added collision detection between primitives like circle, rectangle e…

[Riyarajput053]

…tc in physics

Describe your change:

The collision detection algorithm implemented in [collision_detection.py] is designed to detect collisions between basic geometric primitives: circles and rectangles. It includes methods for detecting collisions between two circles, two rectangles, and a circle with a rectangle.

1. Circle-Circle Collision
   This method checks if two circles overlap by calculating the distance between their centers and comparing it to the sum of their radii.

2. Rectangle-Rectangle Collision
   This method checks if two axis-aligned rectangles overlap by comparing their edges.

3. Circle-Rectangle Collision
   This method checks if a circle overlaps with a rectangle by finding the closest point on the rectangle to the circle's center and checking if the distance to this point is less than the circle's radius.

Fixes: #12569

• Add an algorithm?
• Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
• Add or change doctests? -- Note: Please avoid changing both code and tests in a single pull request.
• Documentation change?

Checklist:

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
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• All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
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• If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the description above includes the issue number(s) with a closing keyword: "Fixes #ISSUE-NUMBER".

[mindaugl]

This does not seem to work, e.g. rect1 = (x = 0, y = 0, width = 5, height = 2), rect2 = (x = 1, y = 10, width = 5, height = 2), would return collision.
Would make sense to add tests and do in 3 dimensions or name it 2D.