Finished TicTacToe

.gitignore

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ test/version_tmp
 tmp
 *.*~
 *~
+notes
 
 # YARD artifacts
 .yardoc

mid_term/questions.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 Instructions for Mid-Term submission and Git Review (10pts):
+
  - Create a git repository for your answers
  - Add and Commit as you work through the questions and programming problems
  - Your git log should reflect your work, don't just commit after you have finished working
@@ -8,8 +9,7 @@ Instructions for Mid-Term submission and Git Review (10pts):
  - Add a remote to your git repository: git@nird.us:RubyFall2012/YOURREPOSITORYNAME.git
  - Push your changes to the remote
  - After 6pm Tuesday November 13th you will not be able to push to your remote repository (or clone).
-
- Questions (20pts):
+Questions (20pts):
  - What are the three uses of the curly brackets {} in Ruby?
  1. String interpolation: "#{1+1}"
  2. Hash instantiation: {:key => "value"}
@@ -36,19 +36,18 @@ If I had data which I wanted to reference by meta-data instead of by order I wou
 .map
 
 - What is your least favorite thing about Ruby so far?
-nil.object_id => 4
-
  Programming Problems (10pts each):
- - Write a passing rspec file called even_number_spec.rb that tests a class called EvenNumber.
-    - The EvenNumber class should:
+- Write a passing rspec file called even_number_spec.rb that tests a class called EvenNumber.
+- The EvenNumber class should:
        - Only allow even numbers
-       - Get the next even number
+       -Get the next even number
        - Compare even numbers
        - Generate a range of even numbers
+
 - Make the rspec tests in wish_list_spec.rb pass by writing a WishList class
-   - The WishList class should:
-      - Mixin Enumerable
-      - Define each so it returns wishes as strings with their index as part of the string
+- The WishList class should:
+- Mixin Enumerable
+- Define each so it returns wishes as strings with their index as part of the string
 
 Mid-Term Spec (50pts):
 - Make the tests pass.

week1/exercises/roster.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 name, email, github, twitter, hipchat
+
+
 Brian Ward, brianmatthewward@gmail.com, brianward, mrbrianward, brianmatthewward@gmail.com
 Renee D, renee@nird.us, reneedv, @gigglegirl4e, renee.devoursney@gmail.com
 Yan Li, leeyeon0307@gmail.com, YanLi0307, nil, leeyeon0307@gmail.com
@@ -31,3 +33,4 @@ Price Hardman, PriceHardman@gmail.com, PriceHardman
 Will Sugg, sugg.will@gmail.com, wsugg, , sugg.will@gmail.com
 Nicole Lewis, lewis.nicole@gmail.com, nelewis, nil, lewis.nicole@gmail.com
 Sol Wagner, capnsol@gmail.com, Soladin, n/a, capnsol@gmail.com
+

week1/exercises/rspec_spec.rb

@@ -90,6 +90,5 @@
 	it "should check basic spelling" do
 		"Field".should include('ie')
 	end
-  end
 
 end

week1/homework/questions.txt

@@ -3,22 +3,22 @@ Chapter 3 Classes, Objects, and Variables
 p.90-94 Strings
 
 1. What is an object?
-An object is a representation in memory of a specific concept or thing that the Ruby interpreter knows about. 
+=> An object is an abstract data structure combined with functionality (in the form of methods) that allows the data structure to interact and be interacted with. 
 
 2. What is a variable?
-A variable is a name for a location in memory. It can contain, or point to, any type of object.
+=> A variable is a named location in memory whose value can be changed. In Ruby, a variable is named reference to an object.
 
 3. What is the difference between an object and a class?
-An object is an instance of a class, or a specific thing of that class's type in memory. The class is the specifics that are common to all things of that type. The classification of a concept or a thing is a class. A specific thing or concept of a class's type in memory is an object. For example: All books have titles (Class). This book's title is "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" (Object). 
+=> Classes are essentially templates for objects. All of the attributes and properties of an object are determined by the class of which it is an instance. The difference between classes and objects is that a class defines the form and functionality of an object, while an object (or class instance) is an entity that actually posseses the form and functionality described in the  class.
 
 4. What is a String?
-A string is how Ruby understands text. It is a collection of characters (Bytes), and can be created by making an instance of the String class (String.new) or as a string literal ("",'', %Q[]).
+=> A string is a sequence of characters, usually in the form of readable text. In Ruby, string objects are instances of the String class.
 
 5. What are three messages that I can send to a string object? Hint: think methods
-chomp! - removes newline characters, or the specified characters, from the end of a string
-strip! - removes leading or trailing whitespace from a string
-split  - returns an array of strings made up of the original string separated on whitespace or the specified characters or regexp
+=> a) .length ## returns the length of the string
+   b) .empty? ## returns true if the string is of length 0, else false.
+   c) .index("<char>") ## if the character <char> is in the string, returns the index, else nil.
 
 6. What are two ways of defining a String literal? Bonus: What is the difference between the two?
-Single quotes ex: '' and Double quotes ex: "". The single qoutes allow for 2 escape characters: \' and \\ . The double qouted string literal allows for many different escaped special characters (like \n is a line break) and allows for string interpolation, or the injection of evaluated Ruby code into the string ex: "Hello #{my_name}". The single qouted string takes up much less memory than a doulbe qouted string with interpolation. Without interpolation, both are about the same.
+=> The two ways of creating string literals are enclosing the desired text in either double or single quotes. The difference between the two is the amount of processing Ruby does on the string. With double quotes, more processing is done, such as expression interpolation (e.g. #{name}) and interpreting control characters  (e.g. In, "Hello, \nWorld!" \n forces a line break). String literals created with single quotes are treated essentially as-is. For instance, a newline character placed in a string in single quotes would literally be treated as a backslash and an n, rather than forcing a line break.
 

week1/homework/strings_and_rspec_spec.rb

@@ -13,13 +13,19 @@
 			@my_string = "Renée is a fun teacher. Ruby is a really cool programming language"
 		end
 		it "should be able to count the charaters" do
+			result = @my_string.length
+			result.should eq 66
+
 			@my_string.should have(@my_string.size).characters
 		end
 		it "should be able to split on the . charater" do
 			result = @my_string.split('.')
 			result.should have(2).items	
 		end
 		it "should be able to give the encoding of the string" do
+
+			result = @my_string.encoding
+			result.should eq (Encoding.find("UTF-8"))
 			@my_string.encoding.should eq (Encoding.find("UTF-8"))
 		end
 	end

week2/exercises/book.rb

@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
 class Book
 
+<<<<<<< HEAD
+	attr_reader :title, :pageCount
+
+	def initialize(title, pageCount = "Not Given")
+		@title = title
+		@pageCount = pageCount
+=======
 	attr_accessor :title, :pages
 
 	def initialize(title, pages)
@@ -9,5 +16,6 @@ def initialize(title, pages)
 
 	def page_count
 		"Page count is #{@pages}"
+>>>>>>> 476e4b543ee68aad8bb809afdfe2207afd39e8e5
 	end
 end

week2/exercises/mad_libs.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,19 @@
-puts "Please enter a noun"
-noun = gets.chomp
 puts "Please enter an adjective"
 adjective = gets.chomp
+<<<<<<< HEAD
+puts "Please enter a plural noun"
+plural_noun = gets.chomp
+puts "Please enter a present-tense action verb"
+verb = gets.chomp
+puts "Please enter another present-tense action verb"
+another_verb = gets.chomp
+story = "Twas #{adjective}, and the slythy #{plural_noun}
+Did #{verb} and #{another_verb} in the wabe:"
+=======
 puts "Please enter a past tense action verb"
 verb_past_tense = gets.chomp
 puts "What does the #{noun} say?"
 says = gets.chomp
 story = "The #{adjective} #{noun} #{verb_past_tense} past the graveyard and says #{says}"
+>>>>>>> 476e4b543ee68aad8bb809afdfe2207afd39e8e5
 puts story

week2/homework/questions.txt

@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@ Containers, Blocks, and Iterators
 Sharing Functionality: Inheritance, Modules, and Mixins
 
 1. What is the difference between a Hash and an Array?
-An array is an ordered list of items that are referenced by their index (order), a hash is a collection of items that can be referenced by a key and have no order.
+A hash is a non-ordered collection of objects, indexed via a key value that need not (and usually is not) an integer. An array on the other hand is a numerally-indexed collection.
 
 2. When would you use an Array over a Hash and vice versa?
-When the items have an inherent order I would use an array, when I want to reference the items in my collection by a name or key and their order does not matter I would use a hash.
+Collections requiring some sort of order are ideal for being placed into an array, whereas a hash is best for collections whose members are referenced by a category (e.g. name: Price Hardman).
 
 3. What is a module? Enumerable is a built in Ruby module, what is it?
-A module is a way to group code that you can use across multiple classes. Enumerable is a Ruby module that provides collection functionality; iteration, searching, and sorting. It requires an implementation of the each method.
+A module is code intended to be used by many classes. Modules have many advantages including namespaces, which can keep large programs from getting messy/buggy with regard to variable and method names. Enumerable is a module that provides the ability to traverse and manipulate collections.
 
 4. Can you inherit more than one thing in Ruby? How could you get around this problem?
-No, multiple inheritance is not allowed in Ruby. You can include multiple modules if you wanted to mix-in different functionality into your code. Code that is related with a hierarchical nature should be subclassed (inherited). A class can only have 1 direct parent, but can have lots of ancestors.
+Ruby only supports single inheritance. The workaround to this is using modules (of which you can include multiple in a class).
 
 5. What is the difference between a Module and a Class?
-A class can be instantiated into an object, a module cannot. A module is code that can be used across many classes.
+A module defines a namespace in which classes, methods, and constants can be defined. Whereas classes define functionality that can be inherited from parent classes and passed down to child classes, modules define functionality that can included across classes.

week2/homework/simon_says.rb

@@ -8,15 +8,14 @@ def shout(st)
 	end
 
 	def first_word(st)
-		st.split.first
+		st.split(' ')[0]
 	end
 
 	def start_of_word(st,i)
-		st[0...i]
+		st.slice!(0..i-1)
 	end
 
 	def repeat(st, t=2)
-		return "Go Away!" if t==0
-		([st]*t).join(' ')
+		(st+" ")*(t-1)+st  # or could use Array join method.
 	end
 end

week3/homework/calculator.rb

@@ -1,24 +1,18 @@
 class Calculator
-	def sum(array)
-		array.inject(0){|sum, x| sum +x}
+	def sum(input)
+		input.empty? ? 0 : input.inject(:+) #if input is empty array, return 0, else sum the elements
 	end
 
-	def multiply(*numbers)
-		puts numbers.inspect
-		numbers.flatten.inject(:*)
+<<<<<<< HEAD
+	def product(*input) #takes multiple arguments, as an array
+		input.length > 1 ? input.inject(:*) : input[0].inject(:*)
 	end
 
-	def pow(base, p)
-		#(1...p).to_a.inject(base){|r,v| r *= base}
-		pow_fac(base, p)
+	def power(base, power)
+		base**power
 	end
 
-	def fac(n)
-	       #(1..n).to_a.inject(1){|f,v| f *= v}
-	       pow_fac(n)
+	def factorial(n)
+		n == 0 ? 1 :  (n==1 ? 1 : n*factorial(n-1) ) #recursive definition, takes into account zero case using nested ternary
 	end
-private
-	def pow_fac(base=nil, p)
-		(1..p).to_a.inject(1){|f,v| f *= base || v}
-	end	
 end

week3/homework/calculator_spec.rb

@@ -26,20 +26,15 @@
 
   # Once the above tests pass, 
   # write tests and code for the following:
-  describe "#multiply" do
-  	it "multiplies two numbers" do
-		@calculator.multiply(2,2).should eq 4
-	end
-
-  	it "multiplies an array of numbers" do
-		@calculator.multiply([2,2]).should eq 4
-  	end
-  end
 
+  it "multiplies two numbers" do
+      @calculator.product(3,2).should == 6
+    end
+  it "multiplies an array of numbers" do
+    @calculator.product([3,2,1]).should == 6
+    end
   it "raises one number to the power of another number" do
-  	p = 1
-	32.times{ p *= 2 } 
-	@calculator.pow(2,32).should eq p 
+    @calculator.power(3,2).should == 9
   end
 
   # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorial
@@ -62,7 +57,6 @@
     it "computes the factorial of 10" do
     	@calculator.fac(10).should eq 3628800
     end
-
   end
 
 end

week3/homework/questions.txt

@@ -5,24 +5,23 @@ Please Read:
  - Chapter 22 The Ruby Language: basic types (symbols), variables and constants
 
 1. What is a symbol?
-A symbol is a static name or identifier.
+=>A symbol is a constant defined by a name following a colon, e.g. :north. The advantage of doing this as opposed to defining a variable is that the value of a symbol is assigned and handled internally by Ruby, leading to greater simplicity and performance. All the user has to do is declare a symbol with a memorable name.
 
 2. What is the difference between a symbol and a string?
-A string is a collection of characters whereas a symbol is a static identifier. A string is not static no matter what the contents of the string are. So the strings "hello" and "hello" are two different ojects, whereas the symbol :hello and :hello are the exact same object. If you think of 1 as a FixNum or fixed number, you can think of the symbol :hello as the "FixStr" or fixed string :hello.
+=>A symbol is a unique numerical value (handled by Ruby under the surface) that is referenced with a string name. A symbol is not an instance of the string class, and thereby has no access to all the methods of String. A symbol can be turned into a string with to_s though.
 
 3. What is a block and how do I call a block?
-A block is an anonymous function, or some code snipt that you can define and then call at a later time. To call a block you can use the yield keyword.
+=> A block is a snippet of code -- enclosed either in braces or do..end -- that is called immediately after the invocation of a method and is used to generalize the functionality of that method. For instance,
+array1 = []
+def double(input)
+	yield(input*2)
+end
+double(3) {|x| puts "The method output is #{x}"}  #prints "The method output is 6".
+double(three) {|x| array1 << x} #places output threethree into array1.
+Thus, while the functionality of the method double is the same (it simply multiplies its input by 2, according to the defintion of the * operator for the input's class), the block allows that output to be implemented in a wide variety of ways. Blocks are also very convenient for iterating over collections.
 
 4. How do I pass a block to a method? What is the method signature?
-To pass a block to a method you define the block after the method call with either the curly bracket enclosure {} or the do/end syntax. An example of passing a block to the each method of an array:
-
-my_array.each {|a| puts a}
-
-Any method in Ruby can take a block. You can explicitly add a block to a method by putting an ampersand & before the variable name in the method definition. An example of this would be:
-
-def my_method(&my_block)
-	my_block.call
-end
+=> A block is passed to a method either by using "yield" in the method definition (see previous answer), or as a parameter itself with a leading ampersand (e.g. def method(input, &block) ).
 
 5. Where would you use regular expressions?
-Regular expressions are used for pattern matching and replacement with strings. An example would be if I wanted to write a syntax checker for some text that checked if each sentance ended with a period, started with a space and then a capital letter. 
+=> Regular expressions are used for parsing strings in powerful and more robust ways than simpler string manipulation techniques allow. One of the many instances in which one could use regular expressions is in processing data read from a file, which would get read by IO as a string.

week4/homework/questions.txt

@@ -3,7 +3,18 @@ Chapter 10 Basic Input and Output
 The Rake Gem: http://rake.rubyforge.org/
 
 1. How does Ruby read files?
+=> Ruby has an IO object that handles input and output, of which File is a child object. A file can be read by instantiating a File object and passing the filename as a parameter, then using a variety of methods and iterators to process the data as desired.
+
 2. How would you output "Hello World!" to a file called my_output.txt?
+=> File.open('this\is\the\path\to\my_output.txt',"w") do |file|
+	file.print "Hello, world!"
+end
+
 3. What is the Directory class and what is it used for?
+=> The Directory -- or Dir -- class gives a powerful way to navigate and manipulate directories and the contents thereof. It can be used in any situation where it would be useful to change or write to specific directories.
+
 4. What is an IO object?
+=> An IO object is a Ruby object that provides a convenient and safe interface for doing input and output in a variety of contexts, most commonly standard IO and files. File is a child class of IO.
+
 5. What is rake and what is it used for? What is a rake task?
+=> Rake is a gem that provides an environment for managing file dependencies and buidling multi-file projects. It features the functionality of make, but uses Ruby syntax. The operations and functions a user can perform with rake is contained in rake tasks, which are essentially scripts.

week7/homework/features/step_definitions/pirate.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,24 @@
+<<<<<<< HEAD
+class PirateTranslator
+
+	def initialize
+		@translation_buffer = ""
+	end
+
+	def get_input(input)
+		@translation_buffer = input
+	end
+
+	def translate
+		case @translation
+		when 'Hello Friend'
+			output = 'Ahoy Matey'
+		else
+			output = 'Avast!'
+		end
+		output+'Shiber Me Timbers You Scurvey Dogs!!'
+	end
+=======
 class PirateTranslator
 	PIRATE_WORDS = {
 		"Hello Friend" => "Ahoy Matey"
@@ -14,4 +35,5 @@ def translate
 	def lookup_pirate(str)
 		PIRATE_WORDS[str]
 	end
+>>>>>>> 49855ef72d67870e69889977eb388f8994bc02f9
 end

week7/homework/features/step_definitions/pirate_steps.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,24 @@
+<<<<<<< HEAD
+Gangway /^I have a PirateTranslator$/ do
+  @translator = PirateTranslator.new
+end
+
+Blimey /^I say 'Hello Friend'$/ do
+  @translator.get_input('Hello Friend')
+end
+
+Blimey /^I hit translate$/ do
+  @translator.translate
+end
+
+Letgoandhaul /^it prints out 'Ahoy Matey'$/ do
+  @translator.translate.include?('Ahoy Matey')
+end
+
+Letgoandhaul /^it also prints 'Shiber Me Timbers You Scurvey Dogs!!'$/ do
+  @translator.translate.include?('Shiber Me Timbers You Scurvey Dogs!!')
+end
+=======
 Gangway /^I have a (\w+)$/ do |arg|
 	@translator = Kernel.const_get(arg).new
 end
@@ -17,3 +38,4 @@
 Letgoandhaul /^it also prints '(.+)'$/ do |arg|
 	@result.split("\n ").last.should == arg
 end
+>>>>>>> 49855ef72d67870e69889977eb388f8994bc02f9