Atom

A lightweight PHP framework that implements the MVC pattern.

Please read more about the Request Lifecycle.

Features

MVC architecture with single entry point
Fluent query builder with MySQL support
Route-based middleware with priority ordering
Dependency injection container
Input validation with 15 built-in rules
JWT-based and session-based authentication
View rendering and template composition
File storage abstraction
Signed URLs with expiration
CSV, Image, and Log file handling

Installation

composer require cuongnd88/atom

Requirements: PHP >= 7.0

Quick Start

Create your entry point public/index.php:

require __DIR__ . '/../vendor/autoload.php';

use Atom\Http\Server;

try {
    $server = new Server(['env']);
    $server->handle();
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo $e->getMessage();
}

The Server constructor accepts an array of config file names to load. The env file (e.g., config/env.ini) is loaded to set environment variables.

Application Constants

Define these constants in your bootstrap to configure directory paths:

define('CONFIG_PATH', __DIR__ . '/../config/');
define('ROUTE_PATH', __DIR__ . '/../routes/');
define('CONTROLLER_PATH', __DIR__ . '/../app/Controllers/');
define('MIDDLEWARE_PATH', __DIR__ . '/../app/Middlewares/');
define('VIEW_PATH', __DIR__ . '/../resources/views/');
define('STORAGE_PATH', __DIR__ . '/../storage/');
define('RESOURCES_PATH', __DIR__ . '/../resources/');
define('ASSETS_PATH', __DIR__ . '/assets/');
define('DOC_ROOT', __DIR__ . '/');

Directory Structure

├── config/
│   ├── env.ini           # Environment variables
│   ├── app.php           # Application config
│   ├── middleware.php     # Middleware config
│   └── templates.php     # Template config
├── routes/
│   ├── web.php           # Web routes
│   └── api.php           # API routes
├── app/
│   ├── Controllers/
│   ├── Middlewares/
│   └── Models/
├── resources/
│   └── views/
├── storage/
└── public/
    └── index.php         # Entry point

Routing

Routes are defined as PHP arrays in routes/web.php and routes/api.php.

// routes/web.php
return [
    'users' => [
        'get' => 'UserController@index',
        'middleware' => ['auth'],
    ],
    'users/{id}' => [
        'get' => 'UserController@show',
        'post' => 'UserController@update',
    ],
    'login' => [
        'get' => 'AuthController@showLogin',
        'post' => 'AuthController@login',
    ],
];

Dynamic parameters use {param} syntax and are automatically extracted and injected into the Request object.

Supported HTTP methods: GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE

API routes are automatically detected when the URI contains api or the Content-Type header is application/json.

Middleware

Configuration

Define middleware in config/middleware.php:

return [
    'routeMiddlewares' => [
        'auth' => 'AuthMiddleware',
        'admin' => 'AdminMiddleware',
    ],
    'priorityMiddlewares' => [
        'auth',
        'admin',
    ],
];

Creating Middleware

Place middleware files in your MIDDLEWARE_PATH directory. Each middleware must implement a handle() method:

class AuthMiddleware
{
    public function handle()
    {
        // Return false to stop request processing
        if (!isset($_SESSION['user'])) {
            return false;
        }
    }
}

Attaching Middleware to Routes

'dashboard' => [
    'get' => 'DashboardController@index',
    'middleware' => ['auth', 'admin'],
],

Middlewares are sorted by priority and executed in order before the controller action.

Controllers

Controllers are loaded from the CONTROLLER_PATH directory. Method parameters are automatically resolved via the service container.

use Atom\Http\Request;
use Atom\Http\Response;
use Atom\Validation\Validator;

class UserController
{
    use Validator;

    public function index(Request $request)
    {
        $users = (new User)->get();
        view('users.index', ['users' => $users]);
    }

    public function show(Request $request)
    {
        $id = $request->id;
        $user = (new User)->find($id);
        view('users.show', ['user' => $user]);
    }

    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        static::execute($request->all(), [
            'email' => 'required|email',
            'name' => 'required|string',
        ]);

        if ($errors = static::errors()) {
            return Response::toJson(['errors' => $errors], 422);
        }

        $user = (new User)->create($request->all());
        return Response::toJson($user->toArray(), 201);
    }
}

Request

The Request class collects parameters from URI, query string, POST data, file uploads, and JSON body automatically.

public function update(Request $request)
{
    // Access parameters as properties
    $name = $request->name;

    // Or as array
    $email = $request['email'];

    // Get all parameters
    $all = $request->all();

    // Get HTTP headers
    $headers = $request->headers();
    $contentType = $request->headers('Content-Type');

    // Access HTTP method and URI
    $method = $request->method;  // GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE
    $uri = $request->uri;
}

Response

use Atom\Http\Response;

// JSON response
Response::toJson(['status' => 'ok']);
Response::toJson(['error' => 'Not Found'], 404);

// Redirect
Response::redirect('/dashboard');
Response::redirect('/users', ['message' => 'Created!']);

// Set HTTP response code
Response::responseCode(204);

Database / Query Builder

Database credentials are loaded from environment variables: DB_CONNECTION, DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASSWORD, DB_NAME, DB_PORT.

Basic Queries

use Atom\Db\Database;

$db = new Database();

// Select all
$users = $db->table('users')->get();

// Select specific columns
$users = $db->table('users')->select(['name', 'email'])->get();

// First record
$user = $db->table('users')->where(['id', 1])->first();

// With limit and offset
$users = $db->table('users')->limit(10)->offset(20)->get();

Where Conditions

// Equality
$db->table('users')->where(['status', 'active'])->get();

// With operator
$db->table('users')->where(['age', '>', 18])->get();

// Multiple conditions (AND)
$db->table('users')->where([
    ['status', 'active'],
    ['age', '>', 18],
])->get();

// OR condition
$db->table('users')->where(['status', 'active'])->orWhere(['role', 'admin'])->get();

// WHERE IN
$db->table('users')->whereIn('id', [1, 2, 3])->get();

// WHERE NOT IN
$db->table('users')->whereNotIn('status', ['banned', 'inactive'])->get();

// WHERE BETWEEN
$db->table('users')->whereBetween('age', [18, 65])->get();

// WHERE NOT BETWEEN
$db->table('users')->whereNotBetween('score', [0, 50])->get();

// WHERE NULL / NOT NULL
$db->table('users')->whereNull('deleted_at')->get();
$db->table('users')->whereNotNull('email_verified_at')->get();

Use the # prefix on a key to reference a raw column name (no quoting):

$db->table('users')->where(['#age', '>', 25])->get();

Joins

$db->table('users')
    ->innerJoin('orders', 'users.id', 'orders.user_id')
    ->get();

$db->table('users')
    ->leftJoin('profiles', 'users.id', 'profiles.user_id')
    ->get();

$db->table('users')
    ->rightJoin('departments', 'users.dept_id', 'departments.id')
    ->get();

Grouping & Ordering

$db->table('orders')
    ->select(['#user_id', '#COUNT(*) as total'])
    ->groupBy('user_id')
    ->having('#total', '>', 5)
    ->orderBy('total', 'DESC')
    ->get();

Insert

// Single insert (returns last insert ID)
$id = $db->table('users')->insert([
    'name' => 'John',
    'email' => 'john@example.com',
]);

// Bulk insert (requires setFillable)
$db->table('users')->setFillable(['name', 'email'])->insertMany([
    ['name' => 'John', 'email' => 'john@example.com'],
    ['name' => 'Jane', 'email' => 'jane@example.com'],
]);

// Insert or update on duplicate key
$db->table('users')->insertDuplicate([
    'id' => 1,
    'name' => 'John Updated',
    'email' => 'john@example.com',
]);

Update & Delete

// Update
$db->table('users')->where(['id', 1])->update(['name' => 'John Doe']);

// Delete
$db->table('users')->where(['id', 1])->delete();

// Truncate
$db->table('logs')->truncate();

Chunking

Process large result sets in chunks:

$db->table('users')->chunk(100, function ($users, $page) {
    foreach ($users as $user) {
        // Process each user
    }
    // Return false to stop chunking
});

Transactions

$db = new Database();
$db->beginTransaction();
try {
    $db->table('accounts')->where(['id', 1])->update(['balance' => 500]);
    $db->table('accounts')->where(['id', 2])->update(['balance' => 1500]);
    $db->commit();
} catch (Exception $e) {
    $db->rollBack();
}

Query Logging

$db = new Database();
$db->enableQueryLog();

$db->table('users')->get();
$db->table('orders')->where(['status', 'pending'])->get();

$queries = $db->getQueryLog(); // Array of executed SQL strings

Mass Assignment Protection

$db->table('users')->setFillable(['name', 'email'])->insert($request->all());

Only name and email columns will be inserted; any other keys in the input are ignored.

Models

Create models by extending the abstract Model class:

use Atom\Models\Model;

class User extends Model
{
    protected $table = 'users';
    protected $fillable = ['name', 'email', 'password'];
}

CRUD Operations

$user = new User;

// Find by ID (returns model instance)
$user = $user->find(1);

// Find multiple by IDs (returns array)
$users = $user->find([1, 2, 3]);

// Create (inserts and returns model with ID)
$user = $user->create([
    'name' => 'John',
    'email' => 'john@example.com',
]);

// Save (insert or update on duplicate key)
$user->save();

// Destroy by ID
$user->destroy(1);

// Destroy multiple
$user->destroy([1, 2, 3]);

// Convert to array
$data = $user->toArray();

Models inherit all query builder methods:

$activeUsers = (new User)->where(['status', 'active'])->orderBy('name', 'ASC')->get();

Validation

Use the Validator trait in your controllers:

use Atom\Validation\Validator;

class UserController
{
    use Validator;

    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        static::execute($request->all(), [
            'name' => 'required|string',
            'email' => 'required|email',
            'age' => 'required|integer|between:18,100',
            'role' => 'in_array:admin,editor,viewer',
            'avatar' => 'image',
        ]);

        $errors = static::errors();
        if (!empty($errors)) {
            return Response::toJson(['errors' => $errors], 422);
        }

        // Validation passed
    }
}

Custom Error Messages

static::execute($input, $rules, [
    'required' => 'The %s field is required.',
    'email' => 'The %s must be a valid email.',
    'between' => 'The %s must be between %s and %s.',
    'integer' => 'The %s must be an integer.',
    'string' => 'The %s must be a string.',
    'in_array' => 'The %s has an invalid value.',
    'max' => 'The %s must not exceed %s.',
    'min' => 'The %s must be at least %s.',
    'array' => 'The %s must be an array.',
    'date' => 'The %s must be a valid date.',
    'image' => 'The %s must be an image.',
    'after' => 'The %s must be after %s.',
    'before' => 'The %s must be before %s.',
    'required_if' => 'The %s is required.',
    'date_format' => 'The %s must match the format %s.',
]);

Available Rules

Rule	Description	Example
`required`	Must not be empty	`'required'`
`string`	Must be a string	`'string'`
`integer`	Must be an integer	`'integer'`
`email`	Must be a valid email	`'email'`
`array`	Must be an array	`'array'`
`date`	Must be a valid date	`'date'`
`date_format`	Must match date format	`'date_format:Y-m-d'`
`image`	Must be an image (jpeg, png, bmp, gif, svg)	`'image'`
`between`	Must be between min and max	`'between:1,100'`
`min`	Must be >= value	`'min:18'`
`max`	Must be <= value	`'max:200'`
`in_array`	Must be one of the listed values	`'in_array:a,b,c'`
`after`	Date must be after given date	`'after:2024-01-01'`
`before`	Date must be before given date	`'before:2025-12-31'`
`required_if`	Required if another field is present	`'required_if:role,admin'`

Rules are combined with |: 'required|email|string'

Authentication

Use the Auth trait for session-based and JWT authentication.

Configuration

In config/app.php:

return [
    'auth' => [
        'guard' => 'email,password',   // Guard fields (comma-separated)
        'table' => 'users',            // Users table
        'response' => [
            'success' => '/dashboard', // Redirect on success (empty for JSON token)
            'fail' => '/login',        // Redirect on failure
        ],
    ],
];

Set APP_KEY and SESSION_LIFETIME (in minutes) in your env.ini.

Usage

use Atom\Guard\Auth;

class AuthController
{
    use Auth;

    public function login(Request $request)
    {
        // Authenticates and redirects or returns JWT token
        static::login([
            'email' => $request->email,
            'password' => $request->password,
        ]);
    }

    public function dashboard()
    {
        // Verify authentication (redirects to fail URL if invalid)
        static::check();

        // Get current user
        $user = static::user();

        view('dashboard', ['user' => $user]);
    }
}

API Authentication

When app.auth.response.success is empty, login() returns a JSON response with the JWT token:

{"Token": "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9..."}

The token can be sent in the Authorization header for subsequent requests.

Views & Templates

Simple Views

Views are PHP files located in VIEW_PATH. Use dot notation to reference subdirectories:

// Renders resources/views/users/index.php
view('users.index', ['users' => $users]);

Inside view files, the data array is extracted into variables:

<!-- resources/views/users/index.php -->
<?php foreach ($users as $user): ?>
    <p><?= $user['name'] ?></p>
<?php endforeach; ?>

Templates

Templates allow composing multiple view files into a layout. Define templates in config/templates.php:

return [
    'admin' => [
        'template' => [
            'layouts.header',
            null,               // Placeholder for dynamic content
            'layouts.footer',
        ],
    ],
];

Use the template() helper to render:

// Fills the null placeholder with 'users.list' and renders all parts
template('admin', 'users.list', ['users' => $users]);

Storage

Local Storage

use Atom\Storage\StorageFactory;

$storage = (new StorageFactory('local'))->init();

// Upload file
$storage->upload('avatars', $request->files['photo']);

// Get full path
$path = $storage->getFullUrl('avatars');

// Delete file
$storage->remove('avatars/photo.jpg');

Configure storage drivers in config/app.php:

'storage' => [
    'local' => [
        'path' => '/path/to/storage/',
    ],
],

Signed URLs

Generate URLs with HMAC signatures and optional expiration:

use Atom\Http\Url;

$url = new Url();

// Permanent signed URL
$signedUrl = $url->signedUrl('/verify-email', ['user' => 42]);

// Temporary signed URL (expires in 3600 seconds)
$tempUrl = $url->temporarySignedUrl('/reset-password', 3600, ['token' => 'abc']);

// Verify signature
$valid = $url->identifySignature(); // Returns true/false

File Handling

CSV

use Atom\File\CSV;

$csv = new CSV();

// Read CSV to array
$data = $csv->toArray($file, ['name', 'email', 'age']);

// Save and download CSV
$csv->save('export.csv', $data, true); // true = include header row

Image

use Atom\File\Image;

$image = new Image();

// Upload image
$image->upload('avatars', $request->files['photo']);

// Upload and resize
$image->uploadResize('thumbnails', $request->files['photo'], [200, 200]);

// Get EXIF metadata
$metadata = $image->getMetadata($request->files['photo']);

// Delete image
$image->delete('avatars/photo.jpg');

Logging

use Atom\File\Log;

$log = new Log();

$log->error('Something went wrong');
$log->info('User logged in');
$log->debug('Variable value: ' . $value);

Service Container

The container automatically resolves type-hinted dependencies in controller methods:

use Atom\Container\Container;

$container = new Container();

// Register a binding
$container->set('App\Services\MailService');

// Resolve with automatic dependency injection
$service = $container->get('App\Services\MailService');

In controller methods, dependencies are auto-injected:

class OrderController
{
    public function index(Request $request, PaymentService $payment)
    {
        // Both $request and $payment are automatically resolved
    }
}

Helpers

Function	Description
`config('app.key')`	Load config value using dot notation
`route('web.users')`	Load route definition
`env('DB_HOST')`	Get environment variable
`view('users.index', $data)`	Render a view file
`template('layout', 'page', $data)`	Render a template
`url('/path')`	Get full URL
`back()`	Redirect to previous page
`now()`	Current timestamp (`Y-m-d H:i:s`)
`today()`	Current date (`Y-m-d`)
`json($data)`	Convert to JSON
`isApi()`	Check if request is API
`storage_path('uploads')`	Get storage directory path
`resources_path('views')`	Get resources directory path
`public_path('images')`	Get public directory path
`assets('/css/app.css')`	Get asset URL
`getHeaders()`	Get all HTTP request headers
`imageLocation($file)`	Extract GPS coordinates from image EXIF

Example Project

For a full implementation example, see the EzyCrazy project built with Atom.

License

MIT

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 78 Commits
docs		docs
src		src
test		test
.gitignore		.gitignore
LICENSE		LICENSE
README.md		README.md
composer.json		composer.json
phpunit.xml		phpunit.xml

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Atom

Table of Contents

Features

Installation

Quick Start

Application Constants

Directory Structure

Routing

Middleware

Configuration

Creating Middleware

Attaching Middleware to Routes

Controllers

Request

Response

Database / Query Builder

Basic Queries

Where Conditions

Joins

Grouping & Ordering

Insert

Update & Delete

Chunking

Transactions

Query Logging

Mass Assignment Protection

Models

CRUD Operations

Validation

Custom Error Messages

Available Rules

Authentication

Configuration

Usage

API Authentication

Views & Templates

Simple Views

Templates

Storage

Local Storage

Signed URLs

File Handling

CSV

Image

Logging

Service Container

Helpers

Example Project

License

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