We draw Venn4 diagrams with api_info.py. It is like the one in the rq1 folder, while only desired functions are included. Simply run the script to obtain all venn4 diagrams. The example diagram (API-level 33) used in the paper main content is as below:
The large number of exclusive methods at API-level 28, as well as no shared fields or methods among the four AALs, is due to the fact that, under 28, the CSV list only contains non-public APIs.
The findings in RQ2 are central to analyze.py script. If you want to analyze the versions other than 33, you can pass other API-level as command line arguments.
The can be run by executing the analyze_class_intersection4() function in the analyze.py script. Example run:
$ python .\analyze.py 31
{'android.*': 3089, 'org.apache.http.*': 13, 'javax.microedition.khronos.*': 11} total: 3113
all shared fields from shared classes
all shared methods from shared classes
$ python .\analyze.py 32
{'android.*': 3095, 'org.apache.http.*': 13, 'javax.microedition.khronos.*': 11} total: 3119
all shared fields from shared classes
all shared methods from shared classes
$ python .\analyze.py 33
{'android.*': 3153, 'org.apache.http.*': 13, 'javax.microedition.khronos.*': 11} total: 3177
all shared fields from shared classes
all shared methods from shared classesWe run analyze_csv_exclusive() to find out the proportion of exclusive CSV fields/methods that belong to the exclusive CSV classes. Example run:
$ python .\analyze.py 31
123121 (0.8030276348314973) fields from exclusive classes
188453 (0.8854126535176328) methods from non-exclusive classes
$ python .\analyze.py 33
134062 (0.8068830199581096) fields from exclusive classes
204467 (0.8885349626494349) methods from non-exclusive classesTo draw sample from exclusive CSV classes, we un-comment the sampling block in the analyze_csv_exclusive() function. By running the function, we obtained the 379 sample classes in the sample-379.xlsx file. Then we manually tagged the sample, and obtained the sample-379-labels.xlsx file. After our authors discussion, we automated the final categorization process, which is the analyze_csv_sampling() function. The final output is:
{'hide': 74, 'remove': 2, 'access': 17, 'internal': 58, 'aidl': 90, 'proto': 16, 'hpp': 8, 'sysprop': 1, 'repackaged-jdk': 32, 'repackaged-other': 81}
Finding 5 concerns the exclusive APIs in XML and JAR. To analyze the former, we run the function analyze_xml_exclusive(), which outputs:
{'test': 62}
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20 fields from exclusive classes
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374 methods from non-exclusive classes
Which indicates, for XML, all the 20 exclusive fields and all the 374 exclusive methods are from the 62 test-related classes. This output is consistent among API-levels at 31, 32, and 33. As for 30, the output is:
{'test': 60}
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18 fields from exclusive classes
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367 methods from non-exclusive classes
While for API-levels 28 and 29, there were no exclusive XML APIs (see the Venn diagrams), thus there is no output.
As for the JAR list, we use the analyze_jar_class_method_exclusive() function. Example run:
$ python .\analyze.py 33
{'android.annotation.NonNull', 'android.annotation.Nullable', 'androidx.annotation.RecentlyNullable', 'androidx.annotation.RecentlyNonNull'}
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MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawARGB', parameter_types=('int', 'int', 'int', 'int'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawArc', parameter_types=('android.graphics.RectF', 'float', 'float', 'boolean', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawArc', parameter_types=('float', 'float', 'float', 'float', 'float', 'float', 'boolean', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawBitmap', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Bitmap', 'android.graphics.Matrix', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawBitmap', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Bitmap', 'android.graphics.Rect', 'android.graphics.Rect', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawBitmap', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Bitmap', 'android.graphics.Rect', 'android.graphics.RectF', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawBitmap', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Bitmap', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawBitmap', parameter_types=('int[]', 'int', 'int', 'float', 'float', 'int', 'int', 'boolean', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawBitmap', parameter_types=('int[]', 'int', 'int', 'int', 'int', 'int', 'int', 'boolean', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawBitmapMesh', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Bitmap', 'int', 'int', 'float[]', 'int', 'int[]', 'int', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawCircle', parameter_types=('float', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawColor', parameter_types=('int',))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawColor', parameter_types=('int', 'android.graphics.BlendMode'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawColor', parameter_types=('int', 'android.graphics.PorterDuff$Mode'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawColor', parameter_types=('long', 'android.graphics.BlendMode'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawDoubleRoundRect', parameter_types=('android.graphics.RectF', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.RectF', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawDoubleRoundRect', parameter_types=('android.graphics.RectF', 'float[]', 'android.graphics.RectF', 'float[]', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawGlyphs', parameter_types=('int[]', 'int', 'float[]', 'int', 'int', 'android.graphics.fonts.Font', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawLine', parameter_types=('float', 'float', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawLines', parameter_types=('float[]', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawLines', parameter_types=('float[]', 'int', 'int', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawOval', parameter_types=('android.graphics.RectF', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawOval', parameter_types=('float', 'float', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawPaint', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Paint',))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawPath', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Path', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawPicture', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Picture',))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawPicture', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Picture', 'android.graphics.Rect'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawPicture', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Picture', 'android.graphics.RectF'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawPoint', parameter_types=('float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawPoints', parameter_types=('float[]', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawPoints', parameter_types=('float[]', 'int', 'int', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawPosText', parameter_types=('char[]', 'int', 'int', 'float[]', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawPosText', parameter_types=('java.lang.String', 'float[]', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawRGB', parameter_types=('int', 'int', 'int'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawRect', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Rect', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawRect', parameter_types=('android.graphics.RectF', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawRect', parameter_types=('float', 'float', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawRoundRect', parameter_types=('android.graphics.RectF', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawRoundRect', parameter_types=('float', 'float', 'float', 'float', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawText', parameter_types=('char[]', 'int', 'int', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawText', parameter_types=('java.lang.CharSequence', 'int', 'int', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawText', parameter_types=('java.lang.String', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawText', parameter_types=('java.lang.String', 'int', 'int', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawTextOnPath', parameter_types=('char[]', 'int', 'int', 'android.graphics.Path', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawTextOnPath', parameter_types=('java.lang.String', 'android.graphics.Path', 'float', 'float', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawTextRun', parameter_types=('android.graphics.text.MeasuredText', 'int', 'int', 'int', 'int', 'float', 'float', 'boolean', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawTextRun', parameter_types=('char[]', 'int', 'int', 'int', 'int', 'float', 'float', 'boolean', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawTextRun', parameter_types=('java.lang.CharSequence', 'int', 'int', 'int', 'int', 'float', 'float', 'boolean', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.graphics.RecordingCanvas', name='drawVertices', parameter_types=('android.graphics.Canvas$VertexMode', 'int', 'float[]', 'int', 'float[]', 'int', 'int[]', 'int', 'short[]', 'int', 'int', 'android.graphics.Paint'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.icu.util.CopticCalendar', name='handleComputeMonthStart', parameter_types=('int', 'int', 'boolean'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.icu.util.CopticCalendar', name='handleGetLimit', parameter_types=('int', 'int'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.icu.util.EthiopicCalendar', name='handleComputeMonthStart', parameter_types=('int', 'int', 'boolean'))
MethodSub(class_name='android.inputmethodservice.AbstractInputMethodService', name='getSystemService', parameter_types=('java.lang.String',))
MethodSub(class_name='android.inputmethodservice.AbstractInputMethodService', name='onDestroy', parameter_types=())
MethodSub(class_name='android.inputmethodservice.InputMethodService', name='getSystemService', parameter_types=('java.lang.String',))
MethodSub(class_name='android.net.eap.EapSessionConfig$EapAkaConfig', name='equals', parameter_types=('java.lang.Object',))
MethodSub(class_name='android.net.eap.EapSessionConfig$EapAkaConfig', name='hashCode', parameter_types=())
MethodSub(class_name='android.net.eap.EapSessionConfig$EapSimConfig', name='equals', parameter_types=('java.lang.Object',))
MethodSub(class_name='android.net.eap.EapSessionConfig$EapSimConfig', name='hashCode', parameter_types=())
MethodSub(class_name='android.telephony.ims.feature.MmTelFeature$MmTelCapabilities', name='equals', parameter_types=('java.lang.Object',))
MethodSub(class_name='android.telephony.ims.feature.MmTelFeature$MmTelCapabilities', name='hashCode', parameter_types=())
MethodSub(class_name='android.text.SpannedString', name='toString', parameter_types=())
MethodSub(class_name='java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$KeySetView', name='clear', parameter_types=())
MethodSub(class_name='java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$KeySetView', name='containsAll', parameter_types=('java.util.Collection',))
MethodSub(class_name='java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$KeySetView', name='isEmpty', parameter_types=())
MethodSub(class_name='java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$KeySetView', name='retainAll', parameter_types=('java.util.Collection',))
MethodSub(class_name='java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$KeySetView', name='size', parameter_types=())
MethodSub(class_name='java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$KeySetView', name='toArray', parameter_types=())
MethodSub(class_name='java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$KeySetView', name='toArray', parameter_types=('java.lang.Object[]',))
MethodSub(class_name='java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$KeySetView', name='toString', parameter_types=())
70 exclusive methods
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default <init> count in JAR: 838
other <init> count in JAR: 28
(all <init> are default constructors)It shows that 4 annotation classes are exclusive to JAR. Further details about the exclusive methods are manually checked.
The non-CSV APIs can be obtained by running the three functions: analyze_non_csv_classes(), analyze_non_csv_fields(), and analyze_non_csv_methods().