProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetVersion", argc=0)
-    def GetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NOT_BUILD_WINDOWS_DEPRECATE DWORD GetVersion();"""
 
         ver = self.emu.config.os_ver
@@ -1510,7 +1523,7 @@ def GetVersion(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetLastError", argc=0)
-    def GetLastError(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetLastError(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """DWORD WINAPI GetLastError(void);"""
 
         rv = emu.get_last_error()
@@ -1521,7 +1534,7 @@ def GetLastError(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("SetLastError", argc=1)
-    def SetLastError(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetLastError(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void SetLastError(
           DWORD dwErrCode
@@ -1534,7 +1547,7 @@ def SetLastError(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return None
 
     @apihook("SetHandleInformation", argc=3)
-    def SetHandleInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetHandleInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetHandleInformation(
           HANDLE hObject,
@@ -1549,7 +1562,7 @@ def SetHandleInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetHandleInformation", argc=2)
-    def GetHandleInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetHandleInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetHandleInformation(
           HANDLE  hObject,
@@ -1563,7 +1576,7 @@ def GetHandleInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ExitProcess", argc=1)
-    def ExitProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExitProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """void ExitProcess(
                 UINT uExitCode
         );"""
@@ -1572,7 +1585,7 @@ def ExitProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("SystemTimeToTzSpecificLocalTime", argc=3)
-    def SystemTimeToTzSpecificLocalTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SystemTimeToTzSpecificLocalTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SystemTimeToTzSpecificLocalTime(
             const TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION *lpTimeZoneInformation,
@@ -1583,7 +1596,7 @@ def SystemTimeToTzSpecificLocalTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("FileTimeToSystemTime", argc=2)
-    def FileTimeToSystemTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FileTimeToSystemTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL FileTimeToSystemTime(
             const FILETIME *lpFileTime,
@@ -1617,7 +1630,7 @@ def FileTimeToSystemTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("GetSystemTimeAsFileTime", argc=1)
-    def GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """void GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(
           LPFILETIME lpSystemTimeAsFileTime
         );"""
@@ -1634,13 +1647,14 @@ def GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("SystemTimeToFileTime", argc=2)
-    def SystemTimeToFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SystemTimeToFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SystemTimeToFileTime(
         const SYSTEMTIME *lpSystemTime,
         LPFILETIME       lpFileTime
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         lpSystemTime, lpFileTime = argv
         self.GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(emu, argv[1:], ctx)
@@ -1648,7 +1662,7 @@ def SystemTimeToFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("SetThreadErrorMode", argc=2)
-    def SetThreadErrorMode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetThreadErrorMode(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetThreadErrorMode(
             DWORD   dwNewMode,
@@ -1661,7 +1675,7 @@ def SetThreadErrorMode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("SetDefaultDllDirectories", argc=1)
-    def SetDefaultDllDirectories(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetDefaultDllDirectories(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetDefaultDllDirectories(
             DWORD DirectoryFlags
@@ -1671,12 +1685,13 @@ def SetDefaultDllDirectories(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("SetConsoleTitle", argc=1)
-    def SetConsoleTitle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetConsoleTitle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL WINAPI SetConsoleTitle(
         _In_ LPCTSTR lpConsoleTitle
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         (lpConsoleTitle,) = argv
         if lpConsoleTitle:
@@ -1686,7 +1701,7 @@ def SetConsoleTitle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("GetLocalTime", argc=1)
-    def GetLocalTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetLocalTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void GetLocalTime(
             LPSYSTEMTIME lpSystemTime
@@ -1695,7 +1710,7 @@ def GetLocalTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.GetSystemTime(emu, argv)
 
     @apihook("GetSystemTime", argc=1)
-    def GetSystemTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSystemTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void GetSystemTime(
             LPSYSTEMTIME lpSystemTime
@@ -1718,7 +1733,7 @@ def GetSystemTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("GetTimeZoneInformation", argc=1)
-    def GetTimeZoneInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetTimeZoneInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """DWORD GetTimeZoneInformation(
             LPTIME_ZONE_INFORMATION lpTimeZoneInformation
         );"""
@@ -1730,7 +1745,7 @@ def GetTimeZoneInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetCurrentThreadId", argc=0)
-    def GetCurrentThreadId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCurrentThreadId(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """DWORD GetCurrentThreadId();"""
 
         thread = emu.get_current_thread()
@@ -1739,7 +1754,7 @@ def GetCurrentThreadId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetCurrentProcessId", argc=0)
-    def GetCurrentProcessId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCurrentProcessId(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """DWORD GetCurrentProcessId();"""
 
         proc = emu.get_current_process()
@@ -1748,7 +1763,7 @@ def GetCurrentProcessId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("IsProcessorFeaturePresent", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def IsProcessorFeaturePresent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsProcessorFeaturePresent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """BOOL IsProcessorFeaturePresent(
               DWORD ProcessorFeature
         );"""
@@ -1818,11 +1833,12 @@ def IsProcessorFeaturePresent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("lstrcmpi", argc=2)
-    def lstrcmpi(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def lstrcmpi(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """int lstrcmpiA(
           LPCSTR lpString1,
           LPCSTR lpString2
         );"""
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
 
         string1, string2 = argv
@@ -1840,11 +1856,12 @@ def lstrcmpi(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("lstrcmp", argc=2)
-    def lstrcmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def lstrcmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """int lstrcmpiA(
           LPCSTR lpString1,
           LPCSTR lpString2
         );"""
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
 
         string1, string2 = argv
@@ -1862,7 +1879,7 @@ def lstrcmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("QueryPerformanceCounter", argc=1)
-    def QueryPerformanceCounter(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def QueryPerformanceCounter(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """BOOL WINAPI QueryPerformanceCounter(
           _Out_ LARGE_INTEGER *lpPerformanceCount
         );"""
@@ -1874,12 +1891,13 @@ def QueryPerformanceCounter(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("lstrlen", argc=1)
-    def lstrlen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def lstrlen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int lstrlen(
             LPCSTR lpString
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (src,) = argv
         try:
             cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -1892,7 +1910,7 @@ def lstrlen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(s)
 
     @apihook("GetModuleHandleEx", argc=3)
-    def GetModuleHandleEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetModuleHandleEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetModuleHandleExA(
             DWORD   dwFlags,
@@ -1900,6 +1918,7 @@ def GetModuleHandleEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             HMODULE *phModule
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         dwFlags, lpModuleName, phModule = argv
 
         hmod = self.GetModuleHandle(emu, [lpModuleName], ctx)
@@ -1909,10 +1928,11 @@ def GetModuleHandleEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hmod
 
     @apihook("GetModuleHandle", argc=1)
-    def GetModuleHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetModuleHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """HMODULE GetModuleHandle(
           LPCSTR lpModuleName
         );"""
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         (mod_name,) = argv
 
@@ -1938,7 +1958,7 @@ def GetModuleHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetProcAddress", argc=2)
-    def GetProcAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetProcAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """FARPROC GetProcAddress(
           HMODULE hModule,
           LPCSTR  lpProcName
@@ -1973,14 +1993,14 @@ def GetProcAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("AllocConsole", argc=0)
-    def AllocConsole(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def AllocConsole(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """BOOL WINAPI AllocConsole(void);"""
 
         # On success, return != 0
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetConsoleWindow", argc=0)
-    def GetConsoleWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetConsoleWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """HWND WINAPI GetConsoleWindow(void);"""
         hwnd = 0
 
@@ -1993,21 +2013,21 @@ def GetConsoleWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hwnd
 
     @apihook("Sleep", argc=1)
-    def Sleep(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def Sleep(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """void Sleep(DWORD dwMilliseconds);"""
         (millisec,) = argv
 
         return
 
     @apihook("SleepEx", argc=2)
-    def SleepEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SleepEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """DWORD SleepEx(DWORD dwMilliseconds, BOOL bAlertable);"""
         millisec, bAlertable = argv
 
         return
 
     @apihook("GlobalAlloc", argc=2)
-    def GlobalAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GlobalAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DECLSPEC_ALLOCATOR HGLOBAL GlobalAlloc(
           UINT   uFlags,
@@ -2022,7 +2042,7 @@ def GlobalAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return chunk
 
     @apihook("GlobalSize", argc=1)
-    def GlobalSize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GlobalSize(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SIZE_T GlobalSize(
           [in] HGLOBAL hMem
@@ -2043,7 +2063,7 @@ def GlobalSize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return size
 
     @apihook("GlobalFlags", argc=1)
-    def GlobalFlags(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GlobalFlags(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GlobalFlags(
         [in] HGLOBAL hMem
@@ -2063,7 +2083,7 @@ def GlobalFlags(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return flags
 
     @apihook("LocalAlloc", argc=2)
-    def LocalAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LocalAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DECLSPEC_ALLOCATOR HLOCAL LocalAlloc(
           UINT   uFlags,
@@ -2078,7 +2098,7 @@ def LocalAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return chunk
 
     @apihook("HeapAlloc", argc=3)
-    def HeapAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def HeapAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DECLSPEC_ALLOCATOR LPVOID HeapAlloc(
           HANDLE hHeap,
@@ -2096,7 +2116,7 @@ def HeapAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return chunk
 
     @apihook("HeapSize", argc=3)
-    def HeapSize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def HeapSize(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SIZE_T HeapSize(
           HANDLE  hHeap,
@@ -2119,7 +2139,7 @@ def HeapSize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return size
 
     @apihook("GetTickCount", argc=0)
-    def GetTickCount(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetTickCount(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetTickCount();
         """
@@ -2129,7 +2149,7 @@ def GetTickCount(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.tick_counter
 
     @apihook("GetTickCount64", argc=0)
-    def GetTickCount64(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetTickCount64(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ULONGLONG GetTickCount64();
         """
@@ -2139,13 +2159,14 @@ def GetTickCount64(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.tick_counter
 
     @apihook("lstrcat", argc=2)
-    def lstrcat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def lstrcat(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPSTR lstrcat(
           LPSTR  lpString1,
           LPCSTR lpString2
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpString1, lpString2 = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -2165,7 +2186,7 @@ def lstrcat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return lpString1
 
     @apihook("lstrcpyn", argc=3)
-    def lstrcpyn(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def lstrcpyn(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPSTR lstrcpynA(
           LPSTR  lpString1,
@@ -2173,6 +2194,7 @@ def lstrcpyn(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           int    iMaxLength
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         dest, src, iMaxLength = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -2186,13 +2208,14 @@ def lstrcpyn(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("lstrcpy", argc=2)
-    def lstrcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def lstrcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPSTR lstrcpyA(
           LPSTR  lpString1,
           LPCSTR lpString2
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         dest, src = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -2205,7 +2228,7 @@ def lstrcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("IsBadReadPtr", argc=2)
-    def IsBadReadPtr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsBadReadPtr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsBadReadPtr(
           const VOID *lp,
@@ -2227,7 +2250,7 @@ def IsBadReadPtr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("HeapReAlloc", argc=4)
-    def HeapReAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def HeapReAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DECLSPEC_ALLOCATOR LPVOID HeapReAlloc(
           HANDLE                 hHeap,
@@ -2253,7 +2276,7 @@ def HeapReAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return new_buf
 
     @apihook("LocalReAlloc", argc=3)
-    def LocalReAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LocalReAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DECLSPEC_ALLOCATOR HLOCAL LocalReAlloc(
           _Frees_ptr_opt_ HLOCAL hMem,
@@ -2278,7 +2301,7 @@ def LocalReAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return new_buf
 
     @apihook("HeapCreate", argc=3)
-    def HeapCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def HeapCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE HeapCreate(
           DWORD  flOptions,
@@ -2294,7 +2317,7 @@ def HeapCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return heap
 
     @apihook("GetCurrentThread", argc=0)
-    def GetCurrentThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCurrentThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE GetCurrentThread();
         """
@@ -2303,7 +2326,7 @@ def GetCurrentThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return emu.get_object_handle(obj)
 
     @apihook("TlsAlloc", argc=0)
-    def TlsAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def TlsAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD TlsAlloc();
         """
@@ -2318,7 +2341,7 @@ def TlsAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return idx
 
     @apihook("TlsSetValue", argc=2)
-    def TlsSetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def TlsSetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL TlsSetValue(
           DWORD  dwTlsIndex,
@@ -2343,7 +2366,7 @@ def TlsSetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("TlsGetValue", argc=1)
-    def TlsGetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def TlsGetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPVOID TlsGetValue(
           DWORD dwTlsIndex
@@ -2365,7 +2388,7 @@ def TlsGetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FlsAlloc", argc=1)
-    def FlsAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FlsAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD FlsAlloc(
           PFLS_CALLBACK_FUNCTION lpCallback
@@ -2382,7 +2405,7 @@ def FlsAlloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return idx
 
     @apihook("FlsSetValue", argc=2)
-    def FlsSetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FlsSetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL FlsSetValue(
           DWORD dwFlsIndex,
@@ -2410,7 +2433,7 @@ def FlsSetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FlsGetValue", argc=1)
-    def FlsGetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FlsGetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID FlsGetValue(
           DWORD dwFlsIndex
@@ -2431,7 +2454,7 @@ def FlsGetValue(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("EncodePointer", argc=1)
-    def EncodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EncodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID EncodePointer(
           _In_ PVOID Ptr
@@ -2445,7 +2468,7 @@ def EncodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("DecodePointer", argc=1)
-    def DecodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DecodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID DecodePointer(
            PVOID Ptr
@@ -2459,7 +2482,7 @@ def DecodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("InitializeCriticalSectionAndSpinCount", argc=2)
-    def InitializeCriticalSectionAndSpinCount(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InitializeCriticalSectionAndSpinCount(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL InitializeCriticalSectionAndSpinCount(
           LPCRITICAL_SECTION lpCriticalSection,
@@ -2473,7 +2496,7 @@ def InitializeCriticalSectionAndSpinCount(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("EnterCriticalSection", argc=1)
-    def EnterCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EnterCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void EnterCriticalSection(
           LPCRITICAL_SECTION lpCriticalSection
@@ -2483,7 +2506,7 @@ def EnterCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("LeaveCriticalSection", argc=1)
-    def LeaveCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LeaveCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void LeaveCriticalSection(
           LPCRITICAL_SECTION lpCriticalSection
@@ -2493,7 +2516,7 @@ def LeaveCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("InterlockedIncrement", argc=1)
-    def InterlockedIncrement(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InterlockedIncrement(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG InterlockedIncrement(
           LONG volatile *Addend
@@ -2511,7 +2534,7 @@ def InterlockedIncrement(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ival
 
     @apihook("InterlockedDecrement", argc=1)
-    def InterlockedDecrement(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InterlockedDecrement(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG InterlockedDecrement(
           LONG volatile *Addend
@@ -2529,10 +2552,11 @@ def InterlockedDecrement(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ival
 
     @apihook("GetCommandLine", argc=0)
-    def GetCommandLine(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCommandLine(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPTSTR GetCommandLine();
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         fn = ctx["func_name"]
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -2555,7 +2579,7 @@ def GetCommandLine(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return cmd_ptr
 
     @apihook("ExpandEnvironmentStrings", argc=3)
-    def ExpandEnvironmentStrings(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExpandEnvironmentStrings(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD ExpandEnvironmentStringsA(
             LPCSTR lpSrc,
@@ -2563,6 +2587,7 @@ def ExpandEnvironmentStrings(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             DWORD  nSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpSrc, lpDst, nSize = argv
         rv = 0
 
@@ -2586,10 +2611,11 @@ def ExpandEnvironmentStrings(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetEnvironmentStrings", argc=0)
-    def GetEnvironmentStrings(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetEnvironmentStrings(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPCH GetEnvironmentStrings();
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         out = ""
         fn = ctx["func_name"]
@@ -2611,7 +2637,7 @@ def GetEnvironmentStrings(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return env_ptr
 
     @apihook("FreeEnvironmentStrings", argc=1)
-    def FreeEnvironmentStrings(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FreeEnvironmentStrings(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL FreeEnvironmentStrings(
           LPCH penv
@@ -2625,7 +2651,7 @@ def FreeEnvironmentStrings(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("GetFullPathName", argc=4)
-    def GetFullPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetFullPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetFullPathNameA(
             LPCSTR lpFileName,
@@ -2634,6 +2660,7 @@ def GetFullPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPSTR  *lpFilePart
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         lpFileName, nBufferLength, lpBuffer, lpFilePart = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -2656,12 +2683,13 @@ def GetFullPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetStartupInfo", argc=1)
-    def GetStartupInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetStartupInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void GetStartupInfo(
           LPSTARTUPINFO lpStartupInfo
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         (lpStartupInfo,) = argv
 
@@ -2727,7 +2755,7 @@ def GetStartupInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return None
 
     @apihook("GetStdHandle", argc=1)
-    def GetStdHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetStdHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE WINAPI GetStdHandle(
           _In_ DWORD nStdHandle
@@ -2742,7 +2770,7 @@ def GetStdHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("GetFileType", argc=1)
-    def GetFileType(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetFileType(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetFileType(
           HANDLE hFile
@@ -2755,7 +2783,7 @@ def GetFileType(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return FILE_TYPE_DISK
 
     @apihook("SetHandleCount", argc=1)
-    def SetHandleCount(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetHandleCount(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT SetHandleCount(
           UINT uNumber
@@ -2768,7 +2796,7 @@ def SetHandleCount(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return uNumber
 
     @apihook("GetACP", argc=0)
-    def GetACP(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetACP(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GetACP();
         """
@@ -2778,7 +2806,7 @@ def GetACP(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return windows_1252
 
     @apihook("IsValidCodePage", argc=1)
-    def IsValidCodePage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsValidCodePage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsValidCodePage(
           UINT CodePage
@@ -2790,7 +2818,7 @@ def IsValidCodePage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("GetCPInfo", argc=2)
-    def GetCPInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCPInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetCPInfo(
           UINT     CodePage,
@@ -2807,7 +2835,7 @@ def GetCPInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("WideCharToMultiByte", argc=8)
-    def WideCharToMultiByte(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WideCharToMultiByte(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int WideCharToMultiByte(
           UINT                               CodePage,
@@ -2870,7 +2898,7 @@ def WideCharToMultiByte(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("MultiByteToWideChar", argc=6)
-    def MultiByteToWideChar(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MultiByteToWideChar(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int MultiByteToWideChar(
           UINT                              CodePage,
@@ -2925,7 +2953,7 @@ def MultiByteToWideChar(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetStringTypeA", argc=5)
-    def GetStringTypeA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetStringTypeA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetStringTypeA(
             LCID   Locale,
@@ -2935,11 +2963,12 @@ def GetStringTypeA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPWORD lpCharType
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         args = argv[1:]
         return self.GetStringTypeW(emu, args, ctx)
 
     @apihook("GetStringTypeW", argc=4)
-    def GetStringTypeW(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetStringTypeW(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetStringTypeW(
           DWORD                         dwInfoType,
@@ -2948,6 +2977,7 @@ def GetStringTypeW(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPWORD                        lpCharType
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         dwInfoType, lpSrcStr, cchSrc, lpCharType = argv
         rv = 0
 
@@ -3006,7 +3036,7 @@ def GetStringTypeW(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("LCMapString", argc=6)
-    def LCMapString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LCMapString(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int LCMapString(
           LCID    Locale,
@@ -3017,6 +3047,7 @@ def LCMapString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           int     cchDest
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         (Locale, dwMapFlags, lpSrcStr, cchSrc, lpDestStr, cchDest) = argv
 
@@ -3036,7 +3067,7 @@ def LCMapString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("LCMapStringEx", argc=9)
-    def LCMapStringEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LCMapStringEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int LCMapStringEx(
           LPCWSTR          lpLocaleName,
@@ -3068,7 +3099,7 @@ def LCMapStringEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetModuleFileName", argc=3)
-    def GetModuleFileName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetModuleFileName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetModuleFileName(
           HMODULE hModule,
@@ -3076,6 +3107,7 @@ def GetModuleFileName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD   nSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hModule, lpFilename, nSize = argv
         size = 0
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -3112,7 +3144,7 @@ def GetModuleFileName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return size
 
     @apihook("HeapFree", argc=3)
-    def HeapFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def HeapFree(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL HeapFree(
           HANDLE                 hHeap,
@@ -3128,7 +3160,7 @@ def HeapFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("LocalFree", argc=1)
-    def LocalFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LocalFree(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HLOCAL LocalFree(
             _Frees_ptr_opt_ HLOCAL hMem
@@ -3145,7 +3177,7 @@ def LocalFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GlobalHandle", argc=1)
-    def GlobalHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GlobalHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HGLOBAL GlobalHandle(
             LPCVOID pMem
@@ -3155,7 +3187,7 @@ def GlobalHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return pMem
 
     @apihook("GlobalUnlock", argc=1)
-    def GlobalUnlock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GlobalUnlock(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GlobalUnlock(
             HGLOBAL hMem
@@ -3164,7 +3196,7 @@ def GlobalUnlock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GlobalFree", argc=1)
-    def GlobalFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GlobalFree(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HGLOBAL GlobalFree(
             _Frees_ptr_opt_ HGLOBAL hMem
@@ -3173,13 +3205,14 @@ def GlobalFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetSystemDirectory", argc=2)
-    def GetSystemDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSystemDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GetSystemDirectory(
           LPSTR lpBuffer,
           UINT  uSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         rv = 0
         lpBuffer, uSize = argv
 
@@ -3207,7 +3240,7 @@ def GetSystemDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("IsDBCSLeadByte", argc=1)
-    def IsDBCSLeadByte(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsDBCSLeadByte(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsDBCSLeadByte(
             BYTE TestChar
@@ -3216,13 +3249,14 @@ def IsDBCSLeadByte(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("SetEnvironmentVariable", argc=2)
-    def SetEnvironmentVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetEnvironmentVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetEnvironmentVariable(
             LPCTSTR lpName,
             LPCTSTR lpValue
             );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpName, lpValue = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         if lpName and lpValue:
@@ -3234,12 +3268,13 @@ def SetEnvironmentVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("SetDllDirectory", argc=1)
-    def SetDllDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetDllDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetDllDirectory(
             LPCSTR lpPathName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (path,) = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -3249,17 +3284,18 @@ def SetDllDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("GetWindowsDirectory", argc=2)
-    def GetWindowsDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetWindowsDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GetWindowsDirectory(
             LPSTR lpBuffer,
             UINT  uSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         return self.GetSystemDirectory(emu, argv, ctx)
 
     @apihook("CreateFileMapping", argc=6)
-    def CreateFileMapping(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateFileMapping(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateFileMapping(
           HANDLE                hFile,
@@ -3270,6 +3306,7 @@ def CreateFileMapping(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPTSTR                lpName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hfile, map_attrs, prot, max_size_high, max_size_low, map_name = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -3287,7 +3324,7 @@ def CreateFileMapping(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hmap
 
     @apihook("MapViewOfFile", argc=5)
-    def MapViewOfFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MapViewOfFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPVOID MapViewOfFile(
           HANDLE hFileMappingObject,
@@ -3362,7 +3399,7 @@ def MapViewOfFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return buf
 
     @apihook("UnmapViewOfFile", argc=1)
-    def UnmapViewOfFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def UnmapViewOfFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL UnmapViewOfFile(
           LPCVOID lpBaseAddress
@@ -3382,7 +3419,7 @@ def UnmapViewOfFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetSystemInfo", argc=1)
-    def GetSystemInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSystemInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void GetSystemInfo(
             LPSYSTEM_INFO lpSystemInfo
@@ -3402,12 +3439,13 @@ def GetSystemInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("GetFileAttributes", argc=1)
-    def GetFileAttributes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetFileAttributes(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetFileAttributes(
             LPCSTR lpFileName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (fn,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         rv = windefs.INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES
@@ -3418,7 +3456,7 @@ def GetFileAttributes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetFileAttributesEx", argc=3)
-    def GetFileAttributesEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetFileAttributesEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetFileAttributesEx(
           LPCSTR                 lpFileName,
@@ -3426,6 +3464,7 @@ def GetFileAttributesEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPVOID                 lpFileInformation
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpFileName, fInfoLevelId, lpFileInformation = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -3473,7 +3512,7 @@ def GetFileAttributesEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("GetFileTime", argc=4)
-    def GetFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetFileTime(
           HANDLE     hFile,
@@ -3501,7 +3540,7 @@ def GetFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("SetFileTime", argc=4)
-    def SetFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetFileTime(
           HANDLE         hFile,
@@ -3514,13 +3553,14 @@ def SetFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("CreateDirectory", argc=2)
-    def CreateDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CreateDirectory(
             LPCSTR                lpPathName,
             LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         pn, sec = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
 
@@ -3530,12 +3570,13 @@ def CreateDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("RemoveDirectory", argc=1)
-    def RemoveDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RemoveDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL RemoveDirectoryA(
         [in] LPCSTR lpPathName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (pn,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
 
@@ -3546,7 +3587,7 @@ def RemoveDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("CopyFile", argc=3)
-    def CopyFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CopyFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CopyFile(
             LPCTSTR lpExistingFileName,
@@ -3554,6 +3595,7 @@ def CopyFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             BOOL    bFailIfExists
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         src, dst, fail = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
 
@@ -3599,13 +3641,14 @@ def CopyFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("MoveFile", argc=2)
-    def MoveFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MoveFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL MoveFile(
             LPCTSTR lpExistingFileName,
             LPCTSTR lpNewFileName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         src, dst = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
 
@@ -3655,7 +3698,7 @@ def MoveFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CreateFile", argc=7)
-    def CreateFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateFile(
           LPTSTR                lpFileName,
@@ -3667,6 +3710,7 @@ def CreateFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           HANDLE                hTemplateFile
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         fname, access, share, sec_attr, disp, flags, template = argv
         hnd = windefs.INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
 
@@ -3734,12 +3778,13 @@ def CreateFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("DeleteFile", argc=1)
-    def DeleteFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DeleteFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL DeleteFileW(
             LPCWSTR lpFileName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpFileName = argv[0]
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         if not lpFileName:
@@ -3758,7 +3803,7 @@ def DeleteFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             return 0
 
     @apihook("ReadFile", argc=5)
-    def ReadFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ReadFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ReadFile(
           HANDLE       hFile,
@@ -3806,7 +3851,7 @@ def _write_output(emu, data, pBuffer, pBytesRead):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WriteFile", argc=5)
-    def WriteFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WriteFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
          BOOL WriteFile(
           HANDLE       hFile,
@@ -3873,7 +3918,7 @@ def WriteFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("SetFilePointer", argc=4)
-    def SetFilePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetFilePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD SetFilePointer(
           HANDLE hFile,
@@ -3895,7 +3940,7 @@ def SetFilePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("SetFilePointerEx", argc=4)
-    def SetFilePointerEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetFilePointerEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetFilePointerEx(
         [in]            HANDLE         hFile,
@@ -3915,7 +3960,7 @@ def SetFilePointerEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return False
 
     @apihook("GetFileSize", argc=2)
-    def GetFileSize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetFileSize(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetFileSize(
           HANDLE  hFile,
@@ -3943,7 +3988,7 @@ def GetFileSize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return low
 
     @apihook("GetFileSizeEx", argc=2)
-    def GetFileSizeEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetFileSizeEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetFileSizeEx(
           HANDLE         hFile,
@@ -3964,7 +4009,7 @@ def GetFileSizeEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("CloseHandle", argc=1)
-    def CloseHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CloseHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CloseHandle(
           HANDLE hObject
@@ -3987,7 +4032,7 @@ def CloseHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("SetEndOfFile", argc=1)
-    def SetEndOfFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetEndOfFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetEndOfFile(
           HANDLE hFile
@@ -3996,7 +4041,7 @@ def SetEndOfFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("IsDebuggerPresent", argc=0)
-    def IsDebuggerPresent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsDebuggerPresent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsDebuggerPresent();
         """
@@ -4004,7 +4049,7 @@ def IsDebuggerPresent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return False
 
     @apihook("GetVolumeInformation", argc=8)
-    def GetVolumeInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetVolumeInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetVolumeInformation(
             LPCSTR  lpRootPathName,
@@ -4017,6 +4062,7 @@ def GetVolumeInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             DWORD   nFileSystemNameSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         root, vol_buf, vol_size, serial, comp_len, fs_flags, fs_name, fs_name_len = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -4027,7 +4073,7 @@ def GetVolumeInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("CreateEvent", argc=4)
-    def CreateEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateEvent(
             LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpEventAttributes,
@@ -4036,6 +4082,7 @@ def CreateEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPCSTR                lpName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         attrs, reset, state, name = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -4055,7 +4102,7 @@ def CreateEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("CreateWaitableTimer", argc=3)
-    def CreateWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateWaitableTimer(
             LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpTimerAttributes,
@@ -4063,6 +4110,7 @@ def CreateWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPCSTR                lpTimerName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         _attrs, _manual_reset, name = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -4083,7 +4131,7 @@ def CreateWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("CreateWaitableTimerEx", argc=4)
-    def CreateWaitableTimerEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateWaitableTimerEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateWaitableTimerEx(
             LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpTimerAttributes,
@@ -4092,6 +4140,7 @@ def CreateWaitableTimerEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             DWORD                 dwDesiredAccess
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         _attrs, name, _flags, _access = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -4112,7 +4161,7 @@ def CreateWaitableTimerEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("OpenWaitableTimer", argc=3)
-    def OpenWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OpenWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE OpenWaitableTimer(
             DWORD  dwDesiredAccess,
@@ -4120,6 +4169,7 @@ def OpenWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPCSTR lpTimerName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         _access, _inherit, name = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -4140,7 +4190,7 @@ def OpenWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("SetWaitableTimer", argc=6)
-    def SetWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetWaitableTimer(
             HANDLE               hTimer,
@@ -4162,7 +4212,7 @@ def SetWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("CancelWaitableTimer", argc=1)
-    def CancelWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CancelWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CancelWaitableTimer(
             HANDLE hTimer
@@ -4179,7 +4229,7 @@ def CancelWaitableTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("OpenEvent", argc=3)
-    def OpenEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OpenEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE OpenEvent(
             DWORD  dwDesiredAccess,
@@ -4187,6 +4237,7 @@ def OpenEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPCSTR lpName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         access, inherit, name = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -4207,7 +4258,7 @@ def OpenEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("SetEvent", argc=1)
-    def SetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetEvent(
             HANDLE hEvent
@@ -4224,7 +4275,7 @@ def SetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("SetUnhandledExceptionFilter", argc=1)
-    def SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(
           LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER lpTopLevelExceptionFilter
@@ -4237,7 +4288,7 @@ def SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("DeleteCriticalSection", argc=1)
-    def DeleteCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DeleteCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void DeleteCriticalSection(
           LPCRITICAL_SECTION lpCriticalSection
@@ -4247,7 +4298,7 @@ def DeleteCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return None
 
     @apihook("FlsFree", argc=1)
-    def FlsFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FlsFree(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL FlsFree(
           DWORD dwFlsIndex
@@ -4257,7 +4308,7 @@ def FlsFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("TlsFree", argc=1)
-    def TlsFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def TlsFree(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL TlsFree(
           DWORD dwTlsIndex
@@ -4267,7 +4318,7 @@ def TlsFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("ProcessIdToSessionId", argc=2)
-    def ProcessIdToSessionId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ProcessIdToSessionId(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ProcessIdToSessionId(
           DWORD dwProcessId,
@@ -4290,7 +4341,7 @@ def ProcessIdToSessionId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("InitializeCriticalSectionEx", argc=3)
-    def InitializeCriticalSectionEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InitializeCriticalSectionEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL InitializeCriticalSectionEx(
           LPCRITICAL_SECTION lpCriticalSection,
@@ -4303,7 +4354,7 @@ def InitializeCriticalSectionEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("InitializeCriticalSection", argc=1)
-    def InitializeCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InitializeCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void InitializeCriticalSection(
           LPCRITICAL_SECTION lpCriticalSection
@@ -4314,14 +4365,14 @@ def InitializeCriticalSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return None
 
     @apihook("GetOEMCP", argc=0)
-    def GetOEMCP(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetOEMCP(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GetOEMCP();
         """
         return 1200
 
     @apihook("GlobalLock", argc=1)
-    def GlobalLock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GlobalLock(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPVOID GlobalLock(
           HGLOBAL hMem
@@ -4333,7 +4384,7 @@ def GlobalLock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hMem
 
     @apihook("LocalLock", argc=1)
-    def LocalLock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LocalLock(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPVOID LocalLock(
           HGLOBAL hMem
@@ -4345,7 +4396,7 @@ def LocalLock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hMem
 
     @apihook("HeapDestroy", argc=1)
-    def HeapDestroy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def HeapDestroy(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL HeapDestroy(
           HANDLE hHeap
@@ -4355,7 +4406,7 @@ def HeapDestroy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("InitializeSListHead", argc=1)
-    def InitializeSListHead(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InitializeSListHead(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void InitializeSListHead(
           PSLIST_HEADER ListHead
@@ -4368,7 +4419,7 @@ def InitializeSListHead(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return None
 
     @apihook("FreeLibrary", argc=1)
-    def FreeLibrary(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FreeLibrary(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL FreeLibrary(
           HMODULE hLibModule
@@ -4378,7 +4429,7 @@ def FreeLibrary(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("WaitForSingleObject", argc=2)
-    def WaitForSingleObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WaitForSingleObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD WaitForSingleObject(
         HANDLE hHandle,
@@ -4396,7 +4447,7 @@ def WaitForSingleObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetConsoleMode", argc=2)
-    def GetConsoleMode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetConsoleMode(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL WINAPI GetConsoleMode(
             _In_  HANDLE  hConsoleHandle,
@@ -4407,7 +4458,7 @@ def GetConsoleMode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("HeapSetInformation", argc=4)
-    def HeapSetInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def HeapSetInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL HeapSetInformation(
             HANDLE                 HeapHandle,
@@ -4420,7 +4471,7 @@ def HeapSetInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("SetErrorMode", argc=1)
-    def SetErrorMode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetErrorMode(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT SetErrorMode(
             UINT uMode
@@ -4429,7 +4480,7 @@ def SetErrorMode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("InterlockedCompareExchange", argc=3)
-    def InterlockedCompareExchange(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InterlockedCompareExchange(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG InterlockedCompareExchange(
         LONG volatile *Destination,
@@ -4448,7 +4499,7 @@ def InterlockedCompareExchange(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("InterlockedExchange", argc=2)
-    def InterlockedExchange(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InterlockedExchange(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG InterlockedExchange(
         LONG volatile *Target,
@@ -4466,7 +4517,7 @@ def InterlockedExchange(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return tgt
 
     @apihook("CreateNamedPipe", argc=8)
-    def CreateNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateNamedPipe(
             LPCSTR                lpName,
@@ -4479,6 +4530,7 @@ def CreateNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (
             lpName,
             dwOpenMode,
@@ -4503,7 +4555,7 @@ def CreateNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("CreatePipe", argc=4)
-    def CreatePipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreatePipe(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CreatePipe(
         PHANDLE               hReadPipe,
@@ -4529,7 +4581,7 @@ def CreatePipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("PeekNamedPipe", argc=6)
-    def PeekNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PeekNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL PeekNamedPipe(
         HANDLE  hNamedPipe,
@@ -4557,7 +4609,7 @@ def PeekNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("ConnectNamedPipe", argc=2)
-    def ConnectNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ConnectNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ConnectNamedPipe(
             HANDLE       hNamedPipe,
@@ -4572,7 +4624,7 @@ def ConnectNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("DisconnectNamedPipe", argc=1)
-    def DisconnectNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DisconnectNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL DisconnectNamedPipe(
             HANDLE hNamedPipe
@@ -4586,7 +4638,7 @@ def DisconnectNamedPipe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetLocaleInfo", argc=4)
-    def GetLocaleInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetLocaleInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetLocaleInfo(
           LCID   Locale,
@@ -4595,6 +4647,7 @@ def GetLocaleInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           int    cchData
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         Locale, LCType, lpLCData, cchData = argv
 
         rv = 0
@@ -4620,7 +4673,7 @@ def GetLocaleInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("IsWow64Process", argc=2)
-    def IsWow64Process(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsWow64Process(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsWow64Process(
             HANDLE hProcess,
@@ -4637,7 +4690,7 @@ def IsWow64Process(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CheckRemoteDebuggerPresent", argc=2)
-    def CheckRemoteDebuggerPresent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CheckRemoteDebuggerPresent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CheckRemoteDebuggerPresent(
             HANDLE hProcess,
@@ -4654,13 +4707,14 @@ def CheckRemoteDebuggerPresent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetComputerName", argc=2)
-    def GetComputerName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetComputerName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetComputerName(
             LPSTR   lpBuffer,
             LPDWORD nSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         lpBuffer, nSize = argv
         rv = False
@@ -4683,7 +4737,7 @@ def GetComputerName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetVersionEx", argc=1)
-    def GetVersionEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetVersionEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NOT_BUILD_WINDOWS_DEPRECATE BOOL GetVersionEx(
           LPOSVERSIONINFO lpVersionInformation
@@ -4710,7 +4764,7 @@ def GetVersionEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetEnvironmentVariable", argc=3)
-    def GetEnvironmentVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetEnvironmentVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetEnvironmentVariable(
         LPCTSTR lpName,
@@ -4718,6 +4772,7 @@ def GetEnvironmentVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         DWORD   nSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         lpName, lpBuffer, nSize = argv
         rv = 0
@@ -4741,7 +4796,7 @@ def GetEnvironmentVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetCurrentPackageId", argc=2)
-    def GetCurrentPackageId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCurrentPackageId(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG GetCurrentPackageId(
             UINT32 *bufferLength,
@@ -4751,14 +4806,14 @@ def GetCurrentPackageId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("AreFileApisANSI", argc=0)
-    def AreFileApisANSI(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def AreFileApisANSI(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL AreFileApisANSI();
         """
         return True
 
     @apihook("FindFirstFileEx", argc=6)
-    def FindFirstFileEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FindFirstFileEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE FindFirstFileExA(
             LPCSTR             lpFileName,
@@ -4769,6 +4824,7 @@ def FindFirstFileEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             DWORD              dwAdditionalFlags
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (
             lpFileName,
             fInfoLevelId,
@@ -4785,13 +4841,14 @@ def FindFirstFileEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FindFirstFile", argc=2)
-    def FindFirstFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FindFirstFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE FindFirstFileA(
             LPCSTR             lpFileName,
             LPWIN32_FIND_DATAA lpFindFileData
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         lpFileName, lpFindFileData = argv
 
@@ -4828,13 +4885,14 @@ def FindFirstFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("FindNextFile", argc=2)
-    def FindNextFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FindNextFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL FindNextFile(
             HANDLE             hFindFile,
             LPWIN32_FIND_DATAA lpFindFileData
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hFindFile, lpFindFileData = argv
         rv = 1
@@ -4870,7 +4928,7 @@ def FindNextFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FindClose", argc=1)
-    def FindClose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FindClose(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL FindClose(
             HANDLE hFindFile
@@ -4887,7 +4945,7 @@ def FindClose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("GetSystemTimes", argc=3)
-    def GetSystemTimes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSystemTimes(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetSystemTimes(
             PFILETIME lpIdleTime,
@@ -4911,7 +4969,7 @@ def GetSystemTimes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("GetThreadContext", argc=2)
-    def GetThreadContext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetThreadContext(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetThreadContext(
             HANDLE    hThread,
@@ -4932,7 +4990,7 @@ def GetThreadContext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("SetThreadContext", argc=2)
-    def SetThreadContext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetThreadContext(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetThreadContext(
             HANDLE        hThread,
@@ -4957,7 +5015,7 @@ def SetThreadContext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("CompareFileTime", argc=2)
-    def CompareFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CompareFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG CompareFileTime(
             const FILETIME *lpFileTime1,
@@ -4986,7 +5044,7 @@ def CompareFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("FindResource", argc=3)
-    def FindResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FindResource(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRSRC FindResourceA(
             HMODULE hModule,
@@ -4994,6 +5052,7 @@ def FindResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPCSTR  lpType
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         hModule, lpName, lpType = argv
@@ -5020,7 +5079,7 @@ def FindResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return pe.base + res.entry_rva
 
     @apihook("FindResourceEx", argc=4)
-    def FindResourceEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FindResourceEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRSRC FindResourceExW(
             [in, optional] HMODULE hModule,
@@ -5029,6 +5088,7 @@ def FindResourceEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             [in]           WORD    wLanguage
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         # repeats code from FindResource()
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -5054,7 +5114,7 @@ def FindResourceEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return pe.base + res.entry_rva
 
     @apihook("LoadResource", argc=2)
-    def LoadResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LoadResource(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HGLOBAL LoadResource(
           HMODULE hModule,
@@ -5081,7 +5141,7 @@ def LoadResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             return 0
 
     @apihook("LockResource", argc=1)
-    def LockResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LockResource(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPVOID LockResource(
           HGLOBAL hResData
@@ -5093,7 +5153,7 @@ def LockResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hResData
 
     @apihook("SizeofResource", argc=2)
-    def SizeofResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SizeofResource(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD SizeofResource(
           HMODULE hModule,
@@ -5114,7 +5174,7 @@ def SizeofResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("FreeResource", argc=1)
-    def FreeResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FreeResource(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL FreeResource(
           [in] HGLOBAL hResData
@@ -5124,13 +5184,14 @@ def FreeResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetCurrentDirectory", argc=2)
-    def GetCurrentDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCurrentDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetCurrentDirectory(
             DWORD  nBufferLength,
             LPTSTR lpBuffer
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         nBufferLength, lpBuffer = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -5145,7 +5206,7 @@ def GetCurrentDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(cd)
 
     @apihook("VirtualAllocExNuma", argc=6)
-    def VirtualAllocExNuma(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def VirtualAllocExNuma(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPVOID VirtualAllocExNuma(
           HANDLE hProcess,
@@ -5156,12 +5217,13 @@ def VirtualAllocExNuma(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD  nndPreferred
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         argv = argv[:-1]
         return self.VirtualAllocEx(emu, argv, ctx)
 
     @apihook("GetNativeSystemInfo", argc=1)
-    def GetNativeSystemInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetNativeSystemInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void GetNativeSystemInfo(
           LPSYSTEM_INFO lpSystemInfo
@@ -5171,19 +5233,20 @@ def GetNativeSystemInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetUserDefaultUILanguage", argc=0)
-    def GetUserDefaultUILanguage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetUserDefaultUILanguage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LANGID GetUserDefaultUILanguage();
         """
         return 0xFFFF
 
     @apihook("SetCurrentDirectory", argc=1)
-    def SetCurrentDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetCurrentDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetCurrentDirectory(
             LPCTSTR lpPathName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (path,) = argv
 
         if path:
@@ -5195,7 +5258,7 @@ def SetCurrentDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("OpenThread", argc=3)
-    def OpenThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OpenThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE OpenThread(
             DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
@@ -5211,7 +5274,7 @@ def OpenThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("RaiseException", argc=4)
-    def RaiseException(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RaiseException(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID RaiseException(
             DWORD           dwExceptionCode,
@@ -5226,7 +5289,7 @@ def RaiseException(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("VerSetConditionMask", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def VerSetConditionMask(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def VerSetConditionMask(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI ULONGLONG VerSetConditionMask(
             ULONGLONG ConditionMask,
@@ -5240,7 +5303,7 @@ def VerSetConditionMask(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("VerifyVersionInfo", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def VerifyVersionInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def VerifyVersionInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL VerifyVersionInfo(
             LPOSVERSIONINFOEX lpVersionInformation,
@@ -5254,14 +5317,14 @@ def VerifyVersionInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("FreeConsole", argc=0)
-    def FreeConsole(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FreeConsole(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL WINAPI FreeConsole(void);
         """
         return True
 
     @apihook("IsBadWritePtr", argc=2)
-    def IsBadWritePtr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsBadWritePtr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsBadWritePtr(
             LPVOID   lp,
@@ -5282,13 +5345,14 @@ def IsBadWritePtr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("IsBadStringPtr", argc=2)
-    def IsBadStringPtr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsBadStringPtr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsBadStringPtrW(
             LPCWSTR  lpsz,
             UINT_PTR ucchMax
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpsz, ucchMax = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         rv = True
@@ -5303,7 +5367,7 @@ def IsBadStringPtr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetSystemFirmwareTable", argc=4)
-    def GetSystemFirmwareTable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSystemFirmwareTable(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GetSystemFirmwareTable(
             DWORD FirmwareTableProviderSignature,
@@ -5323,13 +5387,14 @@ def GetSystemFirmwareTable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetTempPath", argc=2)
-    def GetTempPath(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetTempPath(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetTempPathA(
         DWORD nBufferLength,
         LPSTR lpBuffer
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         nBufferLength, lpBuffer = argv
         rv = 0
@@ -5346,7 +5411,7 @@ def GetTempPath(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("SetPriorityClass", argc=2)
-    def SetPriorityClass(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetPriorityClass(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetPriorityClass(
         HANDLE hProcess,
@@ -5356,7 +5421,7 @@ def SetPriorityClass(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("SetProcessPriorityBoost", argc=2)
-    def SetProcessPriorityBoost(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetProcessPriorityBoost(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetProcessPriorityBoost(
           HANDLE hProcess,
@@ -5367,12 +5432,13 @@ def SetProcessPriorityBoost(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetDriveType", argc=1)
-    def GetDriveType(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetDriveType(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GetDriveType(
           LPCSTR lpRootPathName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (lpRootPathName,) = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -5390,7 +5456,7 @@ def GetDriveType(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dm.get_drive_type(name)
 
     @apihook("GetExitCodeProcess", argc=2)
-    def GetExitCodeProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetExitCodeProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetExitCodeProcess(
         HANDLE  hProcess,
@@ -5403,7 +5469,7 @@ def GetExitCodeProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("SetThreadPriority", argc=2)
-    def SetThreadPriority(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetThreadPriority(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetThreadPriority(
         HANDLE hThread,
@@ -5413,7 +5479,7 @@ def SetThreadPriority(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("ReleaseMutex", argc=1)
-    def ReleaseMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ReleaseMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ReleaseMutex(
             HANDLE hMutex
@@ -5422,7 +5488,7 @@ def ReleaseMutex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetShortPathName", argc=3)
-    def GetShortPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetShortPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetShortPathNameW(
           LPCWSTR lpszLongPath,
@@ -5431,6 +5497,7 @@ def GetShortPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         );
         https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8.3_filename#VFAT_and_Computer-generated_8.3_filenames
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpszLongPath, lpszShortPath, cchBuffer = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         s = self.read_mem_string(lpszLongPath, cw)
@@ -5471,7 +5538,7 @@ def GetShortPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(out) + 1
 
     @apihook("GetLongPathName", argc=3)
-    def GetLongPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetLongPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetLongPathNameA(
           LPCSTR lpszShortPath,
@@ -5479,6 +5546,7 @@ def GetLongPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD  cchBuffer
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpszShortPath, lpszLongPath, cchBuffer = argv
 
         # Not an accurate implementation, just a placeholder for now
@@ -5492,7 +5560,7 @@ def GetLongPathName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(s) * cw + 1
 
     @apihook("QueueUserAPC", argc=3)
-    def QueueUserAPC(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def QueueUserAPC(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD QueueUserAPC(
         PAPCFUNC  pfnAPC,
@@ -5505,7 +5573,7 @@ def QueueUserAPC(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.create_thread(pfnAPC, dwData, 0, thread_type=run_type)
 
     @apihook("DuplicateHandle", argc=7)
-    def DuplicateHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DuplicateHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL DuplicateHandle(
           HANDLE   hSourceProcessHandle,
@@ -5520,7 +5588,7 @@ def DuplicateHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetBinaryType", argc=2)
-    def GetBinaryType(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetBinaryType(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetBinaryTypeA(
           LPCSTR  lpApplicationName,
@@ -5530,14 +5598,14 @@ def GetBinaryType(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetThreadUILanguage", argc=0)
-    def GetThreadUILanguage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetThreadUILanguage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LANGID GetThreadUILanguage();
         """
         return 0xFFFF
 
     @apihook("SetConsoleHistoryInfo", argc=1)
-    def SetConsoleHistoryInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetConsoleHistoryInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL WINAPI SetConsoleHistoryInfo(
           _In_ PCONSOLE_HISTORY_INFO lpConsoleHistoryInfo
@@ -5546,7 +5614,7 @@ def SetConsoleHistoryInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetFileInformationByHandle", argc=2)
-    def GetFileInformationByHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetFileInformationByHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetFileInformationByHandle(
           HANDLE                       hFile,
@@ -5556,7 +5624,7 @@ def GetFileInformationByHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetCommProperties", argc=2)
-    def GetCommProperties(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCommProperties(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetCommProperties(
           HANDLE     hFile,
@@ -5566,7 +5634,7 @@ def GetCommProperties(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetCommTimeouts", argc=2)
-    def GetCommTimeouts(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCommTimeouts(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetCommTimeouts(
           HANDLE         hFile,
@@ -5576,12 +5644,13 @@ def GetCommTimeouts(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("AddAtom", argc=1)
-    def AddAtom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def AddAtom(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ATOM AddAtomW(
           LPCWSTR lpString
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         ATOM_RESERVED = 0xC000
         (lpString,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -5597,12 +5666,13 @@ def AddAtom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.add_local_atom(s)
 
     @apihook("FindAtom", argc=1)
-    def FindAtom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FindAtom(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ATOM FindAtomA(
           LPCSTR lpString
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         ATOM_RESERVED = 0xC000
         (lpString,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -5623,7 +5693,7 @@ def FindAtom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return atom
 
     @apihook("GetAtomName", argc=3)
-    def GetAtomName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetAtomName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GetAtomNameA(
           ATOM  nAtom,
@@ -5631,6 +5701,7 @@ def GetAtomName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           int   nSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         ATOM_RESERVED = 0xC000
         nAtom, lpBuffer, nSize = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -5651,7 +5722,7 @@ def GetAtomName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(s) - 1
 
     @apihook("DeleteAtom", argc=1)
-    def DeleteAtom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DeleteAtom(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ATOM DeleteAtom(
           ATOM nAtom
@@ -5670,7 +5741,7 @@ def DeleteAtom(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return nAtom
 
     @apihook("GetProcessHandleCount", argc=1)
-    def GetProcessHandleCount(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetProcessHandleCount(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetProcessHandleCount(
           HANDLE hProcess,
@@ -5680,7 +5751,7 @@ def GetProcessHandleCount(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetMailslotInfo", argc=5)
-    def GetMailslotInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetMailslotInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetMailslotInfo(
           HANDLE  hMailslot,
@@ -5693,7 +5764,7 @@ def GetMailslotInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("RtlZeroMemory", argc=2)
-    def RtlZeroMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlZeroMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void RtlZeroMemory(
             void*  Destination,
@@ -5705,7 +5776,7 @@ def RtlZeroMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_write(dest, buf)
 
     @apihook("RtlMoveMemory", argc=3)
-    def RtlMoveMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlMoveMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void RtlMoveMemory(void* pvDest, const void *pSrc, size_t Length);
         """
@@ -5714,7 +5785,7 @@ def RtlMoveMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_write(dest, buf)
 
     @apihook("QueryPerformanceFrequency", argc=1)
-    def QueryPerformanceFrequency(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def QueryPerformanceFrequency(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL QueryPerformanceFrequency(
             LARGE_INTEGER *lpFrequency
@@ -5725,13 +5796,14 @@ def QueryPerformanceFrequency(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("FindFirstVolume", argc=2)
-    def FindFirstVolume(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FindFirstVolume(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE FindFirstVolumeW(
           LPWSTR lpszVolumeName,
           DWORD  cchBufferLength
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpszVolumeName, _ = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -5752,7 +5824,7 @@ def FindFirstVolume(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("FindNextVolume", argc=3)
-    def FindNextVolume(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FindNextVolume(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL FindNextVolumeW(
           HANDLE hFindVolume,
@@ -5760,6 +5832,7 @@ def FindNextVolume(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD  cchBufferLength
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hFindVolume, lpszVolumeName, cchBufferLength = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -5783,7 +5856,7 @@ def FindNextVolume(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("FindVolumeClose", argc=1)
-    def FindVolumeClose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FindVolumeClose(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL FindVolumeClose(
           HANDLE hFindVolume
@@ -5799,7 +5872,7 @@ def FindVolumeClose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CreateIoCompletionPort", argc=4)
-    def CreateIoCompletionPort(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateIoCompletionPort(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE WINAPI CreateIoCompletionPort(
           _In_     HANDLE    FileHandle,
@@ -5816,7 +5889,7 @@ def CreateIoCompletionPort(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeName", argc=4)
-    def GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeNameW(
           LPCWSTR lpszVolumeName,
@@ -5825,6 +5898,7 @@ def GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           PDWORD  lpcchReturnLength
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpszVolumeName, lpszVolumePathNames, cchBufferLength, lpcchReturnLength = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -5856,7 +5930,7 @@ def GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetLogicalDrives", argc=0)
-    def GetLogicalDrives(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetLogicalDrives(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetLogicalDrives();
         """
@@ -5869,7 +5943,7 @@ def GetLogicalDrives(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GlobalMemoryStatus", argc=1)
-    def GlobalMemoryStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GlobalMemoryStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void GlobalMemoryStatus(
         LPMEMORYSTATUS lpBuffer
@@ -5878,7 +5952,7 @@ def GlobalMemoryStatus(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("GlobalMemoryStatusEx", argc=1)
-    def GlobalMemoryStatusEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GlobalMemoryStatusEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void GlobalMemoryStatusEx(
         LPMEMORYSTATUSEX lpBuffer
@@ -5914,7 +5988,7 @@ def GlobalMemoryStatusEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("GetDiskFreeSpaceEx", argc=4)
-    def GetDiskFreeSpaceEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetDiskFreeSpaceEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetDiskFreeSpaceEx(
         LPCSTR          lpDirectoryName,
@@ -5926,14 +6000,14 @@ def GetDiskFreeSpaceEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("GetSystemDefaultLangID", argc=0)
-    def GetSystemDefaultLangID(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSystemDefaultLangID(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LANGID GetSystemDefaultLangID();
         """
         return True
 
     @apihook("ResetEvent", argc=1)
-    def ResetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ResetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ResetEvent(
         HANDLE hEvent
@@ -5942,7 +6016,7 @@ def ResetEvent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("WaitForMultipleObjects", argc=4)
-    def WaitForMultipleObjects(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WaitForMultipleObjects(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD WaitForMultipleObjects(
         DWORD        nCount,
@@ -5954,7 +6028,7 @@ def WaitForMultipleObjects(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetComputerNameEx", argc=3)
-    def GetComputerNameEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetComputerNameEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetComputerNameExA(
           COMPUTER_NAME_FORMAT NameType,
@@ -5962,6 +6036,7 @@ def GetComputerNameEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPDWORD              nSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         NameType, lpBuffer, nSize = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -5982,7 +6057,7 @@ def GetComputerNameEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetDateFormat", argc=6)
-    def GetDateFormat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetDateFormat(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetDateFormatA(
           LCID             Locale,
@@ -5993,6 +6068,7 @@ def GetDateFormat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           int              cchDate
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         Locale, dwFlags, lpDate, lpFormat, lpDateStr, cchDate = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -6032,7 +6108,7 @@ def GetDateFormat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("DeviceIoControl", argc=8)
-    def DeviceIoControl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DeviceIoControl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL DeviceIoControl(
             HANDLE       hDevice,
@@ -6086,7 +6162,7 @@ def DeviceIoControl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetTimeFormat", argc=6)
-    def GetTimeFormat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetTimeFormat(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetTimeFormatA(
           LCID             Locale,
@@ -6097,6 +6173,7 @@ def GetTimeFormat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           int              cchTime
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         Locale, dwFlags, lpTime, lpFormat, lpTimeStr, cchTime = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -6140,7 +6217,7 @@ def GetTimeFormat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("FlushFileBuffers", argc=1)
-    def FlushFileBuffers(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FlushFileBuffers(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """BOOL FlushFileBuffers(
         HANDLE hFile
         );"""
@@ -6152,7 +6229,7 @@ def FlushFileBuffers(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetExitCodeThread", argc=2)
-    def GetExitCodeThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetExitCodeThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetExitCodeThread(
         HANDLE  hThread,
@@ -6166,7 +6243,7 @@ def GetExitCodeThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("InitializeConditionVariable", argc=1)
-    def InitializeConditionVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InitializeConditionVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void InitializeConditionVariable(
         PCONDITION_VARIABLE ConditionVariable
@@ -6178,7 +6255,7 @@ def InitializeConditionVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WakeAllConditionVariable", argc=1)
-    def WakeAllConditionVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WakeAllConditionVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WakeAllConditionVariable(
           PCONDITION_VARIABLE ConditionVariable
@@ -6187,7 +6264,7 @@ def WakeAllConditionVariable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("Wow64DisableWow64FsRedirection", argc=1)
-    def Wow64DisableWow64FsRedirection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def Wow64DisableWow64FsRedirection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL Wow64DisableWow64FsRedirection(
           PVOID *OldValue
@@ -6199,7 +6276,7 @@ def Wow64DisableWow64FsRedirection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("Wow64RevertWow64FsRedirection", argc=1)
-    def Wow64RevertWow64FsRedirection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def Wow64RevertWow64FsRedirection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL Wow64RevertWow64FsRedirection(
           PVOID OlValue
@@ -6211,7 +6288,7 @@ def Wow64RevertWow64FsRedirection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("EnumProcesses", argc=3)
-    def EnumProcesses(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EnumProcesses(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL EnumProcesses(
           DWORD   *lpidProcess,
@@ -6236,7 +6313,7 @@ def EnumProcesses(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetModuleFileNameExA", argc=4)
-    def GetModuleFileNameExA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetModuleFileNameExA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetModuleFileNameExA(
           HANDLE  hProcess,
@@ -6245,6 +6322,7 @@ def GetModuleFileNameExA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD   nSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hProcess, hModule, lpFilename, nSize = argv
 
         if hModule:
@@ -6278,14 +6356,14 @@ def GetModuleFileNameExA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return size
 
     @apihook("GetThreadPriority", argc=1)
-    def GetThreadPriority(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetThreadPriority(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE hThread;
         """
         return k32types.THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL
 
     @apihook("RtlUnwind", argc=4)
-    def RtlUnwind(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlUnwind(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID RtlUnwind(
           PVOID TargetFrame,
@@ -6297,14 +6375,14 @@ def RtlUnwind(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("UnhandledExceptionFilter", argc=1)
-    def UnhandledExceptionFilter(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def UnhandledExceptionFilter(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         _EXCEPTION_POINTERS *ExceptionInfo;
         """
         return k32types.EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER
 
     @apihook("GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime", argc=1)
-    def GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """void GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime(
           LPFILETIME lpSystemTimeAsFileTime
         );"""
@@ -6321,7 +6399,7 @@ def GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("AddVectoredExceptionHandler", argc=2)
-    def AddVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def AddVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID AddVectoredExceptionHandler(
             ULONG                       First,
@@ -6335,7 +6413,7 @@ def AddVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return Handler
 
     @apihook("RemoveVectoredExceptionHandler", argc=1)
-    def RemoveVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RemoveVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ULONG RemoveVectoredExceptionHandler(
             PVOID Handle);
@@ -6345,21 +6423,21 @@ def RemoveVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetSystemDefaultUILanguage", argc=0)
-    def GetSystemDefaultUILanguage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSystemDefaultUILanguage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LANGID GetSystemDefaultUILanguage();
         """
         return LANG_EN_US
 
     @apihook("GetUserDefaultLangID", argc=0)
-    def GetUserDefaultLangID(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetUserDefaultLangID(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LANGID GetUserDefaultLangID();
         """
         return LANG_EN_US
 
     @apihook("GetUserDefaultLCID", argc=0)
-    def GetUserDefaultLCID(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetUserDefaultLCID(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LCID GetUserDefaultLCID();
         """
@@ -6367,7 +6445,7 @@ def GetUserDefaultLCID(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT
 
     @apihook("GetSystemDefaultLCID", argc=0)
-    def GetSystemDefaultLCID(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSystemDefaultLCID(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LCID GetUserDefaultLCID();
         """
@@ -6375,7 +6453,7 @@ def GetSystemDefaultLCID(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
 
     @apihook("GetTempFileName", argc=4)
-    def GetTempFileName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetTempFileName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GetTempFileName(
             [in]  LPCSTR lpPathName,
@@ -6384,6 +6462,7 @@ def GetTempFileName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             [out] LPSTR  lpTempFileName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpPathName, lpPrefixString, uUnique, lpTempFileName = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -6402,7 +6481,7 @@ def GetTempFileName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(out) + 1
 
     @apihook("_llseek", argc=3)
-    def _llseek(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _llseek(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG _llseek(
             HFILE hFile,
@@ -6424,13 +6503,14 @@ def _llseek(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_lopen", argc=2)
-    def _lopen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _lopen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HFILE _lopen(
             LPCSTR lpPathName,
             int    iReadWrite
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpFileName, iRedWrite = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         filename = self.read_mem_string(lpFileName, cw)
@@ -6438,7 +6518,7 @@ def _lopen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return fHandle
 
     @apihook("_lclose", argc=1)
-    def _lclose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _lclose(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HFILE _lclose(
             HFILE hFile
@@ -6452,13 +6532,14 @@ def _lclose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return False
 
     @apihook("GetConsoleTitle", argc=2)
-    def GetConsoleTitle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetConsoleTitle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD WINAPI GetConsoleTitle(
             _Out_ LPTSTR lpConsoleTitle,
             _In_  DWORD nSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpConsoleTitle, nSize = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         rv = False
@@ -6483,7 +6564,7 @@ def GetConsoleTitle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("InitializeSRWLock", argc=1)
-    def InitializeSRWLock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InitializeSRWLock(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void InitializeSRWLock(
           [out] PSRWLOCK SRWLock
@@ -6493,7 +6574,7 @@ def InitializeSRWLock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("AcquireSRWLockShared", argc=1)
-    def AcquireSRWLockShared(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def AcquireSRWLockShared(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void AcquireSRWLockShared(
           [in, out] PSRWLOCK SRWLock
@@ -6503,7 +6584,7 @@ def AcquireSRWLockShared(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("ReleaseSRWLockShared", argc=1)
-    def ReleaseSRWLockShared(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ReleaseSRWLockShared(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void ReleaseSRWLockShared(
           [in, out] PSRWLOCK SRWLock
@@ -6513,7 +6594,7 @@ def ReleaseSRWLockShared(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("AcquireSRWLockExclusive", argc=1)
-    def AcquireSRWLockExclusive(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def AcquireSRWLockExclusive(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void AcquireSRWLockExclusive(
           [in, out] PSRWLOCK SRWLock
@@ -6523,7 +6604,7 @@ def AcquireSRWLockExclusive(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("ReleaseSRWLockExclusive", argc=1)
-    def ReleaseSRWLockExclusive(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ReleaseSRWLockExclusive(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void ReleaseSRWLockExclusive(
           [in, out] PSRWLOCK SRWLock
@@ -6533,7 +6614,7 @@ def ReleaseSRWLockExclusive(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory", argc=1)
-    def GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory(
           [out] PULONGLONG TotalMemoryInKilobytes
@@ -6547,20 +6628,20 @@ def GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId", argc=0)
-    def WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return emu.get_current_process().session
 
     @apihook("WaitForSingleObjectEx", argc=3)
-    def WaitForSingleObjectEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WaitForSingleObjectEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return 0  # = WAIT_OBJECT_0
 
     @apihook("GetProfileInt", argc=3)
-    def GetProfileInt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetProfileInt(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         _, _, nDefault = argv
         return nDefault
 
     @apihook("CreateSemaphoreW", argc=4)
-    def CreateSemaphoreW(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateSemaphoreW(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HANDLE CreateSemaphoreW(
             [in, optional] LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSemaphoreAttributes,
@@ -6572,7 +6653,7 @@ def CreateSemaphoreW(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("SetThreadStackGuarantee", argc=1)
-    def SetThreadStackGuarantee(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetThreadStackGuarantee(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetThreadStackGuarantee(
             [in, out] PULONG StackSizeInBytes
@@ -6581,7 +6662,7 @@ def SetThreadStackGuarantee(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("SetThreadDescription", argc=2)
-    def SetThreadDescription(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetThreadDescription(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT SetThreadDescription(
             [in] HANDLE hThread,
@@ -6591,7 +6672,7 @@ def SetThreadDescription(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("InitOnceBeginInitialize", argc=4)
-    def InitOnceBeginInitialize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InitOnceBeginInitialize(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL InitOnceBeginInitialize(
             [in, out]       LPINIT_ONCE lpInitOnce,
@@ -6603,7 +6684,7 @@ def InitOnceBeginInitialize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("FlsGetValue2", argc=1)
-    def FlsGetValue2(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FlsGetValue2(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         fls_index = argv[0]
         try:
             val = emu.get_fls_value(fls_index)
@@ -6612,7 +6693,7 @@ def FlsGetValue2(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             return 0x1000
 
     @apihook("RtlCaptureContext", argc=1)
-    def RtlCaptureContext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlCaptureContext(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         ptr = self.emu.reg_read("rcx")
         if ptr:
             try:
@@ -6628,11 +6709,11 @@ def RtlCaptureContext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("RtlLookupFunctionEntry", argc=3)
-    def RtlLookupFunctionEntry(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlLookupFunctionEntry(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("MulDiv", argc=3)
-    def MulDiv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MulDiv(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int MulDiv(
             int nNumber,
@@ -6649,7 +6730,7 @@ def MulDiv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             return 0
 
     @apihook("GlobalAddAtomA", argc=1)
-    def GlobalAddAtomA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GlobalAddAtomA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ATOM GlobalAddAtomA(
             LPCSTR lpString
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/lz32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/lz32.py
index 1af25cfb..0ad6d450 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/lz32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/lz32.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("LZSeek", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def LZSeek(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LZSeek(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG LZSeek(
           INT  hFile,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/mpr.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/mpr.py
index 81d4d168..bc35c9e3 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/mpr.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/mpr.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("WNetOpenEnum", argc=5, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WNetOpenEnum(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WNetOpenEnum(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD WNetOpenEnum(
           DWORD          dwScope,
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def WNetOpenEnum(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return mpr.ERROR_NO_NETWORK
 
     @apihook("WNetEnumResource", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WNetEnumResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WNetEnumResource(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD WNetEnumResourceA(
           HANDLE  hEnum,
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def WNetEnumResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return mpr.ERROR_NO_NETWORK
 
     @apihook("WNetAddConnection2", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WNetAddConnection2(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WNetAddConnection2(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD WNetAddConnection2W(
           LPNETRESOURCEW lpNetResource,
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ def WNetAddConnection2(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return mpr.ERROR_NO_NETWORK
 
     @apihook("WNetGetConnection", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WNetGetConnection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WNetGetConnection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD WNetGetConnectionA(
           LPCSTR  lpLocalName,
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ def WNetGetConnection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPDWORD lpnLength
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpLocalName, lpRemoteName, lpnLength = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/mscoree.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/mscoree.py
index e0e4fa1c..db560039 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/mscoree.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/mscoree.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("CorExitProcess", argc=1)
-    def CorExitProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CorExitProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void STDMETHODCALLTYPE CorExitProcess (
             int  exitCode
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msi32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msi32.py
index 94af0a9c..1113eee7 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msi32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msi32.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("MsiDatabaseMergeA", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL, ordinal=29)
-    def MsiDatabaseMergeA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MsiDatabaseMergeA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT MsiDatabaseMergeA(
           MSIHANDLE hDatabase,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msimg32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msimg32.py
index 4b6c8aaf..3dfbaf9a 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msimg32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msimg32.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("TransparentBlt", argc=11)
-    def TransparentBlt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def TransparentBlt(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL TransparentBlt(
           HDC  hdcDest,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msvcrt.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msvcrt.py
index d944ce29..5402881b 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msvcrt.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msvcrt.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def _acmdln(self, ptr=0):
         return cmdln
 
     @apihook("__p__acmdln", argc=0)
-    def __p__acmdln(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __p__acmdln(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """Command line global CRT variable"""
 
         cmdln = self._acmdln()
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ def __p__acmdln(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return cmdln
 
     @apihook("_onexit", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _onexit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _onexit(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         _onexit_t _onexit(
             _onexit_t function
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ def _onexit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return func
 
     @apihook("mbstowcs_s", argc=5, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def mbstowcs_s(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def mbstowcs_s(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         errno_t mbstowcs_s(
             size_t *pReturnValue,
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ def mbstowcs_s(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_wcsnicmp", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _wcsnicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _wcsnicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _wcsnicmp(
             const wchar_t *string1,
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ def _wcsnicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
 
     # Reference: https://wiki.osdev.org/Visual_C%2B%2B_Runtime
     @apihook("_initterm_e", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _initterm_e(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _initterm_e(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         static int _initterm_e(_PIFV * pfbegin,
                                  _PIFV * pfend)
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ def _initterm_e(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_initterm", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _initterm(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _initterm(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """static void _initterm (_PVFV * pfbegin, _PVFV * pfend)"""
 
         pfbegin, pfend = argv
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ def _initterm(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("__getmainargs", argc=5)
-    def __getmainargs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __getmainargs(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int __getmainargs(
             int * _Argc,
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ def __getmainargs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("__wgetmainargs", argc=5)
-    def __wgetmainargs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __wgetmainargs(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int __wgetmainargs (
            int *_Argc,
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ def __wgetmainargs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("__p___wargv", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __p___wargv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __p___wargv(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """WCHAR *** __p___wargv ()"""
 
         ptr_size = self.get_ptr_size()
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ def __p___wargv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("__p___argv", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __p___argv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __p___argv(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """char *** __p___argv ()"""
 
         ptr_size = self.get_ptr_size()
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ def __p___argv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("__p___argc", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __p___argc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __p___argc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """int * __p___argc ()"""
 
         _argv = emu.get_argv()
@@ -358,14 +358,14 @@ def __p___argc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return argc
 
     @apihook("__p___initenv", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __p___initenv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __p___initenv(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """char *** __p___initenv ()"""
         ptr_size = self.get_ptr_size()
         ptr = self.mem_alloc(size=ptr_size, tag="api.initenv")
         return ptr
 
     @apihook("_get_initial_narrow_environment", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _get_initial_narrow_environment(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _get_initial_narrow_environment(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """char** _get_initial_narrow_environment ()"""
 
         ptr_size = self.get_ptr_size()
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ def _get_initial_narrow_environment(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return envp
 
     @apihook("_get_initial_wide_environment", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _get_initial_wide_environment(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _get_initial_wide_environment(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """WCHAR** _get_initial_wide_environment ()"""
 
         ptr_size = self.get_ptr_size()
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ def _get_initial_wide_environment(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return envp
 
     @apihook("exit", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def exit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def exit(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void exit(
            int const status
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ def exit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.exit_process()
 
     @apihook("_exit", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _exit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _exit(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void _exit(
            int const status
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ def _exit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.exit_process()
 
     @apihook("_XcptFilter", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _XcptFilter(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _XcptFilter(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _XcptFilter(
             unsigned long xcptnum,
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ def _XcptFilter(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("_CxxThrowException", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def _CxxThrowException(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _CxxThrowException(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void _CxxThrowException(
             void *pExceptionObject,
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ def _CxxThrowException(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("__acrt_iob_func", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __acrt_iob_func(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __acrt_iob_func(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """FILE * __acrt_iob_func (fd)"""
 
         (fd,) = argv
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ def __acrt_iob_func(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return fd
 
     @apihook("pow", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_FLOAT)
-    def pow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def pow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         double pow(
            double x,
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ def pow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return z
 
     @apihook("floor", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_FLOAT)
-    def floor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def floor(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         double floor(
            double x
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ def floor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return z
 
     @apihook("sin", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_FLOAT)
-    def sin(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def sin(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         double sin(
            double x
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ def sin(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return z
 
     @apihook("abs", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def abs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def abs(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int abs(
            int x
@@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ def abs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return y
 
     @apihook("strstr", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strstr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strstr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *strstr(
            const char *str,
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ def strstr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ret
 
     @apihook("wcsstr", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcsstr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcsstr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         wchar_t *wcsstr(
             const wchar_t *str,
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ def wcsstr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ret
 
     @apihook("strncat_s", argc=4, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strncat_s(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strncat_s(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         errno_t strncat_s(
            char *strDest,
@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@ def strncat_s(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("__stdio_common_vfprintf", argc=e_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __stdio_common_vfprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __stdio_common_vfprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
 
         arch = emu.get_arch()
         if arch == e_arch.ARCH_AMD64:
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ def __stdio_common_vfprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("fprintf", argc=e_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def fprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def fprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int fprintf(
             FILE *stream,
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ def fprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("printf", argc=e_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def printf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def printf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int printf(
             const char *format,
@@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ def printf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("memset", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def memset(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def memset(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void *memset ( void * ptr,
                        int value,
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ def memset(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ptr
 
     @apihook("time", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def time(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def time(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         time_t time( time_t *destTime );
         """
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ def time(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return out_time
 
     @apihook("_strtime", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _strtime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _strtime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *_strtime(char *buffer);
         """
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ def _strtime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return buffer
 
     @apihook("_strdate", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _strdate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _strdate(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *_strdate(char *buffer);
         """
@@ -745,7 +745,7 @@ def _strdate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return buffer
 
     @apihook("clock", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def clock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def clock(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         clock_t clock( void );
         """
@@ -755,7 +755,7 @@ def clock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.tick_counter
 
     @apihook("srand", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def srand(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def srand(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void srand (unsigned int seed);
         """
@@ -765,7 +765,7 @@ def srand(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("sprintf", argc=e_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def sprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def sprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int sprintf(
             char *buffer,
@@ -789,7 +789,7 @@ def sprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("_snprintf", argc=e_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _snprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _snprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _snprintf(
         char *buffer,
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ def _snprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("atoi", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def atoi(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def atoi(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int atoi(
             const char *str
@@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ def atoi(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("rand", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def rand(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def rand(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int rand( void );
         """
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ def rand(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.rand_int
 
     @apihook("__set_app_type", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __set_app_type(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __set_app_type(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void __set_app_type (
             int at
@@ -853,11 +853,11 @@ def __set_app_type(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("_set_app_type", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _set_app_type(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _set_app_type(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("__p__fmode", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __p__fmode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __p__fmode(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int* __p__fmode();
         """
@@ -869,7 +869,7 @@ def __p__fmode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ptr
 
     @apihook("__p__commode", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __p__commode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __p__commode(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int* __p__commode();
         """
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ def __p__commode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ptr
 
     @apihook("_controlfp", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _controlfp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _controlfp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         unsigned int _controlfp(unsigned int new,
                                 unsinged int mask)
@@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ def _controlfp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("strcpy", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *strcpy(
            char *strDestination,
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ def strcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("wcscpy", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcscpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcscpy(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         wchar_t *wcscpy(
             wchar_t *strDestination,
@@ -918,7 +918,7 @@ def wcscpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("strncpy", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strncpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strncpy(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char * strncpy(
             char * destination,
@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@ def strncpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("wcsncpy", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcsncpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcsncpy(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         wchar_t *wcsncpy(
            wchar_t *strDest,
@@ -952,7 +952,7 @@ def wcsncpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("memcpy", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def memcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def memcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void *memcpy(
             void *dest,
@@ -966,7 +966,7 @@ def memcpy(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("memmove", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def memmove(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def memmove(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void *memmove(
             void *dest,
@@ -980,7 +980,7 @@ def memmove(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("memcmp", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def memcmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def memcmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int memcmp(
            const void *buffer1,
@@ -1003,7 +1003,7 @@ def memcmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return diff
 
     @apihook("_except_handler4_common", argc=6, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _except_handler4_common(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _except_handler4_common(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         _CRTIMP  __C_specific_handler(
         _In_    struct _EXCEPTION_RECORD   *ExceptionRecord,
@@ -1072,7 +1072,7 @@ def _except_handler4_common(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_seh_filter_exe", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _seh_filter_exe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _seh_filter_exe(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int __cdecl _seh_filter_exe(
            unsigned long _ExceptionNum,
@@ -1085,7 +1085,7 @@ def _seh_filter_exe(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_except_handler3", argc=4, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _except_handler3(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _except_handler3(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _except_handler3(
         PEXCEPTION_RECORD exception_record,
@@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@ def _except_handler3(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_seh_filter_dll", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _seh_filter_dll(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _seh_filter_dll(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int __cdecl _seh_filter_dll(
            unsigned long _ExceptionNum,
@@ -1111,7 +1111,7 @@ def _seh_filter_dll(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("puts", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def puts(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def puts(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int puts(
            const char *str
@@ -1126,7 +1126,7 @@ def puts(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_initialize_onexit_table", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _initialize_onexit_table(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _initialize_onexit_table(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _initialize_onexit_table(
             _onexit_table_t* table
@@ -1137,7 +1137,7 @@ def _initialize_onexit_table(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_register_onexit_function", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _register_onexit_function(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _register_onexit_function(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _register_onexit_function(
             _onexit_table_t* table,
@@ -1149,7 +1149,7 @@ def _register_onexit_function(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("malloc", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def malloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def malloc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void *malloc(
         size_t size
@@ -1161,7 +1161,7 @@ def malloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return chunk
 
     @apihook("calloc", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def calloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def calloc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void *calloc(
         size_t num,
@@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@ def calloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return chunk
 
     @apihook("free", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def free(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def free(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void free(
         void *memblock
@@ -1191,7 +1191,7 @@ def free(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_free(mem)
 
     @apihook("_beginthreadex", argc=6, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _beginthreadex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _beginthreadex(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         uintptr_t _beginthreadex(
             void *security,
@@ -1212,7 +1212,7 @@ def _beginthreadex(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return handle
 
     @apihook("_beginthread", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _beginthread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _beginthread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         uintptr_t _beginthread
         void( __cdecl *start_address )( void * ),
@@ -1226,7 +1226,7 @@ def _beginthread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return handle
 
     @apihook("system", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def system(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def system(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int system(
            const char *command
@@ -1241,7 +1241,7 @@ def system(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("toupper", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def toupper(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def toupper(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int toupper(
            int c
@@ -1256,7 +1256,7 @@ def toupper(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return c
 
     @apihook("strlen", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strlen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strlen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         size_t strlen(
             const char *str
@@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@ def strlen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("strcat", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strcat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strcat(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *strcat(
             char *strDestination,
@@ -1288,7 +1288,7 @@ def strcat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return _str1
 
     @apihook("_strlwr", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _strlwr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _strlwr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *_strlwr(
             char *str
@@ -1305,7 +1305,7 @@ def _strlwr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return string_ptr
 
     @apihook("strncat", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strncat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strncat(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *strncat(
             char *destination,
@@ -1323,7 +1323,7 @@ def strncat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dest
 
     @apihook("wcscat", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcscat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcscat(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         wchar_t *wcscat(
            wchar_t *strDestination,
@@ -1340,7 +1340,7 @@ def wcscat(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return _str1
 
     @apihook("wcslen", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcslen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcslen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         size_t wcslen(
           const wchar_t* wcs
@@ -1354,7 +1354,7 @@ def wcslen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_lock", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _lock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _lock(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void __cdecl _lock
             int locknum
@@ -1363,7 +1363,7 @@ def _lock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("_unlock", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _unlock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _unlock(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void __cdecl _unlock
             int locknum
@@ -1372,7 +1372,7 @@ def _unlock(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("_ltoa", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _ltoa(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _ltoa(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *_ltoa(
             long value,
@@ -1391,7 +1391,7 @@ def _ltoa(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("__dllonexit", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __dllonexit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __dllonexit(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         onexit_t __dllonexit(
             _onexit_t func,
@@ -1407,7 +1407,7 @@ def __dllonexit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return func
 
     @apihook("strncmp", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strncmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strncmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int strncmp(
             const char *string1,
@@ -1428,7 +1428,7 @@ def strncmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("strcmp", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strcmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strcmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int strcmp(
             const char *string1,
@@ -1448,7 +1448,7 @@ def strcmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("strrchr", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strrchr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strrchr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *strrchr(
             const char *str,
@@ -1472,7 +1472,7 @@ def strrchr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_ftol", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _ftol(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _ftol(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _ftol(int);
         """
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ def _ftol(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return int(f)
 
     @apihook("_adjust_fdiv", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _adjust_fdiv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _adjust_fdiv(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void _adjust_fdiv(void)
         """
         return
 
     @apihook("tolower", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def tolower(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def tolower(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int tolower ( int c );
         """
@@ -1495,7 +1495,7 @@ def tolower(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return c | 0x20
 
     @apihook("isdigit", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def isdigit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def isdigit(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int isdigit(
             int c
@@ -1505,14 +1505,14 @@ def isdigit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return int(48 <= c <= 57)
 
     @apihook("sscanf", argc=e_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def sscanf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def sscanf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int sscanf ( const char * s, const char * format, ...);
         """
         return
 
     @apihook("strchr", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def strchr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def strchr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char *strchr(
             const char *str,
@@ -1536,7 +1536,7 @@ def strchr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_set_invalid_parameter_handler", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _set_invalid_parameter_handler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _set_invalid_parameter_handler(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         _invalid_parameter_handler _set_invalid_parameter_handler(
         _invalid_parameter_handler pNew
@@ -1547,7 +1547,7 @@ def _set_invalid_parameter_handler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("__CxxFrameHandler", argc=4, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __CxxFrameHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __CxxFrameHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         EXCEPTION_DISPOSITION __CxxFrameHandler(
             EHExceptionRecord  *pExcept,
@@ -1565,7 +1565,7 @@ def __CxxFrameHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("_vsnprintf", argc=4, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _vsnprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _vsnprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _vsnprintf(
             char *buffer,
@@ -1593,7 +1593,7 @@ def _vsnprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("__stdio_common_vsprintf", argc=7, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __stdio_common_vsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __stdio_common_vsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int __stdio_common_vsprintf(
             unsigned int64 Options,
@@ -1622,7 +1622,7 @@ def __stdio_common_vsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_strcmpi", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _strcmpi(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _strcmpi(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _strcmpi(
                 const char *string1,
@@ -1647,7 +1647,7 @@ def _strcmpi(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_wcsicmp", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _wcsicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _wcsicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _wcsicmp(
                 const wchar_t *string1,
@@ -1672,94 +1672,94 @@ def _wcsicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("??3@YAXPAX@Z", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __3_YAXPAX_Z(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __3_YAXPAX_Z(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         (ptr,) = argv
         if ptr:
             self.mem_free(ptr)
         return
 
     @apihook("??2@YAPAXI@Z", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __2_YAPAXI_Z(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __2_YAPAXI_Z(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         (size,) = argv
         if size <= 0:
             size = self.get_ptr_size()
         return self.mem_alloc(size, tag="api.msvcrt.operator_new")
 
     @apihook("__current_exception_context", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __current_exception_context(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __current_exception_context(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("__current_exception", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __current_exception(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __current_exception(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_set_new_mode", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _set_new_mode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _set_new_mode(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_configthreadlocale", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _configthreadlocale(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _configthreadlocale(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_setusermatherr", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _setusermatherr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _setusermatherr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("__setusermatherr", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def __setusermatherr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __setusermatherr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_cexit", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _cexit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _cexit(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         # TODO: handle atexit flavor functions
         self.exit_process()
 
     @apihook("_c_exit", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _c_exit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _c_exit(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         self.exit_process()
 
     @apihook("_register_thread_local_exe_atexit_callback", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _register_thread_local_exe_atexit_callback(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _register_thread_local_exe_atexit_callback(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_crt_atexit", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _crt_atexit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _crt_atexit(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_controlfp_s", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _controlfp_s(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _controlfp_s(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("terminate", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def terminate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def terminate(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         self.exit_process()
 
     @apihook("_crt_atexit", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)  # type: ignore[no-redef]
-    def _crt_atexit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _crt_atexit(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_initialize_narrow_environment", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _initialize_narrow_environment(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _initialize_narrow_environment(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_configure_narrow_argv", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _configure_narrow_argv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _configure_narrow_argv(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_set_fmode", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _set_fmode(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _set_fmode(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_itoa", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _itoa(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _itoa(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_itow", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _itow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _itow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return
 
     @apihook("_EH_prolog", argc=0, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _EH_prolog(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _EH_prolog(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         # push    -1
         emu.push_stack(0xFFFFFFFF)
 
@@ -1788,7 +1788,7 @@ def _EH_prolog(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("wcstombs", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcstombs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcstombs(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         size_t wcstombs(
             char *mbstr,
@@ -1803,7 +1803,7 @@ def wcstombs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(s.encode("ascii"))
 
     @apihook("_stricmp", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _stricmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _stricmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _stricmp(
                 const char *string1,
@@ -1828,7 +1828,7 @@ def _stricmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_strnicmp", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _strnicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _strnicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _strnicmp(
             const char *string1,
@@ -1854,7 +1854,7 @@ def _strnicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_wcsicmp", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)  # type: ignore[no-redef]
-    def _wcsicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _wcsicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int wcsicmp(
             const wchar_t *string1,
@@ -1876,7 +1876,7 @@ def _wcsicmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("wcscmp", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wcscmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wcscmp(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int wcscmp(
             const wchar_t *string1,
@@ -1896,7 +1896,7 @@ def wcscmp(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("_snwprintf", argc=e_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _snwprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _snwprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int _snwprintf(
             wchar_t *buffer,
@@ -1925,7 +1925,7 @@ def _snwprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("_errno", argc=0)
-    def _errno(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _errno(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """ """
         _VAL = 0x0C
 
@@ -1936,7 +1936,7 @@ def _errno(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.errno_t
 
     @apihook("fopen", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def fopen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def fopen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         FILE *fopen(
             const char *filename,
@@ -1967,7 +1967,7 @@ def fopen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return stream
 
     @apihook("_wfopen", argc=2, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def _wfopen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def _wfopen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         FILE *_wfopen(
             const wchar_t *filename,
@@ -1998,7 +1998,7 @@ def _wfopen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return stream
 
     @apihook("fclose", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def fclose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def fclose(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int fclose(
             FILE *stream
@@ -2014,7 +2014,7 @@ def fclose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("fseek", argc=3, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def fseek(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def fseek(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int fseek(
             FILE *stream,
@@ -2038,7 +2038,7 @@ def fseek(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("ftell", argc=1, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def ftell(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ftell(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         long ftell(
             FILE *stream
@@ -2060,7 +2060,7 @@ def ftell(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return pos
 
     @apihook("fread", argc=4, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def fread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def fread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         size_t fread(
             void *ptr,
@@ -2089,7 +2089,7 @@ def fread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(data) // size
 
     @apihook("fputc", argc=2)
-    def fputc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def fputc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int fputc(
             int c,
@@ -2100,7 +2100,7 @@ def fputc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return c
 
     @apihook("signal", argc=2)
-    def signal(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def signal(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void __cdecl *signal(
             int sig,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msvfw32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msvfw32.py
index 2182d3c4..0d4433b7 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msvfw32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/msvfw32.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ def get_handle(self):
         return handle
 
     @apihook("ICOpen", argc=3)
-    def ICOpen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ICOpen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HIC ICOpen(
             DWORD fccType,
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def ICOpen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("ICSendMessage", argc=4)
-    def ICSendMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ICSendMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LRESULT ICSendMessage(
             HIC hic,
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def ICSendMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("ICClose", argc=1)
-    def ICClose(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ICClose(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LRESULT ICClose(
             HIC hic
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ncrypt.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ncrypt.py
index 9d760d4d..1023424c 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ncrypt.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ncrypt.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("NCryptOpenStorageProvider", argc=3)
-    def NCryptOpenStorageProvider(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NCryptOpenStorageProvider(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SECURITY_STATUS NCryptOpenStorageProvider(
             NCRYPT_PROV_HANDLE *phProvider,
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def NCryptOpenStorageProvider(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("NCryptImportKey", argc=8)
-    def NCryptImportKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NCryptImportKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SECURITY_STATUS NCryptImportKey(
             NCRYPT_PROV_HANDLE hProvider,
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ def NCryptImportKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             DWORD              dwFlags
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hProvider, hImportKey, pszBlobType, pParameterList, phKey, pbData, cbData, dwFlags = argv
         blob_type = self.read_wide_string(pszBlobType)
         argv[2] = blob_type
@@ -84,13 +85,14 @@ def NCryptImportKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("NCryptDeleteKey", argc=2)
-    def NCryptDeleteKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NCryptDeleteKey(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SECURITY_STATUS NCryptDeleteKey(
             NCRYPT_KEY_HANDLE hKey,
             DWORD             dwFlags
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hKey, dwFlags = argv
         cm = emu.get_crypt_manager()
         for hnd, ctx in cm.ctx_handles.items():
@@ -102,12 +104,13 @@ def NCryptDeleteKey(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("NCryptFreeObject", argc=1)
-    def NCryptFreeObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NCryptFreeObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SECURITY_STATUS NCryptFreeObject(
             NCRYPT_HANDLE hObject
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hObject = argv[0]
         cm = emu.get_crypt_manager()
 
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/netapi32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/netapi32.py
index f58196df..329e4fd5 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/netapi32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/netapi32.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("NetGetJoinInformation", argc=3)
-    def NetGetJoinInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NetGetJoinInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NET_API_STATUS NET_API_FUNCTION NetGetJoinInformation(
           LPCWSTR lpServer,
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def NetGetJoinInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return netapi32defs.NERR_Success
 
     @apihook("NetWkstaGetInfo", argc=3)
-    def NetWkstaGetInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NetWkstaGetInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NET_API_STATUS NET_API_FUNCTION NetWkstaGetInfo(
           LMSTR  servername,
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ def NetUserAdd(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return netapi32defs.NERR_Success
 
     @apihook("NetApiBufferFree", argc=1)
-    def NetApiBufferFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NetApiBufferFree(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NET_API_STATUS NET_API_FUNCTION NetApiBufferFree(
           _Frees_ptr_opt_ LPVOID Buffer
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/netutils.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/netutils.py
index 1bd15748..792c48bb 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/netutils.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/netutils.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("NetApiBufferFree", argc=1)
-    def NetApiBufferFree(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NetApiBufferFree(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NET_API_STATUS NET_API_FUNCTION NetApiBufferFree(
           _Frees_ptr_opt_ LPVOID Buffer
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ntdll.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ntdll.py
index 6db37813..e0b5f024 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ntdll.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ntdll.py
@@ -31,23 +31,23 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("RtlGetLastWin32Error", argc=0)
-    def RtlGetLastWin32Error(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlGetLastWin32Error(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """DWORD RtlGetLastWin32Error();"""
 
         return emu.get_last_error()
 
     @apihook("RtlNtStatusToDosError", argc=1)
-    def RtlNtStatusToDosError(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlNtStatusToDosError(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """ULONG RtlNtStatusToDosError(NTSTATUS Status);"""
         return 0
 
     @apihook("RtlFlushSecureMemoryCache", argc=2)
-    def RtlFlushSecureMemoryCache(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlFlushSecureMemoryCache(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """DWORD RtlFlushSecureMemoryCache(PVOID arg0, PVOID arg1);"""
         return True
 
     @apihook("RtlAddVectoredExceptionHandler", argc=2)
-    def RtlAddVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlAddVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID AddVectoredExceptionHandler(
             ULONG                       First,
@@ -61,14 +61,14 @@ def RtlAddVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return Handler
 
     @apihook("NtYieldExecution", argc=0)
-    def NtYieldExecution(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NtYieldExecution(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NtYieldExecution();
         """
         return 0
 
     @apihook("RtlRemoveVectoredExceptionHandler", argc=1)
-    def RtlRemoveVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlRemoveVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ULONG RemoveVectoredExceptionHandler(
             PVOID Handle
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ def RtlRemoveVectoredExceptionHandler(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return Handler
 
     @apihook("LdrLoadDll", argc=4)
-    def LdrLoadDll(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LdrLoadDll(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """NTSTATUS
         NTAPI
         LdrLoadDll(
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ def LdrLoadDll(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("LdrGetProcedureAddress", argc=4)
-    def LdrGetProcedureAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LdrGetProcedureAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS LdrGetProcedureAddress(
             HMODULE ModuleHandle,
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ def LdrGetProcedureAddress(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlZeroMemory", argc=2)
-    def RtlZeroMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlZeroMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void RtlZeroMemory(
             void*  Destination,
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ def RtlZeroMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_write(dest, buf)
 
     @apihook("RtlMoveMemory", argc=3)
-    def RtlMoveMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlMoveMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void RtlMoveMemory(void* pvDest, const void *pSrc, size_t Length);
         """
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ def RtlMoveMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_write(dest, buf)
 
     @apihook("NtSetInformationProcess", argc=4)
-    def NtSetInformationProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NtSetInformationProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS
         NTAPI
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ def NtSetInformationProcess(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("RtlEncodePointer", argc=1)
-    def RtlEncodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlEncodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID
         NTAPI
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ def RtlEncodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlDecodePointer", argc=1)
-    def RtlDecodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlDecodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PVOID
         NTAPI
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ def RtlDecodePointer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("NtWaitForSingleObject", argc=3)
-    def NtWaitForSingleObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NtWaitForSingleObject(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSYSAPI
         NTSTATUS
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ def NtWaitForSingleObject(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RtlComputeCrc32", argc=3)
-    def RtlComputeCrc32(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RtlComputeCrc32(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD RtlComputeCrc32(
             DWORD       dwInitial,
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ def RtlComputeCrc32(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return dwInitial
 
     @apihook("LdrFindResource_U", argc=4)
-    def LdrFindResource_U(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LdrFindResource_U(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         pub unsafe extern "system" fn LdrFindResource_U(
             DllHandle: PVOID,
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ def LdrFindResource_U(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ddk.STATUS_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("NtUnmapViewOfSection", argc=2)
-    def NtUnmapViewOfSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NtUnmapViewOfSection(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS NtUnmapViewOfSection(
             HANDLE ProcessHandle,
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ def NtUnmapViewOfSection(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ddk.STATUS_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("LdrAccessResource", argc=4)
-    def LdrAccessResource(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LdrAccessResource(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NTSTATUS NTAPI LdrAccessResource    (   _In_ PVOID      BaseAddress,
                 _In_ PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DATA_ENTRY     ResourceDataEntry,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ole32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ole32.py
index 5d930887..e6d492fb 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ole32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ole32.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         self.names = {}
 
     @apihook("OleInitialize", argc=1)
-    def OleInitialize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OleInitialize(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT OleInitialize(
             IN LPVOID pvReserved
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def OleInitialize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CoInitialize", argc=1)
-    def CoInitialize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CoInitialize(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT CoInitialize(
           LPVOID pvReserved
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ def CoInitialize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CoInitializeEx", argc=2)
-    def CoInitializeEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CoInitializeEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT CoInitializeEx(
           LPVOID pvReserved,
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ def CoInitializeEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CoUninitialize", argc=0)
-    def CoUninitialize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CoUninitialize(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void CoUninitialize();
         """
 
     @apihook("CoInitializeSecurity", argc=9)
-    def CoInitializeSecurity(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CoInitializeSecurity(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT CoInitializeSecurity(
           PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR        pSecDesc,
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ def CoInitializeSecurity(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CoCreateInstance", argc=5)
-    def CoCreateInstance(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CoCreateInstance(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT CoCreateInstance(
           REFCLSID  rclsid,
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ def CoCreateInstance(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CoSetProxyBlanket", argc=8)
-    def CoSetProxyBlanket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CoSetProxyBlanket(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT CoSetProxyBlanket(
             IUnknown                 *pProxy,
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ def CoSetProxyBlanket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("StringFromCLSID", argc=2)
-    def StringFromCLSID(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def StringFromCLSID(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT StringFromCLSID(
         REFCLSID rclsid,
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ def StringFromCLSID(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CoCreateGuid", argc=1)
-    def CoCreateGuid(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CoCreateGuid(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         pguid = argv[0]
         guid_bytes = b"\xde\xad\xc0\xde\xbe\xef\xca\xfe\xba\xbe\x01\x23\x45\x67\x89\xab"
         if pguid:
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/oleaut32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/oleaut32.py
index 6596b9da..95b3e5b5 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/oleaut32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/oleaut32.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("SysAllocString", argc=1, ordinal=2)
-    def SysAllocString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SysAllocString(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BSTR SysAllocString(
             const OLECHAR *psz
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def SysAllocString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("SysAllocStringLen", argc=2, ordinal=4)
-    def SysAllocStringLen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SysAllocStringLen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BSTR SysAllocStringLen(
           [in] const OLECHAR *strIn,
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def SysAllocStringLen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return bstr + 4
 
     @apihook("SysFreeString", argc=1, ordinal=6)
-    def SysFreeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SysFreeString(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void SysFreeString(
             BSTR bstrString
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def SysFreeString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("VariantInit", argc=1, ordinal=8)
-    def VariantInit(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def VariantInit(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void VariantInit(
             VARIANTARG *pvarg
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/psapi.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/psapi.py
index 25ae90c4..76099164 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/psapi.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/psapi.py
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def _get_module_file_name(self, proc, hModule):
         return proc.path or ""
 
     @apihook("EnumProcesses", argc=3)
-    def EnumProcesses(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EnumProcesses(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         lpidProcess, cb, lpcbNeeded = argv
         processes = emu.get_processes()
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def EnumProcesses(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("EnumProcessModules", argc=4)
-    def EnumProcessModules(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EnumProcessModules(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         hProcess, lphModule, cb, lpcbNeeded = argv
         proc = self.get_object_from_handle(hProcess)
         if not proc:
@@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ def EnumProcessModules(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
     @apihook("GetModuleBaseName", argc=4)
     @apihook("GetModuleBaseNameA", argc=4)
     @apihook("GetModuleBaseNameW", argc=4)
-    def GetModuleBaseName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetModuleBaseName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hProcess, hModule, lpBaseName, nSize = argv
         if not lpBaseName or nSize == 0:
             return 0
@@ -129,7 +130,8 @@ def GetModuleBaseName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
     @apihook("GetModuleFileNameEx", argc=4)
     @apihook("GetModuleFileNameExA", argc=4)
     @apihook("GetModuleFileNameExW", argc=4)
-    def GetModuleFileNameEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetModuleFileNameEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hProcess, hModule, lpFilename, nSize = argv
         if not lpFilename or nSize == 0:
             return 0
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/rpcrt4.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/rpcrt4.py
index 3aff5c9e..6e4ae81a 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/rpcrt4.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/rpcrt4.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__init__(emu)
 
     @apihook("UuidCreate", argc=1)
-    def UuidCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def UuidCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         RPC_STATUS UuidCreate(
           UUID *Uuid
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def UuidCreate(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("UuidToStringA", argc=2)
-    def UuidToStringA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def UuidToStringA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         RPC_STATUS UuidToStringA(
           const UUID *Uuid,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/secur32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/secur32.py
index cab8397b..a7808b4c 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/secur32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/secur32.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("GetUserNameEx", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def GetUserNameEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetUserNameEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLEAN SEC_ENTRY GetUserNameExA(
           EXTENDED_NAME_FORMAT NameFormat,
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ def GetUserNameEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           PULONG               nSize
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         NameFormat, lpNameBuffer, nSize = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ def GetUserNameEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("EncryptMessage", argc=4)
-    def EncryptMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EncryptMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SECURITY_STATUS SEC_ENTRY EncryptMessage(
         PCtxtHandle    phContext,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/sfc.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/sfc.py
index 8f2476e0..0e7851c2 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/sfc.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/sfc.py
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("SfcIsFileProtected", argc=2)
-    def SfcIsFileProtected(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SfcIsFileProtected(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return False
 
     @apihook("SfcTerminateWatcherThread", argc=0, ordinal=2)
-    def SfcTerminateWatcherThread(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SfcTerminateWatcherThread(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         return 0
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/shell32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/shell32.py
index 219820b7..c234f8d9 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/shell32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/shell32.py
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def get_handle(self):
         return self.curr_handle
 
     @apihook("SHCreateDirectoryEx", argc=3)
-    def SHCreateDirectoryEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SHCreateDirectoryEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int SHCreateDirectoryExA(
             HWND                      hwnd,
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ def SHCreateDirectoryEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             const SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES *psa
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hwnd, pszPath, psa = argv
 
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ def SHCreateDirectoryEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("ShellExecute", argc=6)
-    def ShellExecute(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ShellExecute(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HINSTANCE ShellExecuteA(
             HWND   hwnd,
@@ -69,6 +70,7 @@ def ShellExecute(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             INT    nShowCmd
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hwnd, lpOperation, lpFile, lpParameters, lpDirectory, nShowCmd = argv
 
@@ -99,12 +101,13 @@ def ShellExecute(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 33
 
     @apihook("ShellExecuteEx", argc=1)
-    def ShellExecuteEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ShellExecuteEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ShellExecuteExA(
             [in, out] SHELLEXECUTEINFOA *pExecInfo
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (lpShellExecuteInfo,) = argv
 
         sei = shell32_defs.SHELLEXECUTEINFOA(emu.get_ptr_size())
@@ -117,7 +120,7 @@ def ShellExecuteEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("SHChangeNotify", argc=4)
-    def SHChangeNotify(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SHChangeNotify(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void SHChangeNotify(
             LONG wEventId,
@@ -129,14 +132,14 @@ def SHChangeNotify(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("IsUserAnAdmin", argc=0, ordinal=680)
-    def IsUserAnAdmin(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsUserAnAdmin(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsUserAnAdmin();
         """
         return emu.config.user.is_admin
 
     @apihook("SHGetMalloc", argc=1)
-    def SHGetMalloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SHGetMalloc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SHSTDAPI SHGetMalloc(
             IMalloc **ppMalloc
@@ -151,13 +154,14 @@ def SHGetMalloc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CommandLineToArgv", argc=2)
-    def CommandLineToArgv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CommandLineToArgv(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPWSTR * CommandLineToArgv(
             LPCWSTR lpCmdLine,
             int     *pNumArgs
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         cmdline, argc = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -194,7 +198,7 @@ def CommandLineToArgv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return buf
 
     @apihook("ExtractIcon", argc=3)
-    def ExtractIcon(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ExtractIcon(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HICON ExtractIconA(
           HINSTANCE hInst,
@@ -206,7 +210,7 @@ def ExtractIcon(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("SHGetFolderPath", argc=5)
-    def SHGetFolderPath(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SHGetFolderPath(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND   hwnd,
         int    csidl,
@@ -214,6 +218,7 @@ def SHGetFolderPath(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         DWORD  dwFlags,
         LPWSTR pszPath
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hwnd, csidl, hToken, dwFlags, pszPath = argv
         if csidl in shell32_defs.CSIDL:
             argv[1] = shell32_defs.CSIDL[csidl]
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/shlwapi.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/shlwapi.py
index d3c71d28..8fadfafb 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/shlwapi.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/shlwapi.py
@@ -37,12 +37,13 @@ def join_windows_path(self, *args, **kwargs):
         return os.path.join(*args, **kwargs).replace("/", "\\")
 
     @apihook("PathIsRelative", argc=1)
-    def PathIsRelative(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PathIsRelative(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL PathIsRelativeA(
             LPCSTR pszPath
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         (pszPath,) = argv
 
@@ -59,13 +60,14 @@ def PathIsRelative(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("StrStr", argc=2)
-    def StrStr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def StrStr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PCSTR StrStr(
             PCSTR pszFirst,
             PCSTR pszSrch
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hay, needle = argv
 
@@ -88,13 +90,14 @@ def StrStr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ret
 
     @apihook("StrStrI", argc=2)
-    def StrStrI(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def StrStrI(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PCSTR StrStrI(
             PCSTR pszFirst,
             PCSTR pszSrch
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hay, needle = argv
 
@@ -119,11 +122,12 @@ def StrStrI(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ret
 
     @apihook("PathFindExtension", argc=1)
-    def PathFindExtension(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PathFindExtension(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """LPCSTR PathFindExtensionA(
           LPCSTR pszPath
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (pszPath,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         s = self.read_mem_string(pszPath, cw)
@@ -138,13 +142,14 @@ def PathFindExtension(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return pszPath + idx1 + 1 + idx2
 
     @apihook("StrCmpI", argc=2)
-    def StrCmpI(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def StrCmpI(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int StrCmpI(
         PCWSTR psz1,
         PCWSTR psz2
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         psz1, psz2 = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -161,12 +166,13 @@ def StrCmpI(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("PathFindFileName", argc=1)
-    def PathFindFileName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PathFindFileName(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPCSTR PathFindFileNameA(
           LPCSTR pszPath
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (pszPath,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         s = self.read_mem_string(pszPath, cw)
@@ -179,12 +185,13 @@ def PathFindFileName(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return pszPath + idx + 1
 
     @apihook("PathRemoveExtension", argc=1)
-    def PathRemoveExtension(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PathRemoveExtension(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void PathRemoveExtensionA(
           LPSTR pszPath
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (pszPath,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         s = self.read_mem_string(pszPath, cw)
@@ -201,12 +208,13 @@ def PathRemoveExtension(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return pszPath
 
     @apihook("PathStripPath", argc=1)
-    def PathStripPath(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PathStripPath(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void PathStripPath(
         LPSTR pszPath
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (pszPath,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         s = self.read_mem_string(pszPath, cw)
@@ -218,7 +226,7 @@ def PathStripPath(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         self.mem_write(pszPath, mod_name)
 
     @apihook("wvnsprintfA", argc=4)
-    def wvnsprintfA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wvnsprintfA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int wvnsprintfA(
             PSTR    pszDest,
@@ -246,7 +254,7 @@ def wvnsprintfA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("wnsprintf", argc=e_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wnsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wnsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int wnsprintfA(
           PSTR  pszDest,
@@ -255,6 +263,7 @@ def wnsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           ...
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         argv = emu.get_func_argv(e_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL, 3)
         buf, max_buf_size, fmt = argv
 
@@ -279,13 +288,14 @@ def wnsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             return -1
 
     @apihook("PathAppend", argc=2)
-    def PathAppend(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PathAppend(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL PathAppendA(
           LPSTR  pszPath,
           LPCSTR pszMore
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         pszPath, pszMore = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         path = self.read_mem_string(pszPath, cw)
@@ -298,7 +308,7 @@ def PathAppend(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("PathCanonicalize", argc=2)
-    def PathCanonicalize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PathCanonicalize(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL PathCanonicalizeW(
             [out] LPWSTR  pszBuf,
@@ -311,10 +321,11 @@ def PathCanonicalize(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("PathRemoveFileSpec", argc=1)
-    def PathRemoveFileSpec(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PathRemoveFileSpec(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL PathRemoveFileSpec(LPTSTR pszPath);
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (pszPath,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         s = self.read_mem_string(pszPath, cw)
@@ -327,10 +338,11 @@ def PathRemoveFileSpec(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("PathAddBackslash", argc=1)
-    def PathAddBackslash(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PathAddBackslash(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPTSTR PathAddBackslash(LPTSTR pszPath);
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (pszPath,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         s = self.read_mem_string(pszPath, cw)
@@ -343,13 +355,14 @@ def PathAddBackslash(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return pszPath
 
     @apihook("PathRenameExtension", argc=2)
-    def PathRenameExtension(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PathRenameExtension(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL PathRenameExtension(
           [in, out] LPSTR  pszPath,
           [in]      LPCSTR pszExt
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         pszPath, pszExt = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/urlmon.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/urlmon.py
index 28a0dd61..17cfc06d 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/urlmon.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/urlmon.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         self.names = {}
 
     @apihook("URLDownloadToFile", argc=5)
-    def URLDownloadToFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def URLDownloadToFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT URLDownloadToFile(
                     LPUNKNOWN            pCaller,
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ def URLDownloadToFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
                     LPBINDSTATUSCALLBACK lpfnCB
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         pCaller, szURL, szFileName, dwReserved, lpfnCB = argv
         rv = windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ def URLDownloadToFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("URLDownloadToCacheFile", argc=6)
-    def URLDownloadToCacheFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def URLDownloadToCacheFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HRESULT URLDownloadToCacheFileA(
           LPUNKNOWN            pCaller,
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@ def URLDownloadToCacheFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           LPBINDSTATUSCALLBACK lpfnCB
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         pCaller, szURL, szFileName, cchFileName, dwReserved, lpfnCB = argv
         rv = windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/user32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/user32.py
index 8936a136..50a467bf 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/user32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/user32.py
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ def find_string_resource_by_id(self, pe, uID):
         return pe_metadata.string_table.get(uID)
 
     @apihook("GetDesktopWindow", argc=0)
-    def GetDesktopWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetDesktopWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """HWND GetDesktopWindow();"""
 
         hnd = 0
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def GetDesktopWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("ShowWindow", argc=2)
-    def ShowWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ShowWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """BOOL ShowWindow(
           HWND hWnd,
           int  nCmdShow
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ def ShowWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CreateWindowStation", argc=4)
-    def CreateWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWINSTA CreateWindowStation(
             LPCSTR                lpwinsta,
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ def CreateWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("SetProcessWindowStation", argc=1)
-    def SetProcessWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetProcessWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetProcessWindowStation(
             HWINSTA hWinSta
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ def SetProcessWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetDC", argc=1)
-    def GetDC(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetDC(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HDC GetDC(
           HWND hWnd
@@ -175,12 +175,13 @@ def GetDC(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("RegisterClassEx", argc=1)
-    def RegisterClassEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegisterClassEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         ATOM RegisterClassEx(
             const WNDCLASSEXA *Arg1
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (Arg1,) = argv
         wclass = windefs.WNDCLASSEX(emu.get_ptr_size())
         wclass = self.mem_cast(wclass, Arg1)
@@ -195,7 +196,7 @@ def RegisterClassEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return atom
 
     @apihook("UnregisterClass", argc=2)
-    def UnregisterClass(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def UnregisterClass(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL UnregisterClass(
             LPCSTR    lpClassName,
@@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ def UnregisterClass(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("SetCursorPos", argc=2)
-    def SetCursorPos(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetCursorPos(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetCursorPos(
         int X,
@@ -216,7 +217,7 @@ def SetCursorPos(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CloseDesktop", argc=1)
-    def CloseDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CloseDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CloseDesktop(
         HDESK hDesktop
@@ -225,7 +226,7 @@ def CloseDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CloseWindowStation", argc=1)
-    def CloseWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CloseWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL CloseWindowStation(
         HWINSTA hWinSta
@@ -234,7 +235,7 @@ def CloseWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetThreadDesktop", argc=1)
-    def GetThreadDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetThreadDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HDESK GetThreadDesktop(
         DWORD dwThreadId
@@ -243,7 +244,7 @@ def GetThreadDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("OpenWindowStation", argc=3)
-    def OpenWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OpenWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWINSTA OpenWindowStation(
         LPCSTR      lpszWinSta,
@@ -254,7 +255,7 @@ def OpenWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("ChangeWindowMessageFilter", argc=2)
-    def ChangeWindowMessageFilter(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ChangeWindowMessageFilter(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL ChangeWindowMessageFilter(
             UINT  message,
@@ -266,7 +267,7 @@ def ChangeWindowMessageFilter(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("UpdateWindow", argc=1)
-    def UpdateWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def UpdateWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL UpdateWindow(
             HWND hWnd
@@ -285,7 +286,7 @@ def UpdateWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("PostQuitMessage", argc=1)
-    def PostQuitMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PostQuitMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void PostQuitMessage(
             int nExitCode
@@ -294,7 +295,7 @@ def PostQuitMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("DestroyWindow", argc=1)
-    def DestroyWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DestroyWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL DestroyWindow(
             HWND hWnd
@@ -303,7 +304,7 @@ def DestroyWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("DefWindowProc", argc=4)
-    def DefWindowProc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DefWindowProc(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LRESULT LRESULT DefWindowProc(
             HWND   hWnd,
@@ -315,7 +316,7 @@ def DefWindowProc(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("CreateWindowEx", argc=12)
-    def CreateWindowEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateWindowEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND CreateWindowExA(
             DWORD     dwExStyle,
@@ -332,6 +333,7 @@ def CreateWindowEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPVOID    lpParam
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         _, cn, wn, _, x, y, width, height, parent, menu, inst, param = argv
         if cn:
@@ -348,7 +350,7 @@ def CreateWindowEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("SetLayeredWindowAttributes", argc=4)
-    def SetLayeredWindowAttributes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetLayeredWindowAttributes(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetLayeredWindowAttributes(
           [in] HWND     hwnd,
@@ -361,13 +363,14 @@ def SetLayeredWindowAttributes(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("MessageBox", argc=4)
-    def MessageBox(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MessageBox(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """int MessageBox(
           HWND    hWnd,
           LPCTSTR lpText,
           LPCTSTR lpCaption,
           UINT    uType
         );"""
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hWnd, lpText, lpCaption, uType = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -383,7 +386,7 @@ def MessageBox(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("MessageBoxEx", argc=5)
-    def MessageBoxEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MessageBoxEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int MessageBoxExA(
             HWND   hWnd,
@@ -393,13 +396,14 @@ def MessageBoxEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             WORD   wLanguageId
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         av = argv[:-1]
         rv = self.MessageBox(emu, av, ctx)
         argv[:4] = av
         return rv
 
     @apihook("LoadString", argc=4)
-    def LoadString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LoadString(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int LoadStringW(
           HINSTANCE hInstance,
@@ -408,6 +412,7 @@ def LoadString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           int       cchBufferMax
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hInstance, uID, lpBuffer, ccBufferMax = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -455,7 +460,7 @@ def LoadString(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(encoded)
 
     @apihook("GetCursorPos", argc=1)
-    def GetCursorPos(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCursorPos(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetCursorPos(
           LPPOINT lpPoint
@@ -468,7 +473,7 @@ def GetCursorPos(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetAsyncKeyState", argc=1)
-    def GetAsyncKeyState(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetAsyncKeyState(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SHORT GetAsyncKeyState(
           [in] int vKey
@@ -479,7 +484,7 @@ def GetAsyncKeyState(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_synthetic_async_key_state(vkey)
 
     @apihook("GetKeyboardType", argc=1)
-    def GetKeyboardType(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetKeyboardType(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetKeyboardType(
           int nTypeFlag
@@ -495,7 +500,7 @@ def GetKeyboardType(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetSystemMetrics", argc=1)
-    def GetSystemMetrics(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSystemMetrics(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetSystemMetrics(
           int nIndex
@@ -508,7 +513,7 @@ def GetSystemMetrics(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("LoadBitmap", argc=2)
-    def LoadBitmap(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LoadBitmap(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HBITMAP LoadBitmap(
             HINSTANCE hInstance,
@@ -520,7 +525,7 @@ def LoadBitmap(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetClientRect", argc=2)
-    def GetClientRect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetClientRect(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetClientRect(
           [in]  HWND   hWnd,
@@ -530,12 +535,13 @@ def GetClientRect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("RegisterWindowMessage", argc=1)
-    def RegisterWindowMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegisterWindowMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT RegisterWindowMessageA(
           LPCSTR lpString
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         (lpString,) = argv
         rv = 0xC000
@@ -548,7 +554,7 @@ def RegisterWindowMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("wsprintf", argc=_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int WINAPIV wsprintf(
           LPSTR  ,
@@ -556,6 +562,7 @@ def wsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           ...
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
 
         buf, fmt = emu.get_func_argv(_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL, 2)
@@ -576,7 +583,7 @@ def wsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("PeekMessage", argc=5)
-    def PeekMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PeekMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL PeekMessageA(
             LPMSG lpMsg,
@@ -589,7 +596,7 @@ def PeekMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return False
 
     @apihook("PostMessage", argc=4)
-    def PostMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PostMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL PostMessage(
             HWND   hWnd,
@@ -601,7 +608,7 @@ def PostMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("SendMessage", argc=4)
-    def SendMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SendMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LRESULT SendMessage(
             HWND   hWnd,
@@ -617,7 +624,7 @@ def SendMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return False
 
     @apihook("CallNextHookEx", argc=4)
-    def CallNextHookEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CallNextHookEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LRESULT CallNextHookEx(
             HHOOK  hhk,
@@ -630,7 +637,7 @@ def CallNextHookEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("SetWindowsHookEx", argc=4)
-    def SetWindowsHookEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetWindowsHookEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HHOOK SetWindowsHookEx(
             int       idHook,
@@ -651,7 +658,7 @@ def SetWindowsHookEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("UnhookWindowsHookEx", argc=1)
-    def UnhookWindowsHookEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def UnhookWindowsHookEx(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL UnhookWindowsHookEx(
             HHOOK hhk
@@ -666,7 +673,7 @@ def UnhookWindowsHookEx(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("MsgWaitForMultipleObjects", argc=5)
-    def MsgWaitForMultipleObjects(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def MsgWaitForMultipleObjects(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD MsgWaitForMultipleObjects(
             DWORD        nCount,
@@ -679,7 +686,7 @@ def MsgWaitForMultipleObjects(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetMessage", argc=4)
-    def GetMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetMessage(
             LPMSG lpMsg,
@@ -720,7 +727,7 @@ def GetMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("TranslateMessage", argc=1)
-    def TranslateMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def TranslateMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL TranslateMessage(
             const MSG *lpMsg
@@ -729,7 +736,7 @@ def TranslateMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("DispatchMessage", argc=1)
-    def DispatchMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DispatchMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LRESULT DispatchMessage(
             const MSG *lpMsg
@@ -743,14 +750,14 @@ def DispatchMessage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetForegroundWindow", argc=0)
-    def GetForegroundWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetForegroundWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND GetForegroundWindow();
         """
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("LoadCursor", argc=2)
-    def LoadCursor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LoadCursor(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HCURSOR LoadCursor(
         HINSTANCE hInstance,
@@ -760,13 +767,14 @@ def LoadCursor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("FindWindow", argc=2)
-    def FindWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FindWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND FindWindow(
             LPCSTR lpClassName,
             LPCSTR lpWindowName
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpClassName, lpWindowName = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         if lpClassName:
@@ -778,7 +786,7 @@ def FindWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetWindowText", argc=3)
-    def GetWindowText(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetWindowText(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetWindowText(
             HWND  hWnd,
@@ -786,6 +794,7 @@ def GetWindowText(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             int   nMaxCount
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hnd, pstr, maxc = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -800,7 +809,7 @@ def GetWindowText(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(win_text)
 
     @apihook("PaintDesktop", argc=1)
-    def PaintDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def PaintDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL PaintDesktop(
         HDC hdc
@@ -809,7 +818,8 @@ def PaintDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("wvsprintf", argc=_arch.VAR_ARGS, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL)
-    def wvsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def wvsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         buf, fmt, va_list = emu.get_func_argv(_arch.CALL_CONV_CDECL, 3)[:3]
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         fmt_str = self.read_mem_string(fmt, cw)
@@ -824,7 +834,7 @@ def wvsprintf(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(fin)
 
     @apihook("ReleaseDC", argc=2)
-    def ReleaseDC(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ReleaseDC(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int ReleaseDC(
           HWND hWnd,
@@ -834,12 +844,13 @@ def ReleaseDC(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("CharNext", argc=1)
-    def CharNext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CharNext(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPSTR CharNext(
             LPCSTR lpsz
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (s,) = argv
         rv = 0
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -848,13 +859,14 @@ def CharNext(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CharPrev", argc=2)
-    def CharPrev(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CharPrev(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPSTR CharPrev(
             LPCSTR lpszStart,
             LPCSTR lpszCurrent
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         """
         Got this from wine.          
         https://github.com/wine-mirror/wine/blob/a8c1d5c108fc57e4d78e9db126f395c89083a83d/dlls/kernelbase/string.c
@@ -870,7 +882,7 @@ def CharPrev(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return s
 
     @apihook("EnumWindows", argc=2)
-    def EnumWindows(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EnumWindows(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL EnumWindows(
             WNDENUMPROC lpEnumFunc,
@@ -883,7 +895,7 @@ def EnumWindows(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetSysColor", argc=1)
-    def GetSysColor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSysColor(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetSysColor(
             int nIndex
@@ -895,7 +907,7 @@ def GetSysColor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetParent", argc=1)
-    def GetParent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetParent(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND GetParent(
             HWND hWnd
@@ -904,7 +916,7 @@ def GetParent(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("GetSysColorBrush", argc=1)
-    def GetSysColorBrush(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetSysColorBrush(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HBRUSH GetSysColorBrush(
             int nIndex
@@ -916,7 +928,7 @@ def GetSysColorBrush(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("GetWindowLong", argc=2)
-    def GetWindowLong(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetWindowLong(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG GetWindowLongA(
             HWND hWnd,
@@ -932,7 +944,7 @@ def GetWindowLong(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("SetWindowLong", argc=3)
-    def SetWindowLong(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetWindowLong(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG SetWindowLongA(
           HWND hWnd,
@@ -949,7 +961,7 @@ def SetWindowLong(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("DialogBoxParam", argc=5)
-    def DialogBoxParam(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def DialogBoxParam(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         INT_PTR DialogBoxParam(
             HINSTANCE hInstance,
@@ -959,6 +971,7 @@ def DialogBoxParam(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPARAM    dwInitParam
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hInstance, lpTemplateName, hWndParent, lpDialogFunc, dwInitParam = argv
         rv = self.get_handle()
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -969,7 +982,7 @@ def DialogBoxParam(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("CreateDialogIndirectParam", argc=5)
-    def CreateDialogIndirectParam(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CreateDialogIndirectParam(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND CreateDialogIndirectParam(
         HINSTANCE       hInstance,
@@ -993,7 +1006,7 @@ def CreateDialogIndirectParam(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("GetMenuInfo", argc=2)
-    def GetMenuInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetMenuInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetMenuInfo(
             HMENU,
@@ -1003,7 +1016,7 @@ def GetMenuInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetProcessWindowStation", argc=0)
-    def GetProcessWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetProcessWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWINSTA GetProcessWindowStation();
         """
@@ -1011,7 +1024,7 @@ def GetProcessWindowStation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return sta.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("LoadAccelerators", argc=2)
-    def LoadAccelerators(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LoadAccelerators(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HACCEL LoadAccelerators(
         HINSTANCE hInstance,
@@ -1021,7 +1034,7 @@ def LoadAccelerators(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("IsWindowVisible", argc=1)
-    def IsWindowVisible(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsWindowVisible(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsWindowVisible(
         HWND hWnd
@@ -1030,7 +1043,7 @@ def IsWindowVisible(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("BeginPaint", argc=2)
-    def BeginPaint(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def BeginPaint(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HDC BeginPaint(
         HWND          hWnd,
@@ -1040,7 +1053,7 @@ def BeginPaint(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("LookupIconIdFromDirectory", argc=2)
-    def LookupIconIdFromDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LookupIconIdFromDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int LookupIconIdFromDirectory(
         PBYTE presbits,
@@ -1050,14 +1063,14 @@ def LookupIconIdFromDirectory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetActiveWindow", argc=0)
-    def GetActiveWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetActiveWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND GetActiveWindow();
         """
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("GetLastActivePopup", argc=1)
-    def GetLastActivePopup(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetLastActivePopup(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND GetLastActivePopup(
         HWND hWnd
@@ -1067,7 +1080,7 @@ def GetLastActivePopup(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("GetUserObjectInformation", argc=5)
-    def GetUserObjectInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetUserObjectInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetUserObjectInformation(
             HANDLE  hObj,
@@ -1090,7 +1103,7 @@ def GetUserObjectInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("LoadIcon", argc=2)
-    def LoadIcon(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def LoadIcon(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HICON LoadIcon(
             HINSTANCE hInstance,
@@ -1118,7 +1131,7 @@ def LoadIcon(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetRawInputDeviceList", argc=3)
-    def GetRawInputDeviceList(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetRawInputDeviceList(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GetRawInputDeviceList(
           PRAWINPUTDEVICELIST pRawInputDeviceList,
@@ -1132,7 +1145,7 @@ def GetRawInputDeviceList(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return num_devices
 
     @apihook("GetNextDlgTabItem", argc=3)
-    def GetNextDlgTabItem(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetNextDlgTabItem(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND GetNextDlgTabItem(
           HWND hDlg,
@@ -1143,7 +1156,7 @@ def GetNextDlgTabItem(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetCaretPos", argc=1)
-    def GetCaretPos(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCaretPos(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetCaretPos(
           LPPOINT lpPoint
@@ -1157,7 +1170,7 @@ def GetCaretPos(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetMonitorInfo", argc=2)
-    def GetMonitorInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetMonitorInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetMonitorInfo(
           HMONITOR      hMonitor,
@@ -1172,7 +1185,7 @@ def GetMonitorInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("EndPaint", argc=2)
-    def EndPaint(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EndPaint(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL EndPaint(
           HWND              hWnd,
@@ -1182,7 +1195,7 @@ def EndPaint(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetDlgCtrlID", argc=1)
-    def GetDlgCtrlID(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetDlgCtrlID(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetDlgCtrlID(
           HWND hWnd
@@ -1191,7 +1204,7 @@ def GetDlgCtrlID(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetUpdateRect", argc=3)
-    def GetUpdateRect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetUpdateRect(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetUpdateRect(
           HWND   hWnd,
@@ -1202,7 +1215,7 @@ def GetUpdateRect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetAltTabInfo", argc=5)
-    def GetAltTabInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetAltTabInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL GetAltTabInfoA(
           HWND        hwnd,
@@ -1215,7 +1228,7 @@ def GetAltTabInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetUpdateRgn", argc=3)
-    def GetUpdateRgn(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetUpdateRgn(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetUpdateRgn(
           HWND hWnd,
@@ -1226,7 +1239,7 @@ def GetUpdateRgn(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("FlashWindow", argc=2)
-    def FlashWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def FlashWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL FlashWindow(
           HWND hWnd,
@@ -1236,7 +1249,7 @@ def FlashWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("IsClipboardFormatAvailable", argc=1)
-    def IsClipboardFormatAvailable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsClipboardFormatAvailable(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsClipboardFormatAvailable(
           UINT format
@@ -1245,7 +1258,7 @@ def IsClipboardFormatAvailable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("IsWindow", argc=1)
-    def IsWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def IsWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL IsWindow(
             HWND hWnd
@@ -1256,7 +1269,7 @@ def IsWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("EnableWindow", argc=2)
-    def EnableWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EnableWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL EnableWindow(
         HWND hWnd,
@@ -1268,13 +1281,14 @@ def EnableWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return False
 
     @apihook("CharLowerBuff", argc=2)
-    def CharLowerBuff(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CharLowerBuff(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD CharLowerBuffA(
             LPSTR lpsz,
             DWORD cchLength
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         _str, cchLength = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         val = self.read_mem_string(_str, cw, max_chars=cchLength)
@@ -1284,13 +1298,14 @@ def CharLowerBuff(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return cchLength
 
     @apihook("CharUpperBuff", argc=2)
-    def CharUpperBuff(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CharUpperBuff(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD CharUpperBuffA(
             LPSTR lpsz,
             DWORD cchLength
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         _str, cchLength = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         val = self.read_mem_string(_str, cw, max_chars=cchLength)
@@ -1300,12 +1315,13 @@ def CharUpperBuff(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return cchLength
 
     @apihook("CharLower", argc=1)
-    def CharLower(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CharLower(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPSTR CharLowerA(
             LPSTR lpsz
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (_str,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         bits = _str.bit_length()
@@ -1321,12 +1337,13 @@ def CharLower(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             return _str
 
     @apihook("CharUpper", argc=1)
-    def CharUpper(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CharUpper(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPSTR CharUpperA(
             LPSTR lpsz
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         (_str,) = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         bits = _str.bit_length()
@@ -1342,7 +1359,7 @@ def CharUpper(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             return _str
 
     @apihook("SetTimer", argc=4)
-    def SetTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT_PTR SetTimer(
           HWND      hWnd,
@@ -1356,7 +1373,7 @@ def SetTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("KillTimer", argc=2)
-    def KillTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def KillTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL KillTimer(
           HWND     hWnd,
@@ -1368,7 +1385,7 @@ def KillTimer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("OpenDesktop", argc=4)
-    def OpenDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OpenDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HDESK OpenDesktopA(
             LPCSTR      lpszDesktop,
@@ -1377,6 +1394,7 @@ def OpenDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             ACCESS_MASK dwDesiredAccess
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpszDesktop, dwFlags, fInherit, dwDesiredAccess = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         desktop = self.read_mem_string(lpszDesktop, cw)
@@ -1384,7 +1402,7 @@ def OpenDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return self.get_handle()
 
     @apihook("SetThreadDesktop", argc=1)
-    def SetThreadDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SetThreadDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SetThreadDesktop(
             HDESK hDesktop
@@ -1393,7 +1411,7 @@ def SetThreadDesktop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("GetKeyboardLayoutList", argc=2)
-    def GetKeyboardLayoutList(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetKeyboardLayoutList(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int GetKeyboardLayoutList(
           int nBuff,
@@ -1411,7 +1429,7 @@ def GetKeyboardLayoutList(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetKBCodePage", argc=0)
-    def GetKBCodePage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetKBCodePage(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         INT GetKBCodePage();
         """
@@ -1421,7 +1439,7 @@ def GetKBCodePage(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 437  # OEM United States
 
     @apihook("GetClipboardViewer", argc=0)
-    def GetClipboardViewer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetClipboardViewer(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND GetClipboardViewer();
         """
@@ -1434,7 +1452,7 @@ def GetClipboardViewer(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("GetClipboardOwner", argc=0)
-    def GetClipboardOwner(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetClipboardOwner(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND GetClipboardOwner();
         """
@@ -1447,7 +1465,7 @@ def GetClipboardOwner(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("GetMenuCheckMarkDimensions", argc=0)
-    def GetMenuCheckMarkDimensions(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetMenuCheckMarkDimensions(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LONG GetMenuCheckMarkDimensions();
         """
@@ -1456,7 +1474,7 @@ def GetMenuCheckMarkDimensions(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 983055
 
     @apihook("GetOpenClipboardWindow", argc=0)
-    def GetOpenClipboardWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetOpenClipboardWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND GetOpenClipboardWindow();
         """
@@ -1469,7 +1487,7 @@ def GetOpenClipboardWindow(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("GetFocus", argc=0)
-    def GetFocus(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetFocus(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HWND GetFocus();
         """
@@ -1482,7 +1500,7 @@ def GetFocus(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("GetCursor", argc=0)
-    def GetCursor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCursor(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HCURSOR GetCursor();
         """
@@ -1495,7 +1513,7 @@ def GetCursor(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("GetClipboardSequenceNumber", argc=0)
-    def GetClipboardSequenceNumber(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetClipboardSequenceNumber(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD GetClipboardSequenceNumber();
         """
@@ -1504,7 +1522,7 @@ def GetClipboardSequenceNumber(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 295
 
     @apihook("GetCaretBlinkTime", argc=0)
-    def GetCaretBlinkTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetCaretBlinkTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GetCaretBlinkTime();
         """
@@ -1513,7 +1531,7 @@ def GetCaretBlinkTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 530
 
     @apihook("GetDoubleClickTime", argc=0)
-    def GetDoubleClickTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetDoubleClickTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT GetDoubleClickTime();
         """
@@ -1522,7 +1540,7 @@ def GetDoubleClickTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 500
 
     @apihook("RegisterClipboardFormatA", argc=1)
-    def RegisterClipboardFormatA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def RegisterClipboardFormatA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         UINT RegisterClipboardFormatA(
             LPCSTR lpszFormat
@@ -1533,7 +1551,7 @@ def RegisterClipboardFormatA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0xC000
 
     @apihook("SystemParametersInfoA", argc=4)
-    def SystemParametersInfoA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def SystemParametersInfoA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL SystemParametersInfoA(
             UINT  uiAction,
@@ -1549,7 +1567,7 @@ def SystemParametersInfoA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("GetKeyboardLayout", argc=1)
-    def GetKeyboardLayout(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def GetKeyboardLayout(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         HKL GetKeyboardLayout(
             DWORD idThread
@@ -1560,7 +1578,7 @@ def GetKeyboardLayout(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0x04090409
 
     @apihook("EnumDisplayMonitors", argc=4)
-    def EnumDisplayMonitors(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def EnumDisplayMonitors(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL EnumDisplayMonitors(
             HDC             hdc,
@@ -1576,7 +1594,7 @@ def EnumDisplayMonitors(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("OemToCharA", argc=2)
-    def OemToCharA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def OemToCharA(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL OemToCharA(
             LPCSTR lpszSrc,
@@ -1602,7 +1620,7 @@ def OemToCharA(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("CharPrevW", argc=2)
-    def CharPrevW(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def CharPrevW(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         LPWSTR CharPrevW(
             LPCWSTR lpszStart,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/winhttp.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/winhttp.py
index 68f3b8b7..df28ddee 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/winhttp.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/winhttp.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("WinHttpOpen", argc=5, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpOpen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpOpen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         WINHTTPAPI HINTERNET WinHttpOpen(
           LPCWSTR pszAgentW,
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ def WinHttpOpen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("WinHttpConnect", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         WINHTTPAPI HINTERNET WinHttpConnect(
           IN HINTERNET     hSession,
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ def WinHttpConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hdl
 
     @apihook("WinHttpOpenRequest", argc=7, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpOpenRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpOpenRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         WINHTTPAPI HINTERNET WinHttpOpenRequest(
           IN HINTERNET hConnect,
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ def WinHttpOpenRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hdl
 
     @apihook("WinHttpGetIEProxyConfigForCurrentUser", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpGetIEProxyConfigForCurrentUser(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpGetIEProxyConfigForCurrentUser(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI WinHttpGetIEProxyConfigForCurrentUser(
           IN OUT WINHTTP_CURRENT_USER_IE_PROXY_CONFIG *pProxyConfig
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ def WinHttpGetIEProxyConfigForCurrentUser(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("WinHttpGetProxyForUrl", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpGetProxyForUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpGetProxyForUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI WinHttpGetProxyForUrl(
           IN HINTERNET                 hSession,
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ def WinHttpGetProxyForUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("WinHttpSetOption", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpSetOption(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpSetOption(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI WinHttpSendRequest(
           IN HINTERNET hRequest,
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ def WinHttpSetOption(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("WinHttpSendRequest", argc=7, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpSendRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpSendRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI WinHttpSendRequest(
           IN HINTERNET hRequest,
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ def WinHttpSendRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WinHttpReceiveResponse", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpReceiveResponse(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpReceiveResponse(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         WINHTTPAPI BOOL WinHttpReceiveResponse(
           IN HINTERNET hRequest,
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ def WinHttpReceiveResponse(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return True
 
     @apihook("WinHttpReadData", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpReadData(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpReadData(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI WinHttpReadData(
           IN HINTERNET hRequest,
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ def WinHttpReadData(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WinHttpCrackUrl", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpCrackUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpCrackUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI WinHttpCrackUrl(
             LPCWSTR          pwszUrl,
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ def WinHttpCrackUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WinHttpAddRequestHeaders", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpAddRequestHeaders(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpAddRequestHeaders(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI WinHttpAddRequestHeaders(
           HINTERNET hRequest,
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ def WinHttpAddRequestHeaders(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WinHttpQueryHeaders", argc=6, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpQueryHeaders(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpQueryHeaders(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI WinHttpQueryHeaders(
            HINTERNET hRequest,
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ def WinHttpQueryHeaders(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WinHttpCloseHandle", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WinHttpCloseHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WinHttpCloseHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI WinHttpCloseHandle(
           HINTERNET hInternet
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wininet.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wininet.py
index aa93bd22..1e74dd9d 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wininet.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wininet.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("InternetOpen", argc=5, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def InternetOpen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InternetOpen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void InternetOpenA(
           LPTSTR lpszAgent,
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ def InternetOpen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD  dwFlags
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         ua, access, proxy, bypass, flags = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ def InternetOpen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hnd
 
     @apihook("InternetConnect", argc=8, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def InternetConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InternetConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void InternetConnect(
           HINTERNET     hInternet,
@@ -80,6 +81,7 @@ def InternetConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD_PTR     dwContext
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hnd, server, port, user, password, service, flags, dwctx = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ def InternetConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hdl
 
     @apihook("HttpOpenRequest", argc=8, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def HttpOpenRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def HttpOpenRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void HttpOpenRequest(
           HINTERNET hConnect,
@@ -116,6 +118,7 @@ def HttpOpenRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD_PTR dwContext
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hnd, verb, objname, ver, ref, accepts, flags, dwctx = argv
 
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
@@ -141,7 +144,7 @@ def HttpOpenRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return hdl
 
     @apihook("InternetCrackUrl", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def InternetCrackUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InternetCrackUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI InternetCrackUrl(
             LPCSTR            lpszUrl,
@@ -150,6 +153,7 @@ def InternetCrackUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPURL_COMPONENTSA lpUrlComponents
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         lpszUrl, dwUrlLength, dwFlags, lpUrlComponents = argv
 
         rv = False
@@ -184,7 +188,7 @@ def InternetCrackUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("InternetSetOption", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def InternetSetOption(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InternetSetOption(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI InternetSetOption(
           HINTERNET hInternet,
@@ -200,7 +204,7 @@ def InternetSetOption(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("InternetGetConnectedState", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def InternetGetConnectedState(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InternetGetConnectedState(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI InternetGetConnectedState(
           LPDWORD lpdwFlags,
@@ -219,7 +223,7 @@ def InternetGetConnectedState(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("HttpSendRequest", argc=5, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def HttpSendRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def HttpSendRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI HttpSendRequest(
           HINTERNET hRequest,
@@ -229,6 +233,7 @@ def HttpSendRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD     dwOptionalLength
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hnd, headers, hdrlen, lpOptional, dwOptionalLength = argv
 
         body = b""
@@ -255,7 +260,7 @@ def HttpSendRequest(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("InternetErrorDlg", argc=5, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def InternetErrorDlg(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InternetErrorDlg(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void InternetErrorDlg(
           HWND      hWnd,
@@ -270,7 +275,7 @@ def InternetErrorDlg(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("InternetQueryOption", argc=4)
-    def InternetQueryOption(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InternetQueryOption(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI InternetQueryOption(
             HINTERNET hInternet,
@@ -294,7 +299,7 @@ def InternetQueryOption(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("InternetReadFile", argc=4, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def InternetReadFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InternetReadFile(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI InternetReadFile(
           HINTERNET hFile,
@@ -320,7 +325,7 @@ def InternetReadFile(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("HttpQueryInfo", argc=5)
-    def HttpQueryInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def HttpQueryInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI HttpQueryInfo(
             HINTERNET hRequest,
@@ -330,6 +335,7 @@ def HttpQueryInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPDWORD   lpdwIndex
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hRequest, dwInfoLevel, lpBuffer, lpdwBufferLength, lpdwIndex = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
 
@@ -355,7 +361,7 @@ def HttpQueryInfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("InternetQueryDataAvailable", argc=4)
-    def InternetQueryDataAvailable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InternetQueryDataAvailable(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI InternetQueryDataAvailable(
             HINTERNET hFile,
@@ -377,7 +383,7 @@ def InternetQueryDataAvailable(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("InternetCloseHandle", argc=1)
-    def InternetCloseHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InternetCloseHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOLAPI InternetCloseHandle(
             HINTERNET hInternet
@@ -391,7 +397,7 @@ def InternetCloseHandle(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("InternetOpenUrl", argc=6)
-    def InternetOpenUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def InternetOpenUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void InternetOpenUrlA(
             HINTERNET hInternet,
@@ -402,6 +408,7 @@ def InternetOpenUrl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             DWORD_PTR dwContext
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
         hInternet, lpszUrl, lpszHeaders, dwHeadersLength, dwFlags, dwContext = argv
         cw = self.get_char_width(ctx)
         if lpszUrl:
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/winmm.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/winmm.py
index ff7a0896..c77bd514 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/winmm.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/winmm.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("timeGetTime", argc=0)
-    def timeGetTime(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def timeGetTime(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         DWORD timeGetTime(); // return the system time, in milliseconds
         """
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wkscli.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wkscli.py
index 627b48ea..9993cff5 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wkscli.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wkscli.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("NetGetJoinInformation", argc=3)
-    def NetGetJoinInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def NetGetJoinInformation(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         NET_API_STATUS NET_API_FUNCTION NetGetJoinInformation(
           LPCWSTR lpServer,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ws2_32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ws2_32.py
index 96221434..a8c7d3ae 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ws2_32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/ws2_32.py
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("WSAStartup", argc=2, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL, ordinal=115)
-    def WSAStartup(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WSAStartup(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int WSAStartup(
           WORD      wVersionRequired,
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def WSAStartup(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WSACleanup", argc=0, ordinal=116)
-    def WSACleanup(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WSACleanup(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int WSACleanup();
         """
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def WSACleanup(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("WSASocket", argc=6)
-    def WSASocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WSASocket(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SOCKET WSAAPI WSASocket(
           int                 af,
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ def WSASocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return fd
 
     @apihook("WSAIoctl", argc=9, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WSAIoctl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WSAIoctl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int WSAAPI WSAIoctl(
           SOCKET                             s,
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ def WSAIoctl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return windefs.ERROR_SUCCESS
 
     @apihook("WSAConnect", argc=7, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WSAConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WSAConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int WSAAPI WSAConnect(
             SOCKET         s,
@@ -129,13 +129,14 @@ def WSAConnect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
             LPQOS          lpGQOS
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         # TODO: Add actual function logic. However, for now, just call connect()
 
         return self.connect(emu, argv[:3], ctx)
 
     @apihook("socket", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL, ordinal=23)
-    def socket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def socket(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SOCKET WSAAPI socket(
           int af,
@@ -158,7 +159,7 @@ def socket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return fd
 
     @apihook("inet_addr", argc=1, ordinal=11)
-    def inet_addr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def inet_addr(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         unsigned long inet_addr(
           _In_ const char *cp
@@ -178,7 +179,7 @@ def inet_addr(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("htons", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL, ordinal=9)
-    def htons(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def htons(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         u_short htons(
           u_short hostshort
@@ -191,7 +192,7 @@ def htons(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return netshort
 
     @apihook("ntohs", argc=1, ordinal=15)
-    def ntohs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ntohs(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         u_short ntohs(
             u_short netshort
@@ -202,7 +203,7 @@ def ntohs(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ntohs(netshort)
 
     @apihook("ntohl", argc=1, ordinal=14)
-    def ntohl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ntohl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         u_long ntohl(
             u_long netlong
@@ -213,7 +214,7 @@ def ntohl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ntohl(netlong)
 
     @apihook("setsockopt", argc=5, ordinal=21)
-    def setsockopt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def setsockopt(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int setsockopt(
           SOCKET     s,
@@ -241,7 +242,7 @@ def setsockopt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WSASetLastError", argc=1, ordinal=112)
-    def WSASetLastError(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WSASetLastError(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WSASetLastError(
             int iError
@@ -253,7 +254,7 @@ def WSASetLastError(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("gethostname", argc=2, ordinal=57)
-    def gethostname(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def gethostname(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int gethostname(
             char *name,
@@ -276,7 +277,7 @@ def gethostname(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("gethostbyname", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL, ordinal=52)
-    def gethostbyname(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def gethostbyname(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         struct hostent * gethostbyname(const char FAR * name);
         """
@@ -318,7 +319,7 @@ def gethostbyname(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return ptr_hostent
 
     @apihook("connect", argc=3, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL, ordinal=4)
-    def connect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def connect(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int WSAAPI connect(
           SOCKET         s,
@@ -358,7 +359,7 @@ def connect(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("bind", argc=3, ordinal=2)
-    def bind(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def bind(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int bind(
             SOCKET         s,
@@ -392,7 +393,7 @@ def bind(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("listen", argc=2, ordinal=13)
-    def listen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def listen(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int WSAAPI listen(
             SOCKET s,
@@ -405,7 +406,7 @@ def listen(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("select", argc=5, ordinal=18)
-    def select(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def select(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int WSAAPI select(
             int           nfds,
@@ -436,7 +437,7 @@ def select(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return fd_count
 
     @apihook("accept", argc=3, ordinal=1)
-    def accept(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def accept(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         SOCKET WSAAPI accept(
             SOCKET   s,
@@ -479,7 +480,7 @@ def accept(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return new_sock.fd
 
     @apihook("inet_ntoa", argc=1, ordinal=12)
-    def inet_ntoa(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def inet_ntoa(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         char FAR* inet_ntoa(struct in_addr in);
         """
@@ -494,7 +495,7 @@ def inet_ntoa(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return buf
 
     @apihook("inet_ntop", argc=4, ordinal=180)
-    def inet_ntop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def inet_ntop(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         PCSTR WSAAPI inet_ntop(
           [in]  INT        Family,
@@ -523,7 +524,7 @@ def inet_ntop(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("inet_pton", argc=3, ordinal=181)
-    def inet_pton(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def inet_pton(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         INT WSAAPI inet_pton(
           [in]  INT   Family,
@@ -552,7 +553,7 @@ def inet_pton(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("htonl", argc=1, ordinal=8)
-    def htonl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def htonl(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         uint32_t htonl(uint32_t hostlong);
         """
@@ -560,7 +561,7 @@ def htonl(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return htonl(hostlong)
 
     @apihook("__WSAFDIsSet", argc=2, ordinal=151)
-    def __WSAFDIsSet(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def __WSAFDIsSet(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int __WSAFDIsSet(
             SOCKET ,
@@ -571,7 +572,7 @@ def __WSAFDIsSet(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 1
 
     @apihook("shutdown", argc=2, ordinal=22)
-    def shutdown(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def shutdown(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int shutdown(
             SOCKET s,
@@ -581,7 +582,7 @@ def shutdown(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return 0
 
     @apihook("recv", argc=4, ordinal=16)
-    def recv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def recv(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int recv(
           SOCKET s,
@@ -617,7 +618,7 @@ def recv(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("send", argc=4, ordinal=19)
-    def send(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def send(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int WSAAPI send(
           SOCKET     s,
@@ -648,7 +649,7 @@ def send(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return len(data)
 
     @apihook("closesocket", argc=1, ordinal=3)
-    def closesocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def closesocket(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int closesocket(
           IN SOCKET s
@@ -668,7 +669,7 @@ def closesocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("ioctlsocket", argc=3, ordinal=10)
-    def ioctlsocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def ioctlsocket(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int ioctlsocket(
             SOCKET s,
@@ -686,7 +687,7 @@ def ioctlsocket(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("getaddrinfo", argc=4, ordinal=178)
-    def getaddrinfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def getaddrinfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         INT WSAAPI getaddrinfo(
           PCSTR           pNodeName,
@@ -754,7 +755,7 @@ def getaddrinfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("freeaddrinfo", argc=1, ordinal=177)
-    def freeaddrinfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def freeaddrinfo(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         VOID WSAAPI freeaddrinfo(
           PADDRINFOA pAddrInfo
@@ -765,7 +766,7 @@ def freeaddrinfo(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return
 
     @apihook("getsockopt", argc=5, ordinal=7)
-    def getsockopt(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def getsockopt(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         int getsockopt(
           SOCKET s,
diff --git a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wtsapi32.py b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wtsapi32.py
index 3d1e16dd..d99e0934 100644
--- a/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wtsapi32.py
+++ b/speakeasy/winenv/api/usermode/wtsapi32.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def __init__(self, emu):
         super().__get_hook_attrs__(self)
 
     @apihook("WTSEnumerateSessions", argc=5, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WTSEnumerateSessions(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WTSEnumerateSessions(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         BOOL WTSEnumerateSessions(
           IN HANDLE          hServer,
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ def WTSEnumerateSessions(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
           DWORD              *pCount
         );
         """
+        ctx = ctx or {}
 
         hServer, res, ver, ppSessionInfo, pCount = argv
         rv = 0
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ def WTSEnumerateSessions(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
         return rv
 
     @apihook("WTSFreeMemory", argc=1, conv=_arch.CALL_CONV_STDCALL)
-    def WTSFreeMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx={}):
+    def WTSFreeMemory(self, emu, argv, ctx: api.ApiContext = None):
         """
         void WTSFreeMemory(
           IN PVOID pMemory