Closed (Source) Core	Open (Source )Core
Company examples	Facebook / Salesforce / Oracle / Twilio	Liferay / Red Hat / Elastic / GitLab
Business models	Many, often advertising, SaaS, cloud, etc.	Many, often cloud serivces, value-added IP, insurance
Capitalism	Shareholder-Oriented, Value-Capture Focused	Stakeholder-Oriented, Value-Creation Focused
Category	"SaaS" / "Cloud"	COSS
Distribution	Costly, Permissioned	Free, Permissionless
Funding/Capitalization	Largely Capital Intensive	Highly Capital Efficient
GTM/Sales	Top-Down-First (mostly), Community Exploitative	Bottoms-Up-First, Community Nurturing
Hiring	Geo-Concentrated / Office-First	Geo-Distributed / Remote-First
Innovation Strategy	Ivory Tower	Often Disaggregated
Primary Output	Distribution (1-to-N)	Technology (0-to-1)
Software Licensing	Fully Closed Core and Partially Open-Source Crust	Open Source Core, Proprietary (not necesarrily Closed-Source) Crust
Patents	Usually covered by a patent portfolio	Rarely covered by a patent portfolio
Market dynamics	Macro, Vulnerable, Push	Micro, Secular, Pull
Marketing	User = Lead, Funnel Modeling	User != Lead, Ecosystem Modeling
Innovation	Zero Sum, Trends towards homogeneity	Positive Sum, Trends towards heterogeneity
Product development	Single Roadmaps	Dual/Multi Roadmaps
R&D	Always Centralized	Often decentralized at least in part
Tech/Company Relationship	Core software/tech tightly coupled to company	Core software/tech loosely (if at all) coupled to company