diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index e43b0f98..a9c348f7 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 .DS_Store
+.venv/
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/1_Numeric_Variable_Types.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/1_Numeric_Variable_Types.ipynb
index 82530e84..d74ae397 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/1_Numeric_Variable_Types.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/1_Numeric_Variable_Types.ipynb
@@ -46,88 +46,165 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.429214Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.418682Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "55"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
-    "32 + 23"
+    "32 + 23\n"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.456179Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.436541Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "-2"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 4,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "19 - 21"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.503183Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.463300Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "121"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 6,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "11 * 11"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.554866Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.510152Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "0.375"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 7,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "12 / 32"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.565917Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.558759Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "9"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 8,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "3 ** 2"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "34"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 9,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "4 + 6 * 5"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "50"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 11,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "(4 + 6) * 5"
    ]
@@ -145,9 +222,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "8"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 12,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "# Floor division \n",
     "34 // 4"
@@ -163,9 +251,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "2"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 13,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "# Modulo\n",
     "34 % 4"
@@ -183,45 +282,100 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "2.14"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 14,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "abs(2.14)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "2.14"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 15,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "abs(-2.14)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 16,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "11"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 16,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "min(14, 21, 32, 11, 44, 23)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 17,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "44"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 17,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "max(14, 21, 32, 11, 44, 23)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 18,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "3.142"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 18,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "round(3.14159265359, 3)"
    ]
@@ -246,7 +400,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.694614Z",
@@ -261,42 +415,75 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 20,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.711513Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.703416Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Hello'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 20,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "b"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 21,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.723777Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.714309Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "4"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 21,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "a - 4"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 22,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.736043Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.726241Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'HelloHelloHelloHelloHelloHelloHelloHello'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 22,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "a * b"
    ]
@@ -319,14 +506,25 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 23,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.753269Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.738671Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "13"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 23,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "a = a + 5\n",
     "a"
@@ -381,7 +579,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 24,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.223748Z",
@@ -389,14 +587,25 @@
     },
     "scrolled": true
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "14"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 24,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "14 # Int"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 25,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.302631Z",
@@ -404,63 +613,118 @@
     },
     "scrolled": true
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "32.2"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 25,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "32.2 # Float"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 26,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.353655Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.313466Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "(5+6j)"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 26,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "complex(5, 6) # complex"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 27,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.379983Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.361564Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "int"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 27,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "type(14)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 28,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.396272Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.385142Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "float"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 28,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "type(82.6)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 29,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.410079Z",
      "start_time": "2020-06-30T11:34:51.399690Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "complex"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 29,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "type(complex(5, 6))"
    ]
@@ -530,6 +794,30 @@
     "6. `(21 / 3) % 2`"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 46,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "8.0 3.0 144 4 2.857142857142857 1.0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "x1 = 19.0 - 11\n",
+    "x2 = 12 * 0.25\n",
+    "x3 = 12 ** 2\n",
+    "x4 = 25 // 6\n",
+    "x5 = (12 + 8) / 7\n",
+    "x6 = (21 / 3) % 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6)"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -550,6 +838,36 @@
     "What are the values of x and y after each line?"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 48,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "82\n",
+      "30\n",
+      "112\n",
+      "109\n",
+      "8\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "x = 82\n",
+    "print(x)\n",
+    "y = 30\n",
+    "print(y)\n",
+    "x += y\n",
+    "print(x)\n",
+    "y = x - 3\n",
+    "print(y)\n",
+    "x -= y - 5\n",
+    "print(x)"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -563,6 +881,66 @@
     "3. `complex(-5, -10.2)`"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 50,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "int"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 50,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "type(10)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 52,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "float"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 52,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "type(100.32)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 54,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "complex"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 54,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "type(complex(-5, -10.2))"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -575,10 +953,41 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 58,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "27.666666666666668\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "p1 = 21 \n",
+    "p2 = 43\n",
+    "p3 = 19\n",
+    "p_mean = (p1 + p2 +p3)/ 3 \n",
+    "print(p_mean)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 59,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "27.67\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print (round(p_mean, 2))"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
@@ -597,7 +1006,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.3"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   },
   "toc": {
    "base_numbering": 1,
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/2_Strings.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/2_Strings.ipynb
index 50502e17..95b9b214 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/2_Strings.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/2_Strings.ipynb
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:16.315983Z",
@@ -146,14 +146,25 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:16.520959Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:16.516886Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'This is a string variable.'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable # my_str_variable holds the string that we put in it in the above cell. "
    ]
@@ -170,28 +181,50 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:17.160652Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:17.156894Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'My first stringMy second string'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "'My first string' + 'My second string'"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:17.391947Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:17.388407Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Repeating stringRepeating stringRepeating string'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 4,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "'Repeating string' * 3"
    ]
@@ -206,28 +239,50 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:18.143676Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:18.140185Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'My first string My second string'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 5,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "'My first string' + ' ' + 'My second string'"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:18.339653Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:18.336299Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Repeating string Repeating string Repeating string '"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 6,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "'Repeating string ' * 3"
    ]
@@ -242,28 +297,50 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:18.726966Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:18.723621Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Repeating string Repeating string Repeating string'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 8,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "'Repeating string Repeating string Repeating string '.strip()"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:18.916816Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:18.912908Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Repeating string Repeating string Repeating string'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 9,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "' Repeating string Repeating string Repeating string '.strip()"
    ]
@@ -280,7 +357,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:19.338107Z",
@@ -294,28 +371,50 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:19.524151Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:19.520640Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'This is my string to play around with.'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 11,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable.capitalize()"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:19.719967Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:19.716671Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'THIS IS MY STRING TO PLAY AROUND WITH.'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 12,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable.upper()"
    ]
@@ -323,45 +422,94 @@
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:19.959612Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:19.956274Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'this is my string to play around with.'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 13,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable.lower()"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:20.275946Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:20.272448Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'this IS my flING to PLAY around WITH.'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 14,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable.replace('STR', 'fl')"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:20.525214Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:12:20.521608Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "['this', 'IS', 'my', 'STRING', 'to', 'PLAY', 'around', 'WITH.']"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 15,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable.split()"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "my_str_variable.strip"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -407,14 +555,25 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 17,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:15.822311Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:15.816404Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'e'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 17,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable = 'Test String'\n",
     "my_str_variable[1]"
@@ -422,42 +581,75 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 18,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:16.031105Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:16.025334Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'S'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 18,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable[5]"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:16.223295Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:16.218071Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'g'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 19,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable[-1]"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 20,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:16.412098Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:16.408059Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'i'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 20,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable[-3]"
    ]
@@ -474,70 +666,125 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 21,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:16.770139Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:16.764956Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'es'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 21,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable[1:3]"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 22,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:16.957348Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:16.951604Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Stri'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 22,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable[5:9]"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 23,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:17.157518Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:17.152361Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Strin'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 23,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable[-6:-1]"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 24,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:17.357536Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:17.352390Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'est String'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 24,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable[1:]"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 26,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:17.655484Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:17.650201Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Test Strin'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 26,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable[:-1]"
    ]
@@ -556,28 +803,50 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 27,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:20.584891Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:20.579449Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Ts tig'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 27,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable[::2]"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 28,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:21.319490Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:21.313733Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'sSi'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 28,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str_variable[2:10:3]"
    ]
@@ -596,14 +865,26 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 29,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:23.717933Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:23.712350Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "h\n",
+      "e\n",
+      "l\n",
+      "l\n",
+      "o\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str, idx = 'hello', 0\n",
     "while idx < 5:\n",
@@ -621,14 +902,25 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 30,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:41.876818Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T15:44:41.871637Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "5"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 30,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_str = 'hello'\n",
     "\n",
@@ -662,7 +954,12 @@
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
+   "source": [
+    "my_str,ind= 'hello', 0\n",
+    "while idx < len(my_str):\n",
+    "    print(my_str[idx])\n",
+    "    idx += 1\n"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "attachments": {},
@@ -682,10 +979,26 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 34,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "H\n",
+      "e\n",
+      "l\n",
+      "l\n",
+      "o\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "my_str = 'Hello'\n",
+    "for idx in range(len(my_str)):\n",
+    "    print(my_str[idx])"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "attachments": {},
@@ -741,6 +1054,31 @@
     "```"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 36,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Hello Sean\n",
+      "Hello Sean\n",
+      "Hello Sean\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "my_name = 'Sean'\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print('Hello %s' % my_name)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print('Hello {}'.format(my_name))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(f'Hello {my_name}')"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -757,6 +1095,13 @@
     "```"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -784,12 +1129,130 @@
     "    * What happens if you split by a comma and a space (`', '`)?"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "Answer 1. when the string itself contains quots. "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 56,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "They told me not to do this, but I didn't listen.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "my_str_variable = \"They told me not to do this, but I didn't listen.\"\n",
+    "print(my_str_variable)"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Hello elham\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a = 'elham'\n",
+    "b = 'Sara'\n",
+    "print('Hello ' +a)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 45,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Htllo, Stan'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 45,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "my_string = 'Hello, Sean'\n",
+    "my_string. replace('e' , 't')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 48,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "['Hello,', 'Sean']"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 48,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "my_string.split()\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 49,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "['Hello', ' Sean']"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 49,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "my_string.split(',')\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 51,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "['Hello', 'Sean']"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 51,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "my_string.split(', ')"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
@@ -808,7 +1271,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.3"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   },
   "toc": {
    "base_numbering": 1,
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/3_If_Statement.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/3_If_Statement.ipynb
index c8babd23..9cf7d159 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/3_If_Statement.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/3_If_Statement.ipynb
@@ -71,28 +71,50 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 17,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.372095Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.362664Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "bool"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 17,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "type(True)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 18,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.377605Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.373799Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "bool"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 18,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "type(False)"
    ]
@@ -107,84 +129,150 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.383289Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.379756Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 19,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "1 == 2"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 20,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.388673Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.385142Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 20,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "1 != 2"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 21,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.394825Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.390376Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 21,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "1 < 2"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 22,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.400648Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.396761Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 22,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "1 > 2"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 23,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.406052Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.402467Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 23,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "1 <= 2"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 24,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.411632Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.408212Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 24,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "1 >= 2"
    ]
@@ -219,14 +307,22 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 25,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:03.876556Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:01.413240Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "x = input('Please enter a number: ')\n",
     "print(x)"
@@ -242,7 +338,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 27,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:44.215172Z",
@@ -250,7 +346,15 @@
     },
     "scrolled": true
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "x = int(input('Please enter a number: '))\n",
     "if x > 5:\n",
@@ -268,13 +372,6 @@
     "**Note**: `input()` actually interprets the input as strings, so we have to manually tell Python to treat the number we pass as an integer with `int()`."
    ]
   },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -316,7 +413,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 28,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T14:44:59.606574Z",
@@ -324,7 +421,15 @@
     },
     "scrolled": true
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "You entered a positive number.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "x = int(input('Please enter a number: '))\n",
     "if x < 0:\n",
@@ -353,14 +458,22 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 29,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T14:45:15.855255Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T14:45:13.319331Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "You entered a number bigger than 5.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "x = int(input('Please enter a number: '))\n",
     "if x > 5:\n",
@@ -387,13 +500,6 @@
     "**Note**: The `else` part of the statement is actually optional. If it is not included, then we'd notice that at most one of the conditional blocks in an `if`-`else` statement will be evaluated."
    ]
   },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -412,7 +518,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 30,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:08.522244Z",
@@ -441,14 +547,22 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 31,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:08.528373Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:08.524546Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "x = 4\n",
     "if x > 10 or x < 5:\n",
@@ -457,7 +571,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 34,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T11:53:08.536062Z",
@@ -489,9 +603,17 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 35,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "You are either too young or in the wrong country!\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "country = \"US\"\n",
     "age = 18\n",
@@ -542,6 +664,141 @@
     "3. Write the following condition in Python: if x isn't a positive number print x.\n",
     "4. Write the following condition in Python: if x is between 1 and 50 except the numbers between 25 to 30 print x."
    ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 63,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The number is smaller than 100\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "x = 14\n",
+    "if x< 100:\n",
+    "    print('The number is smaller than 100')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 65,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "You entered a positive number.\n",
+      "The number is: 5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "x = int(input('Please enter a number: '))\n",
+    "if x >= 0:\n",
+    "    print('You entered a positive number.')\n",
+    "elif (x + 50) > 0:\n",
+    "    print('By adding 50, it will be positive.')\n",
+    "print('The number is:', x)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 62,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "This is a big number.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "x = 100\n",
+    "if (x // 10) == 0:\n",
+    "    print('This is a single digit number.')\n",
+    "elif (x // 100) == 0:\n",
+    "    print('This is a double digit number.')\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print('This is a big number.')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 68,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The number is between 20 and 30.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "x = 25\n",
+    "if (x >= 20 or x >= 30) : \n",
+    "    print('The number is between 20 and 30.')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "20\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "x = 20\n",
+    "if x > 10 :\n",
+    "    print (x)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if (x // 10) > 0:\n",
+    "    print (x)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 84,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "x = 20\n",
+    "if not (x > 0) :\n",
+    "    print (x)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 93,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "45\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "if x>=1 and x<=50 and not(x>=25 and x<=30):\n",
+    "    print(x)"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
@@ -560,7 +817,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.13"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   },
   "toc": {
    "base_numbering": 1,
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/4_Loops.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/4_Loops.ipynb
index 71dc925d..4e46b0ab 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/4_Loops.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Basics/4_Loops.ipynb
@@ -211,9 +211,19 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "5\n",
+      "8\n",
+      "10\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_list = [5, 8, 10]\n",
     "for i in my_list:\n",
@@ -222,9 +232,19 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Max\n",
+      "Moritz\n",
+      "Monika\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "names = [\"Max\", \"Moritz\", \"Monika\"]\n",
     "for name in names:\n",
@@ -233,9 +253,26 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0\n",
+      "1\n",
+      "2\n",
+      "3\n",
+      "4\n",
+      "5\n",
+      "6\n",
+      "7\n",
+      "8\n",
+      "9\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "for x in range(10):\n",
     "    print(x)"
@@ -279,14 +316,30 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T13:52:12.530455Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T13:52:12.522080Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Loop #: 1, x: 1 and Total: 1\n",
+      "Loop #: 2, x: 2 and Total: 3\n",
+      "Loop #: 3, x: 3 and Total: 6\n",
+      "Loop #: 4, x: 4 and Total: 10\n",
+      "Loop #: 5, skipped x: 5 and Total: 10\n",
+      "Loop #: 6, x: 6 and Total: 16\n",
+      "Loop #: 7, x: 7 and Total: 23\n",
+      "Loop #: 8, x: 8 and Total: 31\n",
+      "Loop #: 9, final x: 9 and final total: 31\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "total, x = 0, 1\n",
     "loop_counter = 1\n",
@@ -341,14 +394,30 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-02-03T13:52:24.516622Z",
      "start_time": "2020-02-03T13:52:24.510260Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Loop #: 1, x: 1 and Total: 1\n",
+      "Loop #: 2, x: 2 and Total: 3\n",
+      "Loop #: 3, x: 3 and Total: 6\n",
+      "Loop #: 4, x: 4 and Total: 10\n",
+      "Loop #: 5, x: 5 and Total: 15\n",
+      "Loop #: 6, x: 6 and Total: 21\n",
+      "Loop #: 7, x: 7 and Total: 28\n",
+      "At Loop # 8 the while-loop was terminated.\n",
+      "The sum exceeded the max value of 25. Your Total is set to 28.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "total, x = 0, 1\n",
     "loop_counter = 1\n",
@@ -422,7 +491,17 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0\n",
+      "1\n",
+      "2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "for i in range(0, 10):\n",
     "    if i == 3:\n",
@@ -434,7 +513,23 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0\n",
+      "1\n",
+      "2\n",
+      "4\n",
+      "5\n",
+      "6\n",
+      "7\n",
+      "8\n",
+      "9\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "for i in range(0, 10):\n",
     "    if i == 3:\n",
@@ -443,7 +538,6 @@
    ]
   },
   {
-   "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
@@ -451,7 +545,6 @@
    ]
   },
   {
-   "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
@@ -474,24 +567,80 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "ExecuteTime": {
-     "end_time": "2020-02-03T13:52:54.890048Z",
-     "start_time": "2020-02-03T13:52:43.542233Z"
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "45\n"
+     ]
     }
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
+   ],
    "source": [
-    "total, x = 0, 1\n",
-    "while x >= 0:\n",
-    "    total += x\n",
-    "    x += 1\n",
-    "print(total)"
+    "i = 1\n",
+    "my_sum = 0\n",
+    "while i != 10:\n",
+    "    my_sum += i\n",
+    "    i += 1\n",
+    "print(my_sum)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "44\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "i = 2\n",
+    "my_sum = 0\n",
+    "while i != 10:\n",
+    "    my_sum += i\n",
+    "    i += 1\n",
+    "print(my_sum)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "48\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "i = 3\n",
+    "my_sum = 0\n",
+    "while (i <= 14):\n",
+    "    if i%2 != 0:\n",
+    "        my_sum += i\n",
+    "    i += 2\n",
+    "print(my_sum)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "attachments": {},
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Check your understanding"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
@@ -504,6 +653,89 @@
     "4. You have a list with all continents ( continents = [\"Africa\", \"Antarctica\", \"Asia\", \"Australia and Oceania\", \"Europe\", \"North America\", \"South America\"] ). Can you print only the continents from the southern hemisphere?"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "45\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sum = 0\n",
+    "for i in range(10):\n",
+    "    sum += i\n",
+    "print(sum)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "44\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sum = 0\n",
+    "for i in range(2,10) :\n",
+    "    sum += i\n",
+    "print(sum)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 42,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "48\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sum = 0\n",
+    "for i in range(3,14,2):\n",
+    "    sum += i\n",
+    "print(sum)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 43,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Antarctica\n",
+      "Asia\n",
+      "North America\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "continents = [\"Africa\", \"Antarctica\", \"Asia\", \"Australia and Oceania\", \"Europe\", \"North America\", \"South America\"]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "for i in continents:\n",
+    "    if (i=='Antarctica') or (i=='Europa') or (i=='North America') or (i=='Asia'):\n",
+    "        print(i)\n"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -519,6 +751,13 @@
     "    "
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -577,7 +816,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.3"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   },
   "metadata": {
    "interpreter": {
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/1_Lists.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/1_Lists.ipynb
index da8a262f..af4d057b 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/1_Lists.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/1_Lists.ipynb
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -64,16 +64,27 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[1, 'hello', 3, 'goodbye']"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_first_lst"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -82,9 +93,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 4,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_second_lst"
    ]
@@ -99,7 +121,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -108,9 +130,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[[1, 2, 3], ['str1', 'str2', 'str3'], [1, 'mixed', 3]]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 6,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_lst_of_lsts"
    ]
@@ -157,7 +190,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -166,9 +199,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "2"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 12,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "# indexing\n",
     "my_lst[1]"
@@ -176,9 +220,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "['hello']"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 13,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "# slicing\n",
     "my_lst[2:3]"
@@ -195,18 +250,40 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[1, 2, 'hello', 'goodbye']"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 14,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_lst[:]"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'goodbye'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 15,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_lst[-1]"
    ]
@@ -221,7 +298,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 16,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -230,9 +307,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[1, 4, 7, 10]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 17,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "# grab every third element of whole list\n",
     "my_lst[::3]"
@@ -240,9 +328,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[1, 4]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 18,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "# grab every third element ending with element #4\n",
     "my_lst[:4:3]"
@@ -266,7 +365,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -275,9 +374,21 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "1\n",
+      "2\n",
+      "3\n",
+      "4\n",
+      "5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "for num in my_lst:\n",
     "    print(num)"
@@ -297,9 +408,21 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0 1\n",
+      "1 2\n",
+      "2 3\n",
+      "3 4\n",
+      "4 5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "for idx, num in enumerate(my_lst):\n",
     "    print(idx, num)"
@@ -354,6 +477,44 @@
     "    "
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 36,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]\n",
+      "[3, 45, 78, 6, 0]\n",
+      "[1.2, 4.3, 5.9, 6.4, 8.34]\n",
+      "[1.2, 3, 't4']\n",
+      "[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], [1.2, 3, 't4'], ['a', 'f', 't']]\n",
+      "[(0, 1.2, 'H'), (1, 3, 'e'), (2, 't4', 'l')]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "mylist1 = list(range(5))\n",
+    "print(mylist1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "mylist2 = [3, 45, 78, 6, 0]\n",
+    "print(mylist2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "mylist3 = [1.2, 4.3, 5.9, 6.4, 8.34]\n",
+    "print(mylist3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "mylist3 = [1.2, 3, 't4']\n",
+    "print(mylist3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "mylist_of_list1= [mylist1, mylist3, ['a', 'f', 't']]\n",
+    "print(mylist_of_list1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "mylist_of_list2= list(zip(mylist1, mylist3, list('Hello')))\n",
+    "print(mylist_of_list2)\n"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -373,6 +534,62 @@
     "9. How many items are now in your list? (you can check if your right with `len(my_list)`)"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 60,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]\n",
+      "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12]\n",
+      "[12, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2]\n",
+      "The number of value 12 in list is: 1\n",
+      "The number of value 12 in list is: 2\n",
+      "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 12]\n",
+      "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12]\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "6"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 60,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "even_lst = []\n",
+    "for i in range(1,11):\n",
+    "    if i%2 == 0 :\n",
+    "        even_lst.append(i) \n",
+    "print(even_lst)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "even_lst.append(12)\n",
+    "print(even_lst)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "even_lst.reverse()\n",
+    "print(even_lst)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print('The number of value 12 in list is:' , even_lst.count(12))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "even_lst.append(12)\n",
+    "print('The number of value 12 in list is:' , even_lst.count(12))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "even_lst.sort()\n",
+    "print(even_lst)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "even_lst.pop()\n",
+    "print(even_lst)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "len(even_lst)"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -387,6 +604,31 @@
     "3. How would I use interval indexing to grab 7 and 15 from the list?"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 127,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "7\n",
+      "22\n",
+      "12\n",
+      "[7, 15]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "pre_lst = [3, 7, 12, 15, 22]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(pre_lst[1])\n",
+    "print(pre_lst[4])\n",
+    "print(pre_lst[-3])\n",
+    "print(pre_lst[1:4:2])"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -404,6 +646,58 @@
     "4. Now modify the `for` loop so that we print out the index of the elements along with the elements themselves."
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0\n",
+      "2\n",
+      "4\n",
+      "6\n",
+      "8\n",
+      "10\n",
+      "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10]\n",
+      "1\n",
+      "3\n",
+      "5\n",
+      "7\n",
+      "9\n",
+      "[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]\n",
+      "0 0\n",
+      "1 2\n",
+      "2 4\n",
+      "3 6\n",
+      "4 8\n",
+      "5 10\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "evens =[]\n",
+    "my_list = range(0,11)\n",
+    "for i in my_list:\n",
+    "    if i%2 == 0:\n",
+    "        print(i)\n",
+    "        evens.append(i)\n",
+    "print(evens)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "odds =[]\n",
+    "my_list = range(0,11)\n",
+    "for i in my_list:\n",
+    "    if i%2 == 1:\n",
+    "        print(i)\n",
+    "        odds.append(i)\n",
+    "print(odds)\n",
+    "3\n",
+    "for indx, value in enumerate(evens):\n",
+    "    print(indx, value)"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -442,7 +736,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 77,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -456,8 +750,67 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Customer 3: Gina is 85 years oldand has bought Photo Album'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 90,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "f\"Customer 3: {customers[2][0]} is {customers[2][1]} years oldand has bought {customers[2][2]}\"\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Paul is 33 yearsn old and has bought Macbook Pro .\n",
+      "Anna is 12 yearsn old and has bought Looping Louie .\n",
+      "Gina is 85 yearsn old and has bought Photo Album .\n",
+      "Kim is 59 yearsn old and has bought Plants .\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "for name_cust, age_cust, prod_cust in customers:\n",
+    "     print(name_cust, 'is',age_cust,'yearsn old and has bought', prod_cust,'.')\n",
+    "     f\"Customer {name_cust} is {age_cust} years old and has bought {prod_cust}.\"\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 122,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Customer 0: Paul is 33 years old and has bought Macbook Pro.\n",
+      "Customer 1: Anna is 12 years old and has bought Looping Louie.\n",
+      "Customer 2: Gina is 85 years old and has bought Photo Album.\n",
+      "Customer 3: Kim is 59 years old and has bought Plants.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "for i, cust in enumerate(customers):\n",
+    "     name_cust, age_cust, prod_cust = cust\n",
+    "     print(f\"Customer {i}: {name_cust} is {age_cust} years old and has bought {prod_cust}.\")\n"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
@@ -476,7 +829,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.3"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   },
   "vscode": {
    "interpreter": {
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/2_Sets.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/2_Sets.ipynb
index df2f69b1..be70e2f0 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/2_Sets.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/2_Sets.ipynb
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -60,9 +60,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "# we create identical sets:\n",
     "my_set == my_other_set"
@@ -89,7 +100,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -98,18 +109,40 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 5,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_set.union(my_other_set)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{1, 2, 3, 4}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 6,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_set.add(4)\n",
     "my_set"
@@ -117,9 +150,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 8,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_set.update(my_other_set)\n",
     "my_set"
@@ -127,9 +171,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 9,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_set.remove(5)\n",
     "my_set"
@@ -137,9 +192,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{6, 7}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 10,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_set.intersection(my_other_set)"
    ]
@@ -176,7 +242,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -185,7 +251,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -194,18 +260,34 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "790 µs ± 2.06 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1,000 loops each)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "timeit 100000 in my_list"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "26.2 ns ± 0.185 ns per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10,000,000 loops each)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "timeit 100000 in my_set"
    ]
@@ -239,6 +321,33 @@
     "5. In one line of code, add all the elements of `second_set` to `first_set`."
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 31,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{1, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 'Hello'}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 31,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "first_set = set(range(1,11))\n",
+    "second_set = set(range(5,16))\n",
+    "first_set.add(11)\n",
+    "second_set.add('Hello')\n",
+    "\n",
+    "first_set.intersection(second_set)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "first_set.union(second_set)"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
@@ -253,15 +362,35 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 44,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{'chicken wings', 'soda'}\n",
+      "True\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "first_list = ['hello', 'there', 'things', 'stuff', 'other', 'soda', 'chicken wings', 'things', 'soda']\n",
+    "second_list = ['turkey sandwich', 'guacamole', 'chicken wings', 'OJ', 'soda']\n",
+    "uniq_elm = set(first_list)\n",
+    "inter_elm = set(first_list).intersection(set(second_list))\n",
+    "print(inter_elm)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "uni_elm = set(first_list).union(set(second_list))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "bool_pizza = uni_elm.isdisjoint('pizza')\n",
+    "print(bool_pizza)"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3.9.4 ('.venv': venv)",
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
    "language": "python",
    "name": "python3"
   },
@@ -275,12 +404,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.9.4"
-  },
-  "vscode": {
-   "interpreter": {
-    "hash": "856105b4be0f061912d9e3bd57601f265232cc0f0021e629e6ca084c3e4ca463"
-   }
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/3_Mutability.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/3_Mutability.ipynb
index 821ac13a..1991cd1f 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/3_Mutability.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/3_Mutability.ipynb
@@ -42,9 +42,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 10,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "l = list(range(10))\n",
     "l"
@@ -52,9 +63,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "l[4] = 0\n",
     "l"
@@ -62,9 +84,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 4,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "l.append(1)\n",
     "l"
@@ -81,7 +114,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -91,7 +124,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -130,9 +163,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "(1, 2)"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 7,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_first_tuple = tuple([1, 2])\n",
     "my_first_tuple"
@@ -140,9 +184,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "(1, 2)"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 8,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_other_tuple = (1, 2)\n",
     "my_other_tuple"
@@ -150,9 +205,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "(1, 2)"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 9,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_third_tuple = 1, 2\n",
     "my_third_tuple"
@@ -167,9 +233,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 11,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "evens = []\n",
     "for element in range(1, 21):\n",
@@ -189,7 +266,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -198,27 +275,60 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "int"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 13,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "type(t[0])"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "str"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 14,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "type(t[1])"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "list"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 15,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "type(t[2])"
    ]
@@ -227,7 +337,18 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "tuple"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 16,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "type(t[3])"
    ]
@@ -243,7 +364,18 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "(1, 'bird', [1, 2, 3], (1, 2))"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 17,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "t[2].append(3)\n",
     "t"
@@ -285,6 +417,45 @@
     "6. Make sure that you tried out the code from the above examples. Did those operations return anything? Why or why not?\n"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 32,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 200, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]\n",
+      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 200, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 9]\n",
+      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 10, 200]\n",
+      "['Hello', 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 10, 200]\n",
+      "[200, 10, 9, 9, 8, 7, 6, 4, 3, 2, 1, 'Hello']\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]\n",
+    "my_list[4] = 200\n",
+    "print(my_list)\n",
+    "my_list.append(9)\n",
+    "print(my_list)\n",
+    "my_list.sort()\n",
+    "print(my_list)\n",
+    "my_list.insert(0, 'Hello')\n",
+    "print(my_list)\n",
+    "my_list.reverse()\n",
+    "print(my_list)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "5 - Because List are Mutable. \n",
+    "6 - Because the changes are applied directly to the existing list instead of creating new one. these oprerations returns None. "
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
@@ -300,6 +471,68 @@
     "    2. Add the word `\"hello\"` to the list in the tuple as the first element in the list."
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 36,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "1\n",
+      "Hello\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "my_tuple = (1, 'Hello')\n",
+    "print(my_tuple[0])\n",
+    "print(my_tuple[1])\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "2- No, because tuples are not mutable.  "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 39,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "other_tuple = ('other', [])\n",
+    "other_tuple[1].append('there')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "3.1- Bcause lists in tuples are mutable. "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 43,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "('other', ['Hello', 'there'])\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "other_tuple[1].insert(0, 'Hello')\n",
+    "print(other_tuple)"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
@@ -324,7 +557,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.9.4"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/4_Dictionaries.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/4_Dictionaries.ipynb
index 5d8dfb4b..f66e33c1 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/4_Dictionaries.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/4_Dictionaries.ipynb
@@ -33,9 +33,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[('Georgia', 'Atlanta'), ('Colorado', 'Denver'), ('Indiana', 'Indianapolis')]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 1,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "states_caps = [('Georgia', 'Atlanta'), ('Colorado', 'Denver'), ('Indiana', 'Indianapolis')]\n",
     "states_caps"
@@ -51,9 +62,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Indianapolis'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "search_state = 'Indiana'\n",
     "capital = 'State not found'\n",
@@ -76,9 +98,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{'Georgia': 'Atlanta', 'Colorado': 'Denver', 'Indiana': 'Indianapolis'}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "states_caps_dict = {'Georgia': 'Atlanta', 'Colorado': 'Denver', 'Indiana': 'Indianapolis'}\n",
     "states_caps_dict"
@@ -96,18 +129,41 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Indianapolis'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 4,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "states_caps_dict['Indiana']"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "KeyError",
+     "evalue": "'Washington'",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m                                  Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[7], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m \u001b[43mstates_caps_dict\u001b[49m\u001b[43m[\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mWashington\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m]\u001b[49m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m: 'Washington'"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "states_caps_dict['Washington']"
    ]
@@ -124,9 +180,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'State not found'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 8,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "states_caps_dict.get('Washington', 'State not found')"
    ]
@@ -159,9 +226,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "1"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 9,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_dict = {'thing': 1, 'other': 2}\n",
     "my_dict['thing']"
@@ -169,9 +247,20 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{'thing': 3, 'other': 2}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 10,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_dict['thing'] = 3\n",
     "my_dict"
@@ -179,14 +268,32 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{'thing': 3, 'other': 2, 'thingy': 4}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 12,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_dict['thingy'] = 4\n",
     "my_dict"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -229,9 +336,21 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "TypeError",
+     "evalue": "unhashable type: 'list'",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[13], line 2\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m my_bad_key \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m [\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mkey\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m]\n\u001b[0;32m----> 2\u001b[0m my_dict \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m {my_bad_key: \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mThis wont work\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m}\n",
+      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: unhashable type: 'list'"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_bad_key = ['key']\n",
     "my_dict = {my_bad_key: 'This wont work'}"
@@ -268,9 +387,21 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0\n",
+      "2\n",
+      "4\n",
+      "6\n",
+      "8\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "for element in range(10):\n",
     "    if element % 2 == 0:\n",
@@ -287,9 +418,39 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{'Georgia': 'Atlanta', 'Colorado': 'Denver', 'Indiana': 'Indianapolis'}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 16,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "states_caps_dict"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Georgia\n",
+      "Colorado\n",
+      "Indiana\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "for thing in states_caps_dict:\n",
     "    print(thing)"
@@ -307,9 +468,19 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Atlanta\n",
+      "Denver\n",
+      "Indianapolis\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "for value in states_caps_dict.values():\n",
     "    print(value)"
@@ -327,9 +498,19 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Georgia Atlanta\n",
+      "Colorado Denver\n",
+      "Indiana Indianapolis\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "for state, capital in states_caps_dict.items():\n",
     "     print(state, capital)"
@@ -345,12 +526,34 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
+   "execution_count": 53,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "('Georgia', 'Atlanta')\n",
+      "('Colorado', 'Denver')\n",
+      "('Indiana', 'Indianapolis')\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "2"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 53,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "for thing in states_caps_dict.items():\n",
-    "     print(thing)"
+    "     print(thing)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "len(thing)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -386,6 +589,45 @@
     "3. What if you don't know whether or not `'Outback Steakhouse'` is in the `restaurant_types` dictionary - how would you go about trying to get it's restaurant type and make sure that you won't get an error?"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Fast Food\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "resturant_types = {'Red Lobster': 'Seafood', 'Burger King': 'Fast Food' , 'Safeway':'Grocery Store'}\n",
+    "x = resturant_types['Burger King']\n",
+    "print(x)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 27,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Restaurnt not found'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 27,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "resturant_types.get('Outback Steakhouse', 'Restaurnt not found')"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -401,6 +643,31 @@
     "    3. Google it."
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "KeyError",
+     "evalue": "'Burger King'",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m                                  Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[37], line 3\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m resturant_types [\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mOutback Steakhouse\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m] \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mDelicious!\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\n\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m resturant_types [\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mSafeway\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m] \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mGrocery!\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 3\u001b[0m \u001b[43mresturant_types\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mpop\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mBurger King\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[1;32m      4\u001b[0m resturant_types\n",
+      "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m: 'Burger King'"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "resturant_types ['Outback Steakhouse'] = 'Delicious!'\n",
+    "resturant_types ['Safeway'] = 'Grocery!'\n",
+    "resturant_types.pop('Burger King')\n",
+    "resturant_types"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -413,6 +680,47 @@
     "3. Write a for loop that prints the all the restaurants that are of type `'Seafood'`."
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Red Lobster\n",
+      "Safeway\n",
+      "Outback Steakhouse\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "for all_keys in resturant_types.keys():\n",
+    "    print(all_keys)\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 47,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Red Lobster\n",
+      "Outback Steakhouse\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "for all_key in resturant_types.keys():\n",
+    "    if len(all_key) > 10 : \n",
+    "        print(all_key)\n"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -439,6 +747,48 @@
     "2. Check if a certain key (1 and 7) already exist in your dictionary. If not please return \"Key not found\"."
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "dic1={1:10, 2:20}\n",
+    "dic2={3:30, 4:40}\n",
+    "dic3={5:50, 6:60}\n",
+    "list_dict = [dic1, dic2, dic3]\n",
+    "dic_concat ={}\n",
+    "for i in list_dict:\n",
+    "     for thing in i.items():\n",
+    "          dic_concat.update([thing])\n",
+    "print(dic_concat)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 54,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{1: 10, 2: 20, 3: 30, 4: 40, 5: 50, 6: 60}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "dic1={1:10, 2:20}\n",
+    "dic2={3:30, 4:40}\n",
+    "dic3={5:50, 6:60}\n",
+    "list_dict = [dic1, dic2, dic3]\n",
+    "dic_concat ={}\n",
+    "for i in list_dict:\n",
+    "     for thing in i.items():\n",
+    "          dic_concat.update([thing])\n",
+    "print(dic_concat)"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -447,6 +797,26 @@
     "3. Write a Python script to generate and print a dictionary that contains a number (between 1 and 10) in the form (x, x*x). (hint: use a for loop)"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 94,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25, 6: 36, 7: 49, 8: 64, 9: 81, 10: 100}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "dic_power={}\n",
+    "for i in range(1,11):\n",
+    "    dic_power[i] = i*i\n",
+    "print(dic_power)"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -455,6 +825,26 @@
     "4. Write a Python program to sum all the items in dictionary."
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 93,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "385"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 93,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sum(dic_power.values())"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -467,8 +857,21 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{'Sara': 24, 'Alex': 65, 'Amir': 45, 'Mary': 37, 'Mona': 10}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "my_list_name = ['Sara', 'Alex', 'Amir', 'Mary', 'Mona']\n",
+    "my_list_age = [24, 65, 45, 37, 10]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dict_zip = dict(zip(my_list_name,my_list_age))"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
@@ -487,7 +890,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.3"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/5_Comprehension.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/5_Comprehension.ipynb
index d483b931..cac573b0 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/5_Comprehension.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Data_Structures_in_Python/5_Comprehension.ipynb
@@ -56,14 +56,22 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.671661Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.651576Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[1, 25, 81, 1089]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_list = [1, 5, 9, 33]\n",
     "my_squares = []\n",
@@ -98,14 +106,22 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.686882Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.678813Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[1, 25, 81, 1089]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_squares2 = [num ** 2 for num in my_list]\n",
     "print(my_squares2)"
@@ -169,14 +185,22 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.709097Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.691082Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "# Standard way. \n",
     "squares_dict = {}\n",
@@ -187,14 +211,22 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.734676Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.719505Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "# Dictionary Comprehension way. \n",
     "squares_dict2 = {num: num ** 2 for num in range(1, 6)}\n",
@@ -213,7 +245,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.750956Z",
@@ -228,14 +260,22 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.769524Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.760226Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{'cow': 8, 'chicken': 7, 'horse': 5, 'moose': 4}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "animals_dict = {animal: randint(1, 10) for animal in animals_list}\n",
     "print(animals_dict)"
@@ -259,14 +299,22 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.778626Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T10:02:41.772327Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "(0, 2, 4, 6, 8)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "my_tuple = tuple(num for num in range(10) if num % 2 == 0)\n",
     "print(my_tuple)"
@@ -313,6 +361,95 @@
     "       "
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 28,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 28,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "odds = []\n",
+    "for num in range(10):\n",
+    "    if num % 2 != 0: \n",
+    "        odds.append(num)\n",
+    "odds\n",
+    "\n",
+    "odds = [num for num in range(1,10) if num % 2 != 0]\n",
+    "odds"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 25,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{1: 1, 2: 8, 3: 27, 4: 64, 5: 125}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 25,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "cubes = {}\n",
+    "for num in range(1,6):\n",
+    "    cubes[num] = num ** 3\n",
+    "cubes"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 31,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{1: 1, 2: 8, 3: 27, 4: 64, 5: 125}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 31,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "cubes = {num : num**3 for num in range(1,6)}\n",
+    "cubes"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 32,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "SyntaxError",
+     "evalue": "invalid syntax (3743952370.py, line 1)",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;36m  Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[32], line 1\u001b[0;36m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    cubes = dict(num : num**3 for num in range(1,6))\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m                     ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m invalid syntax\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "cubes = dict(num : num**3 for num in range(1,6))"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
@@ -337,7 +474,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.3"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   },
   "toc": {
    "base_numbering": 1,
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/1_Introduction_to_Functions.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/1_Introduction_to_Functions.ipynb
index 1839e655..97f5abdd 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/1_Introduction_to_Functions.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/1_Introduction_to_Functions.ipynb
@@ -107,14 +107,22 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:11:38.576106Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:11:38.562307Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "evens = []\n",
     "for element in range(10):\n",
@@ -147,7 +155,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:15:46.399540Z",
@@ -175,7 +183,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:16:02.946707Z",
@@ -199,7 +207,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:21:28.680629Z",
@@ -226,14 +234,25 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:21:31.717342Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:21:31.698946Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 5,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_evens()"
    ]
@@ -248,7 +267,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:22:48.392759Z",
@@ -267,14 +286,25 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:22:49.942329Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:22:49.932672Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 7,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_evens()"
    ]
@@ -312,10 +342,119 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 8,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def get_evens(): \n",
+    "    evens = []\n",
+    "    for element in range(10): \n",
+    "        if element % 2 == 0: \n",
+    "            evens.append(element)\n",
+    "    return evens\n",
+    "\n",
+    "get_evens()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "5- No, the function has no input parameter.\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 11,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def get_evens(): \n",
+    "    evens = []\n",
+    "    for element in range(19): \n",
+    "        if element % 2 == 0: \n",
+    "            evens.append(element)\n",
+    "    return evens\n",
+    "get_evens()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 14,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def multip(): \n",
+    "    mul_three = [mul for mul in range(19) if mul%3 == 0]\n",
+    "    return mul_three\n",
+    "multip()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "5- No, the function has no input parameter.\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 16,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def multip(): \n",
+    "    mul_three = []\n",
+    "    for element in range(19): \n",
+    "        if element % 3 == 0: \n",
+    "            mul_three.append(element)\n",
+    "        return mul_three\n",
+    "multip()"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
@@ -334,7 +473,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.3"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   },
   "toc": {
    "base_numbering": 1,
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/2_Function_Definitions.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/2_Function_Definitions.ipynb
index 3a566348..c181aa21 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/2_Function_Definitions.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/2_Function_Definitions.ipynb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:26:49.271964Z",
@@ -62,53 +62,79 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:27:26.624940Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:27:26.605458Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 8,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_evens(5)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:27:27.548548Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:27:27.541263Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 9,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_evens(14)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:27:28.455924Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:27:28.445454Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 10,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_evens(20)"
    ]
   },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -119,7 +145,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:28:35.407153Z",
@@ -138,56 +164,100 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:28:36.104646Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:28:36.095517Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 12,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_evens()"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:28:36.873361Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:28:36.863387Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 13,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_evens(5)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:28:37.600905Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:28:37.592055Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 14,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_evens(14)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:28:39.837956Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:28:39.826578Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 15,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_evens(20)"
    ]
@@ -210,7 +280,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 16,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:31.208255Z",
@@ -229,84 +299,150 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 17,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:31.906113Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:31.896764Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 17,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_multiples()"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 18,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:32.524560Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:32.515367Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 18,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_multiples(5)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:33.057469Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:33.048503Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 19,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_multiples(5, 2)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 20,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:35.546057Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:35.536691Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 20,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_multiples(10, 2)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 21,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:36.130405Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:36.120706Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 3, 6, 9]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 21,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_multiples(10, 3)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 22,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:37.929394Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:30:37.920488Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 22,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_multiples(100, 10)"
    ]
@@ -329,7 +465,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 26,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:31:41.488324Z",
@@ -348,14 +484,23 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 25,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:31:43.459870Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:31:43.448414Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "SyntaxError",
+     "evalue": "non-default argument follows default argument (3489222303.py, line 1)",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;36m  Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[25], line 1\u001b[0;36m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    def get_multiples(n=5, divisor):\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m                                  ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m non-default argument follows default argument\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "def get_multiples(n=5, divisor): \n",
     "    multiples_lst = []\n",
@@ -399,6 +544,37 @@
     "2. Call the function with a couple of different arguments. Before you call it, though, write down what you expect it to output. Do the function calls output what you expect? Why or why not?"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 34,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4, 6]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 34,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def get_evens(n=6):\n",
+    "    evens = list(num for num in range(n) if num %2 == 0)\n",
+    "    return evens\n",
+    "\n",
+    "get_evens(8)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "1- yes, because the function has input parameter. "
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -411,6 +587,56 @@
     "3. Leaving the function with a default value of `20`, call it with arguments of `5` and `10`. What do you expect the output to be? Run it, and either verify your results or figure out why the output differed from what you expected. "
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 37,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 37,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def get_evens(n=10):\n",
+    "    evens = list(num for num in range(n) if num %2 == 0)\n",
+    "    return evens\n",
+    "\n",
+    "get_evens()\n",
+    "get_evens(20)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 38,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 38,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def get_evens(n=20):\n",
+    "    evens = list(num for num in range(n) if num %2 == 0)\n",
+    "    return evens\n",
+    "\n",
+    "get_evens(5)\n",
+    "get_evens(10)"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -422,8 +648,45 @@
     "2. Now, call `get_multiples(100, 10)`. Again, note what you expect this call will output before calling it. Is the output the same as in `1`. Why or why not?"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 46,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 46,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def get_multiples(n=100, divisor=20):\n",
+    "    multi_num = list(mul for mul in range(n) if mul % divisor == 0)\n",
+    "    return multi_num\n",
+    "\n",
+    "get_multiples()\n",
+    "get_multiples(100,10)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "2- Because the input parameter has changed. "
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": []
+  },
+  {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
@@ -461,12 +724,90 @@
     "2. Verify your answers by typing these into cells, or figure out why you don't see the results you expected. "
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "1- functions 2, 3, 5, 6 are valid. "
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "SyntaxError",
+     "evalue": "non-default argument follows default argument (3695065915.py, line 1)",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;36m  Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[49], line 1\u001b[0;36m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    def my_func1(var1='Hello', var2):\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m                                   ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m non-default argument follows default argument\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def my_func1(var1='Hello', var2): \n",
+    "                pass"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 50,
+   "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
+   "source": [
+    "def my_func2(var1, var2='Hello'): \n",
+    "                pass"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 51,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "def my_func3(var1, var2=35): \n",
+    "                pass"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 53,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "SyntaxError",
+     "evalue": "non-default argument follows default argument (2217873552.py, line 1)",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;36m  Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[53], line 1\u001b[0;36m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    def my_func4(var1=35, var2):\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m                              ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m non-default argument follows default argument\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def my_func4(var1=35, var2): \n",
+    "                pass"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 54,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "def my_func5(var1=35, var2='Hello'): \n",
+    "                pass"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 55,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "def my_func6(var1, var2): \n",
+    "                pass"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/3_Calling_Functions.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/3_Calling_Functions.ipynb
index 242f9598..7b812d14 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/3_Calling_Functions.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/3_Calling_Functions.ipynb
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:54:35.730820Z",
@@ -67,56 +67,98 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:54:35.755520Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:54:35.733785Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 4,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_multiples(5, 2) # All arguments passed by position."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:54:35.774128Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:54:35.760441Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 2, 4]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 5,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_multiples(n=5, divisor=2) # All arguments passed by keyword."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:54:35.792238Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:54:35.780602Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 3, 6, 9]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 6,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_multiples(10, divisor=3) # Okay mix of positional and keyword arguments."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "ExecuteTime": {
      "end_time": "2020-07-20T09:54:35.809623Z",
      "start_time": "2020-07-20T09:54:35.795527Z"
     }
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "SyntaxError",
+     "evalue": "positional argument follows keyword argument (3694115901.py, line 1)",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;36m  Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[7], line 1\u001b[0;36m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    get_multiples(n=10, 3) # Not okay mix of positional and keyword arguments.\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m                         ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m positional argument follows keyword argument\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "get_multiples(n=10, 3) # Not okay mix of positional and keyword arguments."
    ]
@@ -166,6 +208,132 @@
     "       \n",
     "3. Verify your answers by typing these into cells, or figure out why you don't see the results you expected. "
    ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "1.1- passes argument by postion\n",
+    "1.2- passses argument by keywords\n",
+    "\n",
+    "2. function calls 1, 3, 4, 6 are valid. "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 13]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 8,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "get_multiples(26, 13)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "SyntaxError",
+     "evalue": "positional argument follows keyword argument (3994683612.py, line 1)",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;36m  Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[10], line 1\u001b[0;36m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    get_multiples(n=26, 13)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m                          ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m positional argument follows keyword argument\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "get_multiples(n=26, 13)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 13]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 11,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "get_multiples(26, divisor=13)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 13]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 12,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "get_multiples(n=26, divisor=13)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "SyntaxError",
+     "evalue": "positional argument follows keyword argument (718035730.py, line 1)",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;36m  Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[13], line 1\u001b[0;36m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    get_multiples(n=48, 8)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m                         ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m positional argument follows keyword argument\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "  get_multiples(n=48, 8)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 10, 20, 30, 40]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 14,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "get_multiples(50, divisor=10)"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
@@ -184,7 +352,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.3"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   },
   "toc": {
    "base_numbering": 1,
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/4_Functions_Challenge.ipynb b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/4_Functions_Challenge.ipynb
index 50179976..a81041b7 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/4_Functions_Challenge.ipynb
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/Functions/4_Functions_Challenge.ipynb
@@ -79,6 +79,61 @@
     "\n"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 29,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "24"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 29,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def factorial(n):\n",
+    "    if n>1: \n",
+    "        return factorial(n-1) * n\n",
+    "    else: \n",
+    "        return 1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "factorial(4)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 110,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The number is not a prime number\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def prim(n): \n",
+    "    mul = [num for num in range(1, n+1) if n%num == 0]\n",
+    "    if len(mul) > 2:\n",
+    "        return False\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        return True\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if prim(9):\n",
+    "    print('The number is a prime number')\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print('The number is not a prime number')\n",
+    "    "
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "attachments": {},
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -107,12 +162,209 @@
    ]
   },
   {
-   "attachments": {},
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "11"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 37,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
-    "### Extra Challenge\n",
-    "\n"
+    "def word_count(str_input):\n",
+    "    return len(str_input.split())\n",
+    "\n",
+    "x = 'Today is a rainy cold witer day.'\n",
+    "word_count(x)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 61,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "9"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 61,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def word_count(str_input, delim=' '):\n",
+    "    return len(str_input.split(delim))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "x = 'Today is a rainy cold winter day.'\n",
+    "y = \"As&an&example,&let's&say&my &tax &info &is\"\n",
+    "word_count(y, '&')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 63,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[5, 2, 1, 5, 4, 6, 4]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 63,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def character_counter_words(str_input, delim= ' '):\n",
+    "    return [len(itm) for itm in str_input.split(delim)]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "character_counter_words(x)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 113,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The number is not a prime number.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def prim(n): \n",
+    "    mul = [num for num in range(1, n+1) if n%num == 0]\n",
+    "    if len(mul) > 2:\n",
+    "        return False\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        return n\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if prim(9):\n",
+    "    print('The number is a prime number.')\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print('The number is not a prime number.')\n",
+    "    \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 115,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "n = 21\n",
+    "print( [prim(itm) for itm in range(1,n) if prim(itm)] ) \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 128,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'divisor is zero.'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 128,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def divis(lst, divi):\n",
+    "    if divi != 0:\n",
+    "        result = ['No' if itm % param else 'Yes' for itm in my_lst ] \n",
+    "        return result\n",
+    "    return ('divisor is zero.')\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "divisor =0\n",
+    "my_lst = [20, 76, 80, 58, 90, 34, 45, 71]\n",
+    "divis(my_lst, divisor)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 149,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "['sure', 'rule', 'share', 'sale']"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 149,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def word_end_char(lst_str, char):\n",
+    "    if lst_str != []: \n",
+    "        return [itm for itm in lst_str if itm.endswith(char)]\n",
+    "    return 'you enterned nothing.'\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "\n",
+    "inp_string = ['I', 'am', 'in', 'love', 'with', 'Python']\n",
+    "inp_string = ['sure','today', 'rule', 'share', 'sale', '']\n",
+    "char = 'e'\n",
+    "word_end_char(inp_string,char)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[0, 1]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 159,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def substring(lst_str, word):\n",
+    "    if lst_str != [] and word!=[]: \n",
+    "        return [i for i, itm in enumerate(lst_str) if word in itm]\n",
+    "    return 'your String or substing is nothing'\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "inp_string =   ['This', 'is', 'an' , 'example']\n",
+    "my_word = 'is'\n",
+    "substring(inp_string, my_word)\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -120,6 +372,9 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
+    "### Extra Challenge\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
     "### Extra Challenge\n",
     "\n",
     "1. Let's build a calculator for figuring out how much I owe in taxes (and by calculator, I mean function). Write a function that takes in a list of tuples, where each tuple contains two values, as well as an income to compute the taxes on (so your function should accept two arguments). For the tuple list, the first value of a tuple will be an income upper bound, and the second will be a tax rate for all income up to the given income bound. You need to build a calculator that will calculate the tax for all income up to each income bound (if it goes up that high) for the given tax rate. You can assume that the list of tuples will be sorted by the income bound (e.g. the first value in the tuple), such that the lowest income bound will be first, and the highest last (see below for an example).  \n",
@@ -148,7 +403,7 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
    "language": "python",
    "name": "python3"
   },
@@ -162,7 +417,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.12.8"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   },
   "toc": {
    "base_numbering": 1,
@@ -205,11 +460,6 @@
     "_Feature"
    ],
    "window_display": false
-  },
-  "vscode": {
-   "interpreter": {
-    "hash": "be7dd07ef673f1c542ac4f7690ce2e5f650b2bc66c3cbf4a3f66e2fce72bd812"
-   }
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/requirements.txt b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/requirements.txt
index 947b0c8e..b85de8c5 100644
--- a/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/requirements.txt
+++ b/04_python_practice/01_Python_Basics/requirements.txt
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 jupyterlab==3.6.3
+
+