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Reference

  • Verbs (actions)
    • d: delete
    • c: change
    • y: yank (copy)
    • v: visually select char (V for full line)
  • Modifiers (before nouns to describe how to do something)
    • i: inside
    • a: around
    • NUM: number (e.g. 1, 2, 10)
    • t: search for something and stop before it
    • f: search for something and land on it
    • /: find a string (or regex)
  • Nouns (objects)
    • w: word
    • s or ): sentence
    • p or }: paragraph
    • t: tag (HTML/XML)
    • b: block
  • Order: VMN (verb, modifier, noun)
    • d2w: delete 2 words
    • dt.: delete everything until next period
    • cis: change inside sentence (replace current full sentence)
    • yip: yank inside paragraph (copy paragraph you are in)
    • yt;: copy to next semicolon
    • ct(: change to open parenthesis
  • Save & exit
    • :wq
    • ZZ (no colon)
  • Search
    • /{string}: search for {string}
    • t: jump up to a char
    • f: jump onto a char
    • *: search for other instances of word under cursor
    • n: go to next instance of search string
    • N: go to previous instance of search string
    • ;: go to next instance of a char (use after t or f)
    • ,: go to previous instance of a char (use after t or f)
    • K: grep for files containing the word under cursor (requires silver_searcher)
  • Move
    • Basic
      • j: move down one line
      • k: move up one line
      • l: move left one char
      • h: move right one char
    • Line
      • 0: move to beginning of line
      • ^: move to first non-whitespace char of line
      • $: move to end of line
    • Word
      • w: move forward one word (to beginning)
      • W: move forward one big word (e.g. with -, /, etc.)
      • b: move backward one word (to beginning)
      • B: move backward one big word (e.g. with -, /, etc.)
      • e: move to end of current/next word
    • Sentence/paragraph
      • ): move forward one sentence
      • }: move forward one paragraph
    • Screen
      • H: move to top (high)
      • M: move to middle
      • L: move to bottom (low)
      • gg: go to top of file
      • G: go to bottom of file
      • ^U: move up half a screen
      • ^D: move down half a screen
      • ^F: page down (forward)
      • ^B: page up (backwards)
      • ^E: scroll up one line
      • ^I: scroll down one line
    • Jump
      • ^i: jump to previous navigation location
      • ^o: jump back to where you were
      • 30G: jump to line # 30
      • :30: jump to line # 30
  • Change/insert (all enter Insert mode)
    • i: insert before the cursor
    • a: append after the cursor
    • I: insert at the beginning of the line
    • A: append at the end of the line
    • o: open a new line below the current one
    • O: open a new line above the current one
    • r: replace only the char under the cursor
    • R: replace the char under the cursor and following until Esc
    • c{m}: change whatever you use as a movement {m} (e.g. w, $)
    • C: change current line (from cursor to end of line)
    • s: substitute from cursor to next command (noun) [doesn't work?]
    • S: substitute current line
    • ~: change case (toggle)
  • Format
    • gq ap: format around paragraph (ap) according to textwidth setting
    • !}fmt -w 72: format paragraph (}) to be 72 chars wide (can be line ($), sentence ()), etc.)
  • Delete
    • x: exterminate char under cursor
    • X: exterminate char before cursor
    • d{m}: delete whatever you use as a movement {m} (e.g. w, })
    • dd: delete current line
    • D: delete to end of line
    • J: join current line with next one (delete what's b/w)
  • Undo/redo (can use repeatedly to go back or forward)
    • u: undo last action
    • ^r: redo last action
  • Repeat

    • .: repeat last action (edit command?)

      dw      # *delete* a *word*
5.      # delete 5 more words

      /delinquent             # search for a word
A[DO NOT PAY] [Esc]     # *append* text to end of line
n.                      # repeat on all other instances

    • &: repeat last ex command?

  • Copy/paste
    • y: yank selected text
    • yy: yank current line
    • cutting is the same as deleting (deleted text is stored into a buffer)
    • p: paste copied (or deleted) text after the cursor position
    • P: paste copied (or deleted) text before the cursor position
      • ddp: swap current line with next
    • "*yy: copy to sys register/clipboard
    • "*p: paste from sys register/clipboard (need +clipboard and maybe +xterm_clipboard)
    • vim --version: check options vim is compiled with
  • Spell check
    • :set {no}spell: enable/disable spell check
    • :setlocal spell: enable spell check?
    • ]s: go to next misspelled word
    • [s: go to last misspelled word
    • z=: get suggestions for a misspelled word (when over it)
    • zg: mark a misspelled word as correct
    • zw: mark a good word as misspelled
    • ^N: next auto-complete in insert mode only (set complete+=kspell)
    • ^P: previous auto-complete in insert mode only (set complete+=kspell)
  • Substitution
    • :%s /foo/bar/g: substitute all foo with bar on every line
    • :s /foo/bar/g: substitute all foo with bar only on current line
    • :%s/^/this/g: insert 'this' at the beginning of every line
    • :%s/$/this/g: insert 'this' at the end of every line
    • :1,^s/foo/bar/g: replace all 'foo' with 'bar' from line 1 to the start of the current line
    • g is for all instances in a file (:%s) or a line (:s) (global)
    • c is for confirmation
    • :%s/|/[Ctrl+V][Ctrl+M]/g: substitute all | with new lines
  • Text objects (perform actions/verbs against complex targets/nouns)
    • iw: inside word (doesn't get spaces)
    • aw: around word (gets spaces around)
      • daw: delete around word
    • is & as: sentences
      • cis: change inside sentence (delete entire sentence and get in Insert Mode)
    • ip & ap: paragraphs
    • i' & a': single quotes
    • i" & a": double quotes
      • ci": change everything inside double quotes (change only thing in quotes)
      • ca": change everything around double quotes (replace full quoted object)
      • edit HTML URL link
        • ci": change link in quotes
        • cit: change link tag?
    • i` & a`: back ticks
    • i( & a(: parenthesis
    • i[ & a[: brackets
    • i{ & a{: braces
    • it & at: tags
  • Visual mode
    • v: char-based
    • V: line-based
    • ^V: paragraphs

Conversions

  • dos to unix
:update
:e ++ff=dos
:setlocal ff=unix
:w

Plugins/bundles

  • Vundle
    • :SyntasticInfo: check syntastic status
    • :BundleList: list of bundles
    • :BundleInstall!: force update of bundles
  • vim-plug
    • :PlugInstall
    • :PlugClean
    • :PlugUpdate

Tabs and spaces

  • Replace spaces with tabs

    • :retab!
    • :%s/^\([^I]*\) /\1^I/g: bad?

  • Replace tabs with spaces

    • :retab

  • Change indentation from 2 to 4 spaces

    • First convert spaces to tabs
    :set ts=2 sts=2 noet
:retab!
    • Then convert tabs to spaces
    :set ts=4 sts=4 et
:retab

Comments

  • Comment N lines using visual block mode [Best]
^V      # enter visual block mode
j       # scroll down N lines
l       # if uncommenting multi-char types (e.g. //)

I       # insert (comment)
//      # comment type
#       # or this comment type

d       # or delete (uncomment)
x       # another delete

Esc     # small delay after
  • :.,+N-1 s/^/#/g: comment N lines
  • :%s/^/#/g: comment every line in a file
  • :5,10s/^/#: comment lines 5 through 10

Misc

  • :set nu: show line numbers