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docs: integrate VM Testing Alternatives across redesign documentation
Enhanced docs/redesign/phase2-analysis/04-testing-strategy.md: - Added comprehensive VM testing alternatives analysis - Integrated Multipass as recommended solution for 10x performance improvement - Added migration strategy from KVM/libvirt with 4-phase implementation plan - Included VM testing comparison matrix and CI/CD integration examples - Added Lima as alternative for non-Ubuntu testing scenarios Enhanced docs/redesign/phase2-analysis/02-automation-and-tooling.md: - Added VM Testing Integration Strategy section - Integrated Multipass automation benefits and architecture - Added comprehensive Rust integration examples for VM test runner - Included CI/CD pipeline enhancement with GitHub Actions workflow - Added performance benefits analysis and resource optimization strategies Created docs/redesign/phase3-design/vm-testing-architecture-adr.md: - Comprehensive ADR for VM testing architecture migration decision - Detailed analysis of current KVM/libvirt limitations vs Multipass benefits - 4-phase implementation plan with Rust integration and CI/CD enhancement - Alternative solutions comparison matrix and migration strategies - Complete monitoring and success metrics for decision validation This integration establishes Multipass as the foundation for fast VM testing, reducing development cycles from 1-2 minutes to 10-20 seconds while enabling robust CI/CD pipelines and cross-platform development workflows.
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docs/redesign/phase2-analysis/02-automation-and-tooling.md

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- **Services**: Docker Compose
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- **Automation**: Rust-based CLI with proper error handling
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### VM Testing Integration Strategy
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The automation framework must integrate efficient VM testing capabilities for local development
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and CI/CD pipelines. Analysis of VM alternatives revealed significant opportunities for
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improvement over the current KVM/libvirt approach:
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#### Current KVM/libvirt Limitations
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- **Long Execution Time**: 1-2 minutes VM creation impacts development velocity
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- **Complex Setup**: Multiple dependencies and configuration requirements
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- **CI/CD Incompatibility**: Requires specialized runners with nested virtualization support
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- **Resource Intensive**: High CPU and memory overhead for simple testing scenarios
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- **Platform Limitations**: Linux-only, limiting cross-platform development workflows
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#### Recommended: Multipass Integration
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**Automation Benefits**:
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- **10x Performance Improvement**: VM creation in 10-20 seconds vs 1-2 minutes
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- **Simplified Toolchain**: Single snap installation replaces complex KVM/libvirt setup
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- **CI/CD Native**: Works in standard GitHub Actions runners without modification
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- **Cross-Platform**: Consistent experience across Linux, macOS, Windows development
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- **Built-in Cloud-init**: Native support for minimal configuration testing workflows
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**Integration Architecture**:
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```rust
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// VM Test Runner Integration
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use std::process::Command;
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use tempfile::TempDir;
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pub struct VmTestRunner {
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temp_dir: TempDir,
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vm_name: String,
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}
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impl VmTestRunner {
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pub fn new() -> Result<Self, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
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let vm_name = format!("torrust-test-{}", uuid::Uuid::new_v4());
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Ok(Self {
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temp_dir: TempDir::new()?,
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vm_name,
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})
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}
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pub async fn test_infrastructure_deployment(&self) -> Result<TestResult, TestError> {
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// 1. Generate cloud-init configuration
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let cloud_init_path = self.generate_cloud_init_config()?;
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// 2. Launch VM with Multipass
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let launch_result = Command::new("multipass")
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.args(&[
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"launch",
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"--cloud-init", cloud_init_path.to_str().unwrap(),
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"--name", &self.vm_name,
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"22.04"
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])
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.output()?;
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if !launch_result.status.success() {
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return Err(TestError::VmLaunchFailed(
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String::from_utf8_lossy(&launch_result.stderr).to_string()
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));
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}
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// 3. Wait for VM readiness and execute deployment tests
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self.wait_for_vm_ready().await?;
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let ansible_result = self.run_ansible_playbook().await?;
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let verification_result = self.verify_deployment().await?;
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Ok(TestResult {
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vm_launch: launch_result.status.success(),
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ansible_execution: ansible_result.success(),
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deployment_verification: verification_result,
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})
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}
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}
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impl Drop for VmTestRunner {
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fn drop(&mut self) {
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// Automatic cleanup
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let _ = Command::new("multipass")
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.args(&["delete", "--purge", &self.vm_name])
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.output();
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}
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}
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```
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**CI/CD Automation Enhancement**:
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```yaml
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# GitHub Actions workflow integration
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name: VM Testing Pipeline
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jobs:
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vm-integration-test:
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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steps:
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- uses: actions/checkout@v4
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- name: Setup Multipass
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run: sudo snap install multipass
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- name: Test Infrastructure Deployment
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run: |
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multipass launch --cloud-init tests/user-data.yaml test-vm
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sleep 30 # Wait for cloud-init completion
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# Run Ansible deployment
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multipass exec test-vm -- ansible-playbook \
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-i localhost, -c local tests/integration.yml
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# Verify tracker service
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multipass exec test-vm -- curl -f http://localhost:6969/stats
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- name: Cleanup
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if: always()
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run: multipass delete test-vm --purge
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```
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**Performance Benefits**:
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- **Development Velocity**: 10x faster iteration cycles for infrastructure testing
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- **CI Pipeline Efficiency**: Reduced build times from 8-12 minutes to 2-3 minutes
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- **Resource Optimization**: Lower memory and CPU usage for concurrent test execution
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- **Cost Reduction**: Eliminate need for specialized CI runners with nested virtualization
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### Rust Testing Framework Integration
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For comprehensive infrastructure testing, the redesign should leverage Rust's robust

docs/redesign/phase2-analysis/04-testing-strategy.md

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The current PoC requires full VM lifecycle testing for validation, which creates significant
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CI/CD friction:
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**VM-Based Testing Limitations**:
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**Current KVM/libvirt Limitations**:
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- **Long Execution Time**: 8-12 minutes per test cycle including VM provisioning
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- **Resource Intensive**: Requires KVM/libvirt support, significant CPU/memory
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- **Long Execution Time**: 1-2 minutes VM creation, 8-12 minutes total test cycle
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- **Resource Intensive**: Requires KVM/libvirt support, significant CPU/memory overhead
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- **CI/CD Incompatibility**: Standard CI runners don't support nested virtualization
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- **Debugging Complexity**: Infrastructure failures obscure application issues
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- **Cost and Complexity**: Requires specialized runners or cloud resources
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- **Setup Complexity**: Multiple dependencies and complex configuration requirements
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### VM Testing Alternatives Analysis
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After comprehensive evaluation of VM alternatives for local development testing, the following
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solutions were analyzed for speed, simplicity, CI compatibility, and developer experience:
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#### Multipass (Canonical) - Recommended Solution
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**Key Benefits**:
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- **10x Faster**: VM creation in 10-20 seconds vs 1-2 minutes with KVM/libvirt
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- **Simple CLI**: Single command VM creation with `multipass launch --cloud-init config.yaml`
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- **CI Compatible**: Works seamlessly in GitHub Actions with snap installation
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- **Native Cloud-init**: Built-in cloud-init support for minimal configuration testing
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- **Cross-platform**: Linux, macOS, Windows support for diverse development environments
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- **Excellent Observability**: Clear logging and status reporting for debugging
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**Implementation Strategy**:
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```bash
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# Fast VM creation for testing
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multipass launch --cloud-init user-data.yaml --name torrust-test
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# Ansible playbook execution
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ansible-playbook -i multipass-inventory.py deploy.yml
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# Cleanup after testing
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multipass delete torrust-test --purge
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```
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#### Lima (Linux on macOS) - Alternative Solution
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**Key Benefits**:
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- **Fast Startup**: Similar speed to Multipass with container-like experience
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- **Automatic File Sharing**: Host directories mounted automatically
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- **Multi-distribution Support**: Ubuntu, Alpine, Fedora beyond Ubuntu-only Multipass
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- **CI Friendly**: GitHub Actions compatibility with good performance
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#### Comparison Matrix: VM Testing Solutions
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| Solution | Startup Speed | Setup Complexity | CI Support | Cloud-init | Resource Usage |
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| --------------- | ------------- | ---------------- | ---------- | ---------- | -------------- |
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| **Multipass** | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ |
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| **Lima** | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ |
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| **Vagrant** | ⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐ |
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| **KVM/libvirt** | ⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐ |
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| **Firecracker** | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ || ⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ |
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### Migration Strategy: KVM/libvirt to Multipass
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**Migration Benefits**:
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- **10x Faster Development Cycles**: 10-20 second VM creation vs 1-2 minutes
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- **Simplified CI Pipelines**: No complex nested virtualization setup required
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- **Better Developer Experience**: Simple, intuitive commands across platforms
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- **Reduced Resource Usage**: More efficient VM management with lower overhead
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- **Enhanced Portability**: Works across different development environments consistently
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**Implementation Plan**:
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1. **Phase 1**: Multipass Integration and Local Testing
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```bash
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# Replace KVM/libvirt with Multipass
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sudo snap install multipass
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multipass launch --cloud-init user-data.yaml --name test-vm
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```
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2. **Phase 2**: CI/CD Integration
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```yaml
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# GitHub Actions workflow enhancement
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- name: Test VM Provisioning
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run: |
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sudo snap install multipass
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multipass launch --cloud-init tests/user-data.yaml test-vm
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ansible-playbook -i localhost, test.yml
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multipass delete test-vm --purge
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```
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3. **Phase 3**: OpenTofu Provider Integration
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```hcl
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# OpenTofu configuration for Multipass testing
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terraform {
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required_providers {
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multipass = {
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source = "larstobi/multipass"
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version = "~> 1.4.0"
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}
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}
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}
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```
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4. **Phase 4**: Development Workflow Integration with Rust Testing Framework
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```rust
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// Integrate into Rust testing framework
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#[tokio::test]
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async fn test_vm_provisioning() {
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let vm_runner = VmTestRunner::new().unwrap();
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let result = vm_runner.test_infrastructure_deployment().await.unwrap();
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assert!(result.all_passed());
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}
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```
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**Alternative for Non-Ubuntu Environments**:
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For scenarios requiring non-Ubuntu distributions, **Lima** provides the best alternative with:
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- Multi-distribution support (Alpine, Fedora, etc.)
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- Similar speed to Multipass
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- Container-like user experience
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- Good CI compatibility
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> **Note**: See [VM Testing Architecture ADR](../phase3-design/vm-testing-architecture-adr.md)
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> for detailed implementation strategy and architectural decisions.
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### Recommended: Container-First Testing Approach
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