R-Hydrological-Analysis

R-based hydrological analysis of the Savinja River catchment (Veliko Širje station), covering data preparation, basic analysis, low-flow and flood frequency analysis, and hydrological modeling using precipitation, discharge, and evapotranspiration data (2010-2022).

Project Overview

The aim of this project is to perform a comprehensive hydrological analysis of the Savinja River catchment, utilizing historical data to evaluate various hydrological processes and trends.

Key Analysis Tasks:

1. Data Preparation:

   • Import and clean data for discharge, precipitation (from five stations), evapotranspiration, and air temperature.
   • Handle missing precipitation data using data from other stations.

2. Basic Hydrological Analysis:

   • Calculate descriptive statistics for discharge, precipitation, evapotranspiration, and air temperature.
   • Plot graphs for these variables over the whole study period and for the year 2022.
   • Calculate correlations between precipitation stations and plot correlograms.
   • Calculate water balance and runoff coefficient for individual years (2010-2022).
   • Calculate yearly ratio between evapotranspiration and average catchment precipitation.

3. Low-Flow and Trend Analysis:

   • Perform low-flow analysis using the lfstat package and baseflow separation.
   • Plot flow duration curves and calculate key low-flow indexes (BFI, MAM, Q95, Q90).
   • Conduct Mann-Kendall test for trend analysis of discharge, precipitation, air temperature, and evapotranspiration.

4. Flood Frequency Analysis:

   • Conduct flood frequency analysis using daily discharge data and peak discharge data.
   • Fit flood frequency distribution models and plot results.
   • Calculate confidence intervals using parametric bootstrap methods.

5. Multivariate Flood Frequency Analysis:

   • Analyze relationships between discharge, volume, and hydrograph duration using copula functions.
   • Calculate multivariate return periods (e.g., 10, 50, 100, and 500 years).

6. Spatial Data Analysis:

   • Generate stream networks and catchment boundaries using digital terrain models.
   • Calculate terrain statistics and create catchment hypsometric curves.
   • Analyze land-use data using the CLC Corine map.

7. Hydrological Modeling:

   • Calibrate and validate hydrological models (GR4J, CemaNeige GR6J, and TUWIEN models).
   • Compare model performance and simulate future scenarios.

8. Stochastic Climate Simulation:

   • Fit stochastic models for precipitation and temperature simulation.
   • Simulate future climate scenarios and use these simulations in hydrological models.

9. IDF and Huff Curves:

   • Calculate IDF curves and define Huff curves for rainfall duration events.
   • Define a 100-year design storm event and use it in hydrological models.

10. MODIS and ERA5 Data Analysis:

    • Download and analyze MODIS snow cover and ERA5 climate data for the catchment.
    • Compare remote sensing data with gauge-based observations.