feat: Set up complete Python testing infrastructure with Poetry

.gitignore

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+# Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files
+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+*$py.class
+
+# C extensions
+*.so
+
+# Distribution / packaging
+.Python
+build/
+develop-eggs/
+dist/
+downloads/
+eggs/
+.eggs/
+lib/
+lib64/
+parts/
+sdist/
+var/
+wheels/
+share/python-wheels/
+*.egg-info/
+.installed.cfg
+*.egg
+MANIFEST
+
+# PyInstaller
+*.manifest
+*.spec
+
+# Installer logs
+pip-log.txt
+pip-delete-this-directory.txt
+
+# Unit test / coverage reports
+htmlcov/
+.tox/
+.nox/
+.coverage
+.coverage.*
+.cache
+nosetests.xml
+coverage.xml
+*.cover
+*.py,cover
+.hypothesis/
+.pytest_cache/
+cover/
+
+# Translations
+*.mo
+*.pot
+
+# Django stuff:
+*.log
+local_settings.py
+db.sqlite3
+db.sqlite3-journal
+
+# Flask stuff:
+instance/
+.webassets-cache
+
+# Scrapy stuff:
+.scrapy
+
+# Sphinx documentation
+docs/_build/
+
+# PyBuilder
+.pybuilder/
+target/
+
+# Jupyter Notebook
+.ipynb_checkpoints
+
+# IPython
+profile_default/
+ipython_config.py
+
+# pyenv
+.python-version
+
+# pipenv
+Pipfile.lock
+
+# poetry
+# Note: We do NOT ignore poetry.lock as it should be committed
+# poetry.lock
+
+# pdm
+.pdm.toml
+
+# PEP 582
+__pypackages__/
+
+# Celery stuff
+celerybeat-schedule
+celerybeat.pid
+
+# SageMath parsed files
+*.sage.py
+
+# Environments
+.env
+.venv
+env/
+venv/
+ENV/
+env.bak/
+venv.bak/
+
+# Spyder project settings
+.spyderproject
+.spyproject
+
+# Rope project settings
+.ropeproject
+
+# mkdocs documentation
+/site
+
+# mypy
+.mypy_cache/
+.dmypy.json
+dmypy.json
+
+# Pyre type checker
+.pyre/
+
+# pytype static type analyzer
+.pytype/
+
+# Cython debug symbols
+cython_debug/
+
+# Claude settings
+.claude/*
+
+# IDE
+.vscode/
+.idea/
+*.swp
+*.swo
+*~
+.DS_Store
+
+# Project specific
+*.zip
+*.tar.gz

pyproject.toml

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+[tool.poetry]
+name = "ml-algorithms"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Machine Learning Algorithms Implementation"
+authors = ["Your Name <you@example.com>"]
+readme = "README.md"
+packages = [{include = "ch2"}, {include = "ch3"}, {include = "ch4"}, {include = "ch5"}, {include = "ch6"}, {include = "ch7"}, {include = "ch8"}]
+
+[tool.poetry.dependencies]
+python = "^3.8"
+
+[tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
+pytest = "^7.4.0"
+pytest-cov = "^4.1.0"
+pytest-mock = "^3.11.0"
+
+[tool.poetry.scripts]
+test = "pytest:main"
+tests = "pytest:main"
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+minversion = "7.0"
+testpaths = ["tests"]
+python_files = ["test_*.py", "*_test.py"]
+python_classes = ["Test*"]
+python_functions = ["test_*"]
+addopts = [
+    "--strict-markers",
+    "--verbose",
+    "-ra",
+    "--cov=ch2",
+    "--cov=ch3",
+    "--cov=ch4",
+    "--cov=ch5",
+    "--cov=ch6",
+    "--cov=ch7",
+    "--cov=ch8",
+    "--cov-report=term-missing",
+    "--cov-report=html",
+    "--cov-report=xml",
+    "--cov-fail-under=0",  # Set to 80 when you have sufficient test coverage
+]
+markers = [
+    "unit: marks tests as unit tests",
+    "integration: marks tests as integration tests",  
+    "slow: marks tests as slow running",
+]
+
+[tool.coverage.run]
+source = ["ch2", "ch3", "ch4", "ch5", "ch6", "ch7", "ch8"]
+omit = [
+    "*/tests/*",
+    "*/__pycache__/*",
+    "*/venv/*",
+    "*/.venv/*",
+]
+
+[tool.coverage.report]
+precision = 2
+show_missing = true
+skip_covered = false
+fail_under = 0  # Set to 80 when you have sufficient test coverage
+
+[tool.coverage.html]
+directory = "htmlcov"
+
+[tool.coverage.xml]
+output = "coverage.xml"
+
+[build-system]
+requires = ["poetry-core"]
+build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"

tests/conftest.py

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+"""Shared pytest fixtures and configuration for all tests."""
+
+import os
+import tempfile
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Generator
+
+import pytest
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def temp_dir() -> Generator[Path, None, None]:
+    """Create a temporary directory for test files."""
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
+        yield Path(tmp_dir)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def sample_data_file(temp_dir: Path) -> Path:
+    """Create a sample data file for testing."""
+    data_file = temp_dir / "sample_data.txt"
+    data_file.write_text("1,2,3\n4,5,6\n7,8,9\n")
+    return data_file
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_config() -> dict:
+    """Provide a mock configuration dictionary."""
+    return {
+        "algorithm": "knn",
+        "k": 3,
+        "distance_metric": "euclidean",
+        "normalize": True,
+        "random_seed": 42,
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def sample_dataset() -> list:
+    """Provide a sample dataset for testing ML algorithms."""
+    return [
+        {"features": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0], "label": "A"},
+        {"features": [4.0, 5.0, 6.0], "label": "B"},
+        {"features": [7.0, 8.0, 9.0], "label": "C"},
+        {"features": [2.0, 3.0, 4.0], "label": "A"},
+        {"features": [5.0, 6.0, 7.0], "label": "B"},
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def sample_matrix() -> list:
+    """Provide a sample 2D matrix for testing."""
+    return [
+        [1.0, 2.0, 3.0],
+        [4.0, 5.0, 6.0],
+        [7.0, 8.0, 9.0],
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def reset_environment():
+    """Reset environment variables before each test."""
+    original_env = os.environ.copy()
+    yield
+    os.environ.clear()
+    os.environ.update(original_env)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def capture_stdout(monkeypatch):
+    """Capture stdout for testing print statements."""
+    import io
+    import sys
+
+    captured = io.StringIO()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, 'stdout', captured)
+    yield captured
+    captured.close()