Rollup merge of #120057 - oli-obk:not_sure_wtf_is_going_on, r=compiler-errors

Don't ICE when deducing future output if other errors already occurred

The situation can't really happen outside of erroneous code. What was interesting is that it ICEd before emitting any other diagnostics. This was because the other errors were silenced due to cycle_delay_bug cycle errors.

r? ```@compiler-errors```

fixes #119890

Author: matthiaskrgr