diff --git a/src/extension/alterschema/CMakeLists.txt b/src/extension/alterschema/CMakeLists.txt
index 7f48dfb8f..fa97c0d04 100644
--- a/src/extension/alterschema/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/extension/alterschema/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ sourcemeta_library(NAMESPACE sourcemeta PROJECT core NAME alterschema
     linter/modern_official_dialect_with_empty_fragment.h
     linter/then_empty.h
     linter/else_empty.h
+    linter/else_false.h
     linter/then_without_if.h
     linter/property_names_type_default.h
     linter/property_names_default.h
diff --git a/src/extension/alterschema/alterschema.cc b/src/extension/alterschema/alterschema.cc
index ebcc812d0..4aec7366a 100644
--- a/src/extension/alterschema/alterschema.cc
+++ b/src/extension/alterschema/alterschema.cc
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ contains_any(const Vocabularies &container,
 #include "linter/duplicate_enum_values.h"
 #include "linter/duplicate_required_values.h"
 #include "linter/else_empty.h"
+#include "linter/else_false.h"
 #include "linter/else_without_if.h"
 #include "linter/enum_to_const.h"
 #include "linter/enum_with_type.h"
@@ -106,6 +107,7 @@ auto add(SchemaTransformer &bundle, const AlterSchemaMode mode)
   bundle.add<MinContainsWithoutContains>();
   bundle.add<ThenEmpty>();
   bundle.add<ElseEmpty>();
+  bundle.add<ElseFalse>();
   bundle.add<ThenWithoutIf>();
   bundle.add<DependenciesPropertyTautology>();
   bundle.add<DependentRequiredTautology>();
diff --git a/src/extension/alterschema/linter/else_false.h b/src/extension/alterschema/linter/else_false.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a616fb083
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/extension/alterschema/linter/else_false.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+class ElseFalse final : public SchemaTransformRule {
+public:
+  ElseFalse()
+      : SchemaTransformRule{"else_false",
+                            "`if: S, else: false` collapses to just `S`"} {};
+
+  [[nodiscard]] auto
+  condition(const JSON &schema, const JSON &, const Vocabularies &vocabularies,
+            const SchemaFrame &, const SchemaFrame::Location &,
+            const SchemaWalker &, const SchemaResolver &) const
+      -> SchemaTransformRule::Result override {
+    return contains_any(
+               vocabularies,
+               {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/applicator",
+                "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/applicator",
+                "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#"}) &&
+           schema.is_object() && schema.defines("if") &&
+           schema.defines("else") && is_schema(schema.at("else")) &&
+           schema.at("else").is_boolean() && !schema.at("else").to_boolean() &&
+           is_schema(schema.at("if")) &&
+           (!schema.defines("then") || (schema.at("then").is_boolean() &&
+                                        schema.at("then").to_boolean())) &&
+           (!schema.at("if").is_object() || [&schema](const JSON &if_schema) {
+             for (const auto &entry : if_schema.as_object()) {
+               if (schema.defines(entry.first)) {
+                 return false;
+               }
+             }
+             return true;
+           }(schema.at("if")));
+  }
+
+  auto transform(JSON &schema) const -> void override {
+    auto if_schema = schema.at("if");
+    schema.erase("if");
+    schema.erase("else");
+    schema.erase("then");
+
+    if (if_schema.is_object()) {
+      for (auto &entry : if_schema.as_object()) {
+        schema.assign(entry.first, entry.second);
+      }
+    } else if (if_schema.is_boolean() && !if_schema.to_boolean()) {
+      auto metadata = JSON::make_object();
+      for (const auto &entry : schema.as_object()) {
+        if (entry.first.starts_with("$")) {
+          metadata.assign(entry.first, entry.second);
+        }
+      }
+      schema = std::move(metadata);
+      schema.assign("not", JSON::make_object());
+    }
+  }
+};
diff --git a/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_2019_09_test.cc b/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_2019_09_test.cc
index 8679a5c65..d7037efae 100644
--- a/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_2019_09_test.cc
+++ b/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_2019_09_test.cc
@@ -2349,3 +2349,224 @@ TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2019_09, non_applicable_type_specific_keywords_3) {
 
   EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
 }
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2019_09, else_false_1) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "flag": {
+          "const": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "properties": {
+      "flag": {
+        "const": true
+      }
+    }
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2019_09, else_false_2) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "flag": {
+          "const": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "then": true,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "properties": {
+      "flag": {
+        "const": true
+      }
+    }
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2019_09, else_false_3) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "if": true,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema"
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2019_09, else_false_4) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "if": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "not": {}
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2019_09, else_false_5) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "type": "object",
+    "properties": {
+      "name": { "type": "string" }
+    },
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "name": { "type": "number" }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "type": "object",
+    "properties": {
+      "name": { "type": "string" }
+    },
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "name": { "type": "number" }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2019_09, else_false_6) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "flag": { "const": true }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "properties": {
+      "flag": { "const": true }
+    }
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2019_09, else_false_7) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "if": {
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "then": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "if": {
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "then": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2019_09, else_false_8) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "$id": "https://example.com/schema",
+    "$anchor": "root",
+    "$comment": "Test schema with metadata",
+    "if": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "$id": "https://example.com/schema",
+    "$anchor": "root",
+    "$comment": "Test schema with metadata",
+    "not": {}
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2019_09, else_false_9) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "$id": "https://example.com/complex",
+    "$anchor": "main",
+    "$ref": "#/$defs/base",
+    "$defs": {
+      "base": { "type": "string" }
+    },
+    "if": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "$id": "https://example.com/complex",
+    "$anchor": "main",
+    "$ref": "#/$defs/base",
+    "$defs": {
+      "base": { "type": "string" }
+    },
+    "not": {}
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
diff --git a/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_2020_12_test.cc b/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_2020_12_test.cc
index 367292cb0..c836f9d7e 100644
--- a/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_2020_12_test.cc
+++ b/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_2020_12_test.cc
@@ -2583,3 +2583,224 @@ TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2020_12, non_applicable_type_specific_keywords_3) {
 
   EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
 }
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2020_12, else_false_1) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "flag": {
+          "const": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "properties": {
+      "flag": {
+        "const": true
+      }
+    }
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2020_12, else_false_2) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "flag": {
+          "const": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "then": true,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "properties": {
+      "flag": {
+        "const": true
+      }
+    }
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2020_12, else_false_3) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "if": true,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema"
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2020_12, else_false_4) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "if": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "not": {}
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2020_12, else_false_5) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "type": "object",
+    "properties": {
+      "name": { "type": "string" }
+    },
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "name": { "type": "number" }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "type": "object",
+    "properties": {
+      "name": { "type": "string" }
+    },
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "name": { "type": "number" }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2020_12, else_false_6) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "flag": { "const": true }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "properties": {
+      "flag": { "const": true }
+    }
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2020_12, else_false_7) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "if": {
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "then": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "if": {
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "then": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2020_12, else_false_8) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "$id": "https://example.com/schema",
+    "$anchor": "root",
+    "$comment": "Test schema with metadata",
+    "if": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "$id": "https://example.com/schema",
+    "$anchor": "root",
+    "$comment": "Test schema with metadata",
+    "not": {}
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_2020_12, else_false_9) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "$id": "https://example.com/complex",
+    "$anchor": "main",
+    "$ref": "#/$defs/base",
+    "$defs": {
+      "base": { "type": "string" }
+    },
+    "if": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "$id": "https://example.com/complex",
+    "$anchor": "main",
+    "$ref": "#/$defs/base",
+    "$defs": {
+      "base": { "type": "string" }
+    },
+    "not": {}
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
diff --git a/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_draft7_test.cc b/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_draft7_test.cc
index 0c87deaed..0a3645a67 100644
--- a/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_draft7_test.cc
+++ b/test/alterschema/alterschema_lint_draft7_test.cc
@@ -1890,3 +1890,172 @@ TEST(AlterSchema_lint_draft7, non_applicable_type_specific_keywords_3) {
 
   EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
 }
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_draft7, else_false_1) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "flag": {
+          "const": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "properties": {
+      "flag": {
+        "const": true
+      }
+    }
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_draft7, else_false_2) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "flag": {
+          "const": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "then": true,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "properties": {
+      "flag": {
+        "const": true
+      }
+    }
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_draft7, else_false_3) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "if": true,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#"
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_draft7, else_false_4) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "if": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "not": {}
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_draft7, else_false_5) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "type": "object",
+    "properties": {
+      "name": { "type": "string" }
+    },
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "name": { "type": "number" }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "type": "object",
+    "properties": {
+      "name": { "type": "string" }
+    },
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "name": { "type": "number" }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_draft7, else_false_6) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "if": {
+      "properties": {
+        "flag": { "const": true }
+      }
+    },
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "properties": {
+      "flag": { "const": true }
+    }
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}
+
+TEST(AlterSchema_lint_draft7, else_false_7) {
+  sourcemeta::core::JSON document = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "if": {
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "then": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  LINT_AND_FIX_FOR_READABILITY(document);
+
+  const sourcemeta::core::JSON expected = sourcemeta::core::parse_json(R"JSON({
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "if": {
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "then": false,
+    "else": false
+  })JSON");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(document, expected);
+}