Automatic Plant Watering System

An autonomous, sensor-driven irrigation system built with MATLAB and the Grove Beginner Kit for Arduino. This project utilizes a finite-state machine logic to maintain soil moisture, with adaptive watering durations based on indoor air quality ($eCO_2$ levels).

Screenshots

Features

• Reactive Control: Automatically waters plants when soil is dry.
• Air Quality Integration: Adjusts watering bursts based on $eCO_2$ levels (using SGP30) to prevent fungal growth in high $CO_2$ environments.
• Real-time Telemetry: Live animated graphs of moisture levels in MATLAB.
• Data Logging: Automatically records moisture (V and %), $eCO_2$ levels, and system status to moisture_log.csv (see sample_moisture_log.csv for an example).
• Safety First: Dedicated physical Emergency Stop button.
• Calibration-Ready: Includes scripts for mapping sensor voltage to moisture percentages.

Hardware Requirements

• Microcontroller: Arduino (Compatible with Grove Beginner Kit)
• Sensors:
  • Soil Moisture Sensor (Analog)
  • SGP30 Gas Sensor ($eCO_2/TVOC$)
• Actuators:
  • Water Pump (via MOSFET board)
• Interface:
  • Physical Button (Emergency Stop)

Wiring Diagram (Default Pins)

Component	Pin	type
Soil Moisture Sensor	A1	Analog
SGP30 Sensor	I2C	I2C
Water Pump (MOSFET)	D2	Digital Out
Emergency Stop Button	D6	Digital In

Software Requirements

• MATLAB (R2021a or newer recommended)
• MATLAB Support Package for Arduino Hardware

Usage

1. Connect your Arduino and sensors according to the pin table above.
2. Ensure sgp30.m and volt2mois.m are in the same directory as the main script.
3. Open PlantWateringSystem.m in MATLAB.
4. Run the script. The system will initialize the Arduino connection and begin monitoring.

Testing & Calibration

• Run Testvolt2mois.m to verify the moisture conversion logic.
• Use the calibration curve generated in the main script to adjust the Dry_Soil and Wet_Soil thresholds for your specific plant/soil type.

Acknowledgments

• SGP30 Library: The sgp30.m class was developed by Eric Prandovszky (prandov@yorku.ca), version 0.8.1.
• Hardware: Developed using the Grove Beginner Kit for Arduino.

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.