diff --git a/dist/example/example.js b/dist/example/example.js
index 3e43172..fc58c5a 100644
--- a/dist/example/example.js
+++ b/dist/example/example.js
@@ -95,7 +95,6 @@
 	/**
 	 * a very simple router for the **demo** of [weui](https://github.com/weui/weui)
 	 */
-
 	var Router = function () {
 
 	    /**
@@ -105,7 +104,6 @@
 
 
 	    // array of route config
-
 	    function Router(options) {
 	        _classCallCheck(this, Router);
 
@@ -147,7 +145,10 @@
 
 	            // why not `history.pushState`? see https://github.com/weui/weui/issues/26, Router in wechat webview
 	            window.addEventListener('hashchange', function (event) {
+	                var old_hash = util.getHash(event.oldURL);
 	                var hash = util.getHash(event.newURL);
+	                // fix '/' repeat see https://github.com/progrape/router/issues/21
+	                if (old_hash === hash) return;
 	                var state = history.state || {};
 
 	                _this.go(hash, state._index <= _this._index);
@@ -175,6 +176,14 @@
 	    }, {
 	        key: 'push',
 	        value: function push(route) {
+
+	            var exist = this._routes.filter(function (r) {
+	                return r.url === route.url;
+	            })[0];
+	            if (exist) {
+	                throw new Error('route ' + route.url + ' is existed');
+	            }
+
 	            route = _extends({}, {
 	                url: '*',
 	                className: '',
@@ -414,7 +423,7 @@
 	  // "/:test(\\d+)?" => ["/", "test", "\d+", undefined, "?", undefined]
 	  // "/route(\\d+)"  => [undefined, undefined, undefined, "\d+", undefined, undefined]
 	  // "/*"            => ["/", undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined, "*"]
-	  '([\\/.])?(?:(?:\\:(\\w+)(?:\\(((?:\\\\.|[^()])+)\\))?|\\(((?:\\\\.|[^()])+)\\))([+*?])?|(\\*))'
+	  '([\\/.])?(?:(?:\\:(\\w+)(?:\\(((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\()])+)\\))?|\\(((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\()])+)\\))([+*?])?|(\\*))'
 	].join('|'), 'g')
 
 	/**
@@ -451,18 +460,13 @@
 	    var modifier = res[6]
 	    var asterisk = res[7]
 
-	    // Only use the prefix when followed by another path segment.
-	    if (prefix != null && next != null && next !== prefix) {
-	      path += prefix
-	      prefix = null
-	    }
-
 	    // Push the current path onto the tokens.
 	    if (path) {
 	      tokens.push(path)
 	      path = ''
 	    }
 
+	    var partial = prefix != null && next != null && next !== prefix
 	    var repeat = modifier === '+' || modifier === '*'
 	    var optional = modifier === '?' || modifier === '*'
 	    var delimiter = res[2] || '/'
@@ -474,6 +478,8 @@
 	      delimiter: delimiter,
 	      optional: optional,
 	      repeat: repeat,
+	      partial: partial,
+	      asterisk: !!asterisk,
 	      pattern: escapeGroup(pattern)
 	    })
 	  }
@@ -502,13 +508,25 @@
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Encode characters for segment that could cause trouble for parsing.
+	 * Prettier encoding of URI path segments.
 	 *
 	 * @param  {string}
 	 * @return {string}
 	 */
 	function encodeURIComponentPretty (str) {
-	  return encodeURI(str).replace(/[/?#'"]/g, function (c) {
+	  return encodeURI(str).replace(/[\/?#]/g, function (c) {
+	    return '%' + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase()
+	  })
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Encode the asterisk parameter. Similar to `pretty`, but allows slashes.
+	 *
+	 * @param  {string}
+	 * @return {string}
+	 */
+	function encodeAsterisk (str) {
+	  return encodeURI(str).replace(/[?#]/g, function (c) {
 	    return '%' + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase()
 	  })
 	}
@@ -523,7 +541,7 @@
 	  // Compile all the patterns before compilation.
 	  for (var i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++) {
 	    if (typeof tokens[i] === 'object') {
-	      matches[i] = new RegExp('^' + tokens[i].pattern + '$')
+	      matches[i] = new RegExp('^(?:' + tokens[i].pattern + ')$')
 	    }
 	  }
 
@@ -547,6 +565,11 @@
 
 	      if (value == null) {
 	        if (token.optional) {
+	          // Prepend partial segment prefixes.
+	          if (token.partial) {
+	            path += token.prefix
+	          }
+
 	          continue
 	        } else {
 	          throw new TypeError('Expected "' + token.name + '" to be defined')
@@ -555,7 +578,7 @@
 
 	      if (isarray(value)) {
 	        if (!token.repeat) {
-	          throw new TypeError('Expected "' + token.name + '" to not repeat, but received "' + value + '"')
+	          throw new TypeError('Expected "' + token.name + '" to not repeat, but received `' + JSON.stringify(value) + '`')
 	        }
 
 	        if (value.length === 0) {
@@ -570,7 +593,7 @@
 	          segment = encode(value[j])
 
 	          if (!matches[i].test(segment)) {
-	            throw new TypeError('Expected all "' + token.name + '" to match "' + token.pattern + '", but received "' + segment + '"')
+	            throw new TypeError('Expected all "' + token.name + '" to match "' + token.pattern + '", but received `' + JSON.stringify(segment) + '`')
 	          }
 
 	          path += (j === 0 ? token.prefix : token.delimiter) + segment
@@ -579,7 +602,7 @@
 	        continue
 	      }
 
-	      segment = encode(value)
+	      segment = token.asterisk ? encodeAsterisk(value) : encode(value)
 
 	      if (!matches[i].test(segment)) {
 	        throw new TypeError('Expected "' + token.name + '" to match "' + token.pattern + '", but received "' + segment + '"')
@@ -599,7 +622,7 @@
 	 * @return {string}
 	 */
 	function escapeString (str) {
-	  return str.replace(/([.+*?=^!:${}()[\]|\/])/g, '\\$1')
+	  return str.replace(/([.+*?=^!:${}()[\]|\/\\])/g, '\\$1')
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -653,6 +676,8 @@
 	        delimiter: null,
 	        optional: false,
 	        repeat: false,
+	        partial: false,
+	        asterisk: false,
 	        pattern: null
 	      })
 	    }
@@ -727,17 +752,17 @@
 	      route += escapeString(token)
 	    } else {
 	      var prefix = escapeString(token.prefix)
-	      var capture = token.pattern
+	      var capture = '(?:' + token.pattern + ')'
 
 	      if (token.repeat) {
 	        capture += '(?:' + prefix + capture + ')*'
 	      }
 
 	      if (token.optional) {
-	        if (prefix) {
+	        if (!token.partial) {
 	          capture = '(?:' + prefix + '(' + capture + '))?'
 	        } else {
-	          capture = '(' + capture + ')?'
+	          capture = prefix + '(' + capture + ')?'
 	        }
 	      } else {
 	        capture = prefix + '(' + capture + ')'
@@ -853,308 +878,308 @@
 /* 7 */
 /***/ function(module, exports) {
 
-	/*
-		MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
-		Author Tobias Koppers @sokra
-	*/
-	// css base code, injected by the css-loader
-	module.exports = function() {
-		var list = [];
-
-		// return the list of modules as css string
-		list.toString = function toString() {
-			var result = [];
-			for(var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
-				var item = this[i];
-				if(item[2]) {
-					result.push("@media " + item[2] + "{" + item[1] + "}");
-				} else {
-					result.push(item[1]);
-				}
-			}
-			return result.join("");
-		};
-
-		// import a list of modules into the list
-		list.i = function(modules, mediaQuery) {
-			if(typeof modules === "string")
-				modules = [[null, modules, ""]];
-			var alreadyImportedModules = {};
-			for(var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
-				var id = this[i][0];
-				if(typeof id === "number")
-					alreadyImportedModules[id] = true;
-			}
-			for(i = 0; i < modules.length; i++) {
-				var item = modules[i];
-				// skip already imported module
-				// this implementation is not 100% perfect for weird media query combinations
-				//  when a module is imported multiple times with different media queries.
-				//  I hope this will never occur (Hey this way we have smaller bundles)
-				if(typeof item[0] !== "number" || !alreadyImportedModules[item[0]]) {
-					if(mediaQuery && !item[2]) {
-						item[2] = mediaQuery;
-					} else if(mediaQuery) {
-						item[2] = "(" + item[2] + ") and (" + mediaQuery + ")";
-					}
-					list.push(item);
-				}
-			}
-		};
-		return list;
-	};
+	/*
+		MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+		Author Tobias Koppers @sokra
+	*/
+	// css base code, injected by the css-loader
+	module.exports = function() {
+		var list = [];
+
+		// return the list of modules as css string
+		list.toString = function toString() {
+			var result = [];
+			for(var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+				var item = this[i];
+				if(item[2]) {
+					result.push("@media " + item[2] + "{" + item[1] + "}");
+				} else {
+					result.push(item[1]);
+				}
+			}
+			return result.join("");
+		};
+
+		// import a list of modules into the list
+		list.i = function(modules, mediaQuery) {
+			if(typeof modules === "string")
+				modules = [[null, modules, ""]];
+			var alreadyImportedModules = {};
+			for(var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+				var id = this[i][0];
+				if(typeof id === "number")
+					alreadyImportedModules[id] = true;
+			}
+			for(i = 0; i < modules.length; i++) {
+				var item = modules[i];
+				// skip already imported module
+				// this implementation is not 100% perfect for weird media query combinations
+				//  when a module is imported multiple times with different media queries.
+				//  I hope this will never occur (Hey this way we have smaller bundles)
+				if(typeof item[0] !== "number" || !alreadyImportedModules[item[0]]) {
+					if(mediaQuery && !item[2]) {
+						item[2] = mediaQuery;
+					} else if(mediaQuery) {
+						item[2] = "(" + item[2] + ") and (" + mediaQuery + ")";
+					}
+					list.push(item);
+				}
+			}
+		};
+		return list;
+	};
 
 
 /***/ },
 /* 8 */
 /***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
 
-	/*
-		MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
-		Author Tobias Koppers @sokra
-	*/
-	var stylesInDom = {},
-		memoize = function(fn) {
-			var memo;
-			return function () {
-				if (typeof memo === "undefined") memo = fn.apply(this, arguments);
-				return memo;
-			};
-		},
-		isOldIE = memoize(function() {
-			return /msie [6-9]\b/.test(window.navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase());
-		}),
-		getHeadElement = memoize(function () {
-			return document.head || document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];
-		}),
-		singletonElement = null,
-		singletonCounter = 0,
-		styleElementsInsertedAtTop = [];
-
-	module.exports = function(list, options) {
-		if(false) {
-			if(typeof document !== "object") throw new Error("The style-loader cannot be used in a non-browser environment");
-		}
-
-		options = options || {};
-		// Force single-tag solution on IE6-9, which has a hard limit on the # of <style>
-		// tags it will allow on a page
-		if (typeof options.singleton === "undefined") options.singleton = isOldIE();
-
-		// By default, add <style> tags to the bottom of <head>.
-		if (typeof options.insertAt === "undefined") options.insertAt = "bottom";
-
-		var styles = listToStyles(list);
-		addStylesToDom(styles, options);
-
-		return function update(newList) {
-			var mayRemove = [];
-			for(var i = 0; i < styles.length; i++) {
-				var item = styles[i];
-				var domStyle = stylesInDom[item.id];
-				domStyle.refs--;
-				mayRemove.push(domStyle);
-			}
-			if(newList) {
-				var newStyles = listToStyles(newList);
-				addStylesToDom(newStyles, options);
-			}
-			for(var i = 0; i < mayRemove.length; i++) {
-				var domStyle = mayRemove[i];
-				if(domStyle.refs === 0) {
-					for(var j = 0; j < domStyle.parts.length; j++)
-						domStyle.parts[j]();
-					delete stylesInDom[domStyle.id];
-				}
-			}
-		};
-	}
-
-	function addStylesToDom(styles, options) {
-		for(var i = 0; i < styles.length; i++) {
-			var item = styles[i];
-			var domStyle = stylesInDom[item.id];
-			if(domStyle) {
-				domStyle.refs++;
-				for(var j = 0; j < domStyle.parts.length; j++) {
-					domStyle.parts[j](item.parts[j]);
-				}
-				for(; j < item.parts.length; j++) {
-					domStyle.parts.push(addStyle(item.parts[j], options));
-				}
-			} else {
-				var parts = [];
-				for(var j = 0; j < item.parts.length; j++) {
-					parts.push(addStyle(item.parts[j], options));
-				}
-				stylesInDom[item.id] = {id: item.id, refs: 1, parts: parts};
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	function listToStyles(list) {
-		var styles = [];
-		var newStyles = {};
-		for(var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
-			var item = list[i];
-			var id = item[0];
-			var css = item[1];
-			var media = item[2];
-			var sourceMap = item[3];
-			var part = {css: css, media: media, sourceMap: sourceMap};
-			if(!newStyles[id])
-				styles.push(newStyles[id] = {id: id, parts: [part]});
-			else
-				newStyles[id].parts.push(part);
-		}
-		return styles;
-	}
-
-	function insertStyleElement(options, styleElement) {
-		var head = getHeadElement();
-		var lastStyleElementInsertedAtTop = styleElementsInsertedAtTop[styleElementsInsertedAtTop.length - 1];
-		if (options.insertAt === "top") {
-			if(!lastStyleElementInsertedAtTop) {
-				head.insertBefore(styleElement, head.firstChild);
-			} else if(lastStyleElementInsertedAtTop.nextSibling) {
-				head.insertBefore(styleElement, lastStyleElementInsertedAtTop.nextSibling);
-			} else {
-				head.appendChild(styleElement);
-			}
-			styleElementsInsertedAtTop.push(styleElement);
-		} else if (options.insertAt === "bottom") {
-			head.appendChild(styleElement);
-		} else {
-			throw new Error("Invalid value for parameter 'insertAt'. Must be 'top' or 'bottom'.");
-		}
-	}
-
-	function removeStyleElement(styleElement) {
-		styleElement.parentNode.removeChild(styleElement);
-		var idx = styleElementsInsertedAtTop.indexOf(styleElement);
-		if(idx >= 0) {
-			styleElementsInsertedAtTop.splice(idx, 1);
-		}
-	}
-
-	function createStyleElement(options) {
-		var styleElement = document.createElement("style");
-		styleElement.type = "text/css";
-		insertStyleElement(options, styleElement);
-		return styleElement;
-	}
-
-	function createLinkElement(options) {
-		var linkElement = document.createElement("link");
-		linkElement.rel = "stylesheet";
-		insertStyleElement(options, linkElement);
-		return linkElement;
-	}
-
-	function addStyle(obj, options) {
-		var styleElement, update, remove;
-
-		if (options.singleton) {
-			var styleIndex = singletonCounter++;
-			styleElement = singletonElement || (singletonElement = createStyleElement(options));
-			update = applyToSingletonTag.bind(null, styleElement, styleIndex, false);
-			remove = applyToSingletonTag.bind(null, styleElement, styleIndex, true);
-		} else if(obj.sourceMap &&
-			typeof URL === "function" &&
-			typeof URL.createObjectURL === "function" &&
-			typeof URL.revokeObjectURL === "function" &&
-			typeof Blob === "function" &&
-			typeof btoa === "function") {
-			styleElement = createLinkElement(options);
-			update = updateLink.bind(null, styleElement);
-			remove = function() {
-				removeStyleElement(styleElement);
-				if(styleElement.href)
-					URL.revokeObjectURL(styleElement.href);
-			};
-		} else {
-			styleElement = createStyleElement(options);
-			update = applyToTag.bind(null, styleElement);
-			remove = function() {
-				removeStyleElement(styleElement);
-			};
-		}
-
-		update(obj);
-
-		return function updateStyle(newObj) {
-			if(newObj) {
-				if(newObj.css === obj.css && newObj.media === obj.media && newObj.sourceMap === obj.sourceMap)
-					return;
-				update(obj = newObj);
-			} else {
-				remove();
-			}
-		};
-	}
-
-	var replaceText = (function () {
-		var textStore = [];
-
-		return function (index, replacement) {
-			textStore[index] = replacement;
-			return textStore.filter(Boolean).join('\n');
-		};
-	})();
-
-	function applyToSingletonTag(styleElement, index, remove, obj) {
-		var css = remove ? "" : obj.css;
-
-		if (styleElement.styleSheet) {
-			styleElement.styleSheet.cssText = replaceText(index, css);
-		} else {
-			var cssNode = document.createTextNode(css);
-			var childNodes = styleElement.childNodes;
-			if (childNodes[index]) styleElement.removeChild(childNodes[index]);
-			if (childNodes.length) {
-				styleElement.insertBefore(cssNode, childNodes[index]);
-			} else {
-				styleElement.appendChild(cssNode);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	function applyToTag(styleElement, obj) {
-		var css = obj.css;
-		var media = obj.media;
-
-		if(media) {
-			styleElement.setAttribute("media", media)
-		}
-
-		if(styleElement.styleSheet) {
-			styleElement.styleSheet.cssText = css;
-		} else {
-			while(styleElement.firstChild) {
-				styleElement.removeChild(styleElement.firstChild);
-			}
-			styleElement.appendChild(document.createTextNode(css));
-		}
-	}
-
-	function updateLink(linkElement, obj) {
-		var css = obj.css;
-		var sourceMap = obj.sourceMap;
-
-		if(sourceMap) {
-			// http://stackoverflow.com/a/26603875
-			css += "\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64," + btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(JSON.stringify(sourceMap)))) + " */";
-		}
-
-		var blob = new Blob([css], { type: "text/css" });
-
-		var oldSrc = linkElement.href;
-
-		linkElement.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
-
-		if(oldSrc)
-			URL.revokeObjectURL(oldSrc);
-	}
+	/*
+		MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+		Author Tobias Koppers @sokra
+	*/
+	var stylesInDom = {},
+		memoize = function(fn) {
+			var memo;
+			return function () {
+				if (typeof memo === "undefined") memo = fn.apply(this, arguments);
+				return memo;
+			};
+		},
+		isOldIE = memoize(function() {
+			return /msie [6-9]\b/.test(window.navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase());
+		}),
+		getHeadElement = memoize(function () {
+			return document.head || document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];
+		}),
+		singletonElement = null,
+		singletonCounter = 0,
+		styleElementsInsertedAtTop = [];
+
+	module.exports = function(list, options) {
+		if(false) {
+			if(typeof document !== "object") throw new Error("The style-loader cannot be used in a non-browser environment");
+		}
+
+		options = options || {};
+		// Force single-tag solution on IE6-9, which has a hard limit on the # of <style>
+		// tags it will allow on a page
+		if (typeof options.singleton === "undefined") options.singleton = isOldIE();
+
+		// By default, add <style> tags to the bottom of <head>.
+		if (typeof options.insertAt === "undefined") options.insertAt = "bottom";
+
+		var styles = listToStyles(list);
+		addStylesToDom(styles, options);
+
+		return function update(newList) {
+			var mayRemove = [];
+			for(var i = 0; i < styles.length; i++) {
+				var item = styles[i];
+				var domStyle = stylesInDom[item.id];
+				domStyle.refs--;
+				mayRemove.push(domStyle);
+			}
+			if(newList) {
+				var newStyles = listToStyles(newList);
+				addStylesToDom(newStyles, options);
+			}
+			for(var i = 0; i < mayRemove.length; i++) {
+				var domStyle = mayRemove[i];
+				if(domStyle.refs === 0) {
+					for(var j = 0; j < domStyle.parts.length; j++)
+						domStyle.parts[j]();
+					delete stylesInDom[domStyle.id];
+				}
+			}
+		};
+	}
+
+	function addStylesToDom(styles, options) {
+		for(var i = 0; i < styles.length; i++) {
+			var item = styles[i];
+			var domStyle = stylesInDom[item.id];
+			if(domStyle) {
+				domStyle.refs++;
+				for(var j = 0; j < domStyle.parts.length; j++) {
+					domStyle.parts[j](item.parts[j]);
+				}
+				for(; j < item.parts.length; j++) {
+					domStyle.parts.push(addStyle(item.parts[j], options));
+				}
+			} else {
+				var parts = [];
+				for(var j = 0; j < item.parts.length; j++) {
+					parts.push(addStyle(item.parts[j], options));
+				}
+				stylesInDom[item.id] = {id: item.id, refs: 1, parts: parts};
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	function listToStyles(list) {
+		var styles = [];
+		var newStyles = {};
+		for(var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
+			var item = list[i];
+			var id = item[0];
+			var css = item[1];
+			var media = item[2];
+			var sourceMap = item[3];
+			var part = {css: css, media: media, sourceMap: sourceMap};
+			if(!newStyles[id])
+				styles.push(newStyles[id] = {id: id, parts: [part]});
+			else
+				newStyles[id].parts.push(part);
+		}
+		return styles;
+	}
+
+	function insertStyleElement(options, styleElement) {
+		var head = getHeadElement();
+		var lastStyleElementInsertedAtTop = styleElementsInsertedAtTop[styleElementsInsertedAtTop.length - 1];
+		if (options.insertAt === "top") {
+			if(!lastStyleElementInsertedAtTop) {
+				head.insertBefore(styleElement, head.firstChild);
+			} else if(lastStyleElementInsertedAtTop.nextSibling) {
+				head.insertBefore(styleElement, lastStyleElementInsertedAtTop.nextSibling);
+			} else {
+				head.appendChild(styleElement);
+			}
+			styleElementsInsertedAtTop.push(styleElement);
+		} else if (options.insertAt === "bottom") {
+			head.appendChild(styleElement);
+		} else {
+			throw new Error("Invalid value for parameter 'insertAt'. Must be 'top' or 'bottom'.");
+		}
+	}
+
+	function removeStyleElement(styleElement) {
+		styleElement.parentNode.removeChild(styleElement);
+		var idx = styleElementsInsertedAtTop.indexOf(styleElement);
+		if(idx >= 0) {
+			styleElementsInsertedAtTop.splice(idx, 1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	function createStyleElement(options) {
+		var styleElement = document.createElement("style");
+		styleElement.type = "text/css";
+		insertStyleElement(options, styleElement);
+		return styleElement;
+	}
+
+	function createLinkElement(options) {
+		var linkElement = document.createElement("link");
+		linkElement.rel = "stylesheet";
+		insertStyleElement(options, linkElement);
+		return linkElement;
+	}
+
+	function addStyle(obj, options) {
+		var styleElement, update, remove;
+
+		if (options.singleton) {
+			var styleIndex = singletonCounter++;
+			styleElement = singletonElement || (singletonElement = createStyleElement(options));
+			update = applyToSingletonTag.bind(null, styleElement, styleIndex, false);
+			remove = applyToSingletonTag.bind(null, styleElement, styleIndex, true);
+		} else if(obj.sourceMap &&
+			typeof URL === "function" &&
+			typeof URL.createObjectURL === "function" &&
+			typeof URL.revokeObjectURL === "function" &&
+			typeof Blob === "function" &&
+			typeof btoa === "function") {
+			styleElement = createLinkElement(options);
+			update = updateLink.bind(null, styleElement);
+			remove = function() {
+				removeStyleElement(styleElement);
+				if(styleElement.href)
+					URL.revokeObjectURL(styleElement.href);
+			};
+		} else {
+			styleElement = createStyleElement(options);
+			update = applyToTag.bind(null, styleElement);
+			remove = function() {
+				removeStyleElement(styleElement);
+			};
+		}
+
+		update(obj);
+
+		return function updateStyle(newObj) {
+			if(newObj) {
+				if(newObj.css === obj.css && newObj.media === obj.media && newObj.sourceMap === obj.sourceMap)
+					return;
+				update(obj = newObj);
+			} else {
+				remove();
+			}
+		};
+	}
+
+	var replaceText = (function () {
+		var textStore = [];
+
+		return function (index, replacement) {
+			textStore[index] = replacement;
+			return textStore.filter(Boolean).join('\n');
+		};
+	})();
+
+	function applyToSingletonTag(styleElement, index, remove, obj) {
+		var css = remove ? "" : obj.css;
+
+		if (styleElement.styleSheet) {
+			styleElement.styleSheet.cssText = replaceText(index, css);
+		} else {
+			var cssNode = document.createTextNode(css);
+			var childNodes = styleElement.childNodes;
+			if (childNodes[index]) styleElement.removeChild(childNodes[index]);
+			if (childNodes.length) {
+				styleElement.insertBefore(cssNode, childNodes[index]);
+			} else {
+				styleElement.appendChild(cssNode);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	function applyToTag(styleElement, obj) {
+		var css = obj.css;
+		var media = obj.media;
+
+		if(media) {
+			styleElement.setAttribute("media", media)
+		}
+
+		if(styleElement.styleSheet) {
+			styleElement.styleSheet.cssText = css;
+		} else {
+			while(styleElement.firstChild) {
+				styleElement.removeChild(styleElement.firstChild);
+			}
+			styleElement.appendChild(document.createTextNode(css));
+		}
+	}
+
+	function updateLink(linkElement, obj) {
+		var css = obj.css;
+		var sourceMap = obj.sourceMap;
+
+		if(sourceMap) {
+			// http://stackoverflow.com/a/26603875
+			css += "\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64," + btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(JSON.stringify(sourceMap)))) + " */";
+		}
+
+		var blob = new Blob([css], { type: "text/css" });
+
+		var oldSrc = linkElement.href;
+
+		linkElement.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
+
+		if(oldSrc)
+			URL.revokeObjectURL(oldSrc);
+	}
 
 
 /***/ },
@@ -1217,7 +1242,7 @@
 /***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
 
 	var __WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_ARRAY__, __WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_RESULT__;/*!
-	 * jQuery JavaScript Library v2.2.3
+	 * jQuery JavaScript Library v2.2.4
 	 * http://jquery.com/
 	 *
 	 * Includes Sizzle.js
@@ -1227,7 +1252,7 @@
 	 * Released under the MIT license
 	 * http://jquery.org/license
 	 *
-	 * Date: 2016-04-05T19:26Z
+	 * Date: 2016-05-20T17:23Z
 	 */
 
 	(function( global, factory ) {
@@ -1283,7 +1308,7 @@
 
 
 	var
-		version = "2.2.3",
+		version = "2.2.4",
 
 		// Define a local copy of jQuery
 		jQuery = function( selector, context ) {
@@ -6224,13 +6249,14 @@
 		isDefaultPrevented: returnFalse,
 		isPropagationStopped: returnFalse,
 		isImmediatePropagationStopped: returnFalse,
+		isSimulated: false,
 
 		preventDefault: function() {
 			var e = this.originalEvent;
 
 			this.isDefaultPrevented = returnTrue;
 
-			if ( e ) {
+			if ( e && !this.isSimulated ) {
 				e.preventDefault();
 			}
 		},
@@ -6239,7 +6265,7 @@
 
 			this.isPropagationStopped = returnTrue;
 
-			if ( e ) {
+			if ( e && !this.isSimulated ) {
 				e.stopPropagation();
 			}
 		},
@@ -6248,7 +6274,7 @@
 
 			this.isImmediatePropagationStopped = returnTrue;
 
-			if ( e ) {
+			if ( e && !this.isSimulated ) {
 				e.stopImmediatePropagation();
 			}
 
@@ -7179,19 +7205,6 @@
 			styles = getStyles( elem ),
 			isBorderBox = jQuery.css( elem, "boxSizing", false, styles ) === "border-box";
 
-		// Support: IE11 only
-		// In IE 11 fullscreen elements inside of an iframe have
-		// 100x too small dimensions (gh-1764).
-		if ( document.msFullscreenElement && window.top !== window ) {
-
-			// Support: IE11 only
-			// Running getBoundingClientRect on a disconnected node
-			// in IE throws an error.
-			if ( elem.getClientRects().length ) {
-				val = Math.round( elem.getBoundingClientRect()[ name ] * 100 );
-			}
-		}
-
 		// Some non-html elements return undefined for offsetWidth, so check for null/undefined
 		// svg - https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=649285
 		// MathML - https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=491668
@@ -9082,6 +9095,7 @@
 		},
 
 		// Piggyback on a donor event to simulate a different one
+		// Used only for `focus(in | out)` events
 		simulate: function( type, elem, event ) {
 			var e = jQuery.extend(
 				new jQuery.Event(),
@@ -9089,27 +9103,10 @@
 				{
 					type: type,
 					isSimulated: true
-
-					// Previously, `originalEvent: {}` was set here, so stopPropagation call
-					// would not be triggered on donor event, since in our own
-					// jQuery.event.stopPropagation function we had a check for existence of
-					// originalEvent.stopPropagation method, so, consequently it would be a noop.
-					//
-					// But now, this "simulate" function is used only for events
-					// for which stopPropagation() is noop, so there is no need for that anymore.
-					//
-					// For the 1.x branch though, guard for "click" and "submit"
-					// events is still used, but was moved to jQuery.event.stopPropagation function
-					// because `originalEvent` should point to the original event for the constancy
-					// with other events and for more focused logic
 				}
 			);
 
 			jQuery.event.trigger( e, null, elem );
-
-			if ( e.isDefaultPrevented() ) {
-				event.preventDefault();
-			}
 		}
 
 	} );
diff --git a/dist/example/index.html b/dist/example/index.html
index 8f44f22..eb0c6ae 100644
--- a/dist/example/index.html
+++ b/dist/example/index.html
@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@
 <div id="container" class="container">
 
 </div>
-<script src="example.js"></script></body>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="example.js"></script></body>
 </html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dist/router.min.js b/dist/router.min.js
index 57d3f49..536998e 100644
--- a/dist/router.min.js
+++ b/dist/router.min.js
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
  * Copyright 2016
  * Licensed under the  MIT license
  */
-!function(e,t){"object"==typeof exports&&"object"==typeof module?module.exports=t():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define("Router",[],t):"object"==typeof exports?exports.Router=t():e.Router=t()}(this,function(){return function(e){function t(r){if(n[r])return n[r].exports;var o=n[r]={exports:{},id:r,loaded:!1};return e[r].call(o.exports,o,o.exports,t),o.loaded=!0,o.exports}var n={};return t.m=e,t.c=n,t.p="",t(0)}([function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e){if(e&&e.__esModule)return e;var t={};if(null!=e)for(var n in e)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n]);return t["default"]=e,t}function o(e,t){if(!(e instanceof t))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=Object.assign||function(e){for(var t=1;t<arguments.length;t++){var n=arguments[t];for(var r in n)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,r)&&(e[r]=n[r])}return e},a=function(){function e(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t.length;n++){var r=t[n];r.enumerable=r.enumerable||!1,r.configurable=!0,"value"in r&&(r.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(e,r.key,r)}}return function(t,n,r){return n&&e(t.prototype,n),r&&e(t,r),t}}(),u=n(1),s=r(u),l=function(){function e(t){o(this,e),this._options={container:"#container",enter:"enter",enterTimeout:0,leave:"leave",leaveTimeout:0},this._index=1,this._$container=null,this._routes=[],this._default=null,this._options=i({},this._options,t),this._$container=document.querySelector(this._options.container)}return a(e,[{key:"init",value:function(){var e=this;window.addEventListener("hashchange",function(t){var n=s.getHash(t.newURL),r=history.state||{};e.go(n,r._index<=e._index)},!1),history.state&&history.state._index&&(this._index=history.state._index),this._index--;var t=s.getHash(location.href),n=s.getRoute(this._routes,t);return this.go(n?t:this._default),this}},{key:"push",value:function(e){return e=i({},{url:"*",className:"",render:s.noop,bind:s.noop},e),this._routes.push(e),this}},{key:"setDefault",value:function(e){return this._default=e,this}},{key:"go",value:function(e){var t=this,n=arguments.length<=1||void 0===arguments[1]?!1:arguments[1],r=s.getRoute(this._routes,e);if(!r)throw new Error("url "+e+" was not found");return!function(){var o=function(e){e&&!function(){var e=t._$container.children[0];n&&e.classList.add(t._options.leave),t._options.leaveTimeout>0?setTimeout(function(){e.parentNode.removeChild(e)},t._options.leaveTimeout):e.parentNode.removeChild(e)}()},i=function(o,i){var a=document.createElement("div");r.className&&a.classList.add(r.className),a.innerHTML=i,t._$container.appendChild(a),!n&&t._options.enter&&o&&a.classList.add(t._options.enter),t._options.enterTimeout>0?setTimeout(function(){a.classList.remove(t._options.enter)},t._options.enterTimeout):a.classList.remove(t._options.enter),location.hash="#"+e;try{n?t._index--:t._index++,history.replaceState&&history.replaceState({_index:t._index},"",location.href)}catch(u){}"function"==typeof r.bind&&r.bind.call(a)},a=s.hasChildren(t._$container);o(a);var u=function(e){var t=arguments.length<=1||void 0===arguments[1]?"":arguments[1];if(e)throw e;i(a,t)},l=r.render(u);l&&"function"==typeof l.then?l.then(function(e){u(null,e)},u):0===r.render.length&&u(null,l)}(),this}}]),e}();t["default"]=l,e.exports=t["default"]},function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e){return e&&e.__esModule?e:{"default":e}}function o(e){return-1!==e.indexOf("#")?e.substring(e.indexOf("#")+1):"/"}function i(e,t){for(var n=0,r=e.length;r>n;n++){var o=e[n],i=[],a=(0,l["default"])(o.url,i),u=a.exec(t);if(u){o.params={};for(var s=0,c=i.length;c>s;s++){var f=i[s],p=f.name;o.params[p]=u[s+1]}return o}}return null}function a(e){var t=e.children;return t.length>0}function u(){}Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0}),t.getHash=o,t.getRoute=i,t.hasChildren=a,t.noop=u;var s=n(2),l=r(s)},function(e,t,n){function r(e){for(var t,n=[],r=0,o=0,i="";null!=(t=x.exec(e));){var a=t[0],u=t[1],l=t.index;if(i+=e.slice(o,l),o=l+a.length,u)i+=u[1];else{var c=e[o],f=t[2],p=t[3],h=t[4],d=t[5],v=t[6],g=t[7];null!=f&&null!=c&&c!==f&&(i+=f,f=null),i&&(n.push(i),i="");var y="+"===v||"*"===v,m="?"===v||"*"===v,_=t[2]||"/",w=h||d||(g?".*":"[^"+_+"]+?");n.push({name:p||r++,prefix:f||"",delimiter:_,optional:m,repeat:y,pattern:s(w)})}}return o<e.length&&(i+=e.substr(o)),i&&n.push(i),n}function o(e){return a(r(e))}function i(e){return encodeURI(e).replace(/[\/?#'"]/g,function(e){return"%"+e.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase()})}function a(e){for(var t=new Array(e.length),n=0;n<e.length;n++)"object"==typeof e[n]&&(t[n]=new RegExp("^"+e[n].pattern+"$"));return function(n,r){for(var o="",a=n||{},u=r||{},s=u.pretty?i:encodeURIComponent,l=0;l<e.length;l++){var c=e[l];if("string"!=typeof c){var f,p=a[c.name];if(null==p){if(c.optional)continue;throw new TypeError('Expected "'+c.name+'" to be defined')}if(g(p)){if(!c.repeat)throw new TypeError('Expected "'+c.name+'" to not repeat, but received "'+p+'"');if(0===p.length){if(c.optional)continue;throw new TypeError('Expected "'+c.name+'" to not be empty')}for(var h=0;h<p.length;h++){if(f=s(p[h]),!t[l].test(f))throw new TypeError('Expected all "'+c.name+'" to match "'+c.pattern+'", but received "'+f+'"');o+=(0===h?c.prefix:c.delimiter)+f}}else{if(f=s(p),!t[l].test(f))throw new TypeError('Expected "'+c.name+'" to match "'+c.pattern+'", but received "'+f+'"');o+=c.prefix+f}}else o+=c}return o}}function u(e){return e.replace(/([.+*?=^!:${}()[\]|\/])/g,"\\$1")}function s(e){return e.replace(/([=!:$\/()])/g,"\\$1")}function l(e,t){return e.keys=t,e}function c(e){return e.sensitive?"":"i"}function f(e,t){var n=e.source.match(/\((?!\?)/g);if(n)for(var r=0;r<n.length;r++)t.push({name:r,prefix:null,delimiter:null,optional:!1,repeat:!1,pattern:null});return l(e,t)}function p(e,t,n){for(var r=[],o=0;o<e.length;o++)r.push(v(e[o],t,n).source);var i=new RegExp("(?:"+r.join("|")+")",c(n));return l(i,t)}function h(e,t,n){for(var o=r(e),i=d(o,n),a=0;a<o.length;a++)"string"!=typeof o[a]&&t.push(o[a]);return l(i,t)}function d(e,t){t=t||{};for(var n=t.strict,r=t.end!==!1,o="",i=e[e.length-1],a="string"==typeof i&&/\/$/.test(i),s=0;s<e.length;s++){var l=e[s];if("string"==typeof l)o+=u(l);else{var f=u(l.prefix),p=l.pattern;l.repeat&&(p+="(?:"+f+p+")*"),p=l.optional?f?"(?:"+f+"("+p+"))?":"("+p+")?":f+"("+p+")",o+=p}}return n||(o=(a?o.slice(0,-2):o)+"(?:\\/(?=$))?"),o+=r?"$":n&&a?"":"(?=\\/|$)",new RegExp("^"+o,c(t))}function v(e,t,n){return t=t||[],g(t)?n||(n={}):(n=t,t=[]),e instanceof RegExp?f(e,t):g(e)?p(e,t,n):h(e,t,n)}var g=n(3);e.exports=v,e.exports.parse=r,e.exports.compile=o,e.exports.tokensToFunction=a,e.exports.tokensToRegExp=d;var x=new RegExp(["(\\\\.)","([\\/.])?(?:(?:\\:(\\w+)(?:\\(((?:\\\\.|[^()])+)\\))?|\\(((?:\\\\.|[^()])+)\\))([+*?])?|(\\*))"].join("|"),"g")},function(e,t){e.exports=Array.isArray||function(e){return"[object Array]"==Object.prototype.toString.call(e)}}])});
\ No newline at end of file
+!function(e,t){"object"==typeof exports&&"object"==typeof module?module.exports=t():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define("Router",[],t):"object"==typeof exports?exports.Router=t():e.Router=t()}(this,function(){return function(e){function t(r){if(n[r])return n[r].exports;var o=n[r]={exports:{},id:r,loaded:!1};return e[r].call(o.exports,o,o.exports,t),o.loaded=!0,o.exports}var n={};return t.m=e,t.c=n,t.p="",t(0)}([function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e){if(e&&e.__esModule)return e;var t={};if(null!=e)for(var n in e)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n]);return t["default"]=e,t}function o(e,t){if(!(e instanceof t))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=Object.assign||function(e){for(var t=1;t<arguments.length;t++){var n=arguments[t];for(var r in n)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,r)&&(e[r]=n[r])}return e},a=function(){function e(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t.length;n++){var r=t[n];r.enumerable=r.enumerable||!1,r.configurable=!0,"value"in r&&(r.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(e,r.key,r)}}return function(t,n,r){return n&&e(t.prototype,n),r&&e(t,r),t}}(),u=n(1),s=r(u),l=function(){function e(t){o(this,e),this._options={container:"#container",enter:"enter",enterTimeout:0,leave:"leave",leaveTimeout:0},this._index=1,this._$container=null,this._routes=[],this._default=null,this._options=i({},this._options,t),this._$container=document.querySelector(this._options.container)}return a(e,[{key:"init",value:function(){var e=this;window.addEventListener("hashchange",function(t){var n=s.getHash(t.oldURL),r=s.getHash(t.newURL);if(n!==r){var o=history.state||{};e.go(r,o._index<=e._index)}},!1),history.state&&history.state._index&&(this._index=history.state._index),this._index--;var t=s.getHash(location.href),n=s.getRoute(this._routes,t);return this.go(n?t:this._default),this}},{key:"push",value:function(e){var t=this._routes.filter(function(t){return t.url===e.url})[0];if(t)throw new Error("route "+e.url+" is existed");return e=i({},{url:"*",className:"",render:s.noop,bind:s.noop},e),this._routes.push(e),this}},{key:"setDefault",value:function(e){return this._default=e,this}},{key:"go",value:function(e){var t=this,n=!(arguments.length<=1||void 0===arguments[1])&&arguments[1],r=s.getRoute(this._routes,e);if(!r)throw new Error("url "+e+" was not found");return!function(){var o=function(e){e&&!function(){var e=t._$container.children[0];n&&e.classList.add(t._options.leave),t._options.leaveTimeout>0?setTimeout(function(){e.parentNode.removeChild(e)},t._options.leaveTimeout):e.parentNode.removeChild(e)}()},i=function(o,i){var a=document.createElement("div");r.className&&a.classList.add(r.className),a.innerHTML=i,t._$container.appendChild(a),!n&&t._options.enter&&o&&a.classList.add(t._options.enter),t._options.enterTimeout>0?setTimeout(function(){a.classList.remove(t._options.enter)},t._options.enterTimeout):a.classList.remove(t._options.enter),location.hash="#"+e;try{n?t._index--:t._index++,history.replaceState&&history.replaceState({_index:t._index},"",location.href)}catch(u){}"function"==typeof r.bind&&r.bind.call(a)},a=s.hasChildren(t._$container);o(a);var u=function(e){var t=arguments.length<=1||void 0===arguments[1]?"":arguments[1];if(e)throw e;i(a,t)},l=r.render(u);l&&"function"==typeof l.then?l.then(function(e){u(null,e)},u):0===r.render.length&&u(null,l)}(),this}}]),e}();t["default"]=l,e.exports=t["default"]},function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e){return e&&e.__esModule?e:{"default":e}}function o(e){return e.indexOf("#")!==-1?e.substring(e.indexOf("#")+1):"/"}function i(e,t){for(var n=0,r=e.length;n<r;n++){var o=e[n],i=[],a=(0,l["default"])(o.url,i),u=a.exec(t);if(u){o.params={};for(var s=0,c=i.length;s<c;s++){var f=i[s],p=f.name;o.params[p]=u[s+1]}return o}}return null}function a(e){var t=e.children;return t.length>0}function u(){}Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0}),t.getHash=o,t.getRoute=i,t.hasChildren=a,t.noop=u;var s=n(2),l=r(s)},function(e,t,n){function r(e){for(var t,n=[],r=0,o=0,i="";null!=(t=y.exec(e));){var a=t[0],u=t[1],s=t.index;if(i+=e.slice(o,s),o=s+a.length,u)i+=u[1];else{var c=e[o],f=t[2],p=t[3],h=t[4],d=t[5],v=t[6],g=t[7];i&&(n.push(i),i="");var x=null!=f&&null!=c&&c!==f,_="+"===v||"*"===v,m="?"===v||"*"===v,w=t[2]||"/",b=h||d||(g?".*":"[^"+w+"]+?");n.push({name:p||r++,prefix:f||"",delimiter:w,optional:m,repeat:_,partial:x,asterisk:!!g,pattern:l(b)})}}return o<e.length&&(i+=e.substr(o)),i&&n.push(i),n}function o(e){return u(r(e))}function i(e){return encodeURI(e).replace(/[\/?#]/g,function(e){return"%"+e.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase()})}function a(e){return encodeURI(e).replace(/[?#]/g,function(e){return"%"+e.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase()})}function u(e){for(var t=new Array(e.length),n=0;n<e.length;n++)"object"==typeof e[n]&&(t[n]=new RegExp("^(?:"+e[n].pattern+")$"));return function(n,r){for(var o="",u=n||{},s=r||{},l=s.pretty?i:encodeURIComponent,c=0;c<e.length;c++){var f=e[c];if("string"!=typeof f){var p,h=u[f.name];if(null==h){if(f.optional){f.partial&&(o+=f.prefix);continue}throw new TypeError('Expected "'+f.name+'" to be defined')}if(x(h)){if(!f.repeat)throw new TypeError('Expected "'+f.name+'" to not repeat, but received `'+JSON.stringify(h)+"`");if(0===h.length){if(f.optional)continue;throw new TypeError('Expected "'+f.name+'" to not be empty')}for(var d=0;d<h.length;d++){if(p=l(h[d]),!t[c].test(p))throw new TypeError('Expected all "'+f.name+'" to match "'+f.pattern+'", but received 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i&&/\/$/.test(i),u=0;u<e.length;u++){var l=e[u];if("string"==typeof l)o+=s(l);else{var c=s(l.prefix),p="(?:"+l.pattern+")";l.repeat&&(p+="(?:"+c+p+")*"),p=l.optional?l.partial?c+"("+p+")?":"(?:"+c+"("+p+"))?":c+"("+p+")",o+=p}}return n||(o=(a?o.slice(0,-2):o)+"(?:\\/(?=$))?"),o+=r?"$":n&&a?"":"(?=\\/|$)",new RegExp("^"+o,f(t))}function g(e,t,n){return t=t||[],x(t)?n||(n={}):(n=t,t=[]),e instanceof RegExp?p(e,t):x(e)?h(e,t,n):d(e,t,n)}var x=n(3);e.exports=g,e.exports.parse=r,e.exports.compile=o,e.exports.tokensToFunction=u,e.exports.tokensToRegExp=v;var y=new RegExp(["(\\\\.)","([\\/.])?(?:(?:\\:(\\w+)(?:\\(((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\()])+)\\))?|\\(((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\()])+)\\))([+*?])?|(\\*))"].join("|"),"g")},function(e,t){e.exports=Array.isArray||function(e){return"[object Array]"==Object.prototype.toString.call(e)}}])});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 4fdd71f..12abc69 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
         "html-webpack-plugin": "^2.9.0",
         "iswiper": "^1.4.1",
         "jquery": "^2.2.3",
+        "jsdom": "^9.1.0",
         "less": "^2.6.1",
         "less-loader": "^2.2.2",
         "mocha": "^2.4.5",
diff --git a/src/index.js b/src/index.js
index aa7d23a..68439b6 100644
--- a/src/index.js
+++ b/src/index.js
@@ -42,7 +42,10 @@ class Router {
 
         // why not `history.pushState`? see https://github.com/weui/weui/issues/26, Router in wechat webview
         window.addEventListener('hashchange', (event) => {
+            const old_hash = util.getHash(event.oldURL);
             const hash = util.getHash(event.newURL);
+            // fix '/' repeat see https://github.com/progrape/router/issues/21
+            if(old_hash === hash) return;   
             const state = history.state || {};
 
             this.go(hash, state._index <= this._index);
@@ -67,6 +70,12 @@ class Router {
      * @returns {Router}
      */
     push(route) {
+
+        const exist = this._routes.filter(r => r.url === route.url)[0];
+        if (exist) {
+            throw new Error(`route ${route.url} is existed`);
+        }
+
         route = Object.assign({}, {
             url: '*',
             className: '',
diff --git a/test/unit/util.js b/test/unit/util.js
index 2ece8d9..2016220 100644
--- a/test/unit/util.js
+++ b/test/unit/util.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import {expect} from 'chai';
+import {jsdom} from 'jsdom';
 import * as util from '../../src/util';
 
 describe('util.getHash', () => {
@@ -80,4 +81,33 @@ describe('util.getRoute', () => {
         expect(route.params['userId']).to.be.equal(userId);
         expect(route.params['postId']).to.be.equal(postId);
     });
+});
+
+describe('util.hasChildren', () => {
+    it('should have no children when body is empty', () => {
+        const document = jsdom('   ');
+        const body = document.body;
+
+        const hasChildren = util.hasChildren(body);
+
+        expect(hasChildren).to.be.equal(false);
+    });
+
+    it('should have no children when body is empty', () => {
+        const document = jsdom('hello');
+        const body = document.body;
+
+        const hasChildren = util.hasChildren(body);
+
+        expect(hasChildren).to.be.equal(false);
+    });
+
+    it('should have children when body is not empty', () => {
+        const document = jsdom('<div>router</div>');
+        const body = document.body;
+
+        const hasChildren = util.hasChildren(body);
+
+        expect(hasChildren).to.be.equal(true);
+    });
 });
\ No newline at end of file