Skip to content

Feature/lab5: Add lab5 submission with both tasks completed #7

New issue

Have a question about this project? Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community.

Sign up for GitHub

By clicking “Sign up for GitHub”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy statement. We’ll occasionally send you account related emails.

Already on GitHub? Sign in to your account

Open
ivaniinno wants to merge 4 commits into
base: main
Choose a base branch
from
Open

Feature/lab5: Add lab5 submission with both tasks completed #7

Changes from all commits
Commits
Show all changes
4 commits
Select commit Hold shift + click to select a range
9299f6b
Merge upstream changes: Add week 3 lecture and lab materials
ivaniinno Sep 19, 2025
545e712
Merge branch 'main' of https://github.com/ivaniinno/F25-DevOps-Intro
ivaniinno Sep 26, 2025
913719f
Merge remote changes from origin/main
ivaniinno Oct 3, 2025
7ea3a4c
docs: add lab5 submission
ivaniinno Oct 3, 2025
File filter

Filter by extension

Filter by extension
Conversations
Failed to load comments.
Loading
Jump to
Jump to file
Failed to load files.
Loading
Diff view
Diff view
389 changes: 389 additions & 0 deletions labs/submission5.md
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
# Lab 5 — Virtualization & System Analysis

## Task 1 - VirtualBox Installation

### Host System Information

- Host OS: macOS Sequoia 15.6.1
- Architecture: Apple Silicon M4 Pro
- VirtualBox Version: 7.2.2 r170484

### Installation Issues

- No installation issues were met


## Task 2 - Ubuntu VM and System Analysis

### 2.1: Creating Ubuntu VM

- ISO file `ubuntu-24.04.3-desktop-arm64.iso`
- Created VM with minimal setup: 4GB RAM, 2 CPU cores, 25GB Disk
- Installation: Default installation process completed successfully

### 2.2: System Information Discovery

#### CPU Details
**Tool Discovered**: lscpu, cat /proc/cpuinfo

```bash
> lscpu
Architecture: aarch64
CPU op-mode(s): 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 2
On-line CPU(s) list: 0,1
Vendor ID: Apple
Model name: -
Model: 0
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per cluster: 2
Socket(s): -
Cluster(s): 1
Stepping: 0x0
BogoMIPS: 48.00
Flags: fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics
fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm jscvt fcma lrcpc dcpop
sha3 asimddp sha512 asimdfhm dit uscat ilrcpc flagm
sb paca pacg dcpodp flagm2 frint bf16 afp
NUMA:
NUMA node(s): 1
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0,1
Vulnerabilities:
Gather data sampling: Not affected
Ghostwrite: Not affected
Indirect target selection: Not affected
Itlb multihit: Not affected
L1tf: Not affected
Mds: Not affected
Meltdown: Not affected
Mmio stale data: Not affected
Reg file data sampling: Not affected
Retbleed: Not affected
Spec rstack overflow: Not affected
Spec store bypass: Vulnerable
Spectre v1: Mitigation; __user pointer sanitization
Spectre v2: Mitigation; CSV2, but not BHB
Srbds: Not affected
Tsx async abort: Not affected
```

```bash
> cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
BogoMIPS : 48.00
Features : fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm jscvt fcma lrcpc dcpop sha3 asimddp sha512 asimdfhm dit uscat ilrcpc flagm sb paca pacg dcpodp flagm2 frint bf16 afp
CPU implementer : 0x61
CPU architecture: 8
CPU variant : 0x0
CPU part : 0x000
CPU revision : 0

processor : 1
BogoMIPS : 48.00
Features : fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm jscvt fcma lrcpc dcpop sha3 asimddp sha512 asimdfhm dit uscat ilrcpc flagm sb paca pacg dcpodp flagm2 frint bf16 afp
CPU implementer : 0x61
CPU architecture: 8
CPU variant : 0x0
CPU part : 0x000
CPU revision : 0
```

**Output Analysis**:
- **Architecture**: ARM64 (Apple Silicon) with 2 CPU cores, confirming the VM is running on Apple M4 Pro host
- **CPU Features**: Comprehensive ARM64 instruction set including AES, SHA, and advanced security features
- **Virtualization**: Running with 2 cores allocated from host system
- **Security**: Multiple vulnerability mitigations present (Spectre v1/v2, etc.)
- **Performance**: BogoMIPS indicates baseline performance measurement capability



#### Memory Information

**Tool Discovered**: free -h, cat /proc/meminfo

```bash
>free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3.8Gi 1.5Gi 490Mi 58Mi 1.7Gi 2.3Gi
Swap: 0B 0B 0B
```

```bash
> cat/proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 3991328 kB
MemFree: 557712 kB
MemAvailable: 2439312 kB
Buffers: 75112 kB
Cached: 1709448 kB
SwapCached: 0 kB
Active: 2121760 kB
Inactive: 997156 kB
Active(anon): 1140096 kB
Inactive(anon): 0 kB
Active(file): 981664 kB
Inactive(file): 997156 kB
Unevictable: 16 kB
Mlocked: 16 kB
SwapTotal: 0 kB
SwapFree: 0 kB
Zswap: 0 kB
Zswapped: 0 kB
Dirty: 10476 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 1334428 kB
Mapped: 524220 kB
Shmem: 59896 kB
KReclaimable: 58064 kB
Slab: 169032 kB
SReclaimable: 58064 kB
SUnreclaim: 110968 kB
KernelStack: 12000 kB
ShadowCallStack: 3008 kB
PageTables: 28340 kB
SecPageTables: 0 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 1995664 kB
Committed_AS: 6189400 kB
VmallocTotal: 135288315904 kB
VmallocUsed: 28248 kB
VmallocChunk: 0 kB
Percpu: 1168 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 0 kB
ShmemHugePages: 0 kB
ShmemPmdMapped: 0 kB
FileHugePages: 0 kB
FilePmdMapped: 0 kB
CmaTotal: 32768 kB
CmaFree: 29888 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
Hugetlb: 0 kB
```

**Output Analysis**:
- **Total Memory**: 3.8GB allocated to VM (matches 4GB configuration)
- **Memory Usage**: 1.5GB used, 2.3GB available (healthy memory utilization)
- **Swap**: No swap configured (0B), indicating sufficient physical memory
- **Memory Management**: Active caching (1.7GB buffer/cache) showing efficient memory utilization



#### Network Configuration

**Tool Discovered**: ip addr, ifconfig, ss, ip route

```bash
>ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:7c:39:8d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s8
valid_lft 85407sec preferred_lft 85407sec
inet6 fd17:625c:f037:2:2112:6657:161:d5b0/64 scope global temporary dynamic
valid_lft 86126sec preferred_lft 14126sec
inet6 fd17:625c:f037:2:a00:27ff:fe7c:398d/64 scope global dynamic mngtmpaddr
valid_lft 86126sec preferred_lft 14126sec
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe7c:398d/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
```

```bash
> ifconfig
enp0s8: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 10.0.2.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.2.255
inet6 fd17:625c:f037:2:2112:6657:161:d5b0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global>
inet6 fd17:625c:f037:2:a00:27ff:fe7c:398d prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global>
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe7c:398d prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:7c:39:8d txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 45044 bytes 58203312 (58.2 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 15541 bytes 1608481 (1.6 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 1767 bytes 161209 (161.2 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1767 bytes 161209 (161.2 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
```

```bash
> ss
...
u_str ESTAB 0 0 @6196f830105ba0fa/bus/systemd-logind/system 10580 * 10583
u_str ESTAB 0 0 @ea379752957e5589/bus/systemd/bus-api-system 10452 * 9124
u_str ESTAB 0 0 @f3908ff3ff91b55/bus/systemd-timesyn/bus-api-timesync 10171 * 9113
u_str ESTAB 0 0 @879dbedbca483b83/bus/systemd-resolve/bus-api-resolve 10172 * 9114
u_str ESTAB 0 0 @2fc4d82a249a9584/bus/systemd/bus-api-user 15136 * 15523
udp ESTAB 0 0 10.0.2.15%enp0s8:bootpc 10.0.2.2:bootps
tcp ESTAB 0 0 10.0.2.15:44752 149.154.167.99:https
tcp ESTAB 0 0 10.0.2.15:44764 149.154.167.99:https
tcp ESTAB 0 0 10.0.2.15:33032 34.107.243.93:https
```

```bash
> ip route
default via 10.0.2.2 dev enp0s8 proto dhcp src 10.0.2.15 metric 100
10.0.2.0/24 dev enp0s8 proto kernel scope link src 10.0.2.15 metric 100
```

**Output Analysis**:
- **Network Interface**: enp0s8 (VirtualBox default network adapter)
- **IP Configuration**: 10.0.2.15/24 (VirtualBox NAT network)
- **Gateway**: 10.0.2.2 (VirtualBox NAT gateway)
- **IPv6**: Dual-stack configuration with both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
- **Connectivity**: Active connections to external services (149.154.167.99 - likely Telegram)



#### Storage Information

**Tool Discovered**: df -h, lsblk, fdisk -v

```bash
> df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs 390M 1.5M 389M 1% /run
/dev/sda2 24G 5.5G 17G 25% /
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 8.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
efivarfs 256K 11K 246K 4% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
/dev/sda1 1.1G 6.4M 1.1G 1% /boot/efi
tmpfs 390M 124K 390M 1% /run/user/1000
```

```bash
> lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop0 7:0 0 4K 1 loop /snap/bare/5
loop1 7:1 0 68.9M 1 loop /snap/core22/2049
loop2 7:2 0 230.5M 1 loop /snap/firefox/6563
loop3 7:3 0 493.5M 1 loop /snap/gnome-42-2204/201
loop4 7:4 0 91.7M 1 loop /snap/gtk-common-themes/1535
loop5 7:5 0 10M 1 loop /snap/snap-store/1271
loop6 7:6 0 42.9M 1 loop /snap/snapd/24787
loop7 7:7 0 552K 1 loop /snap/snapd-desktop-integration/316
sda 8:0 0 25G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot/efi
└─sda2 8:2 0 23.9G 0 part /
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
```

```bash
> fdisk -v
fdisk from util-linux 2.39.3
```

**Output Analysis**:
- **Disk Configuration**: 25GB virtual disk (sda) with EFI boot partition (1GB) and root partition (23.9GB)
- **Disk Usage**: 5.5GB used out of 24GB (25% utilization) - healthy for fresh installation
- **Filesystem**: Standard Linux filesystem with EFI boot support
- **Snap Packages**: Multiple snap packages (Firefox, GNOME, etc.) indicating modern Ubuntu installation


#### Operating System

**Tool Discovered**: uname, uname -a, hostnamectl, cat /etc/os-release

```bash
> uname
Linux
```

```bash
> uname -a
Linux DevOpsLab5 6.14.0-33-generic #33~24.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Fri Sep 19 16:19:58 UTC 2 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux
```

```bash
> hostnamectl
Static hostname: DevOpsLab5
Icon name: computer
Machine ID: e8431955a2c14dd0904278237c69c7b9
Boot ID: 22cf3cdb99204d6ca4a545426d22c5f4
Operating System: Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS
Kernel: Linux 6.14.0-33-generic
Architecture: arm64
```

```bash
> cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="24.04"
VERSION="24.04.3 LTS (Noble Numbat)"
VERSION_CODENAME=noble
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=noble
LOGO=ubuntu-logo
```

**Output Analysis**:
- **Operating System**: Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS (Noble Numbat) - latest point release
- **Kernel**: Linux 6.14.0-33-generic (modern kernel with PREEMPT_DYNAMIC)
- **Architecture**: ARM64 (aarch64) confirming Apple Silicon support
- **Hostname**: DevOpsLab5 (custom hostname set during installation)
- **System Type**: LTS (Long Term Support) version with extended support

#### Virtualization Detection

**Tool Discovered**: systemd-detect-virt, sudo lshw -class system

```bash
> systemd-detect-virt
none
```

```bash
> sudo lshw -class system
[sudo] password for vboxuser:
devopslab5
description: Computer
width: 64 bits
capabilities: smp cp15_barrier swp tagged_addr_disabled
*-pnp00:00
product: PnP device PNP0c02
physical id: a
capabilities: pnp
configuration: driver=system
```

**Output Analysis**:
- **Virtualization Detection**: `systemd-detect-virt` returned "none" - this is expected for VirtualBox VMs
- **Hardware Abstraction**: VirtualBox successfully abstracts hardware, making detection challenging
- **System Architecture**: 64-bit ARM system with proper hardware abstraction


#### Reflection on Tool Usefulness

**Most Useful Tools**:

1. **lscpu**: Most comprehensive CPU information in a clean, organized format - Provides architecture, cores, features, and security information

2. **hostnamectl**: Comprehensive system information - Shows OS version, kernel, architecture

3. **df -h**: Essential disk usage information - Human-readable disk space usage and critical for storage monitoring

4. **free -h**: Best for quick memory overview - Human-readable format (GB, MB) and shows total, used, available memory at a glance

5. **ip addr show**: Modern network interface information - Shows all network interfaces with detailed configuration