Multi-Region, Multi-Tenant Infrastructure Setup

This is a sample repository that provides a secure, scalable, and automated multi-region infrastructure setup for a React frontend, Node.js backend, PostgreSQL database, and message queues. The setup also ensures GDPR/CCPA compliance by deploying region-specific resources and isolating data.

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Components

1. React Frontend
   • Built and deployed to AWS S3 or a CDN.
2. Node.js Backend
   • Dockerized and deployed on AWS ECS.
3. PostgreSQL Database
   • Hosted on AWS RDS within private subnets.
4. Networking
   • A secure VPC with private subnets for backend and database communication.
5. CI/CD Pipeline
   • Automated using GitHub Actions for continuous deployment.

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1. Prerequisites

• AWS CLI
• Terraform CLI
• Node.js (>=16.x) and npm
• Docker

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2. Infrastructure Deployment

Step 1: Initialize Terraform

1. Navigate to the terraform/ directory:

   cd terraform
   terraform init

2. Update variables.tf with:

   • Region (region variable)
   • VPC CIDR block (vpc_cidr variable)
   • Database credentials (db_name, db_user, db_password variables).

Step 2: Deploy Resources

Run the following command to deploy the infrastructure:

terraform apply

This deploys:

• VPC with private subnets.
• ECS for the backend.
• RDS PostgreSQL instance.

Step 3: Retrieve Outputs

After deployment, Terraform will output critical details like:

• VPC ID
• Subnet IDs
• ECS cluster name

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3. React Frontend Deployment

Step 1: Build Frontend

1. Navigate to the frontend/ directory:

   cd frontend
   npm install
   npm run build

2. Deploy the build/ folder to an S3 bucket:

   aws s3 sync ./build s3://your-s3-bucket-name

Step 2: Set Up CloudFront (Optional)

If needed, configure a CloudFront distribution to serve the frontend globally.

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4. Node.js Backend Deployment

Step 1: Build Docker Image

1. Navigate to the backend/ directory:

   cd backend
   docker build -t backend-app .

Step 2: Push Docker Image to ECR

1. Authenticate with AWS ECR:

   aws ecr get-login-password --region <region> | docker login --username AWS --password-stdin <account-id>.dkr.ecr.<region>.amazonaws.com

2. Push the image:

   docker tag backend-app:latest <account-id>.dkr.ecr.<region>.amazonaws.com/backend-app:latest
   docker push <account-id>.dkr.ecr.<region>.amazonaws.com/backend-app:latest

Step 3: Update ECS Service

Force an ECS service deployment with the new image:

aws ecs update-service   --cluster your-cluster-name   --service backend-service   --force-new-deployment

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5. CI/CD with GitHub Actions

The repository includes a GitHub Actions workflow (.github/workflows/deploy.yml) for continuous deployment.

Step 1: Configure Secrets

Add the following secrets in your GitHub repository:

• AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
• AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY
• AWS_REGION

Step 2: Trigger Pipeline

Push changes to the main branch to automatically:

• Build and deploy the React frontend to S3.
• Build and deploy the Node.js backend to ECS.

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6. Region-Specific Deployment

For GDPR/CCPA compliance, deploy resources in specific regions:

1. Use Terraform workspaces to manage multiple environments:

   terraform workspace new eu-region
   terraform apply

2. Ensure region is updated to the desired AWS region (e.g., eu-west-1).

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7. Privacy and Security

1. Data Residency:

   • Ensure all resources (RDS, S3, ECS) are created in the same region.
   • Enforce IAM policies to restrict cross-region access.

2. Encryption:

   • Use AWS KMS to encrypt RDS, S3, and other sensitive data.

3. Monitoring:

   • Use CloudWatch to monitor logs and metrics.
   • Configure alerts for resource utilization thresholds.

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8. Directory Structure

multi-region-tenant-setup/
├── terraform/
│   ├── main.tf
│   ├── variables.tf
│   ├── modules/
│   │   ├── vpc/
│   │   ├── ecs/
│   │   └── rds/
├── frontend/
│   ├── src/
│   ├── public/
│   ├── package.json
│   └── build/
├── backend/
│   ├── app.js
│   ├── package.json
│   └── Dockerfile
└── .github/
    └── workflows/
        └── deploy.yml

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