[WIP] Rethink how we capture expectation conditions and their subexpressions.

Package.swift

@@ -166,6 +166,13 @@ let package = Package(
       path: "Tests/_MemorySafeTestingTests",
       swiftSettings: .packageSettings + [.strictMemorySafety()]
     ),
+    .testTarget(
+      name: "SubexpressionShowcase",
+      dependencies: [
+        "Testing",
+      ],
+      swiftSettings: .packageSettings
+    ),
 
     .macro(
       name: "TestingMacros",
@@ -358,6 +365,7 @@ extension Array where Element == PackageDescription.SwiftSetting {
 
     result += [
       .enableUpcomingFeature("ExistentialAny"),
+      .enableExperimentalFeature("NonescapableTypes"),
 
       .enableExperimentalFeature("AccessLevelOnImport"),
       .enableUpcomingFeature("InternalImportsByDefault"),

Sources/Testing/ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedExpectation.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+//
+// This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2025 Apple Inc. and the Swift project authors
+// Licensed under Apache License v2.0 with Runtime Library Exception
+//
+// See https://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
+// See https://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for Swift project authors
+//
+
+extension ABI {
+  /// A type implementing the JSON encoding of ``Expectation`` for the ABI entry
+  /// point and event stream output.
+  ///
+  /// This type is not part of the public interface of the testing library. It
+  /// assists in converting values to JSON; clients that consume this JSON are
+  /// expected to write their own decoders.
+  ///
+  /// - Warning: Expectations are not yet part of the JSON schema.
+  struct EncodedExpectation<V>: Sendable where V: ABI.Version {
+    /// The expression evaluated by this expectation.
+    ///
+    /// - Warning: Expressions are not yet part of the JSON schema.
+    var _expression: EncodedExpression<V>
+
+    init(encoding expectation: borrowing Expectation, in eventContext: borrowing Event.Context) {
+      _expression = EncodedExpression<V>(encoding: expectation.evaluatedExpression, in: eventContext)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// MARK: - Codable
+
+extension ABI.EncodedExpectation: Codable {}

Sources/Testing/ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedExpression.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+//
+// This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2025 Apple Inc. and the Swift project authors
+// Licensed under Apache License v2.0 with Runtime Library Exception
+//
+// See https://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
+// See https://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for Swift project authors
+//
+
+extension ABI {
+  /// A type implementing the JSON encoding of ``Expression`` for the ABI entry
+  /// point and event stream output.
+  ///
+  /// This type is not part of the public interface of the testing library. It
+  /// assists in converting values to JSON; clients that consume this JSON are
+  /// expected to write their own decoders.
+  ///
+  /// - Warning: Expressions are not yet part of the JSON schema.
+  struct EncodedExpression<V>: Sendable where V: ABI.Version {
+    /// The source code of the original captured expression.
+    var sourceCode: String
+
+    /// A string representation of the runtime value of this expression.
+    ///
+    /// If the runtime value of this expression has not been evaluated, the
+    /// value of this property is `nil`.
+    var runtimeValue: String?
+
+    /// The fully-qualified name of the type of value represented by
+    /// `runtimeValue`, or `nil` if that value has not been captured.
+    var runtimeTypeName: String?
+
+    /// Any child expressions within this expression.
+    var children: [EncodedExpression]?
+
+    init(encoding expression: borrowing __Expression, in eventContext: borrowing Event.Context) {
+      sourceCode = expression.sourceCode
+      runtimeValue = expression.runtimeValue.map(String.init(describingForTest:))
+      runtimeTypeName = expression.runtimeValue.map(\.typeInfo.fullyQualifiedName)
+      if !expression.subexpressions.isEmpty {
+        children = expression.subexpressions.map { [eventContext = copy eventContext] subexpression in
+          Self(encoding: subexpression, in: eventContext)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// MARK: - Codable
+
+extension ABI.EncodedExpression: Codable {}

Sources/Testing/ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedIssue.swift

@@ -58,6 +58,11 @@ extension ABI {
     /// - Warning: Errors are not yet part of the JSON schema.
     var _error: EncodedError<V>?
 
+    /// The expectation associated with this issue, if applicable.
+    ///
+    /// - Warning: Expectations are not yet part of the JSON schema.
+    var _expectation: EncodedExpectation<V>?
+
     init(encoding issue: borrowing Issue, in eventContext: borrowing Event.Context) {
       // >= v0
       isKnown = issue.isKnown
@@ -81,6 +86,9 @@ extension ABI {
           _error = EncodedError(encoding: error, in: eventContext)
         }
       }
+      if case let .expectationFailed(expectation) = issue.kind {
+        _expectation = EncodedExpectation(encoding: expectation, in: eventContext)
+      }
     }
   }
 }

Sources/Testing/ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedMessage.swift

@@ -64,11 +64,19 @@ extension ABI {
     /// The symbol associated with this message.
     var symbol: Symbol
 
+    /// How much to indent this message when presenting it.
+    ///
+    /// - Warning: This property is not yet part of the JSON schema.
+    var _indentation: Int?
+
     /// The human-readable, unformatted text associated with this message.
     var text: String
 
     init(encoding message: borrowing Event.HumanReadableOutputRecorder.Message) {
       symbol = Symbol(encoding: message.symbol ?? .default)
+      if message.indentation > 0 {
+        _indentation = message.indentation
+      }
       text = message.conciseStringValue ?? message.stringValue
     }
   }

Sources/Testing/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ add_library(Testing
   ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedBacktrace.swift
   ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedError.swift
   ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedEvent.swift
+  ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedExpectation.swift
+  ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedExpression.swift
   ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedInstant.swift
   ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedIssue.swift
   ABI/Encoded/ABI.EncodedMessage.swift
@@ -47,6 +49,8 @@ add_library(Testing
   Expectations/Expectation.swift
   Expectations/Expectation+Macro.swift
   Expectations/ExpectationChecking+Macro.swift
+  Expectations/ExpectationContext.swift
+  Expectations/ExpectationContext+Pointers.swift
   Issues/Confirmation.swift
   Issues/ErrorSnapshot.swift
   Issues/Issue.swift
@@ -69,7 +73,7 @@ add_library(Testing
   SourceAttribution/Backtrace+Symbolication.swift
   SourceAttribution/CustomTestStringConvertible.swift
   SourceAttribution/Expression.swift
-  SourceAttribution/Expression+Macro.swift
+  SourceAttribution/ExpressionID.swift
   SourceAttribution/SourceContext.swift
   SourceAttribution/SourceLocation.swift
   SourceAttribution/SourceLocation+Macro.swift

Sources/Testing/Events/Recorder/Event.ConsoleOutputRecorder.swift

@@ -129,6 +129,22 @@ private let _ansiEscapeCodePrefix = "\u{001B}["
 private let _resetANSIEscapeCode = "\(_ansiEscapeCodePrefix)0m"
 
 extension Event.Symbol {
+  /// Get the string value to use for a message with no associated symbol.
+  ///
+  /// - Parameters:
+  ///   - options: Options to use when writing the symbol.
+  ///
+  /// - Returns: A string representation of "no symbol" appropriate for writing
+  ///   to a stream.
+  fileprivate static func placeholderStringValue(options: Event.ConsoleOutputRecorder.Options) -> String {
+#if os(macOS) || (os(iOS) && targetEnvironment(macCatalyst))
+    if options.useSFSymbols {
+      return "  "
+    }
+#endif
+    return " "
+  }
+
   /// Get the string value for this symbol with the given write options.
   ///
   /// - Parameters:
@@ -171,7 +187,7 @@ extension Event.Symbol {
       case .attachment:
         return "\(_ansiEscapeCodePrefix)94m\(symbolCharacter)\(_resetANSIEscapeCode)"
       case .details:
-        return symbolCharacter
+        return "\(symbolCharacter)"
       }
     }
     return "\(symbolCharacter)"
@@ -305,18 +321,12 @@ extension Event.ConsoleOutputRecorder {
   /// - Returns: Whether any output was produced and written to this instance's
   ///   destination.
   @discardableResult public func record(_ event: borrowing Event, in context: borrowing Event.Context) -> Bool {
-    let messages = _humanReadableOutputRecorder.record(event, in: context)
-
-    // Padding to use in place of a symbol for messages that don't have one.
-    var padding = " "
-#if os(macOS) || (os(iOS) && targetEnvironment(macCatalyst))
-    if options.useSFSymbols {
-      padding = "  "
-    }
-#endif
+    let symbolPlaceholder = Event.Symbol.placeholderStringValue(options: options)
 
+    let messages = _humanReadableOutputRecorder.record(event, in: context)
     let lines = messages.lazy.map { [test = context.test] message in
-      let symbol = message.symbol?.stringValue(options: options) ?? padding
+      let symbol = message.symbol?.stringValue(options: options) ?? symbolPlaceholder
+      let indentation = String(repeating: "  ", count: message.indentation)
 
       if case .details = message.symbol {
         // Special-case the detail symbol to apply grey to the entire line of
@@ -325,17 +335,17 @@ extension Event.ConsoleOutputRecorder {
         // to the indentation provided by the symbol.
         var lines = message.stringValue.split(omittingEmptySubsequences: false, whereSeparator: \.isNewline)
         lines = CollectionOfOne(lines[0]) + lines.dropFirst().map { line in
-          "\(padding) \(line)"
+          "\(indentation)\(symbolPlaceholder) \(line)"
         }
         let stringValue = lines.joined(separator: "\n")
         if options.useANSIEscapeCodes, options.ansiColorBitDepth > 1 {
-          return "\(_ansiEscapeCodePrefix)90m\(symbol) \(stringValue)\(_resetANSIEscapeCode)\n"
+          return "\(_ansiEscapeCodePrefix)90m\(symbol) \(indentation)\(stringValue)\(_resetANSIEscapeCode)\n"
         } else {
-          return "\(symbol) \(stringValue)\n"
+          return "\(symbol) \(indentation)\(stringValue)\n"
         }
       } else {
         let colorDots = test.map { self.colorDots(for: $0.tags) } ?? ""
-        return "\(symbol) \(colorDots)\(message.stringValue)\n"
+        return "\(symbol) \(indentation)\(colorDots)\(message.stringValue)\n"
       }
     }
 

Sources/Testing/Events/Recorder/Event.HumanReadableOutputRecorder.swift

@@ -25,6 +25,15 @@ extension Event {
       /// The symbol associated with this message, if any.
       var symbol: Symbol?
 
+      /// How much to indent this message when presenting it.
+      ///
+      /// The way in which this additional indentation is rendered is
+      /// implementation-defined. Typically, the greater the value of this
+      /// property, the more whitespace characters are inserted.
+      ///
+      /// Rendering of indentation is optional.
+      var indentation = 0
+
       /// The human-readable message.
       var stringValue: String
 
@@ -496,20 +505,18 @@ extension Event.HumanReadableOutputRecorder {
         additionalMessages.append(_formattedComment(knownIssueComment))
       }
 
-      if verbosity > 0, case let .expectationFailed(expectation) = issue.kind {
+      if verbosity >= 0, case let .expectationFailed(expectation) = issue.kind {
         let expression = expectation.evaluatedExpression
-        func addMessage(about expression: __Expression) {
-          let description = expression.expandedDebugDescription()
-          additionalMessages.append(Message(symbol: .details, stringValue: description))
-        }
-        let subexpressions = expression.subexpressions
-        if subexpressions.isEmpty {
-          addMessage(about: expression)
-        } else {
-          for subexpression in subexpressions {
-            addMessage(about: subexpression)
+        func addMessage(about expression: __Expression, depth: Int) {
+          let description = expression.expandedDescription(verbose: verbosity > 0)
+          if description != expression.sourceCode {
+            additionalMessages.append(Message(symbol: .details, indentation: depth, stringValue: description))
+          }
+          for subexpression in expression.subexpressions {
+            addMessage(about: subexpression, depth: depth + 1)
           }
         }
+        addMessage(about: expression, depth: 0)
       }
 
       let atSourceLocation = issue.sourceLocation.map { " at \($0)" } ?? ""

Sources/Testing/ExitTests/ExitTest.swift

@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ func callExitTest(
   encodingCapturedValues capturedValues: [ExitTest.CapturedValue],
   processExitsWith expectedExitCondition: ExitTest.Condition,
   observing observedValues: [any PartialKeyPath<ExitTest.Result> & Sendable],
-  expression: __Expression,
+  sourceCode: @escaping @autoclosure @Sendable () -> [__ExpressionID: String],
   comments: @autoclosure () -> [Comment],
   isRequired: Bool,
   isolation: isolated (any Actor)? = #isolation,
@@ -520,11 +520,14 @@ func callExitTest(
   }
 
   // Plumb the exit test's result through the general expectation machinery.
-  let expression = __Expression(String(describingForTest: expectedExitCondition))
-  return __checkValue(
+  let expectationContext = __ExpectationContext(
+    sourceCode: [.root: String(describingForTest: expectedExitCondition)],
+    runtimeValues: [.root: { Expression.Value(reflecting: result.exitStatus) }]
+  )
+  return check(
     expectedExitCondition.isApproximatelyEqual(to: result.exitStatus),
-    expression: expression,
-    expressionWithCapturedRuntimeValues: expression.capturingRuntimeValues(result.exitStatus),
+    expectationContext: expectationContext,
+    mismatchedErrorDescription: nil,
     comments: comments(),
     isRequired: isRequired,
     sourceLocation: sourceLocation

Sources/Testing/Expectations/Expectation+Macro.swift

@@ -66,10 +66,10 @@
 /// running in the current task and an instance of ``ExpectationFailedError`` is
 /// thrown.
 @freestanding(expression) public macro require<T>(
-  _ optionalValue: T?,
+  _ optionalValue: consuming T?,
   _ comment: @autoclosure () -> Comment? = nil,
   sourceLocation: SourceLocation = #_sourceLocation
-) -> T = #externalMacro(module: "TestingMacros", type: "RequireMacro")
+) -> T = #externalMacro(module: "TestingMacros", type: "UnwrapMacro") where T: ~Copyable
 
 /// Unwrap an optional boolean value or, if it is `nil`, fail and throw an
 /// error.
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
 /// running in the current task and an instance of ``ExpectationFailedError`` is
 /// thrown.
 ///
-/// This overload of ``require(_:_:sourceLocation:)-6w9oo`` checks if
+/// This overload of ``require(_:_:sourceLocation:)-5l63q`` checks if
 /// `optionalValue` may be ambiguous (i.e. it is unclear if the developer
 /// intended to check for a boolean value or unwrap an optional boolean value)
 /// and provides additional compile-time diagnostics when it is.
@@ -118,16 +118,16 @@ public macro require(
 /// running in the current task and an instance of ``ExpectationFailedError`` is
 /// thrown.
 ///
-/// This overload of ``require(_:_:sourceLocation:)-6w9oo`` is used when a
+/// This overload of ``require(_:_:sourceLocation:)-5l63q`` is used when a
 /// non-optional, non-`Bool` value is passed to `#require()`. It emits a warning
 /// diagnostic indicating that the expectation is redundant.
 @freestanding(expression)
 @_documentation(visibility: private)
 public macro require<T>(
-  _ optionalValue: T,
+  _ optionalValue: consuming T,
   _ comment: @autoclosure () -> Comment? = nil,
   sourceLocation: SourceLocation = #_sourceLocation
-) -> T = #externalMacro(module: "TestingMacros", type: "NonOptionalRequireMacro")
+) -> T = #externalMacro(module: "TestingMacros", type: "NonOptionalRequireMacro") where T: ~Copyable
 
 // MARK: - Matching errors by type