Bech32 Encoder/Decoder for Cardano

This library provides a pure PHP implementation of a Bech32 Encoder/Decoder tailored for use with the Cardano blockchain. It allows developers to seamlessly encode and decode Bech32 strings, which are widely used in Cardano addresses and other blockchain-related data.

Features

• Pure PHP Implementation: No external dependencies, making it lightweight and easy to integrate.
• Cardano-Specific: Designed to meet the encoding and decoding requirements of the Cardano blockchain.
• Simple API: Intuitive methods for both encoding and decoding.

Installation

To install the library, use Composer:

composer require cardano-php/bech32

Alternatively, you can download the source code and include it manually in your project:

require_once 'path/to/Bech32.php';

Usage

Encoding

use PhpCardano\Bech32\Bech32;

// Set up our data to be encoded and our human readable part (HRP)
$data = 'does-the-php-dev';
$hrp = 'cardanophp';
echo 'HRP: ' . $hrp . "\n" . ' Data: ' . $data . "\n";

// Hex-encode our data payload
$hexdata = bin2hex($data);
echo 'Hex Data: ' . $hexdata . "\n";

// Convert our hex-encoded payload to a 5-bit "byte" array
$bitdata = Bech32::hexToByteArray($hexdata);

// Bech32 encode the HRP + 5-bit data payload
$encoded = Bech32::encode($hrp, $bitdata);
echo 'Encoded: ' . $encoded . "\n";

Expected Output:

HRP: cardanophp
Data: does-the-php-dev
Hex Data: 646f65732d7468652d7068702d646576
Encoded: cardanophp1v3hk2uedw35x2ttsdpcz6er9wcjv4g3u

Decoding

use PhpCardano\Bech32\Bech32;

$bech32 = 'cardanophp1v3hk2uedw35x2ttsdpcz6er9wcjv4g3u'; // Your Bech32 string

// Decode returns the human readable part (HRP) and the data payload in a 5-bit array
[$hrp, $bitData] = Bech32::decode($bech32);

// Convert the 5-bit data back to a hex string
$hexData = Bech32::byteArrayToHex($data);

echo 'HRP: ' . $hrp . "\n";
echo 'Hex Data: ' . $hexData . "\n";

// Convert (if needed) from hex back to binary/ASCII

$plainData = hex2bin($hexData);

echo 'Data Payload: ' . $plainData . "\n";

Expected Output

HRP: cardanophp
Hex Data: 646f65732d7468652d7068702d646576
Data Payload: does-the-php-dev

Decoding a Cardano Address

Example PHP Code:

/**
* JPG v2 Staked Public Contract
**/

use CardanoPhp\Bech32\Bech32;

$bech32String = 'addr1qxegfu8m62peqmyamrdwmwqm00zjcak3u25xnanfdct4p9pf488uagw68fv50kjxv3wrx38829tay6zszthnccsradgqwt4upy';
$result = Bech32::decodeCardanoAddress($bech32String);
echo "Result:\n".json_encode($result, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT)."\n";

Output:

Result:
{
    "address": "addr1xxgx3far7qygq0k6epa0zcvcvrevmn0ypsnfsue94nsn3tfvjel5h55fgjcxgchp830r7h2l5msrlpt8262r3nvr8eks2utwdd",
    "addressType": 3,
    "networkId": 1,
    "paymentHash": "9068a7a3f008803edac87af1619860f2cdcde40c26987325ace138ad",
    "stakingHash": "2c967f4bd28944b06462e13c5e3f5d5fa6e03f8567569438cd833e6d",
    "stakeAddress": "stake17ykfvl6t62y5fvryvtsnch3lt406dcpls4n4d9pcekpnumg6v83tq"
}

Encoding Cardano Address

Example PHP Code:

/**
* JPG v2 Staked Public Contract
**/

use CardanoPhp\Bech32\Bech32;

$addressType = 3;                                                          // Script Hash + Script Hash
$networkId = 1;                                                            // Cardano Mainnet
$paymentHash = '9068a7a3f008803edac87af1619860f2cdcde40c26987325ace138ad'; // Payment Validator
$stakeHash = '2c967f4bd28944b06462e13c5e3f5d5fa6e03f8567569438cd833e6d';   // Stake Validator

$address = Bech32::encodeCardanoAddress($addressType, $networkId, $paymentHash, $stakeHash);
echo "Result:\n" . json_encode($address, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT) . "\n";

Result:
{
    "address": "addr1xxgx3far7qygq0k6epa0zcvcvrevmn0ypsnfsue94nsn3tfvjel5h55fgjcxgchp830r7h2l5msrlpt8262r3nvr8eks2utwdd",
    "addressType": 3,
    "networkId": 1,
    "paymentHash": "9068a7a3f008803edac87af1619860f2cdcde40c26987325ace138ad",
    "stakeHash": "2c967f4bd28944b06462e13c5e3f5d5fa6e03f8567569438cd833e6d",
    "stakeAddress": "stake17ykfvl6t62y5fvryvtsnch3lt406dcpls4n4d9pcekpnumg6v83tq"
}

Error Handling

Ensure to handle potential exceptions when decoding invalid Bech32 strings:

try {
    [$hrp, $data] = Bech32::decode($bech32);
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo "Decoding failed: " . $e->getMessage();
}

Requirements

• PHP 8.2 or later

Tests

Run the tests to ensure the library works as expected:

composer test

Note: This will also generate code coverage reports that can be viewed in the ./coverage folder.

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Feel free to fork the repository and submit a pull request. Ensure to include tests for any new features or bug fixes.

License

This project is licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. See the LICENSE file for details.

Acknowledgments

This library was inspired by the Bech32 implementation originally by Bit-Wasp Bech32 Implementation and Cardano CIP-0019.