chore(sdk): bump baseimage to debian:trixie-20251229-slim

[endersonmaia]

This pull request updates the base images used for building the SDK in the docker-bake.hcl configuration. The changes ensure the build uses the latest available versions of the Debian and Postgres images, which improves security and stability.

Base image updates:

• Updated the CARTESI_BASE_IMAGE to use a newer Debian Trixie slim image (trixie-20251229-slim) with a new SHA256 digest for improved security and compatibility.
• Updated the POSTGRES_BASE_IMAGE to a newer version of the Postgres 17 Trixie image with an updated SHA256 digest for enhanced reliability.

[changeset-bot]

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Latest commit: 81d61f6

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