diff --git a/poetry.lock b/poetry.lock
index d30fc2cef..d1d3eb383 100644
--- a/poetry.lock
+++ b/poetry.lock
@@ -1379,8 +1379,11 @@ name = "docutils"
 version = "0.18.1"
 description = "Docutils -- Python Documentation Utilities"
 optional = false
-python-versions = "*"
-files = []
+python-versions = ">=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*"
+files = [
+    {file = "docutils-0.18.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:23010f129180089fbcd3bc08cfefccb3b890b0050e1ca00c867036e9d161b98c"},
+    {file = "docutils-0.18.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:679987caf361a7539d76e584cbeddc311e3aee937877c87346f31debc63e9d06"},
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "entrypoints"
@@ -3087,17 +3090,6 @@ requests-toolbelt = ">=1.0.0,<2.0.0"
 [package.extras]
 langsmith-pyo3 = ["langsmith-pyo3 (>=0.1.0rc2,<0.2.0)"]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "latex2mathml"
-version = "3.77.0"
-description = "Pure Python library for LaTeX to MathML conversion"
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.8.1,<4.0.0"
-files = [
-    {file = "latex2mathml-3.77.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:5531e18a2a9eae7c24e257118b6a444cbba253cd27ff3e81f1bd6c41e88e786e"},
-    {file = "latex2mathml-3.77.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:e2f501d1878f2e489c3f6f12786bef74c62f712d2770f7f3c837eb20a55d0a1e"},
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "llvmlite"
 version = "0.41.1"
@@ -4132,7 +4124,6 @@ description = "Nvidia JIT LTO Library"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3"
 files = [
-    {file = "nvidia_nvjitlink_cu12-12.4.127-py3-none-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:4abe7fef64914ccfa909bc2ba39739670ecc9e820c83ccc7a6ed414122599b83"},
     {file = "nvidia_nvjitlink_cu12-12.4.127-py3-none-manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:06b3b9b25bf3f8af351d664978ca26a16d2c5127dbd53c0497e28d1fb9611d57"},
     {file = "nvidia_nvjitlink_cu12-12.4.127-py3-none-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:fd9020c501d27d135f983c6d3e244b197a7ccad769e34df53a42e276b0e25fa1"},
 ]
@@ -4317,8 +4308,8 @@ files = [
 [package.dependencies]
 numpy = [
     {version = ">=1.20.3", markers = "python_version < \"3.10\""},
-    {version = ">=1.23.2", markers = "python_version >= \"3.11\""},
     {version = ">=1.21.0", markers = "python_version >= \"3.10\" and python_version < \"3.11\""},
+    {version = ">=1.23.2", markers = "python_version >= \"3.11\""},
 ]
 python-dateutil = ">=2.8.2"
 pytz = ">=2020.1"
@@ -4992,19 +4983,6 @@ files = [
     {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp312-cp312-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:392bc9feabc647338e6c89267635e111d71edad5fcffba204425a7c8d13610d7"},
     {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp38-cp38-macosx_10_15_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:af5ff82a04b2171415f1410cff7ebb79861afc5dae50be73ce06d6e870615204"},
     {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp38-cp38-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:edca18eaca89cd6382dfbcff3dd2d87633433043650c07375d095cd3517561d8"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:7c7916bff914ac5d4a8fe25b7a25e432ff921e72f6f2b7547d1e325c1ad9d155"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:f553ca691b9e94b202ff741bdd40f6ccb70cdd5fbf65c187af132f1317de6145"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:0cdb0e627c86c373205a2f94a510ac4376fdc523f8bb36beab2e7f204416163c"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:d7d192305d9d8bc9082d10f361fc70a73590a4c65cf31c3e6926cd72b76bc35c"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:02dae06ce212d8b3244dd3e7d12d9c4d3046945a5933d28026598e9dbbda1fca"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp39-cp39-macosx_10_15_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:13d7a460b412f31e4c0efa1148e1d29bdf18ad1411eb6757d38f8fbdcc8645fb"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp39-cp39-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:9b564a51fbccfab5a04a80453e5ac6c9954a9c5ef2890d1bcf63741909c3f8df"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp39-cp39-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:32503827abbc5aadedfa235f5ece8c4f8f8b0a3cf01066bc8d29de7539532687"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp39-cp39-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:a155acc7f154b9ffcc85497509bcd0d43efb80d6f733b0dc3bb14e281f131c8b"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp39-cp39-manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:dec8d129254d0188a49f8a1fc99e0560dc1b85f60af729f47de4046015f9b0a5"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp39-cp39-manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:a48ddf5c3c6a6c505904545c25a4ae13646ae1f8ba703c4df4a1bfe4f4006bda"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:42bf93249a083aca230ba7e2786c5f673507fa97bbd9725a1e2754715151a204"},
-    {file = "pyarrow-17.0.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:4beca9521ed2c0921c1023e68d097d0299b62c362639ea315572a58f3f50fd28"},
 ]
 
 [package.dependencies]
@@ -8163,4 +8141,4 @@ r-support = ["rpy2"]
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "2.0"
 python-versions = ">=3.8.1,<3.12"
-content-hash = "aac1de3da168e197391f731d946d203db30ddb24d98ae474689ec15b7563bde9"
+content-hash = "dcf7a178278fe9d98b68e3848c39b537d5e088edeb93c53e29a9968ad9346d76"
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 19fb51b10..e993c5266 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ ipywidgets = "*"
 kaleido = ">=0.2.1,!=0.2.1.post1"
 langchain-openai = {version = ">=0.1.8", optional = true}
 langdetect = "*"
-latex2mathml = ">=3.77.0"
 llvmlite = {version = "*", python = ">=3.8,<=3.11"}
 matplotlib = "*"
 mistune = "^3.0.2"
diff --git a/validmind/html_templates/content_blocks.py b/validmind/html_templates/content_blocks.py
index 21d105537..9adcab4ac 100644
--- a/validmind/html_templates/content_blocks.py
+++ b/validmind/html_templates/content_blocks.py
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
 </script>
 """
 
-# FIXME: this is a bit too hacky
+# have to dynamically load mathjax
 math_jax_snippet = """
 <script>
 window.MathJax = {
diff --git a/validmind/utils.py b/validmind/utils.py
index e45325949..affcc31c3 100644
--- a/validmind/utils.py
+++ b/validmind/utils.py
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 from IPython.core import getipython
 from IPython.display import HTML
 from IPython.display import display as ipy_display
-from latex2mathml.converter import convert
 from matplotlib.axes._axes import _log as matplotlib_axes_logger
 from numpy import ndarray
 from sklearn.exceptions import UndefinedMetricWarning
@@ -491,7 +490,7 @@ def display(widget_or_html, syntax_highlighting=True, mathjax=True):
         ipy_display(HTML(widget_or_html))
         # if html we can auto-detect if we actually need syntax highlighting or MathJax
         syntax_highlighting = 'class="language-' in widget_or_html
-        mathjax = "$$" in widget_or_html
+        mathjax = "math/tex" in widget_or_html
     else:
         ipy_display(widget_or_html)
 
@@ -510,20 +509,20 @@ def md_to_html(md: str, mathml=False) -> str:
     )(md)
 
     if not mathml:
-        # return the html as is (with latex that will be rendered by MathJax)
         return html
 
-    # convert the latex to MathML which CKeditor can render
+    # convert the latex to mathjax
     math_block_pattern = re.compile(r'<div class="math">\$\$([\s\S]*?)\$\$</div>')
     html = math_block_pattern.sub(
-        lambda match: "<p>{}</p>".format(convert(match.group(1), display="block")), html
+        lambda match: '<script type="math/tex; mode=display">{}</script>'.format(
+            match.group(1)
+        ),
+        html,
     )
 
     inline_math_pattern = re.compile(r'<span class="math">\\\((.*?)\\\)</span>')
     html = inline_math_pattern.sub(
-        lambda match: "<span>{}</span>".format(
-            convert(match.group(1), display="inline")
-        ),
+        lambda match: '<script type="math/tex">{}</script>'.format(match.group(1)),
         html,
     )