diff --git a/app/controllers/DashboardController.php b/app/controllers/DashboardController.php
index 6c587b7..6c8734e 100644
--- a/app/controllers/DashboardController.php
+++ b/app/controllers/DashboardController.php
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ class DashboardController extends ApplicationController
   public function index()
   {
     if (!User::can('manage-site')) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', 'You are not allowed to view the dashboard.');
+      fMessaging::create('error', T('You are not allowed to view the dashboard.'));
       fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
     }
     
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ private function gitPullOriginMaster()
   { 
     $data_base_dir = Variable::getString('data-base-path');
     if (!is_dir($data_base_dir)) {
-      throw new fValidationException("Data base directory {$data_base_dir} does not exist.");
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Data base directory %s does not exist.'),$data_base_dir);
     }
     $pwd = getcwd();
     chdir($data_base_dir);
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ private function showProblem($id, $ignore_git=FALSE)
     try {
       $problem = new Problem($id);
       if ($problem->exists()) {
-        throw new fValidationException("Problem {$id} already exists.");
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Problem %s already exists.'),$id);
       }
     } catch (fNotFoundException $e) {
       // fall through
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ private function showProblem($id, $ignore_git=FALSE)
     
     $data_base_dir = Variable::getString('data-base-path');
     if (!is_dir($data_base_dir)) {
-      throw new fValidationException("Data base directory {$data_base_dir} does not exist.");
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Data base directory %s does not exist.'),$data_base_dir);
     }
     
     if (!$ignore_git) {
@@ -78,47 +78,47 @@ private function showProblem($id, $ignore_git=FALSE)
     
     $problem_dir = "{$data_base_dir}/problems/{$id}";
     if (!is_dir($problem_dir)) {
-      throw new fValidationException("Problem directory {$problem_dir} does not exist.");
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Problem directory %s does not exist.'),$problem_dir);
     }
     
     $problem_conf = "{$problem_dir}/problem.conf";
     if (!is_file($problem_conf)) {
-      throw new fValidationException("Problem configuration file {$problem_conf} does not exist.");
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Problem configuration file %s does not exist.'),$problem_conf);
     }
     
     $problem_text = "{$problem_dir}/problem.text";
     if (!is_file($problem_text)) {
-      throw new fValidationException("Problem description file {$problem_text} does not exist.");
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Problem description file %s does not exist.'),$problem_text);
     }
     
     $data_dir = "{$problem_dir}/data";
     if (!is_dir($data_dir)) {
-      throw new fValidationException("Problem {$id} does not have a data directory at {$data_dir}");
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Problem %s does not have a data directory at %s.'),$id,$data_dir);
     }
     
     $properties_content = file_get_contents($problem_conf);
     $ini_content = str_replace(': ', ' = ', $properties_content);
     $ini = parse_ini_string($ini_content);
     if (!array_key_exists('title', $ini) or empty($ini['title'])) {
-      throw new fValidationException('Problem title is not specified in problem.conf');
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Problem title is not specified in problem.conf'));
     }
     if (!array_key_exists('author', $ini)) {
-      throw new fValidationException('Problem author is not specified in problem.conf');
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Problem author is not specified in problem.conf'));
     }
     if (!array_key_exists('case_count', $ini) or empty($ini['case_count'])) {
-      throw new fValidationException('Problem case count is not specified in problem.conf');
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Problem case count is not specified in problem.conf'));
     }
     if (!array_key_exists('case_score', $ini) or empty($ini['case_score'])) {
-      throw new fValidationException('Problem case score is not specified in problem.conf');
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Problem case score is not specified in problem.conf'));
     }
     if (!array_key_exists('time_limit', $ini) or empty($ini['time_limit'])) {
-      throw new fValidationException('Problem time limit is not specified in problem.conf');
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Problem time limit is not specified in problem.conf'));
     }
     if (!array_key_exists('memory_limit', $ini) or empty($ini['memory_limit'])) {
-      throw new fValidationException('Problem memory limit is not specified in problem.conf');
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Problem memory limit is not specified in problem.conf'));
     }
     if (!array_key_exists('secret_before', $ini) or empty($ini['secret_before'])) {
-      throw new fValidationException('Problem secret-before time is not specified in problem.conf');
+      throw new fValidationException(T('Problem secret-before time is not specified in problem.conf'));
     }
     
     if (empty($ini['author'])) {
@@ -140,11 +140,11 @@ private function showProblem($id, $ignore_git=FALSE)
     for ($t = 1; $t <= $problem->getCaseCount(); $t++) {
       $input = "{$data_dir}/$t.in";
       if (!is_file($input)) {
-        throw new fValidationException("Case input file {$input} is not found in {$data_dir}");
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Case input file %s is not found in %s.'),$input,$data_dir);
       }
       $output = "{$data_dir}/$t.out";
       if (!is_file($output)) {
-        throw new fValidationException("Case output file {$output} is not found in {$data_dir}");
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Case out file %s is not found in %s.'),$output,$data_dir);
       }
     }
     
@@ -198,23 +198,23 @@ public function manageProblem($id, $action)
   {
     try {
       if (!User::can('manage-site')) {
-        throw new fAuthorizationException('You are not allowed to manage problems.');
+        throw new fAuthorizationException(T('You are not allowed to manage problems.'));
       }
       if ($action == 'Show') {
         $this->showProblem($id);
-        fMessaging::create('success', "Problem {$id} showed successfully.");
+        fMessaging::create('success', T('Problem %s showed successfully.',$id));
       } else if ($action == 'Hide') {
         $this->hideProblem($id);
-        fMessaging::create('success', "Problem {$id} hidden successfully.");
+        fMessaging::create('success', T('Problem %s hidden successfully.',$id));
       } else if ($action == 'Refresh') {
         $this->refreshProblem($id);
-        fMessaging::create('success', "Problem {$id} refreshed successfully.");
+        fMessaging::create('success', T('Problem %s refreshed successfully.',$id));
       } else if ($action == 'Refresh All' and User::can('refresh-all')) {
         $this->refreshAllProblems();
-        fMessaging::create('success', 'All problems refreshed successfully.');
+        fMessaging::create('success', T('All problems refreshed successfully.'));
       }
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
     }
     fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
   }
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ public function rejudge($id)
   {
     try {
       if (!User::can('rejudge-record')) {
-        throw new fAuthorizationException('You are not allowed to rejudge records.');
+        throw new fAuthorizationException(T('You are not allowed to rejudge records.'));
       }
       $old_record = new Record($id);
       $new_record = new Record();
@@ -236,9 +236,9 @@ public function rejudge($id)
       $new_record->setJudgeMessage('Rejudging... PROB=' . $old_record->getProblemId() . ' LANG=' . $old_record->getLanguageName());
       $new_record->setVerdict(Verdict::UNKNOWN);
       $new_record->store();
-      fMessaging::create('success', "Record {$id} rejudged.");
+      fMessaging::create('success', T('Record %s rejudged.',$id));
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
     }
     fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
   }
@@ -247,17 +247,17 @@ public function manjudge($id, $score)
   {
     try {
       if (!User::can('rejudge-record')) {
-        throw new fAuthorizationException('You are not allowed to rejudge records.');
+        throw new fAuthorizationException(T('You are not allowed to rejudge records.'));
       }
       if ($score < 0) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Score cannot be negative.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Score cannot be negative.'));
       }
       $record = new Record($id);
       $record->manjudge($score);
       $record->store();
-      fMessaging::create('success', "Record {$id} manually judged.");
+      fMessaging::create('success', T('Record %s manually judged.',$id));
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
     }
     fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
   }
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ public function createReport()
   {
     try {
       if (!User::can('create-report')) {
-        throw new fAuthorizationException('You are not allowed to create reports.');
+        throw new fAuthorizationException(T('You are not allowed to create reports.'));
       }
       $report = new Report();
       $report->setVisible(fRequest::get('visible', 'integer'));
@@ -276,9 +276,9 @@ public function createReport()
       $report->setStartDatetime(fRequest::get('start_time', 'timestamp'));
       $report->setEndDatetime(fRequest::get('end_time', 'timestamp'));
       $report->store();
-      fMessaging::create('success', 'Report created successfully.');
+      fMessaging::create('success', T('Report created successfully.'));
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
     }
     fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
   }
@@ -291,28 +291,28 @@ public function manageReport($id, $action)
         if (User::can('view-any-report')) {
           $report->setVisible(1);
           $report->store();
-          fMessaging::create('success', "Report {$id} showed successfully.");
+          fMessaging::create('success', T('Report %s showed successfully.',$id));
         } else {
-          throw new fAuthorizationException('You are not allowed to show this report.');
+          throw new fAuthorizationException(T('You are not allowed to show this report.'));
         }
       } else if ($action == 'Hide') {
         if (User::can('view-any-report')) {
           $report->setVisible(0);
           $report->store();
-          fMessaging::create('success', "Report {$id} hidden successfully.");
+          fMessaging::create('success', T('Report %s hidden successfully.',$id));
         } else {
-          throw new fAuthorizationException('You are not allowed to hide this report.');
+          throw new fAuthorizationException(T('You are not allowed to hide this report.'));
         }
       } else if ($action == 'Remove') {
         if (User::can('remove-report')) {
           $report->delete();
-          fMessaging::create('success', "Report {$id} removed successfully.");
+          fMessaging::create('success', T('Report %s removed successfully.',$id));
         } else {
-          throw new fAuthorizationException('You are not allowed to remove this report.');
+          throw new fAuthorizationException(T('You are not allowed to remove this report.'));
         }
       }
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
     }
     fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
   }
@@ -328,21 +328,21 @@ public function managePermission($action)
           $permission->setUserName($user_name);
           $permission->setPermissionName($permission_name);
           $permission->store();
-          fMessaging::create('success', 'Permission added successfully.');
+          fMessaging::create('success', T('Permission added successfully.'));
         } else {
-          throw new fAuthorizationException('You are not allowed to add permissions.');
+          throw new fAuthorizationException(T('You are not allowed to add permissions.'));
         }
       } else if ($action == 'Remove') {
         if (User::can('remove-permission')) {
           $permission = new Permission(array('user_name' => $user_name, 'permission_name' => $permission_name));
           $permission->delete();
-          fMessaging::create('success', 'Permission removed successfully.');
+          fMessaging::create('success', T('Permission removed successfully.'));
         } else {
-          throw new fAuthorizationException('You are not allowed to remove permissions.');
+          throw new fAuthorizationException(T('You are not allowed to remove permissions.'));
         }
       }
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
     }
     fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
   }
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ public function setVariable()
       if (fRequest::get('remove', 'boolean')) {
         $variable = new Variable(fRequest::get('name'));
         $variable->delete();
-        fMessaging::create('success', 'Variable removed successfully.');
+        fMessaging::create('success', T('Variable removed successfully.'));
       } else {
         try {
           $variable = new Variable(fRequest::get('name'));
@@ -363,10 +363,10 @@ public function setVariable()
         }
         $variable->setValue(fRequest::get('value'));
         $variable->store();
-        fMessaging::create('success', 'Variable set successfully.');
+        fMessaging::create('success', T('Variable set successfully.'));
       }
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
     }
     fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
   }
diff --git a/app/controllers/ProblemController.php b/app/controllers/ProblemController.php
index 7a07da9..fd21d35 100644
--- a/app/controllers/ProblemController.php
+++ b/app/controllers/ProblemController.php
@@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ public function show($id)
       $this->problem = new Problem($id);
       if ($this->problem->isSecretNow()) {
         if (!User::can('view-any-problem')) {
-          throw new fAuthorizationException('Problem is secret now.');
+          throw new fAuthorizationException(T('Problem is secret now.'));
         }
       }
       $this->nav_class = 'problems';
       $this->render('problem/show');
     } catch (fExpectedException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('warning', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('warning', T($e->getMessage()));
       fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
     } catch (fUnexpectedException $e) {
       fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
diff --git a/app/controllers/RecordController.php b/app/controllers/RecordController.php
index 39f6c8e..081240a 100644
--- a/app/controllers/RecordController.php
+++ b/app/controllers/RecordController.php
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ public function show($id)
     try {
       $this->record = new Record($id);
       if (!$this->record->isReadable()) {
-        throw new fAuthorizationException('You are not allowed to read this record.');
+        throw new fAuthorizationException(T('You are not allowed to read this record.'));
       }
       $this->nav_class = 'status';
       $this->render('record/show');
     } catch (fExpectedException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('warning', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('warning', T($e->getMessage()));
       fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
     } catch (fUnexpectedException $e) {
       fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
diff --git a/app/controllers/ReportController.php b/app/controllers/ReportController.php
index c613f60..89f94b6 100644
--- a/app/controllers/ReportController.php
+++ b/app/controllers/ReportController.php
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public function show($id)
     try {
       $this->report = new Report($id);
       if (!$this->report->isReadable()) {
-        throw new fAuthorizationException('You are not allowed to view this report.');
+        throw new fAuthorizationException(T('You are not allowed to view this report.'));
       }
       
       global $cache;
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public function show($id)
       $this->nav_class = 'reports';
       $this->render('report/show');
     } catch (fExpectedException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('warning', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('warning', T($e->getMessage()));
       fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
     } catch (fUnexpectedException $e) {
       fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
@@ -64,16 +64,16 @@ public function newRegistration($id)
     try {
       $report = new Report($id);
       if (!$report->isRegistrable()) {
-        throw new fValidationException('This contest is not registrable.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('This contest is not registrable.'));
       }
       $registration = new Registration();
       $registration->setUsername(fAuthorization::getUserToken());
       $registration->setReportId($report->getId());
       $registration->store();
       BoardCacheInvalidator::invalidateByReport($report);
-      fMessaging::create('success', 'Registered successfully.');
+      fMessaging::create('success', T('Registered successfully.'));
     } catch (fExpectedException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('warning', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('warning', T($e->getMessage()));
     } catch (fUnexpectedException $e) {
       fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
     }
@@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ public function newQuestion($id)
     try {
       $report = new Report($id);
       if (!$report->allowQuestion()) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Not allowed to ask question.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Not allowed to ask question.'));
       }
       $category = fRequest::get('category', 'integer');
       if ($category == 0) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Please choose a category.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Please choose a category.'));
       }
       $question = new Question();
       $question->setUsername(fAuthorization::getUserToken());
@@ -104,15 +104,15 @@ public function newQuestion($id)
       $question->setAskTime(new fTimestamp());
       $question->setQuestion(trim(fRequest::get('question')));
       if (strlen($question->getQuestion()) < 10) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Question too short (minimum 10 bytes).');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Question too short (minimum 10 bytes).'));
       }
       if (strlen($question->getQuestion()) > 500) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Question too long (maximum 500 bytes).');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Question too long (maximum 500 bytes).'));
       }
       $question->store();
-      fMessaging::create('success', 'Question saved.');
+      fMessaging::create('success', T('Question saved.'));
     } catch (fExpectedException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('warning', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('warning', T($e->getMessage()));
     } catch (fUnexpectedException $e) {
       fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
     }
@@ -125,14 +125,14 @@ public function replyQuestion($id)
       $question = new Question($id);
       $report = new Report($report_id = $question->getReportId());
       if (!$report->allowAnswer()) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Not allowed to answer question.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Not allowed to answer question.'));
       }
       $question->setAnswerTime(new fTimestamp());
       $question->setAnswer(trim(fRequest::get('reply')));
       $question->store();
-      fMessaging::create('success', 'Question answered.');
+      fMessaging::create('success', T('Question answered.'));
     } catch (fExpectedException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('warning', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('warning', T($e->getMessage()));
     } catch (fUnexpectedException $e) {
       fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
     }
@@ -145,13 +145,13 @@ public function toggleQuestionVisibility($id)
       $question = new Question($id);
       $report = new Report($report_id = $question->getReportId());
       if (!$report->allowAnswer()) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Not allowed to toggle question visibility.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Not allowed to toggle question visibility.'));
       }
       $question->setCategory(-$question->getCategory());
       $question->store();
-      fMessaging::create('success', 'Visibility toggled.');
+      fMessaging::create('success', T('Visibility toggled.'));
     } catch (fExpectedException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('warning', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('warning', T($e->getMessage()));
     } catch (fUnexpectedException $e) {
       fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
     }
diff --git a/app/controllers/SubmitController.php b/app/controllers/SubmitController.php
index e7ab59f..ceea9d5 100644
--- a/app/controllers/SubmitController.php
+++ b/app/controllers/SubmitController.php
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ public function submit($problem_id)
       fSession::set('last_language', $language);
       $code = trim(fRequest::get('code', 'string'));
       if (strlen($code) == 0) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Code cannot be empty.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Code cannot be empty.'));
       }
       if ($problem->isSecretNow()) {
         if (!User::can('view-any-problem')) {
-          throw new fAuthorizationException('Problem is secret now. You are not allowed to submit this problem.');
+          throw new fAuthorizationException(T('Problem is secret now. You are not allowed to submit this problem.'));
         }
       }
       
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public function submit($problem_id)
       
       Util::redirect('/status');
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
       fMessaging::create('code', '/submit', fRequest::get('code', 'string'));
       Util::redirect("/submit?problem={$problem_id}");
     }
diff --git a/app/controllers/UserController.php b/app/controllers/UserController.php
index 695ce03..145729b 100644
--- a/app/controllers/UserController.php
+++ b/app/controllers/UserController.php
@@ -46,39 +46,39 @@ public function login()
         $user = new User($username);
         if ($user->getPassword() == $password_hash) {
           fAuthorization::setUserToken($user->getUsername());
-          fMessaging::create('success', 'Logged in successfully.');
+          fMessaging::create('success', T('Logged in successfully.'));
           fURL::redirect(fAuthorization::getRequestedURL(TRUE, Util::getReferer()));
         } else {
-          throw new fValidationException('Password mismatch.');
+          throw new fValidationException(T('Password mismatch.'));
         }
       } else if (fRequest::get('action') == '注册') {
         if (strlen($username) < 4) {
-          throw new fValidationException('Username is too short.');
+          throw new fValidationException(T('Username is too short.'));
         }
         if (strlen($username) > 20) {
-          throw new fValidationException('Username is too long.');
+          throw new fValidationException(T('Username is too long.'));
         }
         if (strlen($password) < 6) {
-          throw new fValidationException('Password is too short.');
+          throw new fValidationException(T('Password is too short.'));
         }
         if (Util::contains('`~!@#$%^&*()-+=[]\\;\',/{}|:"<>?', $username) or preg_match('/\s/', $username)) {
-          throw new fValidationException('Username is illegal.');
+          throw new fValidationException(T('Username is illegal.'));
         }
         try {
           $user = new User($username);
-          throw new fValidationException('User already exists.');
+          throw new fValidationException(T('User already exists.'));
         } catch (fNotFoundException $e) {
           $user = new User();
           $user->setUsername($username);
           $user->setPassword($password_hash);
           $user->store();
           fAuthorization::setUserToken($user->getUsername());
-          fMessaging::create('success', 'Registered successfully.');
+          fMessaging::create('success', T('Registered successfully.'));
           Util::redirect('/email/verify');
         }
       }
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
       fURL::redirect(fAuthorization::getRequestedURL(TRUE, Util::getReferer()));
     }
   }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public function login()
   public function logout()
   {
     fAuthorization::destroyUserInfo();
-    fMessaging::create('success', 'Logged out successfully.');
+    fMessaging::create('success', T('Logged out successfully.'));
     if (strstr(Util::getReferer(), 'contest')) {
       fURL::redirect(SITE_BASE);
     } else {
@@ -118,10 +118,10 @@ public function updateInfo()
       $profile->setPhoneNumber($phone_number);
       $profile->store();
       
-      fMessaging::create('success', 'Information updated successfully.');
+      fMessaging::create('success', T('Information updated successfully.'));
       fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
       Util::redirect('/change/info');
     }
   }
@@ -139,26 +139,26 @@ public function updatePassword()
       $new_password = fRequest::get('new_password');
       $repeat_password = fRequest::get('repeat_password');
       if (strlen($old_password) < 6) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Old password is too short.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Old password is too short.'));
       }
       if (strlen($new_password) < 6) {
-        throw new fValidationException('New password is too short.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('New password is too short.'));
       }
       if ($new_password != $repeat_password) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Repeat password mismatch.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Repeat password mismatch.'));
       }
       $user = new User(fAuthorization::getUserToken());
       $old_password_hash = static::hashPassword($old_password);
       if ($user->getPassword() != $old_password_hash) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Old password mismatch.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Old password mismatch.'));
       }
       $new_password_hash = static::hashPassword($new_password);
       $user->setPassword($new_password_hash);
       $user->store();
-      fMessaging::create('success', 'Password updated successfully.');
+      fMessaging::create('success', T('Password updated successfully.'));
       fURL::redirect(Util::getReferer());
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
       Util::redirect('/change/password');
     }
   }
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public function sendVericode()
     try {
       $email = fRequest::get('email', 'string');
       if (filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) == FALSE) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Invalid email address.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Invalid email address.'));
       }
       
       $v = new Vericode();
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ public function sendVericode()
       );
       Util::redirect('/email/verify/sent');
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T($e->getMessage()));
       Util::redirect('/email/verify');
     }
   }
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ public function checkVericode($id, $vericode)
     try {
       $v = new Vericode($id);
       if ($v->getUsername() != fAuthorization::getUserToken() or $v->getVericode() != $vericode) {
-        throw new fValidationException('Invalid verification code.');
+        throw new fValidationException(T('Invalid verification code.'));
       }
       
       $ue = new UserEmail();
@@ -232,12 +232,12 @@ public function checkVericode($id, $vericode)
       $ue->setEmail($v->getEmail());
       $ue->store();
       
-      fMessaging::create('success', 'Your email address is verified successfully.');
+      fMessaging::create('success', T('Your email address is verified successfully.'));
       $referer = fMessaging::retrieve('referer', SITE_BASE . '/email/verify');
       if ($referer == NULL) $referer = SITE_BASE;
       fURL::redirect($referer);
     } catch (fException $e) {
-      fMessaging::create('error', 'Email verification failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
+      fMessaging::create('error', T('Email verification failed: ') . $e->getMessage());
       Util::redirect('/email/verify');
     }
   }
diff --git a/app/helpers/ReportGenerator.php b/app/helpers/ReportGenerator.php
index 2a5f7ee..df6e1e7 100644
--- a/app/helpers/ReportGenerator.php
+++ b/app/helpers/ReportGenerator.php
@@ -76,20 +76,18 @@ private static function prepareReport($records, $problem_ids, $usernames, &$firs
       $score[$row_average][$col_score] = 0;
     }
     else {
+      $totalsum = 0;
       // this is the normal case, calculate average scores
       for ($prob_i = 0; $prob_i < $p_size; $prob_i++) {
         $sum = 0;
         for ($user_i = 0; $user_i < $row_average; $user_i++) {
           $sum += $score[$user_i][$prob_i];
         }
+        $totalsum += $sum;
         $score[$row_average][$prob_i] = round($sum / ($u_size - 1));
       }
       // calculate average total score
-      $sum = 0;
-      for ($user_i = 0; $user_i < $row_average; $user_i++) {
-        $sum += $score[$user_i][$col_score];
-      }
-      $score[$row_average][$col_score] = round($sum / ($u_size - 1));
+      $score[$row_average][$col_score] = round($totalsum / ($u_size - 1));
     }
   }
   
diff --git a/app/models/User.php b/app/models/User.php
index d9bd256..0adeb4f 100644
--- a/app/models/User.php
+++ b/app/models/User.php
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public static function getVerifiedEmail($username=NULL)
     }
     $email = UserEmail::fetch($username);
     if ($email === NULL) {
-      return '点击此处进行邮件验证';
+      return T('Click here to verify your email address.');
     }
     return $email;
   }
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public static function requireEmailVerified()
   {
     if (!fAuthorization::checkLoggedIn()) return;
     if (User::hasEmailVerified()) return;
-    fMessaging::create('warning', 'You are required to verify your email address before doing this action.');
+    fMessaging::create('warning', T('You are required to verify your email address before doing this action.'));
     Util::redirect('/email/verify');
   }
 }
diff --git a/app/translate.php b/app/translate.php
index af0bcaf..04f94bc 100644
--- a/app/translate.php
+++ b/app/translate.php
@@ -30,3 +30,130 @@ function translate($string)
   }
   return $string;
 }
+
+function T($english)
+{
+  $numargs=func_num_args();
+  static $translations = array(
+    'chinese' => array(
+
+    //app/controllers/DashboardController.php
+    'You are not allowed to view the dashboard.' => '你没有进入控制台的权限。',
+    'Problem title is not specified in problem.conf'=>'题目名称在 problem.conf 中没有指出。',
+    'Problem author is not specified in problem.conf'=>'题目作者在 problem.conf 中没有指出。',
+    'Problem case count is not specified in problem.conf'=>'题目数据组数在 problem.conf 中没有指出。',
+    'Problem case score is not specified in problem.conf'=>'题目各组数据分数在 problem.conf 中没有指出。',
+    'Problem time limit is not specified in problem.conf'=>'题目时间限制在 problem.conf 中没有指出。',
+    'Problem memory limit is not specified in problem.conf'=>'题目内存限制在 problem.conf 中没有指出。',
+    'Problem secret-before time is not specified in problem.conf'=>'题目隐藏截止时间在 problem.conf 中没有指出。',
+    'You are not allowed to manage problems.'=>'你没有管理题目的权限。',
+    'All problems refreshed successfully.'=>'所有题目成功刷新。',
+    'You are not allowed to rejudge records.'=>'你没有重判记录的权限。',
+    'Score cannot be negative.'=>'分数不能为负。',
+    'You are not allowed to create reports.'=>'你没有创建比赛的权限。',
+    'Report created successfully.'=>'比赛创建成功。',
+    'You are not allowed to show this report.'=>'你没有显示此比赛的权限。',
+    'You are not allowed to hide this report.'=>'你没有隐藏此比赛的权限。',
+    'You are not allowed to remove this report.'=>'你没有删除此比赛的权限。',
+    'Permission added successfully.'=>'权限添加成功。',
+    'You are not allowed to add permissions.'=>'你没有添加权限的权限。',
+    'Permission removed successfully.'=>'权限删除成功。',
+    'You are not allowed to remove permissions.'=>'你没有删除权限的权限。',
+    'Variable removed successfully.'=>'变量删除成功。',
+    'Variable set successfully.'=>'变量设置成功。',
+    'Data base directory %s does not exist.'=>'数据目录 %s 不存在。',
+    'Problem %s already exists.'=>'题目 %s 已存在。',
+    'Problem directory %s does not exist.'=>'题目目录 %s 不存在。',
+    'Problem configuration file %s does not exist.'=>'题目配置文件 %s 不存在。',
+    'Problem description file %s does not exist.'=>'题目描述文件 %s 不存在。',
+    'Problem %s does not have a data directory at %s.'=>'题目 %s 在 %s 没有数据目录。',
+    'Case input file %s is not found in %s.'=>'数据输入文件 %s 在 %s 没有找到。',
+    'Case output file %s is not found in %s.'=>'数据输出文件 %s 在 %s 没有找到。',
+    'Problem %s showed successfully.'=>'题目 %s 显示成功。',
+    'Problem %s hidden successfully.'=>'题目 %s 隐藏成功。',
+    'Problem %s refreshed successfully.'=>'题目 %s 刷新成功。',
+    'Record %s rejudged.'=>'提交记录 %s 已重判。',
+    'Record %s manually judged.'=>'提交记录 %s 已人工判定。',
+    'Report %s showed successfully.'=>'比赛 %s 已成功显示。',
+    'Report %s hidden successfully.'=>'比赛 %s 已成功隐藏。',
+    'Report %s removed successfully.'=>'比赛 %s 已成功移除。',
+    'The Record requested could not be found'=>'提交记录不存在。',
+    'The Report requested could not be found'=>'比赛不存在。',
+    'The Permission requested could not be found'=>'权限不存在。',
+    'The Variable requested could not be found'=>'变量不存在。',
+
+    //app/controllers/ProblemController.php
+    'Problem is secret now.'=>'题目现在处于隐藏状态。',
+    'The Problem requested could not be found'=>'题目不存在。',
+
+    //app/controllers/RecordController.php
+    'You are not allowed to read this record.'=>'你没有查看此记录的权限。', 
+
+    //app/controllers/ReportController.php
+    'You are not allowed to view this report.'=>'你没有查看此比赛的权限。',
+    'This contest is not registrable.'=>'比赛不可注册。',
+    'Registered successfully.'=>'注册成功。',
+    'Not allowed to ask question.'=>'不允许提问。',
+    'Please choose a category.'=>'请选择一个分类。',
+    'Question too short (minimum 10 bytes).'=>'问题过短 (最少 10 字节)。',
+    'Question too long (maximum 500 bytes).'=>'问题过长 (最大 500 字节)。',
+    'Question saved.'=>'问题已保存。',
+    'Not allowed to answer question.'=>'没有回答问题的权限。',
+    'Question answered.'=>'问题已回答。',
+    'Not allowed to toggle question visibility.'=>'没有更改此问题可见度的权限。',
+    'Visibility toggled.'=>'可见度已更改。',
+    'The Question requested could not be found'=>'问题不存在。',
+
+    //app/controllers/UserController.php
+    'Logged in successfully.'=>'登录成功。',
+    'Password mismatch.'=>'密码错误。',
+    'Username is too short.'=>'用户名过短。',
+    'Username is too long.'=>'用户名过长。',
+    'Password is too short.'=>'密码过短。',
+    'Username is illegal.'=>'用户名包含非法字符。',
+    'User already exists.'=>'用户已存在。',
+    'Registered successfully.'=>'注册成功。',
+    'Logged out successfully.'=>'注销成功。',
+    'Information updated successfully.'=>'信息更新成功。',
+    'Old password is too short.'=>'旧密码过短。',
+    'New password is too short.'=>'新密码过短。',
+    'Repeat password mismatch.'=>'两次输入密码不相同。',
+    'Old password mismatch.'=>'旧密码错误。',
+    'Password updated successfully.'=>'密码更改成功。',
+    'Invalid email address.'=>'邮箱地址无效。',
+    'Invalid verification code.'=>'验证码无效。',
+    'Your email address is verified successfully.'=>'你的邮箱已成功验证。',
+    'Email verification failed: '=>'邮箱验证失败: ',
+    'The User requested could not be found'=>'用户不存在。',
+
+    //app/controllers/SubmitController.php
+    'Code cannot be empty.'=>'代码不能为空。',
+    'Problem is secret now. You are not allowed to submit this problem.'=>'题目现在处于隐藏状态，不能提交此题目。',
+    'Invalid language.'=>'无效语言。',
+	
+    //app/models/User.php
+    'Click here to verify your email address.'=>'点击此处验证你的邮箱地址。',
+    'You are required to verify your email address before doing this action.'=>'请先验证你的邮箱地址。'
+
+
+    )
+  );
+  $language = 'chinese';  // 这里先固定为 chinese，以后会修改成根据用户来决定语言
+  if (isset($translations[$language][$english])) {
+    if($numargs==2){
+    $arg2=func_get_arg(1);
+    $t=$translations[$language][$english];
+    $translation=sprintf("$t",$arg2);
+    return $translation;
+    }
+    if($numargs==3){
+    $arg2=func_get_arg(1);
+    $arg3=func_get_arg(2);
+    $t=$translations[$language][$english];
+    $translation=sprintf("$t",$arg2,$arg3);
+    return $translation;
+    }
+    return $translations[$language][$english];
+  }
+  return $english;
+}
diff --git a/app/views/layout/header.php b/app/views/layout/header.php
index ac685fd..007f219 100644
--- a/app/views/layout/header.php
+++ b/app/views/layout/header.php
@@ -126,24 +126,24 @@
 <?php if (fMessaging::check('warning')): ?>
 <div class="alert">
   <a class="close" data-dismiss="alert">&times;</a>
-  <strong>Warning!</strong> <?php echo fMessaging::retrieve('warning'); ?>
+  <strong>警告!</strong> <?php echo fMessaging::retrieve('warning'); ?>
 </div>
 <?php endif; ?>
 <?php if (fMessaging::check('error')): ?>
 <div class="alert alert-error">
   <a class="close" data-dismiss="alert">&times;</a>
-  <strong>Oh snap!</strong> <?php echo fMessaging::retrieve('error'); ?>
+  <strong>喔唷!</strong> <?php echo fMessaging::retrieve('error'); ?>
 </div>
 <?php endif; ?>
 <?php if (fMessaging::check('success')): ?>
 <div class="alert alert-success">
   <a class="close" data-dismiss="alert">&times;</a>
-  <strong>Well done!</strong> <?php echo fMessaging::retrieve('success'); ?>
+  <strong>很好!</strong> <?php echo fMessaging::retrieve('success'); ?>
 </div>
 <?php endif; ?>
 <?php if (fMessaging::check('info')): ?>
 <div class="alert alert-info">
   <a class="close" data-dismiss="alert">&times;</a>
-  <strong>Heads up!</strong> <?php echo fMessaging::retrieve('info'); ?>
+  <strong>注意!</strong> <?php echo fMessaging::retrieve('info'); ?>
 </div>
 <?php endif; ?>
diff --git a/app/views/problem/show.php b/app/views/problem/show.php
index 03e536b..ad5e92c 100644
--- a/app/views/problem/show.php
+++ b/app/views/problem/show.php
@@ -12,7 +12,12 @@
       <a class="btn btn-primary btn-large" href="<?php echo SITE_BASE; ?>/submit?problem=<?php echo $this->problem->getId(); ?>">提交此题</a>
     </div>
   </aside>
+  <aside class="span3">
+    <div class="well">
+      <a class="btn btn-large" href="<?php echo SITE_BASE; ?>/status?owner=&problem=<?php echo $this->problem->getId(); ?>">提交记录</a>
+    </div>
+  </aside>
 </div>
 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://download.acm-project.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
 <?php
-include(__DIR__ . '/../layout/footer.php');
+include(__DIR__ . '/../layout/footer.php');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/views/report/show.php b/app/views/report/show.php
index ae88dc3..7a7f474 100644
--- a/app/views/report/show.php
+++ b/app/views/report/show.php
@@ -163,7 +163,9 @@
 <?php endif; ?>
 <?php
 $contest_id = $this->report->getId();
-$meta_refresh = Variable::getInteger('status-refresh', 30);
+if ($this->report->getElapsedRatio() < 100) {
+  $meta_refresh = Variable::getInteger('status-refresh', 30);
+}
 if (fAuthorization::checkLoggedIn() and $this->report->isRunning()) {
   $javascripts = array('jquery.tablesorter.min', 'board', 'ts-alert');
 } else {